CN106180785A - A kind of large scale circuit board drilling method - Google Patents
A kind of large scale circuit board drilling method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106180785A CN106180785A CN201610657241.2A CN201610657241A CN106180785A CN 106180785 A CN106180785 A CN 106180785A CN 201610657241 A CN201610657241 A CN 201610657241A CN 106180785 A CN106180785 A CN 106180785A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- location
- circuit board
- workbench
- hole
- reference point
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B35/00—Methods for boring or drilling, or for working essentially requiring the use of boring or drilling machines; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B41/00—Boring or drilling machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/18—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for positioning only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q2703/00—Work clamping
- B23Q2703/02—Work clamping means
- B23Q2703/10—Devices for clamping workpieces of a particular form or made from a particular material
Abstract
The present invention relates to circuit board manufacture field, particularly relate to a kind of large scale circuit board drilling method.First hole, location and the first keeper are all separately positioned on by workbench on the first area of circuit board and the backing plate of workbench；And the second hole, location and the second keeper are all separately positioned on by workbench on the second area of circuit board and the backing plate of workbench.Avoid the instrument that arranges in hole, location and the position alignment error of inconsistent the brought circuit board of the instrument that arranges of keeper.Further, in drilling process, first area and second area carry out Drilling operation using same reference point as coordinate reference points, overcome inconsistent the brought mismachining tolerance of reference point that workbench uses.Improve the quality of production of circuit board, improve yield rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to circuit board manufacture field, particularly relate to a kind of large scale circuit board drilling method.
Background technology
During manufacturing circuit board, need to use rig that circuit board is carried out Drilling operation.Prior art
The processing dimension of numerical controlled machinery drilling machine is generally wide 21.5 cun, length 27 cun, and maximum processing dimension also only has the widest 27 cun, length 32
Very little.Common lathe is difficult to large scale circuit board wide 27 cun, long 27-43 cun is carried out Drilling operation.
Authorization Notice No. is CN 102107290 B, and authorized announcement date is that the patent of invention of 2013 07 month 24 discloses one
Plant boring method and rig.Solve prior art large scale circuit board processing technology inconvenient, that the process-cycle is longer to ask
Topic.Method particularly includes: circuit board is placed on the first work top and the second adjacent work top of rig so that
First processing of circuit board is partially in the first work top；Use on described rig with described first work top pair
The first cutter that should arrange, carries out Drilling operation to described first processing part；Use on described rig with described second
The second cutter that work top is correspondingly arranged, carries out Drilling operation to described second processing part.
The backboard of circuit board typically has that the number of plies is many, area is big, thickness is big, aspect ratio high, and backboard was producing
In journey, the requirement to aspects such as pressing technology, electroplating technology, level to level alignment technology is the highest.And in skill disclosed in above-mentioned patent documentation
In art scheme, circuit board is carried out Drilling operation by several times, needs circuit by repeatedly installing on the table.Circuit board is repeatedly pacified
Site error between dress, can cause the position distribution of the boring on circuit board error occur.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of drilling method that can improve large scale board production qualification rate.
A kind of large scale circuit board drilling method, for the boring machine Drilling operation to circuit board, described boring machine includes
At least two is provided with the workbench of cutter, it is characterised in that include step:
Reference point is set: by described circuit board subregion so that described circuit board includes partly overlapping first area and the secondth district
Territory, described first area is corresponding with the first workbench, and described second area is corresponding with the second workbench；In described first area and
The overlapping region of described second area arranges reference point；
Positioning holes on circuit board is set: on described first workbench, on the basis of described reference point, at the first of described circuit board
Region arranges the first hole, location；On described second workbench, on the basis of described reference point, in the secondth district of described circuit board
Territory arranges the second hole, location；
First area Drilling operation: the first keeper, the quantity of described first keeper are set on the backing plate of the first workbench
Identical with described first hole, location with relative position distribution；By coordinating of described first location hole and described first keeper,
Described circuit board is fixed on described first workbench；On the basis of described reference point, is holed in described first area
Processing；
Second area Drilling operation: the second keeper, the quantity of described second keeper are set on the backing plate of the second workbench
Identical with described second hole, location with relative position distribution；By coordinating of described second location hole and described second keeper,
Described circuit board is fixed on described second workbench；On the basis of described reference point, described second area is holed
Processing.
