CN106171266B - A kind of multi-functional drawer formula ceding of Taiwan for grain combine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a multifunctional drawer header for a grain combine harvester. The left and right sides of the header are respectively equipped with a drawer rear end and a drawer front end. The left and right ends of the conveying device are respectively connected to the left and right drawer rear ends; The upper part is connected with a grain dividing device; the drawer rear end and the drawer front end form a drawer connection through the inner drawer slide rail and the outer drawer slide rail, and the extension and retraction of the left and right drawer front ends are controlled by the header depth adjustment hydraulic cylinder . The rear ends of the left and right reel frames are rotatably connected to the shell of the header; the left and right ends of the eccentric reel are respectively connected to the left and right reel frames, and the hydraulic cylinder and the vertical position of the reel are adjusted through the horizontal position of the reel. The vertical position adjustment hydraulic cylinder adjusts the position of the eccentric reel. The invention can meet the harvesting requirements of crops of different types and heights, realize fast switching of various crop harvesting modes, reduce harvesting losses, and significantly increase the utilization rate of headers.

Description

A Multifunctional Drawer Header for Grain Combine Harvester

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a multifunctional drawer-type header for a grain combine harvester.

Background technique

In recent years, with the continuous increase of the country's investment in agricultural production, most of my country's main food crops such as corn, wheat, and rice have achieved mechanized harvesting, but the penetration rate of mechanized harvesting of soybeans and rapeseed is low. The main reason is that domestic Advanced soybean and rapeseed combine harvesters have single functions, low product utilization, low efficiency, few varieties, small selection options, and poor economic benefits. However, when soybeans and rapeseed are harvested by ordinary rice and wheat combine harvesters, due to the different growth forms of crops, large harvest losses will occur, and most of the losses are caused by poor adaptability of headers. Grain multifunctional headers can harvest various crops such as wheat, rice, soybeans, and rapeseed to meet the needs of users. However, some existing multifunctional headers have complex structures and the process of adjusting different crop harvesting modes is time-consuming and labor-intensive. , Harvesting losses and other shortcomings, so that the application of multifunctional header is greatly restricted.

The header is an important part of the combine harvester. It is located in front of the combine harvester and is used for cutting, collecting and conveying grain. It is the first operation link of the combine harvester. It is an extremely important link that affects the harvest loss rate. The loss of ordinary multi-functional headers may occur in various links such as dividing, cutting, reeling and conveying when interacting with crops. Among them, in the stage of grain division, the forms of involvement among various crops are different. For example, the involvement of rapeseed plants is very serious, and forcible division of grain will cause large losses; Cutting height to avoid missed cuts; in the reeling link, various crops have different heights and shattering characteristics, and the corresponding reeling position and reeling force should be within an appropriate range; in the transportation link, due to the growth density of different crops, cutting After the length is different, the conveying speed should be changed accordingly. Therefore, the functions to be realized by the multifunctional header are complicated, and the corresponding structural forms and adjustment processes are also relatively complicated. There are few complete studies on this, and there are few corresponding inventions. Generally speaking, the existing grain combine harvester headers have problems such as single function, large harvest loss, and complicated switching between different harvesting modes.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the invention provides a multifunctional drawer header for a grain combine harvester.

A multifunctional drawer-type header for grain combine harvesters, including a grain dividing device, a cutting device, an eccentric reel, a conveying device and a baffle, and drawer-type rear ends are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the header 1 and drawer-type front end 3, inner drawer-type slide rails 2 are respectively provided on the left and right drawer-type rear ends 1, and outer drawer-type slide rails 14 are respectively provided on the left and right drawer-type front ends 3 corresponding to the inner drawer-type slide rails 2 , the left and right drawer front ends 3 form a drawer sliding connection with the drawer rear end 1 of the corresponding side through the inner drawer slide rail 2 and the outer drawer slide rail 14 respectively; The drawer front end 3 is connected to control the stretching and retraction of the left and right drawer front ends 3; thereby realizing the change of the area of the drawer header to adapt to the harvesting of crops of different lengths; the left and right ends of the conveying device are respectively connected to the The left and right drawer rear ends 1 are connected; the left and right ends of the cutting device are respectively connected to the left and right drawer front ends 3, and the front ends of the drawer front ends 3 on one side or both sides are connected with a grain dividing device;

