CN106166205A - 治疗颈肩腰腿痛的中药组合物、制备方法及其中药制剂 - Google Patents
治疗颈肩腰腿痛的中药组合物、制备方法及其中药制剂 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种治疗颈肩腰腿痛的中药组合物及其制备方法,属于中药制剂技术领域。一种治疗颈肩腰腿痛的中药组合物,由川羌活、透骨草、海桐皮、荆芥、防风、毛茛、黄柏、黄连、血竭、三七、铜绿、红花、鸭蛋子、青蒿、白鲜皮和薄荷油制成。本发明中药组合物协同配合,活血化瘀,温经散寒,消肿止痛,舒筋通络,配合天灸疗法,使药物成分快速抵达病变深层,加速血液循环,共奏温经通络、行气活血、消肿止痛之功效,充分调动人体机能,增强人体免疫力,以预防和彻底治疗颈肩腰腿痛。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药制剂技术领域,具体涉及一种治疗颈肩腰腿痛的中药组合物、制备方法及其中药制剂。
背景技术
颈肩腰腿痛多发于中老年群体,其致病因较多,如肩周炎、颈椎病、腰椎间盘突出等临床常见疾病均会引起不同程度的颈肩腰腿痛。颈肩腰腿痛属中医“伤筋”、“痛痹”、“骨痹”范畴。内因与外因是两大主因,内因多为年老体弱,肝肾亏虚,或外伤后损伤经络,气滞血瘀,外因为风寒湿邪侵入,阻滞经络。中老年人由于长期劳累,脏腑机能衰退,表现为气血亏虚,卫外不固,若长期劳力过度,用力不平衡,损伤肢体肌肉、筋膜、韧带、关节,复感风寒湿邪,致局部脉络痹阻,气滞血瘀,不通、不荣则痛。
中医治疗本病有多种疗法,除中药常规治疗之外,中药离子导入、针灸、推拿等外治疗法的疗效逐渐被认可,而与现代科学技术结合的新型疗法,如超声波等,也在本病的治疗方面起到了一定作用。天灸是中医学传统外治疗法的一种,即于人体体表敷贴药物,使局部皮肤充血、潮红或起泡,通过药物、腧穴及经络的作用,达到防治疾病的目的。天灸疗法已广泛应用于多个系统慢性疾病的治疗,目前,已有许多学者对天灸疗法的作用进行研究和机理探讨,除了呼吸系统和消化系统疾病的报道外,也用痹证、痛症的研究报道,例如:谢红亮等(谢红亮,陈尚杰,许琼瑜,等.三伏天灸治疗神经根型颈椎病的临床研究[J].中华中医药学刊,2010,28(10):2157-2159)采用三伏天灸治疗神经根型颈椎病有效率为91.67%。临床上选用具有较强的辛散走窜之性的中药,对穴位产生较强刺激,借助穴位的特殊功能,直接作用于关节及其周围软组织,去除“皮里膜外”之寒、湿、瘀诸邪,以达到祛风通络、活血化瘀之功效。申请号为200710084831的专利公开了一种医治颈肩腰腿痛的灸疗药物,该药物是由下列组分组成的,急性子、生川乌、生草乌、生南星、生半夏、细辛、雪上一枝蒿、花椒、徐长卿、白芷、五倍子、入地金牛、当归、川芎、桃仁、红花、威灵仙、白芍、秦艽、香附、雷公藤各等份,加上述药物总重量10%的薄荷冰、10%的冰片、0.5%的黄芥子,粉碎为200目细粉,封包。采用该发明药物组合医治颈肩腰腿痛病,疗效显着,采用上述多种药物混合配伍水浸后对病灶进行灸疗的方式,开创了中医灸疗医治颈肩腰腿痛病的新途径,且疗程较短、见效快。
天灸疗法作为中华瑰宝之一,尽管现有诸多研究表明其在治疗颈肩腰腿痛病方面具有较好的疗效,但是其还未发挥出真正的价值,尤其是对颈肩腰腿痛的治疗效果方面还有待进一步提高。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种中药组合物,采用天灸疗法,能够显著缓解、消除或改善由颈肩腰腿痛引起的一系列不适病症,从根源上改善患者体质,提高人体免疫力,从而根治颈肩腰腿痛,远期疗效显著。
为实现上述目的,本发明所采用的技术方案是:
一种治疗颈肩腰腿痛的中药组合物,由如下重量份的原料制成:川羌活5~15份、透骨草5~15份、海桐皮5~15份、荆芥5~15份、防风5~15份、毛茛10~20份、黄柏5~12份、黄连10~15份、血竭5~15份、三七1~7份、铜绿1~5份、红花5~15份、鸭蛋子3~10份、青蒿3~12份、白鲜皮1~5份、薄荷油5~15份。
优选地,所述治疗颈肩腰腿痛的中药组合物,由如下重量份的原料制成:川羌活12~15份、透骨草8~12份、海桐皮8~12份、荆芥8~12份、防风8~12份、毛茛12~15份、黄柏6~10份、黄连10~12份、血竭10~15份、三七2~5份、铜绿3~5份、红花10~15份、鸭蛋子5~8份、青蒿6~10份、白鲜皮2~4份、薄荷油8~12份。
优选地,所述治疗颈肩腰腿痛的中药组合物,由如下重量份的原料制成:川羌活12份、透骨草10份、海桐皮10份、荆芥10份、防风10份、毛茛15份、黄柏8份、黄连10份、血竭12份、三七4份、铜绿4份、红花12份、鸭蛋子6份、青蒿8份、白鲜皮3份、薄荷油10份。
一种上述治疗颈肩腰腿痛的中药组合物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤S1:分别称取荆芥、防风、黄柏、黄连、血竭、三七、铜绿、红花、鸭蛋子、青蒿、白鲜皮、川羌活、透骨草和海桐皮,混合,加水煎煮,加水的体积与所述中药组合物的质量以20~30ml:1g进行计量;
步骤S2:首先武火煎煮10~20分钟,然后文火煎煮30~50分钟,趁热过滤,得到煎液;
步骤S3:将所得煎液进行减压浓缩,温度为50~80℃,压力为5~10kPa,得到浸膏,所述浸膏的相对密度为1.3~1.5;
步骤S4:将毛茛捣成糊状,加入薄荷油,与所述浸膏混合均匀,得到膏体。
一种上述治疗颈肩腰腿痛的中药组合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤S1:分别称取荆芥、防风、毛茛、黄柏、黄连、血竭、三七、铜绿、红花、鸭蛋子、青蒿、白鲜皮、薄荷油、川羌活、透骨草和海桐皮,混合,加水煎煮,加水的体积与所述中药组合物的质量以15~25ml:1g进行计量;
步骤S2:首先武火煎煮10~15分钟,然后文火煎煮30~40分钟,趁热过滤,得到煎液;
步骤S3:将所得煎液进行减压浓缩,温度为55~65℃,压力为5~6kPa,得到浸膏,所述浸膏的相对密度为1.1~1.3;
步骤S4:将所述浸膏进行真空干燥,粉碎,得到粉体。
一种治疗颈肩腰腿痛的中药制剂,以上述中药组合物为有效成分,制备成水剂、膏剂、粉剂或片剂。
优选地,所述治疗颈肩腰腿痛的中药组合物,还包括以下重量份的原料Ⅱ:薏苡仁8~12份、艾芽8~12份、山药8~12份、郁金8~12份、白术8~12份、茯苓8~12份。
优选地,所述原料Ⅱ通过下述方法进行制备,具体为:分别称取薏苡仁8~12g、艾芽8~12g、山药8~12g、郁金8~12g、白术8~12g和茯苓8~12g,混合加水,每克所述原料加水10~12ml,添加姜片5g,微波加热,提取2~3次,每次提取1~2小时,合并提取液,过滤,滤液浓缩至70~80℃时相对密度为1.17~1.19的浸膏;在所述浸膏中加入体积分数为75~80%的乙醇溶液,静置20~24小时,再次过滤,滤液浓缩至75℃时相对密度为1.14~1.15的膏体;将所述膏体干燥,超微粉碎,得到超微粉。
荆芥:味辛,微温;归肺、肝经。主治解表散风,透疹。用于感冒,头痛,麻疹,风疹,疮疡初起。荆芥炮制方法为:除去杂质,喷淋清水,洗净,润透,切段,晒干。
防风:味辛、甘,温。归膀胱、肝、脾经。主治解表祛风,胜湿,止痉。具有镇痛、抗菌、解热等作用。
毛茛:为毛茛科植物毛茛的全草及根,又名天灸草、自灸草和毛芹草等,味辛,性温,有毒。外用可以刺激皮肤起泡。主治利湿,消肿,止痛,退翳,截疟,杀虫。用于胃痛,黄疸,疟疾,淋巴结结核,翼状胬肉、角膜云翳,灭蛆、杀孑孓。《本草纲目》曰“蓑乃草乌头之苗,俗名毛荃,似水荃而有毛也,采其叶揉按寸口部位,一夜即发泡如火燎,故呼为天灸或自灸。”又载“山人截疟,采叶按贴寸口,一夜作泡如火燎。
