CN106177161A - 一种用于治疗雷诺病的药物 - Google Patents
一种用于治疗雷诺病的药物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于治疗雷诺病的药物，它是由以下重量配比的原料药材制备而成：桂皮9份、枸骨叶6份、补骨脂10份、火麻仁12份、金铃子6份、千叶曼陀罗花1份、珍珠透骨草12份、荜茇梨2份。本发明运用：桂皮发汗解肌，温通经脉，助阳化气，平冲降气；补骨脂补肾助阳；枸骨叶养阴，平肝，益肾；火麻仁利水通淋，活血；金铃子疏肝行气；千叶曼陀罗花解痉止搐；珍珠透骨草舒筋活血；荜茇梨温中散寒。诸药合用，达到温阳散寒，宣通血脉，疏肝理气，活血化瘀的功效。临床实验证明，本发明能够安全有效治疗雷诺病。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药，具体涉及一种用于治疗雷诺病的药物。
背景技术
雷诺病又称“肢端动脉痉挛症”，是一种遇冷或情绪紧张后，以血管神经功能紊乱引起的阵发性肢端小动脉强烈收缩使肢端缺血改变为特征的疾病。发作时，四肢肢端皮肤由间歇性苍白变为青紫，而后转为潮红，以手指指端多见，且呈对称性。由于1862年MauriceRaynaud首先描述顾得名。本病无其他相关疾病和明确病因（原发）时称雷诺病；与某些疾病相关（继发）称雷诺现象。雷诺病女性患者多见，男女比例为1：10，发病年龄多在20～30岁，且于寒冷季节或情绪激动、紧张或过度疲劳后发作频繁，病情加重。对于引起本病的致病因素目前尚不明确。一般认为与内分泌功能、中枢神经功能失调、遗传因素等有关，现代西医学目前尚无令人满意的治疗方法。
中医学中无此专有病名，一般归属于“四肢逆冷”、“血痹”等范畴。
病因
雷诺病的病因目前仍不完全明确,与遗传及环境因素相关。寒冷刺激、情绪激动或精神紧张是主要的激发因素。其他诱因有感染、疲劳等。诊断雷诺病，必须排除引起雷诺现象的相关疾病和明确病因。
①免疫性疾病及结缔组织疾病
几乎所有的结缔组织病都可伴发雷诺现象，并可出现在结缔组织疾病的其他表现之前。如硬皮病、混合性结缔组织病、系统性红斑狼疮、类风湿关节炎、皮肌炎和干燥综合征。这些疾病的血管病变在早期以痉挛为主，反复发作后则引起动脉壁炎症，进而出现血栓形成和管腔闭塞，最终导致组织坏死和溃疡。
②慢性闭塞性动脉疾病
闭塞性动脉硬化、血栓闭塞性脉管炎、动脉栓塞。
③神经系统疾病
包括中枢及周围神经系统疾病，如视丘下肿瘤、脊髓肿瘤、脊髓炎和神经损伤等。
④药物性因素
麦角及其他抗痉挛剂、β-受体阻滞剂、避孕药、环孢素、重金属盐及停用硝酸甘油等。
⑤职业性因素
如反复振动性损害、小鱼际铁锤综合征（溃疡性动脉血栓）。常见于铸铁工、机械工、石工、打字员、钢琴家等。也有因动脉直接损害、冷损伤和工作中接触氯乙烯等而发生者。
⑥血液疾病
如冷凝集素血症和冷球蛋白血症等。
⑦内分泌疾病
甲状腺功能低下。
⑧其他
如慢性肾功能衰竭、恶性肿瘤和肺源性高血压等。
临床表现
雷诺病的典型发作过程为当寒冷刺激或情绪激动及精神紧张时，手指皮肤出现苍白和发绀，手指末梢有麻木、发凉和刺痛，经保暖后，皮色变潮红，则有温热和胀感，继而皮色恢复正常，症状也随之消失。疾病早期，上述变化在寒冷季节频繁发作，症状明显，持续时间长，而在温热季节则反之。如病情较重，则一年四季均可频繁发作。
皮色变化常有规律性，受累手指常呈对称性，皮色变化多按第4、5、3和2指顺序发展，拇指因肌肉较多、血液供应较丰富而很少受累，皮色变化先从末节开始逐渐向上发展，但很少超过腕部，都发生在双手。足趾发生雷诺病的现象较少见，耳郭、鼻尖、唇皮肤苍白或发绀者偶见。
有些患者缺乏典型的间歇性皮色变化，特别在晚期，发作时仅有苍白或发绀。严重者指端皮肤出现营养障碍如皮肤干燥、肌肉萎缩、指甲脆裂、甲周易感染，当指动脉狭窄或闭塞后，指端出现浅在性溃疡和小面积坏疽，且伴剧烈疼痛，溃疡愈合后遗留点状皮肤瘢痕。
雷诺病患者多有植物神经功能紊乱症状，如易兴奋、感情易冲动、多疑、郁闷、失眠多梦等。雷诺病无其他全身症状，雷诺现象可同时伴有原发病之临床表现。