First hole, location and the first keeper are all separately positioned on the first area and the of circuit board by the first workbench
On the backing plate of one workbench；And the second hole, location and the second keeper are all separately positioned on the of circuit board by the second workbench
On the backing plate of two regions and the first workbench.The instrument that arranges of the location instrument that arranges in hole and keeper of avoiding is inconsistent to be carried
The position alignment error of the circuit board come.Further, in drilling process, the first workbench and the second workbench are with same
The reference point of sample carries out Drilling operation as coordinate reference points, overcomes that reference point that two workbench use is inconsistent to be brought
Mismachining tolerance.Improve the quality of production of circuit board, improve yield rate.
As preferably, described reference point includes main reference point and auxiliary reference point.
As preferably, described main reference point and described auxiliary reference point are positioned on the axis of described circuit board.
As preferably, refer to described reference point position benchmark, the reference coordinate initial point of workbench and described main reference point weight
Close, the first operative orientation of workbench and described main reference point and the line coincident of described auxiliary reference point.
As preferably, the second operative orientation of described first workbench and described second workbench is about the first of workbench
Operative orientation is symmetrical.
As preferably, described first hole, location at least has 3, and described second hole, location at least has 3.
As preferably, described first hole, location and described second hole, location are about described main reference point and described auxiliary reference point
Line be symmetrical arranged.The first hole, location and second that this mode is arranged positions hole, can reduce position error.
As preferably, the line of two of which the first keeper is parallel with the first operative orientation of described first workbench,
The line of two of which the first keeper is parallel with the second operative orientation of described first workbench；Two of which the second keeper
Line parallel with the first operative orientation of described second workbench, the line of two of which the second keeper and described second work
Second operative orientation of station is parallel.
As preferably, the quantity in described first hole, location is 3-6, and the quantity in described second hole, location is 3-6.
As preferably, the quantity in described first hole, location is 6, and the quantity in described second hole, location is 6；Described first
Hole, location includes the first main location group and the first auxiliary location group, described first main location group and described first auxiliary location group switching centre pair
It is arranged in described first area with claiming；Described second hole, location includes the second main location group and the second auxiliary location group, described the
Two main location groups and described second auxiliary location group switching centre are symmetrically disposed in described second area.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 boring machine workbench schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 first positions hole and the second hole, location and arranges schematic diagram one.
Fig. 3 the first keeper and the second keeper arrange schematic diagram one.
Fig. 4 first positions hole and the second hole, location and arranges schematic diagram two.
Fig. 5 the first keeper and the second keeper arrange schematic diagram two.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.A kind of large scale circuit boring side
Method, for the boring machine Drilling operation to circuit board.Boring machine in the present embodiment is six axle boring machines, is provided with six sizes
The identical workbench of size 1, the processing dimension of workbench 1 is wide 21.5 cun, length 27 cun.Correspondence above each workbench 1
Be provided with one for the cutter head installing cutter, synchronize to carry out Drilling operation to the circuit board 2 on each workbench 1.Circuit board 2
Having the region to be processed of rectangle, need to carry out Drilling operation, the size in region to be processed is wide 27 cun, length 43 cun.Can see
Go out circuit board 2 and need the region processing dimension more than workbench 1 of processing, with this existing boring machine equipment, circuit board 2 is entered
Row boring, needs to process several times and just can complete.
The employing split fix of boring machine is across axle operating type: be set to by the workbench of the one of boring machine, three, five seats in the plane
First workbench 11, three the first workbench 11 synchronize to perform the first drilling program and hole circuit board mounted thereto
Processing.The workbench of the two of boring machine, four, six seats in the plane is set to the second workbench 12, and three the second workbench 12 synchronize to hold
Row the second drilling program carries out Drilling operation to circuit board mounted thereto.
Use boring machine that the Drilling operation of circuit board includes step:
Reference point is set: be placed in pin machine by circuit board 2, uses pin machine placed in the middle in the centre position on the long limit of circuit board 2
Beat two pins as a reference point 21 for location and reference point 22.The line of reference point 21 and reference point 22 and circuit board 2
Minor face parallel.Circuit board 2 is divided into along long side direction first area 23 and the second area 24 of left and right setting.First area
23 and second area 24 overlapping at the mid portion of circuit board, form overlapping region 25.Reference point 21 and reference point 22 are positioned at weight
In folded region 25 so that reference point 21 and reference point 22 are not only located in first area 23, also are located in second area 24.