Above the left and right sides of the header, there are respectively provided with a reel frame 7, and the rear ends of the left and right reel frames 7 are connected to the housing of the header through rotating shafts; The left and right reel frames 7 are connected and can slide back and forth along the left and right reel frames 7; the left and right reel frames 7 are respectively provided with a hydraulic cylinder 6 for adjusting the horizontal position of the reel, and a hydraulic cylinder for adjusting the horizontal position of the left and right reels The piston rods of 6 are respectively connected to the left and right ends of the eccentric reel to adjust the horizontal position of the eccentric reel; under the left and right reel frames 7 are respectively equipped with hydraulic cylinders for adjusting the vertical position of the reel 5. The piston rods of the left and right reel vertical position adjustment hydraulic cylinders 5 are respectively connected with the left and right reel frames 7 to adjust the vertical position of the eccentric reel.

The grain dividing device adopts a simple grain dividing device 13 and/or a side vertical grain dividing device 8;

Described simple grain dividing device 13, its front end lower side has a tip, is connected with trapezoidal grain sliding board behind the tip, and the upper surface of described tip and trapezoidal sliding grain board is arc surface; The rear end is connected with a grain dividing rod, which extends along the oblique rear direction.

The grain dividing device is connected with the drawer front end 3 through a fast fastening device 4, which can be quickly replaced to adapt to the grain dividing of crops with different grain dividing requirements.

Described drawer type header also comprises profiling slide plate 16, and the fixed end of described profiling slide plate 16 is connected with header base plate, and free end is apart from ground 5cm; Described profiling slide plate 16 is connected with pressure sensor; The sliding plate 16 feels the undulation of the ground, and the pressure sensor detects the pressure signal and transmits it to the header lifting hydraulic cylinder to control the lifting of the header, so as to adapt to the cutting of crops with low cutting requirements.

The eccentric reel, cutting device and conveying device are powered by independent hydraulic motors, and the output speed of each hydraulic motor is adjusted in real time by the corresponding flow valve, so that each working part can be adjusted in real time according to the operation situation.

If the described grain dividing device adopts the side vertical grain dividing device 8, then the side vertical grain dividing device 8 is powered by an independent hydraulic motor, and the independent hydraulic motor can adjust the output speed in real time by the corresponding flow valve, so that it can The side vertical grain dividing device 8 is adjusted in real time according to the operation situation.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The present invention has wide applicability and can meet the harvesting of crops of different types and heights such as wheat, rice, soybeans, rapeseed, etc., and realizes rapid switching of various crop harvesting modes, and the adjustment process is simple and fast, and at the same time reduces harvesting losses. The header utilization rate is significantly improved.

2. In the present invention, the cutting device, the dividing device, its transmission device and the adjustment device are all installed on the front end of the drawer, and the whole can be extended or retracted during the adjustment process, so as to avoid coupling with the positional relationship and transmission relationship of other components. The overall structure is stable and reliable, and the operation is simple.

3. The reeling device, cutting device and conveying device are powered by independent hydraulic motors. If the grain dividing device adopts the side vertical grain dividing device, it also uses the corresponding independent hydraulic motor to provide power, and the corresponding flow valve is controlled in real time. The output speed of each hydraulic motor and the working speed of each component can be adjusted in real time according to the operation situation, which can meet the different harvesting needs of most crops.

4. The present invention solves the problems of the single function of the header of the existing domestic grain combine harvester, large harvest loss, complicated switching of different harvesting modes, and the like.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of overall structural diagram of the multifunctional drawer type header that is used for grain combine harvester;

Fig. 2 is a partial structural diagram of a multifunctional drawer header for a grain combine harvester.

Label description:

1 drawer rear 9 cutting unit

2 Inner drawer slides 10 Eccentric reel

3-drawer front 11 conveyor

4 Quick fastening device 12 Bezel

5 Hydraulic cylinder for adjusting the vertical position of the reel 13 Simple grain dividing device

6 Hydraulic cylinder for adjusting the horizontal position of the reel 14 Outer drawer slide rail

7 Reel frame 15 Header depth adjustment hydraulic cylinder

8 Side vertical grain dividing device 16 Copying slide plate

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be emphasized that the following description is only exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the invention and its application.