雷诺病可使小血管闭塞，导致指端缺血坏死。严重者可出现指末端指腹变平、坏疽，末节指骨可因缺血而坏死、被吸收、溶解，出现变短或截指现象。在一些抵抗力低的患者，指端缺血而发生溃疡有可能导致骨髓炎、败血症等疾病，这也是本病最严重的并发症，正确而及时地应用抗感染药物有助于防止这些并发症的发生。
药物治疗
①血管平滑肌松弛剂能直接作用于血管平滑肌，以松弛周围血管。常用药物包括烟酸和硝苯地平。
②抗高血压药及周围血管扩张剂一般药物包括盐酸妥拉苏林、酚苄明、哌唑嗪、氢化麦角碱和利血平。
③5-羟色胺拮抗剂凯他色林可拮抗5-羟色胺的缩血管及血小板凝集作用。
④中药治疗 以髓入手，全身治疗，使病症开始好转，人体恢复正常生理机能。
本发明所涉及药材均可见记载于《中华本草》。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种用于治疗雷诺病的药物，通过选择合适的药材及其配比，达到安全有效治愈雷诺病的目的。
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种用于治疗雷诺病的药物，其特征在于，它是由以下重量配比的原料药材制备而成：桂皮9份、枸骨叶6份、补骨脂10份、火麻仁12份、金铃子6份、千叶曼陀罗花1份、珍珠透骨草12份、荜茇梨2份。
下面结合中药学理论说明本发明有益效果：
发明人认为，雷诺病病因主要与外界气候寒冷，气血失和，脏腑功能失调有关，其病机主要如下。气虚血涩：先天禀赋不足，以致脏腑气血生化功能虚衰，气虚难以运血，致血脉流行不畅，络道阻滞，指（趾）肌肤失于气血温煦、濡养而麻木，皮色变苍白，指（趾）端发凉。脾肾阳虚：素体阳虚，或久病耗气伤阳，或寒邪久踞，或泄泻日久，以致脾肾阳虚，脾阳虚则水谷精微化生无力，难以充养肾阳。肾阳衰则不能上腾温煦脾阳，而致四肢清冷，指（趾）皮色白如蜡状，形寒，每遇外界寒冷而使症状加剧。气滞血瘀：情绪激动或恼怒恚愤、精神紧张等，使气机逆乱，肝气郁滞，疏泄失司，血行不畅，阳气不能通达四肢，或长期吸姻，岁 或感受外邪，致肢端络脉含氧量降低，寒凝络脉，阳气无力推动血液，气血凝滞，不能温养四末，而成本病。邪久化热：病情迁延日久，或失治、误治，以至病久侵人络脉，壅踞阻滞，久蕴郁而化热，或过食辛辣炙赙，嗜烟酒，或房劳过度，复遇外邪，以致邪热搏结阻隔经脉，气血瘀塞致肢端局部组织缺血坏死。故治疗则采取温阳散寒，宣通血脉，疏肝理气，活血化瘀。
本发明运用：桂皮发汗解肌，温通经脉，助阳化气，平冲降气；补骨脂补肾助阳；枸骨叶养阴，平肝，益肾；火麻仁利水通淋，活血；金铃子疏肝行气；千叶曼陀罗花解痉止搐；珍珠透骨草舒筋活血；荜茇梨温中散寒。诸药合用，达到温阳散寒，宣通血脉，疏肝理气，活血化瘀的功效。
下面结合临床实验数据说明本发明的有益效果：
1、一般资料
发明人2012年1月-2015年1月间共收集70例雷诺病患者。随机分为：治疗组35例，对照组35例。其中治疗组男1例、女34例，年龄20～60岁，病程3～20年；对照组男2例、女33例，年龄22～61岁间，病程3～21年。两组性别、年龄、病程等资料无显著性差异，具有可比性。
诊断标准
①发作由寒冷或情绪激动所诱发。
②两侧对称性发作。
③无坏死或只有很小的指（趾）端皮肤的坏死。
④排除任何器质性疾病所致的“雷诺现象”。
⑤症状持续发生在2年以上。
纳入标准①符合诊断标准；② 年龄18～70岁；③依从性好；④自愿签署知情同意书。
排除标准①妊娠、哺乳期妇女；②患有严重心、肺、肝、肾脏疾病患者；③有精神系统疾病，不能配合治疗者；④发病后经其他药物治疗的患者。
2、治疗方法
治疗组口服本发明按照具体实施例3制得的胶囊，每日3次。治疗2个月。
对照组口服尼莫地平片，每次40mg，每日2次。治疗2个月。
3、疗效标准与治疗结果
3.1疗效标准
①痊愈：临床症状与体征消失，指（趾）肤色恢复正常，肤温如常，握拳或冷水试验均为阴性；
②有效：临床症状、体征、发作次数及病情程度较前减少或减轻，握拳或冷水试验较前改善；
③无效：治疗后临床症状及体征稍见好转或无改善，握拳及冷水试验仍为阳性。
3.2治疗统计结果见表1。
表1 两组疗效比较
| 组别 | n | 痊愈 | 有效 | 无效 | 总有效率(%) | 明显不良反应例 |