Positioning holes on circuit board is set: be fixed on the first workbench 11 first area 23 of circuit board, the first workbench
11 perform the first hole, location arranges program: the zero with reference point 21 as reference frame, with reference point 21 and reference point
The line of 22, as the Y direction of reference frame, arranges the first hole, location in first area 23.First hole, location is in the firstth district
The distribution in territory 23 such as Fig. 2, arrange in the non-processing district region of boring (need not) of first area 23 first hole, location 231, the
One hole, location 232, first positions hole 233, the first hole, location 231 and the line in the first hole 232, location and reference point 21 and reference
The line of point 22 is parallel, and the first hole, location 231 and the line in the first hole 233, location hang down with the connection of reference point 21 and reference point 22
Directly.First hole 231,232,233, location the first of form right angle triangle main location group in first area 23.By circuit board
Second area 24 is fixed on the second workbench 12, and the second workbench 12 performs the second hole, location and arranges program: with reference point 21
For the zero of reference frame, using the line of reference point 21 and reference point 22 as the Y direction of reference frame,
Two regions 24 arrange the second hole, location.At distribution such as Fig. 2 of second area 24, (need not in the non-processing district of second area 24
The region of boring) hole 243, the 242, second location, hole, the 241, second location, the second hole, location, the second hole 241 and second, location are set
The line in hole 242, location is parallel with the line of reference point 21 and reference point 22, and the second hole, location 241 and second positions hole 243
Line is vertical with the connection of reference point 21 and reference point 22.Second hole 241,242,243, location is constituted directly in second area 24
Second main location group of angle triangle.First location group and the second location group are preferably about reference point 21 and the line of reference point 22
Symmetrical.
First area Drilling operation: the first workbench 11 performs the first same hole, location and arranges program, in the first work
Drilling bore hole pin being squeezed in backing plate as the first keeper on the backing plate of platform.Such as Fig. 3, the number of the first keeper on backing plate
Amount is identical with the quantity in the first hole, location, and, first keeper 111,112,113 relative position distribution on backing plate and the
The relative position distribution in the first hole 231,232,233, location on one region 23 is identical.By by the first location Kong Yu
The cooperation of positioning piece: the first hole 231, location is nested on the first keeper 111, the first hole 232, location is nested into first
On keeper 112, the first hole 233, location is nested on the first keeper 113.Circuit board 2 is made to be fixed on the first workbench
On 11, and first area 23 is in the range of work of the first workbench 11.First workbench performs the first boring journey
Sequence, the zero with reference point 21 as reference frame, with the line of reference point 21 and reference point 22 as Y direction, to
One region 23 carries out Drilling operation.After completion of processing, circuit board 2 is taken off from the first workbench 11, and by pin from backing plate
On extract.
Second area Drilling operation: the second workbench 12 performs the second same hole, location and arranges program, in the second work
Drilling bore hole pin being squeezed in backing plate as the second keeper on the backing plate of platform.Such as Fig. 3, the number of the second keeper on backing plate
Amount is identical with the quantity in the second hole, location, and, second keeper 121,122,123 relative position distribution on backing plate and the
The relative position distribution in the second hole 231,232,233, location on two regions 24 is identical.When the first location group and second is determined
Hyte about the line of reference point 21 and reference point 22 symmetrical time, corresponding use same hole, location to arrange what program was arranged
First keeper and the distribution on respective workbench of second keeper are also corresponding symmetrical, such as Fig. 3.By the second location
Hole coordinates with the second keeper: is nested on the second keeper 121 in the second hole 241, location, is inserted in the second hole 242, location
On the second keeper 122, the second hole 243, location is nested on the second keeper 123.Circuit board 2 is made to be fixed on second
On workbench 12, and second area 24 is in the range of work of the second workbench 12.Second workbench performs second
Drilling program, the zero with reference point 21 as reference frame, with the line of reference point 21 and reference point 22 for Y-axis side
To, second area 24 is carried out Drilling operation.After completion of processing, circuit board 2 is gone from the second workbench 12, and by pin
Extract from backing plate.