As shown in Figure 1, a kind of multi-functional drawer type header for grain combine harvester comprises grain dividing device, cutting device 9, eccentric type grain reel 10, conveying device 11 and baffle plate 12, as improvement, in cutting The left and right sides of the table are respectively provided with a drawer-type rear end 1 and a drawer-type front end 3, and the left and right drawer-type rear ends 1 are respectively provided with an inner drawer-type slide rail 2, and the left and right drawer-type front ends 3 are respectively provided with an outer drawer-type slide rail. The slide rail 14 corresponds to the inner drawer slide rail 2, and the left and right drawer front ends 3 respectively form a drawer sliding connection with the drawer rear end 1 on the corresponding side through the inner drawer slide rail 2 and the outer drawer slide rail 14; as shown in the figure As shown in 2, the piston rods of the left and right header depth adjustment hydraulic cylinders 15 are respectively connected with the left and right drawer front ends 3 to control the extension and retraction of the left and right drawer front ends 3; The left and right drawer rear ends 1 are connected; the left and right ends of the cutting device 9 are respectively connected with the left and right drawer front ends 3 .

Above the left and right sides of the header, there are respectively provided with a reel frame 7, and the rear ends of the left and right reel frames 7 are connected to the housing of the header through a rotating shaft to form a rotational connection; The two ends are respectively connected with the left and right reel frames 7, and can slide back and forth along the left and right reel frames 7; The piston rods of the position adjustment hydraulic cylinder 6 are respectively connected to the left and right ends of the eccentric reel 10 to adjust the horizontal position of the eccentric reel 10; Vertical position adjustment hydraulic cylinder 5, the piston rods of the left and right reel vertical position adjustment hydraulic cylinders 5 are respectively connected with the left and right reel frames 7 to adjust the vertical position of the eccentric reel 10.

Normally, this header adopts a unilateral grain dividing device. When it is necessary to clear the road, the grain dividing devices can be installed on the left and right sides of the header. The grain dividing device can be connected with the drawer front end 3 through a quick fastening device 4 .

For harvesting crops such as wheat and rice, the simple and easy grain dividing device 13 can be used for the grain dividing device; the simple and easy grain dividing device 13 has a tip on the lower side of its front end, and is connected with a trapezoidal sliding grain plate behind the tip. The tip part and the upper surface of the trapezoidal grain-sliding board are arc surfaces; a grain-splitting rod is connected to the rear end of the trapezoidal-shaped grain-sliding board, and extends along the oblique rear direction. For harvesting crops such as rapeseed and other branches that are seriously involved, the grain dividing device adopts the side vertical grain dividing device 8 to improve the grain dividing effect.

This cutting platform also comprises profiling slide plate 16, and described profiling slide plate 16 is L shape, and the vertical arm of profiling slide plate 16 is connected with header base plate, and horizontal arm is apart from ground 5cm; Described profiling slide plate 16 is connected with pressure sensor , the pressure sensor is connected with the header lifting hydraulic cylinder. During the operation, the profiling slide 16 senses the undulation of the ground, and the pressure sensor detects the pressure signal and transmits it to the header lifting hydraulic cylinder to control the lifting of the header, so as to adapt to the cutting of crops with low cutting requirements.

The working principle of this header:

Configure the header on the combine harvester, adjust the angle of the header according to the stubble requirements of the crops; adjust the depth of the header according to the length of the cut crops, adjust the hydraulic cylinder 15, and push the drawer front end 3 along the drawer slide rail 2. Stretch out or retract, and the crop dividing device and cutting device 9 extend or retract accordingly; the depth of the header can be adjusted within the range of 550mm to 850mm. Control the hydraulic cylinder 5 for adjusting the vertical position of the reel and the hydraulic cylinder 6 for adjusting the horizontal position of the reel according to the height of the crops, and adjust the eccentric reel 10 to a suitable position; the height of the eccentric reel 10 can be 800 mm to 1300 mm adjustment within the range. The profiling slide 16 senses the undulation of the ground, and transmits the signal to the header lifting hydraulic cylinder through the pressure sensor, and the header lifting hydraulic cylinder controls the lifting of the header, so that the header can be raised and lowered according to the terrain, flexibly adapting to low and low conditions. Cutting requires cutting of crops. During the working process, the side vertical grain dividing device 8, the eccentric reel 10, the cutting device 9 and the conveying device 11 are powered by their independent hydraulic motors, and the eccentric reel 10 and the conveying device 11 receive power directly , the side vertical grain dividing device 8 receives the power provided by the independent hydraulic motor through the crank linkage mechanism, and the cutting device 9 receives the power provided by the independent hydraulic motor through the swing ring box. The output speed of each hydraulic motor is adjusted in real time by the corresponding flow valve, so that each working part can be adjusted in real time according to the operation situation.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be Modifications or equivalent replacements of the technical solutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention shall be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A multifunctional drawer-type header for a grain combine harvester, comprising a grain dividing device, a cutting device, an eccentric reel, a conveying device and a baffle plate, is characterized in that, on the left and right sides of the header, respectively There are drawer-type rear ends (1) and drawer-type front ends (3), and the left and right drawer-type rear ends (1) are respectively provided with inner drawer-type slide rails (2), and the left and right drawer-type front ends (3) are respectively provided with There are outer drawer slide rails (14) corresponding to the inner drawer slide rails (2), and the left and right drawer front ends (3) connect to the corresponding side drawer slide rails (2) and outer drawer slide rails (14) respectively. The drawer-type rear end (1) forms a drawer-type sliding connection; the piston rods of the left and right header depth adjustment hydraulic cylinders (15) are respectively connected with the left and right drawer-type front ends (3) to control the extension of the left and right drawer-type front ends (3). out and retract; the left and right ends of the conveying device are respectively connected to the left and right drawer rear ends (1); the left and right ends of the cutting device are respectively connected to the left and right drawer front ends (3), on one or both sides The front end of the drawer type front end (3) is connected with a grain dividing device; Above the left and right sides of the header, reel frames (7) are respectively provided, and the rear ends of the left and right reel frames (7) are connected to the shell of the header through rotating shafts; The two ends are respectively connected with the left and right reel frames (7), and can slide forward and backward along the left and right reel frames (7); the horizontal position adjustment hydraulic cylinders ( 6), the piston rods of the left and right reel horizontal position adjustment hydraulic cylinders (6) are respectively connected to the left and right ends of the eccentric reel to adjust the horizontal position of the eccentric reel; The bottom of 7) is respectively equipped with a hydraulic cylinder (5) for adjusting the vertical position of the reel, and the piston rods of the hydraulic cylinder (5) for adjusting the vertical position of the left and right reels are respectively connected with the left and right reel frames (7) for Adjusts the vertical position of the eccentric reel. 2. According to claim 1, a kind of multi-functional drawer type header for grain combine harvester is characterized in that, said grain dividing device adopts simple grain dividing device (13) and/or side vertical grain dividing device(8); The simple and easy grain dividing device (13) has a tip on the lower side of its front end, and is connected with a trapezoidal grain sliding plate behind the tip, and the upper surface of the tip and the trapezoidal grain sliding plate is an arc surface; The rear end of the board is connected with a grain dividing rod, and extends along the oblique rear direction. 3. A multifunctional drawer-type header for a grain combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the grain dividing device is connected to the drawer-type front end (3) through a quick fastening device (4). 4. A kind of multifunctional drawer type header for grain combine harvester according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises profiling slide plate (16), and the fixed end of described profiling slide plate (16) and mower The bottom plate of the table is connected, and the free end is 5cm away from the ground; the profiling slide (16) is connected with the pressure sensor; during the operation, the profiling slide (16) feels the undulation of the ground, and the pressure sensor detects the pressure signal and transmits it to the header lifting hydraulic pressure. The cylinder controls the lifting of the header. 5. A kind of multi-functional drawer type header for grain combine harvester according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described eccentric type grain reel, cutting device and delivery device are powered by independent hydraulic motors respectively, The output speed of each hydraulic motor is adjusted in real time by the corresponding flow valve, so that each working part can be adjusted in real time according to the operation situation. 6. A kind of multifunctional drawer type header for grain combine harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that, said side vertical grain dividing device (8) is powered by an independent hydraulic motor, and the independent hydraulic motor The output speed of the hydraulic motor is adjusted in real time by the corresponding flow valve, so that the side vertical grain dividing device (8) can be adjusted in real time according to the operation situation.