| 治疗组 | 35 | 22 | 11 | 2 | 94% | 0 |
| 对照组 | 35 | 18 | 10 | 7 | 80% | 0 |
可见，本发明制得的药物能够安全有效治疗雷诺病，治愈率高。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解和实施本发明，下面结合具体实施例进一步说明本发明。
实施例1
称取：桂皮9克、枸骨叶6克、补骨脂10克、火麻仁12克、金铃子6克、千叶曼陀罗花1克、珍珠透骨草12克、荜茇梨2克；加8倍量水，煎煮1.5小时，过滤；滤渣加6倍量水，煎煮1小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩至120克，即得符合正常成人一天用量的煎剂。
用于治疗雷诺病。口服，每日服用一次。
实施例2
称取：桂皮9克、枸骨叶6克、补骨脂10克、火麻仁12克、金铃子6克、千叶曼陀罗花1克、珍珠透骨草12克、荜茇梨2克；加10倍量水，煎煮2小时，过滤；滤渣加8倍量水，煎煮1.5小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩，干燥，包装，即得符合正常成人一天用量的散剂。
用于治疗雷诺病。口服，每日分早晚两次服用。
实施例3
称取：桂皮9克、枸骨叶6克、补骨脂10克、火麻仁12克、金铃子6克、千叶曼陀罗花1克、珍珠透骨草12克、荜茇梨2克；加6倍量水，煎煮3次，每次煎煮1小时，合并煎煮液，浓缩，干燥，装入胶囊壳，即得符合正常成人一天用量的胶囊剂。
用于治疗雷诺病。口服，每日分早中晚三次服用。
Claims (4)
1.一种用于治疗雷诺病的药物，其特征在于，它是由以下重量配比的原料药材制备而成：桂皮9份、枸骨叶6份、补骨脂10份、火麻仁12份、金铃子6份、千叶曼陀罗花1份、珍珠透骨草12份、荜茇梨2份。
2.如权利要求1所述的用于治疗雷诺病的药物，其特征在于，其制备方法为：称取：桂皮9份、枸骨叶6份、补骨脂10份、火麻仁12份、金铃子6份、千叶曼陀罗花1份、珍珠透骨草12份、荜茇梨2份；加8倍量水，煎煮1.5小时，过滤；滤渣加6倍量水，煎煮1小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩至120份，即得煎剂；上述份均是指重量份。
3.如权利要求1所述的用于治疗雷诺病的药物，其特征在于，其制备方法为：称取：桂皮9份、枸骨叶6份、补骨脂10份、火麻仁12份、金铃子6份、千叶曼陀罗花1份、珍珠透骨草12份、荜茇梨2份；加10倍量水，煎煮2小时，过滤；滤渣加8倍量水，煎煮1.5小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩，干燥，包装，即得散剂；上述份均是指重量份。
4.如权利要求1所述的用于治疗雷诺病的药物，其特征在于，其制备方法为：称取：桂皮9份、枸骨叶6份、补骨脂10份、火麻仁12份、金铃子6份、千叶曼陀罗花1份、珍珠透骨草12份、荜茇梨2份；加6倍量水，煎煮3次，每次煎煮1小时，合并煎煮液，浓缩，干燥，装入胶囊壳，即得胶囊剂；上述份均是指重量份。
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| CN103565986A (zh) * | 2013-11-12 | 2014-02-12 | 广州市云桥生物科技有限公司 | 一种用于治疗雷诺病的中药有效部位组合物及其制备方法 |
| CN104721267A (zh) * | 2013-12-18 | 2015-06-24 | 黄振宝 | 一种治疗雷诺病的中药组合物 |
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| CN103550723A (zh) * | 2013-11-18 | 2014-02-05 | 王丽云 | 一种治疗雷诺氏病的中药制剂 |
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