When the first location group and the second location group about the line of reference point 21 and reference point 22 symmetrical time, correspondingly
The first workbench of reference frame and the X-direction of the second workbench is set up about respective Y-axis side on the basis of reference point
To symmetry.
It addition, as Fig. 4,5: can first area 23 arrange include position hole 234,235,236 the first auxiliary location group,
First auxiliary location group and the first main location group are about the centrosymmetry of first area 23.It is provided with on the backing plate of the first workbench 11
Three first with the first auxiliary location group position hole the first keepers 114,115 and 116 one to one respectively.Same, can
To arrange the second auxiliary location group including positioning hole 244,245,246 at second area 24, the second auxiliary location group is main with second fixed
Hyte is about the centrosymmetry of second area 24.Be provided with on the backing plate of the second workbench 12 respectively with the three of the second auxiliary location group
Individual second hole, location the second keeper 124,125 and 126 one to one.
Although being described in conjunction with the accompanying embodiments of the present invention, but those of ordinary skill in the art can be in appended power
Profit makes various deformation or amendment in the range of requiring.
Claims (10)
1. a large scale circuit board drilling method, for the boring machine Drilling operation to circuit board, described boring machine include to
Few two workbench being provided with cutter, it is characterised in that include step:
Reference point is set: by described circuit board subregion so that described circuit board includes partly overlapping first area and the secondth district
Territory, described first area is corresponding with the first workbench, and described second area is corresponding with the second workbench；In described first area and
The overlapping region of described second area arranges reference point；
Positioning holes on circuit board is set: on described first workbench, on the basis of described reference point, at the first of described circuit board
Region arranges the first hole, location；On described second workbench, on the basis of described reference point, in the secondth district of described circuit board
Territory arranges the second hole, location；
First area Drilling operation: the first keeper, the quantity of described first keeper are set on the backing plate of the first workbench
Identical with described first hole, location with relative position distribution；By coordinating of described first location hole and described first keeper,
Described circuit board is fixed on described first workbench；On the basis of described reference point, is holed in described first area
Processing；
Second area Drilling operation: the second keeper, the quantity of described second keeper are set on the backing plate of the second workbench
Identical with described second hole, location with relative position distribution；By coordinating of described second location hole and described second keeper,
Described circuit board is fixed on described second workbench；On the basis of described reference point, described second area is holed
Processing.
A kind of large scale circuit board drilling method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described reference point includes main
Reference point and auxiliary reference point.
A kind of large scale circuit board drilling method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described main reference point and institute
State auxiliary reference point to be positioned on the axis of described circuit board.
A kind of large scale circuit board drilling method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: with described reference point as base
Standard refers to, the reference coordinate initial point of workbench overlaps with described main reference point, the first operative orientation of workbench and described main ginseng
Examination point and the line coincident of described auxiliary reference point.
A kind of large scale circuit board drilling method the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described first workbench and
Second operative orientation of described second workbench is symmetrical about the first operative orientation of workbench.
A kind of large scale circuit board drilling method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described first hole, location is extremely
Having 3 less, described second hole, location at least has 3.
A kind of large scale circuit board drilling method the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: described first hole, location and
Described second hole, location is symmetrical arranged about the line of described main reference point and described auxiliary reference point.
A kind of large scale circuit board drilling method the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: two of which first positions
The line of part is parallel with the first operative orientation of described first workbench, the line of two of which the first keeper and described first
Second operative orientation of workbench is parallel；The line of two of which the second keeper and the first work side of described second workbench
To parallel, the line of two of which the second keeper is parallel with the second operative orientation of described second workbench.
A kind of large scale circuit board drilling method the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: described first hole, location
Quantity is 3-6, and the quantity in described second hole, location is 3-6.