黄柏:为芸香科植物黄檗或黄皮树的树皮。味苦,寒;主治清热,燥湿,泻火,解毒。治热痢,泄泻,消渴,黄疸,痿躄,梦遗,淋浊,痔疮,便血,亦白带下,骨蒸劳热,目赤肿痛,口舌生疮,疮疡肿毒。黄柏中含有较多的小檗碱,能够有效抗菌。体外试验对金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎球菌、白喉杆菌、草绿色链球菌、痢疾杆菌(宋内氏除外)等均有效。
黄连:为毛茛科植物黄连、三角叶黄连或云连的干燥根茎。主治清热燥湿,泻火解毒。具有抗菌、抗感染、抗炎症等多种功效。与黄连复配使用,可以提高抗菌效果。
血竭:又名大血藤,为木通科植物大血藤的茎。主治活血通经,祛风除湿。据《中华本草》记载,血竭含大黄素,大黄素甲醚,β-谷甾醇,胡萝卜甙,硬脂酸,毛柳甙,右旋丁香树脂酚二葡萄糖甙等成分,对心血管具有一定的影响。
三七:为五加科植物三七的干燥根。主治散瘀止血,消肿定痛。用于咯血,吐血,衄血,便血,崩漏,外伤出血,胸腹剌痛,跌扑肿痛。药理作用研究表明,三七块根流浸膏能缩短家兔血液凝固时间,有止血作用;有增加冠状动脉血流量,减慢心率,减少心肌氧消耗的作用,并能对抗因脑垂体后叶素所致的血压升高、冠状动脉收缩的作用。
铜绿:为铜氧化生成的碱式碳酸铜或天然的孔雀石,主含碱式碳酸铜。味酸涩,平,有毒。主治退翳,去腐,敛疮,杀虫,吐风痰。治目翳,烂弦风眼,疽、痔恶疮,喉痹,牙疳,臁疮,顽癣,风痰卒中。铜绿与其他物质反应后变成铜离子,使细菌内蛋白质变性,从而使细菌体死亡。
红花:为菊科植物红花的干燥花。主治活血通经,去瘀止痛。治经闭,症瘕,难产,死胎,产后恶露不行、瘀血作痛,痈肿,跌扑损伤。
鸭蛋子:又名鸦胆子,为苦木科植物鸦胆子的果实。味苦;性寒;小毒。主治清热;解毒;杀虫;截疟。《医学衷中参西录》记载,鸦胆子,性善凉血止血,兼能化瘀生新。
青蒿:味苦、辛,寒。主治清热,解暑,除蒸。含有苦味质、挥发油和青蒿碱、维生素A。《中华本草》记载,青蒿水煎液对表皮葡萄球菌、卡他球菌、炭疽杆菌、白喉杆菌有较强的抑菌作用,对金黄色葡萄球菌、绿脓杆菌、痢疾杆菌、结核秆菌等也有一定的抑制作用。青蒿素还可以减慢心率,抑制心肌收缩力,降低冠脉流量。
白鲜皮:芸香科植物白鲜的干燥根皮。味苦;咸;寒。主治清热燥湿;祛风止痒;解毒。主风热湿毒所致的风疹;湿疹;疥癣;黄疸;湿热痹。
薄荷油:来源于薄荷的新鲜茎和叶,将薄荷茎、叶晒至半干,即可蒸馏,得薄荷油。薄荷油为淡草绿色液体或淡黄色的澄清液体,具有强烈的薄荷香气和清凉的微苦味。薄荷油中主成分为左旋薄荷醇含量62.3%-87.2%。可用作芳香药、调味药及驱风药。用于风热感冒,温病初起;肝郁气滞,胸闷胁痛;头痛目赤,咽喉肿痛等症。
川羌活:宽叶羌活的干燥根茎及根;性味辛、苦,温。归膀胱、肾经。主治散寒,祛风,除湿,止痛。用于风寒感冒头痛,风湿痹痛,肩背酸痛。
透骨草:为大戟科植物地构叶或凤仙花科植物凤仙的全草。炮制方法为拣净杂质,切段。性味辛;性温。主治祛风,除湿,舒筋,活血,止痛。治风湿痹痛,筋骨挛缩,寒湿脚气,疮癣肿毒。
海桐皮:别名刺桐、山芙蓉、空桐树;豆科乔木刺桐的树皮或根皮。性味苦,平。归肝、肾经。主治祛风湿,舒筋通络。用于风湿麻木,腰腿筋骨疼痛,跌打损伤;外用治各种顽癣。《本草分经》记载:海桐皮苦平,入血分,祛风去湿杀虫,能行经络达病所,治牙虫癣疥。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果如下:
1)本发明申请人对天灸疗法深有研究,并通过多年民间实践提出了一种能够治疗颈肩腰腿痛的天灸中药组合物。本发明以中医理论为指导,本着“治病求本”的原则,将内治外治的原理相互贯通,实现理论与实践的统一。本发明通过药物协同,改善患者体质,提高人体免疫能力,并结合天灸疗法的独特优势,反复研究施治药剂,使之与皮肤产生适度刺激,改善皮肤通透性,使药性从毛孔而入腠理,通经贯络,直达病灶,增强人体对疾病的抵抗能力,从而达到彻底治疗颈肩腰腿痛的目的。
2)本发明中药组合物协同配合,活血化瘀,温经散寒,消肿止痛,舒筋通络,配合天灸疗法,使药物成分快速抵达病变深层,加速血液循环。共奏温经通络、行气活血、消肿止痛之功效,充分调动人体机能,增强人体免疫力,以预防和彻底治疗颈肩腰腿痛。
3)本发明组方科学,配伍合理,诸药协同,标本兼治。而且,本发明的使用方法是将中药组合物涂/敷于皮肤表层或穴位,使其局部皮肤灼热、潮红,继之起泡,再结合天灸疗法,通过皮肤表面的毛孔扩张,加强药物分子的快速渗透,和/或通过穴位对药物的外敏性、放大性和储存性以及穴位的双向调节性,实现针刺与药物的协同效果,使药物分子能够直达病灶。中医认为,各种疾病的发生,都是由于致病因素作用于人体,导致人体阴阳、气血、脏腑、经络功能活动失常,造成机体内环境相对平衡状态的破坏所致。本发明中药组合物配合天灸能调整机体免疫功能和内在平衡,增强机体的抗病能力,从根本上改善颈肩腰腿痛的症状,起到事半功倍的效果。
4)本发明结合药物特性及用药特点,制备方法简单,易于操作,普适性广,所得药物疗效显著,易于制作成不同剂型的外用药。
5)本发明以薏苡仁、艾芽、山药、郁金、白术和茯苓作为口服制剂搭配天灸使用,口服制剂以超微粉的形式进行真空包装,使用时直接加水溶解即可,一袋超微粉10~12g,一次冲200ml直接口服。其中,薏苡仁、艾芽、山药、郁金、白术和茯苓配伍相宜,通过适当方法提取,口服具有健胃消食,平肝理气,调节免疫的作用,与天灸疗法配合,更有利于患者病情的快速恢复,达到标本兼治的目的。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解本发明,下面结合实施例进一步清楚阐述本发明的内容,但本发明的保护内容不仅仅局限于下面的实施例。在下文的描述中,给出了大量具体的细节以便提供对本发明更为彻底的理解。然而,对于本领域技术人员来说显而易见的是,本发明可以无需一个或多个这些细节而得以实施。
实施例1:一种治疗颈肩腰腿痛的中药组合物,由如下重量份配比的原料制成:荆芥10份、防风10份、毛茛15份、黄柏8份、黄连10份、血竭12份、三七4份、铜绿4份、红花12份、鸭蛋子6份、青蒿8份、白鲜皮3份、薄荷油10份、川羌活12份、透骨草10份、海桐皮10份。
实施例2:一种治疗颈肩腰腿痛的中药组合物,由如下重量份配比的原料制成:荆芥8份、防风8份、毛茛12份、黄柏6份、黄连12份、血竭10份、三七2份、铜绿3份、红花10份、鸭蛋子5份、青蒿6份、白鲜皮2份、薄荷油8份、川羌活14份、透骨草8份、海桐皮8份。
实施例3:一种治疗颈肩腰腿痛的中药组合物,由如下重量份配比的原料制成:荆芥12份、防风12份、毛茛14份、黄柏10份、黄连10份、血竭15份、三七5份、铜绿5份、红花15份、鸭蛋子8份、青蒿10份、白鲜皮4份、薄荷油12份、川羌活15份、透骨草12份、海桐皮12份。
实施例4:一种治疗颈肩腰腿痛的中药组合物,由如下重量份配比的原料制成:荆芥15份、防风15份、毛茛20份、黄柏12份、黄连15份、血竭8份、三七7份、铜绿2份、红花8份、鸭蛋子10份、青蒿12份、白鲜皮5份、薄荷油15份、川羌活10份、透骨草15份、海桐皮15份。
实施例5:一种治疗颈肩腰腿痛的中药组合物,由如下重量份配比的原料制成:荆芥5份、防风5份、毛茛10份、黄柏5份、黄连10份、血竭5份、三七1份、铜绿1份、红花5份、鸭蛋子3份、青蒿3份、白鲜皮1份、薄荷油5份、川羌活5、透骨草5份、海桐皮5份。
实施例6:一种治疗颈肩腰腿痛的中药组合物,由如下重量份配比的原料制成:荆芥10份、防风10份、毛茛15份、黄柏8份、黄连10份、血竭12份、三七4份、铜绿4份、红花12份、鸭蛋子6份、青蒿8份、白鲜皮3份、薄荷油10份、川羌活12份、透骨草10份、海桐皮10份、川芎8份。
本实施例增添川芎一味中药,川芎性温,味辛,归肝、胆、心包经,具有活血行气、祛风止痛之功,与血竭、三七、红花和鸭蛋子协同配伍,加强本方活血化瘀之功效,增强血液循环,补给营养,提高治疗效率。
实施例7:水剂的制备
水剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤S1:称取荆芥10g、防风10g、毛茛15g、黄柏8g、黄连10g、血竭12g、三七4g、铜绿4g、红花12g、鸭蛋子6g、青蒿8g、白鲜皮3g、薄荷油10g、川羌活12g、透骨草10g和海桐皮10g,混合,加水煎煮,加水的体积与所述中药组合物的质量以20ml:1g进行计量;
步骤S2:首先武火煎煮12分钟,然后文火煎煮35分钟,趁热过滤,得到煎液。
将所述煎液冷却,可作为水剂直接使用。将水剂无菌储存在喷雾瓶中,喷涂使用更方便。
实施例8:膏剂的制备
膏剂的制备方法包括如下步骤:
步骤S1:称取荆芥10g、防风10g、毛茛15g、黄柏8g、黄连10g、血竭12g、三七4g、铜绿4g、红花12g、鸭蛋子6g、青蒿8g、白鲜皮3g、薄荷油10g、川羌活12g、透骨草10g和海桐皮10g,混合,加水煎煮,加水的体积与所述中药组合物的质量以25ml:1g进行计量;
步骤S2:首先武火煎煮10分钟,然后文火煎煮40分钟,趁热过滤,得到煎液;
步骤S3:将所得煎液进行减压浓缩,温度为65℃,压力为5kPa,得到浸膏,所述浸膏的相对密度为1.1。
所得浸膏可作为膏剂直接使用。
实施例9:膏剂的制备
膏剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤S1:称取荆芥10g、防风12g、黄柏8g、黄连10g、血竭12g、三七4g、铜绿4g、红花12g、鸭蛋子6g、青蒿8g、白鲜皮3g、薄荷油5g、川羌活12g、透骨草10g和海桐皮10g,混合,加水煎煮,加水的体积与所述中药组合物的质量以25ml:1g进行计量;
步骤S2:首先武火煎煮15分钟,然后文火煎煮45分钟,趁热过滤,得到煎液。
步骤S3:将所得煎液进行减压浓缩,温度为70℃,压力为8kPa,得到浸膏,所述浸膏的相对密度为1.4;
步骤S4:称取毛茛15g捣成糊状,加入薄荷油5g,与所述浸膏混合均匀,得到膏体。
所得膏体则可作为膏剂直接使用。
实施例10:粉剂的制备
粉剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤S1:称取荆芥10g、防风12g、毛茛15g、黄柏8g、黄连10g、血竭12g、三七4g、铜绿4g、红花12g、鸭蛋子6g、青蒿8g、白鲜皮3g、薄荷油10g、川羌活12g、透骨草10g和海桐皮10g,混合,加水煎煮,加水的体积与所述中药组合物的质量以15ml:1g进行计量;
步骤S2:首先武火煎煮20分钟,然后文火煎煮30分钟,趁热过滤,得到煎液。
步骤S3:将所得煎液进行减压浓缩,温度为60℃,压力为6kPa,得到浸膏,所述浸膏的相对密度为1.3;
步骤S4:将所述浸膏进行真空干燥,粉碎,得到粉体。
所得粉体在使用时,需用无菌水或酒精稀释成溶液状,再进行涂抹。
实施例11:片剂的制备
片剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤S1~S3同实施例10;
步骤S4:将所述浸膏制成厚度为1~2毫米、直径为0.5~1厘米的片剂。
本发明的述及的一种中药制剂,以上述中药组合物为有效成分,制备成水剂、膏剂、粉剂或片剂,优选为水剂。
上述剂型并非对本发明可制备剂型的穷举,根据本发明及常规工艺,本领域技术人员可以将本发明的药物组合物通过与适宜的载体、赋形剂及稀释剂一同配制为适宜的剂型。所述的剂型还可以为丸剂、散剂、酊剂、混悬剂、乳剂或气雾剂的形式。所述的适宜的载体、赋形剂及稀释剂的实例为淀粉、蔗糖、乳糖、葡萄糖、明胶、山梨醇、甘露醇、硅酸钙、纤维素、甲基纤维素、微晶纤维素、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、水、羟苯甲酯、羟苯丙酯、滑石、硬脂酸镁和矿物油。所述的剂型中还可另外包括填充剂、抗凝集剂、崩解剂、助流剂、润湿剂、乳化剂、防腐剂等。
实施例12:口服制剂
本发明治疗颈肩腰腿痛的中药组合物,还包括以下重量份的原料Ⅱ:薏苡仁10g、艾芽10g、山药10g、郁金10g、白术10g和茯苓10g。
本实施例所述原料Ⅱ通过下述方法制备成口服制剂,具体为:分别称取薏苡仁10g、艾芽10g、山药10g、郁金10g、白术10g和茯苓10g,混合加水,每克原料加水10ml,添加姜片5g,微波加热,提取2次,每次提取1.5小时,合并提取液,过滤,滤液浓缩至75℃时相对密度为1.18的浸膏;在所述浸膏中加入体积分数为75%的乙醇溶液,静置24小时,再次过滤,滤液浓缩至75℃时相对密度为1.15的膏体;将所述膏体干燥,超微粉碎,得到超微粉。
将超微粉进行真空装袋,每袋装10~12g。使用时,一袋超微粉加200ml水溶解,即为口服制剂。
其中,薏苡仁有利水渗透湿,健脾止泻,除痹,排脓,解毒散结的作用。艾芽取自艾草的新鲜芽尖,采摘于清明节后15天内;具有苦燥 辛散,能够温经脉、理气血、止冷痛、逐寒湿等诸多功效。山药,具有滋养强壮,助消化,敛虚汗,止泻之功效。郁金,活血止痛,行气解郁,清心凉血,利胆退黄。白术,具有健脾益气,燥湿利水,止汗,安胎的功效。茯苓,具有利水渗湿,健脾,宁心之功效。姜片具有利胆、健胃止呕、辟腥臭、消水肿的作用,保健功效显著。上述药物同用,具有健胃消食,平肝理气,调节免疫的功效,采用适宜的制备方法将药物活性成分提取得更加充分。
本发明中,微波加热的功率优选为350~400W,加热温度为70~80℃,通过微波加热更有利于中药的渗透和提取。
是否需要使用口服制剂以患者自身症状进行辩证施治,并非所有患者都需要配合口服。当然对于症状严重的患者,口服更有利于其恢复自身机能,加快治疗效率。
实施例13
本发明治疗颈肩腰腿痛的中药组合物,还包括以下重量份的原料Ⅱ:薏苡仁12g、艾芽10g、山药10g、郁金8g、白术12g和茯苓10g。
本实施例所述原料Ⅱ通过下述方法制备成口服制剂,具体为:分别称取薏苡仁12g、艾芽10g、山药10g、郁金8g、白术12g和茯苓10g,混合加水,每克原料加水12ml,添加姜片5g,微波加热,提取3次,每次提取2小时,合并提取液,过滤,滤液浓缩至78℃时相对密度为1.19的浸膏;在所述浸膏中加入体积分数为80%的乙醇溶液,静置22小时,再次过滤,滤液浓缩至75℃时相对密度为1.14的膏体;将所述膏体干燥,超微粉碎,得到超微粉。
下面以实施例7制备的水剂为例说明本发明中药组合物的使用方法,具体包括如下步骤:
1)将水剂均匀喷涂在皮肤表层或穴位处,轻拍片刻,用无菌膜将涂抹部位包裹,进行固定;2)10~20分钟后,患者可以感觉到局部灼痛、蚁走感,皮肤潮红;3天内,患者皮肤逐渐起泡,待水泡内液体充盈、胀满时,使用天灸疗法,将上述水泡内液体吸出;3)灸疗结束后,对发泡部位进行适度消毒处理。
上述方法治疗一次为1个疗程,根据病情的严重程度,一周施诊1~2次,遵医嘱。
本发明天灸药剂以药物本身进行抗菌,防感染,与现有天灸药剂相比,不添加任何化学试剂,对皮肤无毒性,而且抗菌、防感染效果优异,无需担心发泡部位感染问题;本发明操作过程较现有方法更加简单,易于把控,甚至可以自行在家治疗。
天灸疗法使药物作用于皮肤表面产生的物理性刺激,进而刺激人体经络系统,引起交感神经反射弥散,使得经络脏腑机能的调节,起到治疗作用。长期实践表明,本发明通过刺澈体表的皮部并结合天炙药物的作用,从根源上治疗颈肩腰腿痛,疗效更彻底,疗程更短,效果优异。而且,经皮给药具有超越一般给药方法的独特优点,可以不经过肝脏的“首过效应”和胃肠道的破坏,且皮肤间层还有储存作用,使药物浓度曲线平缓,避免了峰谷现象,提供可预定的和较长的作用时间,维持稳定持久的血药浓度,毒性和不良反应小,使用方便,贴敷者可以自行给药和随时中止用药。
1、本发明中药组合物的疗效观察
观察病例:2014年1月~2016年1月期间完成相应治疗疗程的颈肩腰腿痛患者,直接致病因为:肩周炎55例,颈椎病35例,腰椎间盘突出30例,腰肌劳损25例,骨质增生20例,风湿性关节炎20例,老年骨性关节炎15例;可列入观察的共有200例。
治疗方法:方法Ⅰ:采用本发明水剂以天灸疗法进行治疗,每周1~2次,连续使用1个月。方法Ⅱ:采用本发明水剂以天灸疗法进行治疗,同方法Ⅰ;同时服用口服制剂,每次天灸疗法配合一副口服制剂200ml。将200例患者随机分成两组,采用方法Ⅰ治疗120例,采用方法Ⅱ治疗80例,两组之间无显著性差异。
疗效评价:治疗1个月后对患者进行随访,根据患者疼痛主观感受和日常活动情况进行疗效评价:①治愈:颈肩腰腿疼痛消失,日常工作、生活恢复正常;②显效:疼痛基本消失,疼痛间隔时间显著延长且持续较短,日常工作、生活基本恢复正常;③有效:较治疗前疼痛有所缓解,能进行简单、轻便日常活动;④无效:疼痛不变甚至加重,日常生活需要人帮助料理。其中,显效率=痊愈率+显效率,总有效率=治愈率+显效率+有效率。
统计结果:本发明在临床上取得了非常好的疗效,在200例颈肩腰腿痛患者中,采用方法Ⅰ治疗的120例患者中,痊愈110例,显效8例,显效率98.3%;有效2例,总有效率为100%。采用方法Ⅱ治疗的80例患者中,痊愈78例,显效2例,显效率100%。
上述对比可以看到,采用方法Ⅰ和方法Ⅱ治疗的总有效率均为100%,不同的是:采用治疗方法Ⅱ更有利于患者的痊愈,显效率稍高。此外,申请人对痊愈患者的治疗时间进行了比对,发现采用治疗方法Ⅱ进行治疗,患者的疗程可以缩短1~2个疗程的时间。
2、本发明所述中药组合物的临床观察
案例1:赵某,男,58岁,退休工人,患颈肩腰腿痛6年,直接致病因为:腰肌劳损、肩周炎和轻度腰间盘突出,口服中药、针灸及推拿均治疗2个月以上,但是效果不明显,经常反复。采用本发明所述中药组合物进行天灸疗法治疗1个月后,颈肩腰腿疼痛消失,日常工作、生活恢复正常。
案例2:李某,女,43岁,在职工人,患颈肩腰腿痛3年,直接致病因为:下肢麻木疼痛、颈椎病和腰肌劳损。采用本发明所述中药组合物进行天灸疗法治疗1个月后,颈肩腰腿疼痛消失,日常工作、生活恢复正常。
案例3:王某,女,36岁,在职工人,患颈肩腰腿痛6个月,直接致病因为:肩周炎。采用本发明所述中药组合物进行天灸疗法治疗2周后,相关症状消失,日常工作、生活恢复正常。
案例4:田某,男,67岁,退休军人,患颈肩腰腿痛9年,直接致病因为:老年骨性关节炎、腰肌劳损和颈椎病,期间治疗多年,效果不佳。采用本发明所述中药组合物进行天灸疗法治疗1个月后,疼痛基本消失,疼痛间隔时间显著延长且持续较短,日常工作、生活基本恢复正常。
上述案例仅为本发明部分施诊病例,情况属实,记载在本文中仅用于说明本发明的部分具体适应症,但是本发明并不局限于上述病例所反映的症状。本领域技术人员根据本文的内容结合常规知识将其用于其他疾病的治疗,也包含在本发明的保护范围内。
最后说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,本领域普通技术人员对本发明的技术方案所做的其他修改或者等同替换,只要不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围,均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。
Claims (8)
1.一种治疗颈肩腰腿痛的中药组合物,其特征在于:由如下重量份的原料制成:川羌活5~15份、透骨草5~15份、海桐皮5~15份、荆芥5~15份、防风5~15份、毛茛10~20份、黄柏5~12份、黄连10~15份、血竭5~15份、三七1~7份、铜绿1~5份、红花5~15份、鸭蛋子3~10份、青蒿3~12份、白鲜皮1~5份、薄荷油5~15份。
2.如权利要求1所述的治疗颈肩腰腿痛的中药组合物,其特征在于:由如下重量份的原料制成:川羌活12~15份、透骨草8~12份、海桐皮8~12份、荆芥8~12份、防风8~12份、毛茛12~15份、黄柏6~10份、黄连10~12份、血竭10~15份、三七2~5份、铜绿3~5份、红花10~15份、鸭蛋子5~8份、青蒿6~10份、白鲜皮2~4份、薄荷油8~12份。
3.如权利要求2所述的治疗颈肩腰腿痛的中药组合物,其特征在于:由如下重量份的原料制成:川羌活12份、透骨草10份、海桐皮10份、荆芥10份、防风10份、毛茛15份、黄柏8份、黄连10份、血竭12份、三七4份、铜绿4份、红花12份、鸭蛋子6份、青蒿8份、白鲜皮3份、薄荷油10份。
4.一种如权利要求1~3任一项所述的治疗颈肩腰腿痛的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
步骤S1:分别称取荆芥、防风、黄柏、黄连、血竭、三七、铜绿、红花、鸭蛋子、青蒿、白鲜皮、川羌活、透骨草和海桐皮,混合,加水煎煮,加水的体积与所述中药组合物的质量以20~30ml:1g进行计量;
步骤S2:首先武火煎煮10~20分钟,然后文火煎煮30~50分钟,趁热过滤,得到煎液;
步骤S3:将所得煎液进行减压浓缩,温度为50~80℃,压力为5~10kPa,得到浸膏,所述浸膏的相对密度为1.3~1.5;
步骤S4:将毛茛捣成糊状,加入薄荷油,与所述浸膏混合均匀,得到膏体。
5.一种如权利要求1~3任一项所述的治疗颈肩腰腿痛的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤S1:分别称取荆芥、防风、毛茛、黄柏、黄连、血竭、三七、铜绿、红花、鸭蛋子、青蒿、白鲜皮、薄荷油、川羌活、透骨草和海桐皮,混合,加水煎煮,加水的体积与所述中药组合物的质量以15~25ml:1g进行计量;
步骤S2:首先武火煎煮10~15分钟,然后文火煎煮30~40分钟,趁热过滤,得到煎液;
步骤S3:将所得煎液进行减压浓缩,温度为55~65℃,压力为5~6kPa,得到浸膏,所述浸膏的相对密度为1.1~1.3;
步骤S4:将所述浸膏进行真空干燥,粉碎,得到粉体。
6.一种治疗颈肩腰腿痛的中药制剂,其特征在于:以权利要求1~3任一项所述的治疗颈肩腰腿痛的中药组合物为有效成分,制成水剂、膏剂、粉剂或片剂。
7.如权利要求1~3任一项所述的治疗颈肩腰腿痛的中药组合物,其特征在于:还包括以下重量份的原料Ⅱ:薏苡仁8~12份、艾芽8~12份、山药8~12份、郁金8~12份、白术8~12份、茯苓8~12份。
8.如权利要求7所述的治疗颈肩腰腿痛的中药组合物,其特征在于:所述原料Ⅱ通过下述方法进行制备,具体为:分别称取薏苡仁8~12g、艾芽8~12g、山药8~12g、郁金8~12g、白术8~12g和茯苓8~12g,混合加水,每克所述原料加水10~12ml,添加姜片5g,微波加热,提取2~3次,每次提取1~2小时,合并提取液,过滤,滤液浓缩至70~80℃时相对密度为1.17~1.19的浸膏;在所述浸膏中加入体积分数为75~80%的乙醇溶液,静置20~24小时,再次过滤,滤液浓缩至75℃时相对密度为1.14~1.15的膏体;将所述膏体干燥,超微粉碎,得到超微粉。
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