A kind of large scale circuit board drilling method the most according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: described first hole, location
Quantity be 6, described second location hole quantity be 6；Described first hole, location includes the first main location group and first auxiliary
Location group, described first main location group and described first auxiliary location group switching centre are symmetrically disposed in described first area；Described
Second hole, location includes in the second main location group and the second auxiliary location group, described second main location group and described second auxiliary location group
The heart is symmetrically disposed in described second area.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610657241.2A CN106180785B (en) | 2016-08-12 | 2016-08-12 | A kind of large scale circuit board drilling method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610657241.2A CN106180785B (en) | 2016-08-12 | 2016-08-12 | A kind of large scale circuit board drilling method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106180785A true CN106180785A (en) | 2016-12-07 |
| CN106180785B CN106180785B (en) | 2019-07-19 |
Family
ID=57514348
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610657241.2A Active CN106180785B (en) | 2016-08-12 | 2016-08-12 | A kind of large scale circuit board drilling method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106180785B (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000218416A (en) * | 1999-01-29 | 2000-08-08 | Canon Inc | Boring method and device for printed circuit board |
| US20020146294A1 (en) * | 2001-04-06 | 2002-10-10 | Excellon Automation Co. | Expandable tooling plate for printed circuit board panel drilling machines |
| CN101947659A (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2011-01-19 | 广州杰赛科技股份有限公司 | Method for transverse shaft-crossing drilling of drilling machine |
| CN102107290A (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2011-06-29 | 北大方正集团有限公司 | Drilling method and drilling equipment |
| CN104476611A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-04-01 | 深圳崇达多层线路板有限公司 | Regional drilling method for large-size back plate |
| CN104869764A (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-08-26 | 江门崇达电路技术有限公司 | Method for manufacturing large-size precise circuit board |
-
2016
- 2016-08-12 CN CN201610657241.2A patent/CN106180785B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000218416A (en) * | 1999-01-29 | 2000-08-08 | Canon Inc | Boring method and device for printed circuit board |
| US20020146294A1 (en) * | 2001-04-06 | 2002-10-10 | Excellon Automation Co. | Expandable tooling plate for printed circuit board panel drilling machines |
| CN101947659A (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2011-01-19 | 广州杰赛科技股份有限公司 | Method for transverse shaft-crossing drilling of drilling machine |
| CN102107290A (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2011-06-29 | 北大方正集团有限公司 | Drilling method and drilling equipment |
| CN104476611A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-04-01 | 深圳崇达多层线路板有限公司 | Regional drilling method for large-size back plate |
| CN104869764A (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-08-26 | 江门崇达电路技术有限公司 | Method for manufacturing large-size precise circuit board |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106180785B (en) | 2019-07-19 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104924118B (en) | A kind of frock and its application method for being applied to processing V-type diesel frame | |
| CN205950334U (en) | Oblique apical pore finish machining anchor clamps of plastic mold | |
| CN106271416A (en) | A kind of joint parts processing method | |
| CN107984177A (en) | Split Casing simulating piece processing method | |
| CN101391358B (en) | Method for processing welding frame device using bolt, pun bush as positioning reference | |
| CN107030208A (en) | A kind of processing method of trimming and piercing die class mould | |
| CN106270603A (en) | A kind of large scale circuit twist drill hole forming method | |
| CN106180785A (en) | A kind of large scale circuit board drilling method | |
| CN207014020U (en) | A kind of compressor of air conditioner price fixing machining production line | |
| CN206620944U (en) | Shoe last structure | |
| CN108748064A (en) | Rapid embarkation bearing calibration of the large-scale diesel engine rack on planer-type milling machine | |
| CN212946236U (en) | Arm side plate fixed-position welding tool | |
| CN104439897B (en) | Method for machining chip mounter guide rail seat through gantry pentahedron numerical control machine tool | |
| CN104582284B (en) | The preparation method of package substrate | |
| CN103551808B (en) | The method of a kind of gantry pentahedron Digit Control Machine Tool processing rotor class part | |
| US9833844B2 (en) | Desktop milling machine with ovate-shaped bridge | |
| CN207103870U (en) | One kind row's knife lathe gang tool seat | |
| CN206518172U (en) | One kind cuts a bag seam template | |
| CN207127300U (en) | A kind of clamping mold for sensor base drilling | |
| CN205703376U (en) | Polar coordinate positioning form large arm machining frock | |
| CN208880569U (en) | Quick change pedestal | |
| CN106271426A (en) | A kind of processing technique of connecting plate | |
| CN104658918B (en) | The milling shape fabricating method of package substrate | |
| CN108723448A (en) | The processing tool and processing method of a kind of angle guide rail or inclined-plane | |
| CN204565750U (en) | A kind of processing unit (plant) of sector-segment frames upper roller installed surface |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |