CN106165624A - A kind of fish fry symbiosis intelligent ecological wall - Google Patents
A kind of fish fry symbiosis intelligent ecological wall Download PDFInfo
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- CN106165624A CN106165624A CN201610503457.3A CN201610503457A CN106165624A CN 106165624 A CN106165624 A CN 106165624A CN 201610503457 A CN201610503457 A CN 201610503457A CN 106165624 A CN106165624 A CN 106165624A
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- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 230000031068 symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 114
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 80
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/022—Pots for vertical horticulture
- A01G9/025—Containers and elements for greening walls
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
- A01G27/003—Control of self-acting watering devices
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
- A01G27/02—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots having a water reservoir, the main part thereof being located wholly around or directly beside the growth substrate
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/04—Flower-pot saucers
- A01G9/047—Channels or gutters, e.g. for hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/045—Filters for aquaria
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/06—Arrangements for heating or lighting in, or attached to, receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/065—Heating or cooling devices
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种鱼花共生智能生态墙，包括墙体、设置在墙体上的植物区、水景区、采光区、滴灌装置和智能控制装置；所述植物区包括安装在墙体上的多个植物种植盒；所述水景区包括内置有各种观赏鱼的鱼缸；所述滴灌装置包括水泵、第一过滤器、多根滴灌管、安装在滴灌管上的多只滴灌头、多根排水管和第二过滤器；所述采光区设置有多只灯；所述智能控制装置包括单片机、土壤湿度控制单元、采光控制单元、温度控制单元和PH控制单元、上位机和服务器。本发明的技术方案将室内植物观赏与景观鱼类观赏相结合，可以根据景观需要随时更换花草植物，能对鱼缸内的水温和花草植物进行智能化控制，不仅满足了人们的养鱼兴趣，提高了观赏性，同时也起到了空气净化和水资源循环利用的作用。
The invention discloses a fish-flower symbiosis intelligent ecological wall, which comprises a wall, a plant area arranged on the wall, a water scenic spot, a lighting area, a drip irrigation device and an intelligent control device; a plant planting box; the water scenic spot includes a built-in fish tank of various ornamental fish; the drip irrigation device includes a water pump, a first filter, a plurality of drip irrigation pipes, a plurality of drip irrigation heads installed on the drip irrigation pipes, and a plurality of drainage pipes and a second filter; the lighting area is provided with a plurality of lamps; the intelligent control device includes a single-chip microcomputer, a soil moisture control unit, a lighting control unit, a temperature control unit and a PH control unit, a host computer and a server. The technical scheme of the present invention combines indoor plant viewing with landscape fish viewing, can replace flowers and plants at any time according to landscape needs, and can intelligently control the water temperature and flowers and plants in the fish tank, which not only satisfies people's interest in fish farming, but also improves In addition to ornamental, it also plays the role of air purification and water recycling.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及室内外环境装饰领域，尤其涉及一种鱼花共生智能生态墙。The invention relates to the field of indoor and outdoor environment decoration, in particular to a fish-flower symbiosis intelligent ecological wall.
背景技术Background technique
近年来，随着我国社会经济的快速转型，城市病呈高发之势，引起了社会各界的广泛关注。家装污染、大气污染，雨水资源浪费等城市病成为城市生活中面临的急需解决的难题。针对室内外环境恶化，空气污染严重的情况，增加城市的绿化量不失为一个很好的解决途径。但是在寸土寸金的城市，常规绿化远远无法满足正常需求。垂直绿化却很好的解决了这一问题，这是一种新兴的绿化方式，能有效改善室内外温湿度，吸收空气中的尘土和有害气体，丰富绿化景观。In recent years, with the rapid transformation of our country's social economy, urban diseases have shown a trend of high incidence, which has aroused widespread concern from all walks of life. Urban diseases such as home decoration pollution, air pollution, and waste of rainwater resources have become problems that urgently need to be solved in urban life. In view of the deterioration of the indoor and outdoor environment and serious air pollution, increasing the amount of greening in the city is a good solution. However, in cities where every inch of land is expensive, conventional greening is far from meeting normal needs. Vertical greening solves this problem very well. This is an emerging greening method that can effectively improve indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity, absorb dust and harmful gases in the air, and enrich the greening landscape.
同时作为一款移动式的植物屏风，创新地将植物造型、居家艺术、智能控制有机地融合在一起。At the same time, as a mobile plant screen, it innovatively integrates plant modeling, home art, and intelligent control.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种鱼花共生智能生态墙，该生态墙可以根据景观需要随时更换花草植物，能对鱼缸内的水温和花草植物进行智能化控制，不仅满足了人们的养鱼兴趣，提高了观赏性，同时也起到了空气净化和水资源循环利用的作用。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fish-flower symbiosis intelligent ecological wall, which can replace flowers and plants at any time according to the needs of the landscape, and can intelligently control the water temperature and flowers and plants in the fish tank, which not only satisfies people's interest in fish farming, but also improves In addition to ornamental, it also plays the role of air purification and water recycling.
为达到上述目的，本发明的一种鱼花共生智能生态墙所采用的技术方案是：一种鱼花共生智能生态墙，包括墙体，其特点在于：该生态墙还包括设置在墙体上的植物区、水景区、采光区、滴灌装置和智能控制装置；所述采光区设置在墙体顶部，水景区设置在墙体下部，所述植物区设置在采光区和水景区之间，智能控制装置设置在墙体的内部；In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the fish-flower symbiosis intelligent ecological wall of the present invention is: a fish-flower symbiosis intelligent ecological wall, which includes a wall, and its characteristic is that the ecological wall also includes plants arranged on the wall area, water scenic area, lighting area, drip irrigation device and intelligent control device; set inside the wall;
所述植物区包括安装在墙体上的多个植物种植盒；The plant area includes a plurality of plant planting boxes installed on the wall;
所述每个植物种植盒均包括种植盒体和种植有各种植物的种植长筒，所述种植长筒通过卡扣安装在种植盒体上；所述种植盒体是由盖板、左右相对设置的侧板、后板、设有圆形开口的前板和底板组成一盒体，用于种植长筒的承载体；在种植盒体前板的圆形开口与后板之间设有安装槽孔，在安装槽孔的左右两侧分别设有滑轨，在种植长筒的左右两侧分别设有与滑轨相匹配的滑槽，种植长筒通过滑槽和种植盒体内的滑轨活动插入在安装槽孔中，种植长筒可以从种植盒体中推入或拉出，在种植长筒的底部设有出水口，上方壁上设有滴灌口，底部还设有传感器孔；所述种植盒体的后板底部设有排水口，所述土壤湿度传感器通过种植长筒底部的传感器孔插入土壤中；所述种植长筒的底端朝下倾斜安装在种植盒体内的安装槽孔中；Each of the plant planting boxes includes a planting box body and a long tube for planting various plants, and the long tube for planting is mounted on the planting box body through buckles; the planting box body is composed of a cover plate, left and right The set side plate, rear plate, front plate with circular opening and bottom plate form a box body, which is used for the carrier of the planting long tube; The slot hole is equipped with slide rails on the left and right sides of the installation slot hole, and the left and right sides of the long planting tube are respectively provided with chute matching slide rails, and the long planting tube passes through the chute and the slide rail in the planting box The planting tube can be pushed in or pulled out from the planting box. There is a water outlet at the bottom of the planting tube, a drip irrigation port on the upper wall, and a sensor hole at the bottom; The bottom of the rear plate of the planting box is provided with a drainage port, and the soil moisture sensor is inserted into the soil through the sensor hole at the bottom of the long planting tube; middle;
所述水景区3包括内置有各种观赏鱼的鱼缸；Described water scenic spot 3 comprises the fish tank that is built-in with various ornamental fish;
所述滴灌装置包括水泵、第一过滤器、多根滴灌管、安装在滴灌管上的多只滴灌头、多根排水管和第二过滤器；所述水泵安装在水景区的鱼缸中，所述水泵的出水口与第一过滤器连接，经过第一过滤器后分别与每根滴灌管连接，所述滴灌管设置在植物区中每个植物种植盒的种植盒体上方的盖板上，在种植盒体的盖板上方滴灌管均设有多只滴灌头，所述每个滴灌头均穿过种植盒体上的盖板及种植长筒上方壁上的滴灌口伸入种植长筒内；鱼缸中的水经水泵抽取后经第一过滤器过滤后再流入到滴灌管，由滴灌头对植物进行浇灌；所述每根排水管的一端分别与植物区的种植盒体上的排水口连接，排水管的另一端与第二过滤器连接，种植盒体经排水口排出的污水经第二过滤器进行过滤后流入鱼缸中；The drip irrigation device includes a water pump, a first filter, a plurality of drip irrigation pipes, a plurality of drip irrigation heads installed on the drip irrigation pipes, a plurality of drainage pipes and a second filter; the water pump is installed in a fish tank in a water scenic area, so The water outlet of the water pump is connected to the first filter, and connected to each drip irrigation pipe respectively after passing through the first filter, and the drip irrigation pipe is arranged on the cover plate above the planting box body of each plant planting box in the plant area, The drip irrigation pipe above the cover plate of the planting box is equipped with a plurality of drip irrigation heads, and each drip irrigation head passes through the cover plate on the planting box body and the drip irrigation port on the upper wall of the long planting tube and extends into the long planting tube The water in the fish tank flows into the drip irrigation pipe after being filtered by the first filter after being extracted by the water pump, and the plants are watered by the drip irrigation head; one end of each drainage pipe is respectively connected with the drainage port on the planting box body of the plant area connected, the other end of the drain pipe is connected to the second filter, and the sewage discharged from the planting box through the drain is filtered by the second filter and then flows into the fish tank;
所述采光区设置有多只灯；所述多只灯的光照强度由智能控制装置控制，动态监控植物的光照强度，自动补偿植物照明；The lighting area is provided with multiple lights; the light intensity of the multiple lights is controlled by an intelligent control device, which dynamically monitors the light intensity of the plants and automatically compensates for plant lighting;
所述智能控制装置包括单片机、土壤湿度控制单元、采光控制单元、温度控制单元和PH控制单元、上位机和服务器；The intelligent control device includes a single-chip microcomputer, a soil humidity control unit, a lighting control unit, a temperature control unit and a PH control unit, a host computer and a server;
所述土壤湿度控制单元包括土壤湿度传感器和继电器I；所述土壤湿度传感器有多个，分别设置在在种植长筒底部的传感器孔中，通过传感器孔插入植物周围的土壤中，土壤湿度传感器与单片机的信号接收端连接，所述继电器I的一端与单片机的信号控制端连接，另一端与滴灌装置中的水泵连接；土壤湿度传感器对植物土壤湿度进行采集，并且将湿度数据传输给单片机，单片机将实测的土壤湿度数据与设定的数据进行比较，得出偏差，然后根据偏差向继电器I发出指令，通过继电器I控制滴灌装置中的水泵，当植物的土壤过于干燥时，启动水泵对植物进行滴灌，向植物补充水分，当土壤湿度传感器检测的湿度数据达到设定的值时，单片机向继电器I发出指令，关闭水泵，停止对植物进行滴灌；Described soil moisture control unit comprises soil moisture sensor and relay 1; Described soil moisture sensor has a plurality of, is respectively arranged in the sensor hole of planting long tube bottom, inserts in the soil around the plant by sensor hole, soil moisture sensor and The signal receiving end of the single-chip microcomputer is connected, and one end of the relay 1 is connected with the signal control end of the single-chip microcomputer, and the other end is connected with the water pump in the drip irrigation device; the soil moisture sensor collects the plant soil humidity, and the humidity data is transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer Compare the measured soil moisture data with the set data to get the deviation, and then send an instruction to the relay I according to the deviation, and control the water pump in the drip irrigation device through the relay I. When the soil of the plant is too dry, start the water pump to irrigate the plant. Drip irrigation, replenishing water to plants, when the humidity data detected by the soil humidity sensor reaches the set value, the single-chip microcomputer sends an instruction to the relay I, turns off the water pump, and stops drip irrigation to the plants;
所述采光控制单元包括光照传感器和继电器II；所述光照传感器设置在植物区中，与单片机的信号接收端连接，所述继电器II的一端与单片机的信号控制端相连接，另一端与采光区的灯连接；所述光照传感器对植物区内植物的光照强度进行采集，并且将光照强度数据传输给单片机，单片机将实测的光照强度与设定的数据进行比较，得出偏差，然后根据偏差发出相应指令，当光照强度在设定的光照强度最大值以上时，单片机向继电器II发出指令，关闭采光区的灯，以减少光照强度，当光照强度在设定的光照强度最小值以下时，单片机向继电器II发出指令，开启灯；The lighting control unit includes a lighting sensor and a relay II; the lighting sensor is arranged in the plant area and is connected with the signal receiving end of the single-chip microcomputer, and one end of the relay II is connected with the signal control terminal of the single-chip microcomputer, and the other end is connected with the lighting area The light is connected; the light sensor collects the light intensity of the plants in the plant area, and transmits the light intensity data to the single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer compares the measured light intensity with the set data, obtains the deviation, and then sends out the light according to the deviation. Corresponding instructions, when the light intensity is above the set maximum light intensity, the single-chip microcomputer sends an instruction to the relay II to turn off the lights in the lighting area to reduce the light intensity; when the light intensity is below the set light intensity minimum value, the single-chip microcomputer Send a command to the relay II to turn on the light;
所述温度控制单元包括温度传感器、继电器III和加热棒；所述温度传感器设置在水景区的鱼缸的水中，与单片机的信号接收端连接，所述继电器III的一端与单机片信号控制端连接，另一端与加热棒连接；所述温度传感器对鱼缸的水温进行测定和数据采集，并将温度数据传给单机片，单片机将实测的温度数据与设定温度数据进行比较，得出偏差，然后根据偏差向继电器III发出指令，通过继电器III控制加热棒是否加热；The temperature control unit includes a temperature sensor, a relay III and a heating rod; the temperature sensor is arranged in the water of the fish tank in the water scenic area, and is connected with the signal receiving end of the single-chip microcomputer, and one end of the relay III is connected with the single-chip signal control end, The other end is connected with the heating rod; the temperature sensor measures and collects the water temperature of the fish tank, and transmits the temperature data to the single-chip, and the single-chip compares the measured temperature data with the set temperature data to obtain a deviation, and then according to The deviation sends instructions to the relay III, and the relay III controls whether the heating rod is heated;
所述PH控制单元包括PH传感器、继电器IV和酸碱溶液容器；所述PH传感器设置在水景区的鱼缸的水中，与单片机的信号接收端连接，所述继电器IV的一端与单片信号控制端连接，另一端与装有酸碱溶液容器的控制开关连接；所述PH传感器对水中的酸碱度数据进行测定和数据采集，并将PH数据传给单片机，单片机将实测的PH数据与设定值比较，得出偏差然后根据偏差向继电器IV发出指令，是否打开酸碱容器开关；Described PH control unit comprises PH sensor, relay IV and acid-base solution container; Described PH sensor is arranged on the water of the fish tank of water scenic spot, is connected with the signal receiving end of single-chip microcomputer, and one end of described relay IV is connected with single-chip signal control end The other end is connected with the control switch equipped with the acid-base solution container; the pH sensor measures and collects the pH data in the water, and transmits the pH data to the single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer compares the measured pH data with the set value , get the deviation and then send an instruction to the relay IV according to the deviation, whether to open the switch of the acid-base container;
所述单片机通过串口通信实时的将土壤湿度传感器、光照传感器、温度传感器和PH传感器测得的各种数据传输给上位机，通过上位机进行数据分析，过滤后的数据上传至服务器。The single-chip microcomputer transmits various data measured by the soil moisture sensor, light sensor, temperature sensor and pH sensor to the host computer in real time through the serial port communication, performs data analysis through the host computer, and uploads the filtered data to the server.
所述第一过滤器是由两道过滤层组成，第一层的过滤材料是过滤棉，利用过滤棉的絮凝作用，吸附悬浮或沉积在缸中的肉眼可见的颗粒物，阻隔水中的不溶性杂质及废物，第二层的过滤材料是玻璃杯和生化球，为硝化细菌提供良好的生长空间，并利用硝化细菌生物作用，把鱼类新陈代谢所产生的有毒物质转化为无毒物质；所述第二过滤器也是由两道过滤层组成，第一层的过滤材料是活性炭、软水树脂和草泥丸，便于除去可溶于水的有害物质，第二层的过滤材料是过滤棉，便于阻隔水中的不溶性杂质及废物。The first filter is composed of two filter layers. The filter material of the first layer is filter cotton, which uses the flocculation of the filter cotton to absorb suspended or deposited particles visible to the naked eye in the tank, blocking insoluble impurities in water and Waste, the filter materials of the second layer are glass cups and biochemical balls, which provide a good growth space for nitrifying bacteria, and use the biological action of nitrifying bacteria to convert the toxic substances produced by fish metabolism into non-toxic substances; the second The filter is also composed of two filter layers. The filter material of the first layer is activated carbon, water softening resin and grass mud pellets, which is convenient for removing harmful substances soluble in water. Insoluble impurities and waste.
在上述技术方案中，本发明具有以下有益效果：第一，设置有植物区，将植物种植于种植长筒中，通过种植盒体中的滑槽和种植长筒的滑轨将种植长筒推入或拉出种植盒体中，方便替换，同时，有效延长了植物的存活时间，有利于实现整个墙体的立体绿化的效果，且安装方便简易；第二，设置有智能控制装置，可以对植物的土壤湿度、光照强度、鱼缸水温和水的PH值通过单片机进行智能控制，有利于植物生长和鱼类养殖，有效防止了植物和鱼类意外死亡情况的发生；第三，设置了滴灌装置，并在滴灌装置中设置有过滤器，利用共生原理，做到了养鱼不用常换水，种花不用常施肥。首先通过水泵将鱼缸内的水抽到过滤器中进行过滤，将水中有害物质杂质留在过滤器中，最后经过过滤的水再回到鱼缸中，使鱼缸中的水得以过滤净化，可以循环使用，节约了水资源，有利环保，同时，种植长筒安装在种植盒体中，可以进行水收集，从而进行水循环，减少了水土流失；第四，作为室内垂直绿化景观生态墙的种植盒,能够通过拼接增大室内绿化面积, 改善室内环境,减少装修带来的甲醛、甲苯等有害物质对人体的危害, 调节室内温湿度, 形成立体景观艺术效果。In the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: first, a plant area is provided, and the plants are planted in the planting tube, and the planting tube is pushed into the planting tube through the chute in the planting box and the slide rail of the planting tube. Or pull it out of the planting box, which is convenient for replacement. At the same time, it effectively prolongs the survival time of the plants, which is conducive to the realization of the three-dimensional greening effect of the entire wall, and is convenient and simple to install; secondly, it is equipped with an intelligent control device that can control the plants The soil humidity, light intensity, fish tank water temperature and water pH value are intelligently controlled by a single-chip microcomputer, which is conducive to plant growth and fish breeding, and effectively prevents accidental death of plants and fish; thirdly, a drip irrigation device is installed, And a filter is installed in the drip irrigation device, and the principle of symbiosis is used, so that fish farming does not need to change water frequently, and flower planting does not need to frequently fertilize. First, the water in the fish tank is pumped into the filter through the water pump for filtration, and the harmful substances and impurities in the water are left in the filter, and finally the filtered water is returned to the fish tank, so that the water in the fish tank can be filtered and purified, and can be recycled , saves water resources and is beneficial to environmental protection. At the same time, the long planting tube is installed in the planting box, which can collect water, thereby performing water circulation and reducing soil erosion; fourth, as a planting box for indoor vertical greening landscape ecological walls, it can Increase the indoor greening area by splicing, improve the indoor environment, reduce the harm of formaldehyde, toluene and other harmful substances brought by decoration to the human body, adjust the indoor temperature and humidity, and form a three-dimensional landscape artistic effect.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明一种鱼花共生智能生态墙的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of fish flower symbiosis intelligent ecological wall of the present invention;
图2是本发明一种鱼花共生智能生态墙中植物种植盒的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a plant planting box in a fish-flower symbiosis intelligent ecological wall of the present invention;
图3是图2的左视图；Fig. 3 is the left view of Fig. 2;
图4是本发明一种鱼花共生智能生态墙的植物种植盒中种植长筒的结构示意图；Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of planting a long tube in a plant planting box of a fish-flower symbiosis intelligent ecological wall of the present invention;
图5是本发明一种鱼花共生智能生态墙中智能控制装置的原理框图。Fig. 5 is a functional block diagram of an intelligent control device in a fish-flower symbiosis intelligent ecological wall of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明一种鱼花共生智能生态墙作进一步详细说明。构成本申请的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。The fish-flower symbiotic intelligent ecological wall of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The accompanying drawings constituting this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and the schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute improper limitations to the present invention.
由图1至图5可见，本实施例的一种鱼花共生智能生态墙，包括墙体1、设置在墙体1上的植物区2、水景区3、采光区4、滴灌装置和智能控制装置。采光区4设置在墙体1顶部，水景区3设置在墙体1下部，所述植物区2设置在采光区4和水景区3之间，智能控制装置设置在墙体1的内部。As can be seen from Figures 1 to 5, a fish-flower symbiosis intelligent ecological wall in this embodiment includes a wall body 1, a plant area 2 arranged on the wall body 1, a water scenic spot 3, a lighting area 4, a drip irrigation device and an intelligent control device . The lighting area 4 is arranged on the top of the body of wall 1 , the water scenic area 3 is arranged at the bottom of the body of wall 1 , the plant area 2 is arranged between the lighting area 4 and the water area 3 , and the intelligent control device is arranged inside the body of wall 1 .
本实施例中，植物区2包括安装在墙体1上的多个植物种植盒。每个植物种植盒均包括种植盒体5和种植有各种植物的种植长筒6。本实施例中，种植长筒6通过卡扣安装在种植盒体5上；种植盒体5是由盖板、左右相对设置的侧板、后板、设有圆形开口的前板和底板组成一盒体，用于种植长筒6的承载体；在种植盒体5前板的圆形开口与后板之间设有安装槽孔7，在安装槽孔7的左右两侧分别设有滑轨8，在种植长筒6的左右两侧分别设有与滑轨8相匹配的滑槽9，种植长筒6通过滑槽9和种植盒体5内的滑轨8活动插入在安装槽孔7中，种植长筒6可以从种植盒体5中推入或拉出，在种植长筒6的底部设有出水口10，上方壁上设有滴灌口11，底部还设有传感器孔12；种植盒体5的后板底部设有排水口13，智能控制装置中的土壤湿度传感器通过种植长筒6底部的传感器孔12插入土壤中；种植长筒6的底端朝下倾斜45°安装在种植盒体5内的安装槽孔7中。本实施例的将植物种植于种植长筒6之中，通过滑槽将种植长筒6推入种植盒体5中，可以抽拉式，方便替换。土壤湿度传感器通过种植长筒底部的传感器孔12，插入土壤之中，得到数据进行分析，控制滴灌装置是否需要浇水，实现智能化浇水。多余的水从每个种植长筒6底部的出水口10排出，再经过后板底部的排水口13，流向后板外接的排水管19，进行水收集，从而进行水循环，减少了水土流失。本实施例中，通过种植长筒和智能化控制，延长植物的存活时间。同时，每一个种植盒体5之间连接简便，设计稳固，通过卡扣装置，不易晃动，且将所述的种植盒通过卡扣装置与墙体与其他外物上时，有利于实现立体绿化的效果，且安装简易。In this embodiment, the plant area 2 includes a plurality of plant planting boxes installed on the wall 1 . Each plant planting box includes a planting box body 5 and a long tube 6 for planting various plants. In this embodiment, the long planting tube 6 is mounted on the planting box body 5 through buckles; the planting box body 5 is composed of a cover plate, side plates arranged opposite to each other on the left and right, a rear plate, a front plate with a circular opening, and a bottom plate. A box body is used to plant the carrier body of the long tube 6; a mounting slot 7 is provided between the circular opening of the front plate of the planting box body 5 and the rear plate, and sliding holes are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the mounting slot 7. The rail 8 is provided with a chute 9 matching the slide rail 8 on the left and right sides of the long planting tube 6, and the long planting tube 6 is movably inserted into the installation slot through the chute 9 and the slide rail 8 in the planting box body 5. In 7, the long planting tube 6 can be pushed in or pulled out from the planting box body 5, a water outlet 10 is provided at the bottom of the long planting tube 6, a drip irrigation port 11 is provided on the upper wall, and a sensor hole 12 is also provided at the bottom; The bottom of the back plate of the planting box body 5 is provided with a drainage port 13, and the soil moisture sensor in the intelligent control device is inserted into the soil through the sensor hole 12 at the bottom of the long tube 6; In the installation slot 7 in the planting box body 5. In this embodiment, plants are planted in the long planting tube 6, and the long planting tube 6 is pushed into the planting box body 5 through the chute, which can be pulled out for easy replacement. The soil moisture sensor is inserted into the soil through the sensor hole 12 at the bottom of the planting tube, and the data is obtained for analysis to control whether the drip irrigation device needs to be watered to realize intelligent watering. Excess water is discharged from the water outlet 10 at the bottom of each planting long tube 6, and then flows through the water outlet 13 at the bottom of the rear plate to the external drain pipe 19 of the rear plate for water collection, thereby carrying out water circulation and reducing soil erosion. In this embodiment, the survival time of plants is prolonged by planting long tubes and intelligent control. At the same time, the connection between each planting box body 5 is simple, the design is stable, and it is not easy to shake through the buckle device, and when the planting box is connected to the wall and other foreign objects through the buckle device, it is beneficial to realize three-dimensional greening effect, and easy to install.
本实施例的水景区3包括内置有各种观赏鱼的鱼缸14。The water scenic spot 3 of the present embodiment comprises the fish tank 14 that various ornamental fishes are built-in.
本实施例的滴灌装置包括水泵15、第一过滤器16、多根滴灌管17、安装在滴灌管17上的多只滴灌头18、多根排水管19和第二过滤器20。本实施例的水泵15安装在水景区3的鱼缸14中，水泵15的出水口与第一过滤器16连接，经过第一过滤器16后分别与每根滴灌管17连接，滴灌管17设置在植物区2中每个植物种植盒的种植盒体5上方的盖板上，在种植盒体5的盖板上方滴灌管17均设有多只滴灌头18，每个滴灌头18均穿过种植盒体5上的盖板及种植长筒6上方壁上的滴灌口11伸入种植长筒6内；鱼缸14中的水经水泵15抽取后经第一过滤器16过滤后再流入到滴灌管17，由滴灌头18对植物进行浇灌；每根排水管19的一端分别与植物区2的种植盒体5上的排水口13连接，排水管19的另一端与第二过滤器20连接，种植盒体5经排水口13排出的污水经第二过滤器20进行过滤后流入鱼缸14中。本实施例中，第一过滤器16是由两道过滤层组成，第一层的过滤材料是过滤棉，利用过滤棉的絮凝作用，吸附悬浮或沉积在缸中的肉眼可见的颗粒物，阻隔水中的不溶性杂质及废物，第二层的过滤材料是玻璃杯和生化球，为硝化细菌提供良好的生长空间，并利用硝化细菌生物作用，把鱼类新陈代谢所产生的有毒物质转化为无毒物质；第二过滤器20也是由两道过滤层组成，第一层的过滤材料是活性炭、软水树脂和草泥丸，便于除去可溶于水的有害物质，第二层的过滤材料是过滤棉，便于阻隔水中的不溶性杂质及废物。本实施例利用共生原理，做到了养鱼不用常换水，种花不用常施肥。首先通过水泵15将鱼缸14内的水抽到第一过滤器16中进行过滤，将水中有害物质杂质留在第一过滤器16中，经过第一次过滤的水经滴灌管17上的滴灌头18对种植长筒6中的植物进行滴灌，经植物吸收后的残余的废水收集后再经第二次过滤后再回到鱼缸中，使鱼缸中的水得以过滤净化，可以循环使用，节约了水资源，有利环保。The drip irrigation device of this embodiment includes a water pump 15 , a first filter 16 , a plurality of drip irrigation pipes 17 , a plurality of drip irrigation heads 18 installed on the drip irrigation pipes 17 , a plurality of drainage pipes 19 and a second filter 20 . The water pump 15 of the present embodiment is installed in the fish tank 14 of the water scenic area 3, and the water outlet of the water pump 15 is connected with the first filter 16, and is respectively connected with each drip irrigation pipe 17 after the first filter 16, and the drip irrigation pipe 17 is arranged on On the cover plate above the planting box body 5 of each plant planting box in the plant area 2, the drip irrigation pipe 17 above the cover plate of the planting box body 5 is provided with a plurality of drip irrigation heads 18, and each drip irrigation head 18 passes through the planting area. The cover plate on the box body 5 and the drip irrigation port 11 on the upper wall of the planting long tube 6 extend into the planting long tube 6; the water in the fish tank 14 is extracted by the water pump 15 and then filtered by the first filter 16 and then flows into the drip irrigation pipe 17, the plants are watered by the drip irrigation head 18; one end of each drain pipe 19 is connected to the drain port 13 on the planting box body 5 of the plant area 2, and the other end of the drain pipe 19 is connected to the second filter 20, planting The sewage discharged from the box body 5 through the water outlet 13 flows into the fish tank 14 after being filtered by the second filter 20 . In this embodiment, the first filter 16 is composed of two filter layers. The filter material of the first layer is filter cotton, which uses the flocculation of the filter cotton to absorb suspended or deposited particles visible to the naked eye in the tank, and block water Insoluble impurities and waste, the second layer of filter materials are glass cups and biochemical balls, which provide a good growth space for nitrifying bacteria, and use the biological action of nitrifying bacteria to convert toxic substances produced by fish metabolism into non-toxic substances; The second filter 20 is also made up of two filter layers. The filter material of the first layer is activated carbon, water softening resin and grass mud pellets, which is convenient to remove harmful substances soluble in water. The filter material of the second layer is filter cotton, which is convenient Block insoluble impurities and waste in water. This embodiment utilizes the principle of symbiosis to achieve fish farming without frequent water changes and flower planting without frequent fertilization. First, the water in the fish tank 14 is pumped into the first filter 16 by the water pump 15 to filter, and the harmful substances and impurities in the water are left in the first filter 16, and the water filtered for the first time passes through the drip irrigation head on the drip irrigation pipe 17 18 The plants in the long tube 6 are drip-irrigated, and the residual waste water absorbed by the plants is collected and then filtered for the second time and then returned to the fish tank, so that the water in the fish tank can be filtered and purified, which can be recycled and saved. Water resources are beneficial to environmental protection.
本实施例的过滤流程为：在第一过滤器中设置有过滤棉过滤和生物过滤；利用滤棉的絮凝作用，吸附悬浮或沉积在缸中的肉眼可见的颗粒物，阻隔水中的不溶性杂质及废物。利用玻璃杯、生化球等为硝化细菌如奥芬兰淡水通用型硝化细菌提供良好的生长空间，接着利用硝化细菌的生物作用，把鱼类、水草等新陈代谢所产生的有毒物质转化为无毒物质。第二过滤器过滤为化学过滤，利用活性炭、软水树脂、草泥丸等去除可溶于水的有害物质，同时调节水质的PH。The filtration process of this embodiment is as follows: the first filter is provided with filter cotton for filtration and biological filtration; the flocculation of the filter cotton is used to absorb the suspended or deposited particles visible to the naked eye in the tank, and to block insoluble impurities and waste in the water . Use glass cups, biochemical balls, etc. to provide a good growth space for nitrifying bacteria such as Austrian Finnish freshwater general-purpose nitrifying bacteria, and then use the biological action of nitrifying bacteria to convert toxic substances produced by the metabolism of fish and aquatic plants into non-toxic substances. The second filter is chemical filtration, which uses activated carbon, water softening resin, grass mud pellets, etc. to remove harmful substances soluble in water, and at the same time adjust the pH of the water.
本实施例的采光区4设置有多只灯21；每只灯21的光照强度由智能控制装置控制，动态监控植物的光照强度，自动补偿植物照明。The lighting area 4 of this embodiment is provided with multiple lights 21; the light intensity of each light 21 is controlled by an intelligent control device, which dynamically monitors the light intensity of the plants and automatically compensates for plant lighting.
本实施例的智能控制装置包括单片机、土壤湿度控制单元、采光控制单元、温度控制单元和PH控制单元、上位机和服务器。The intelligent control device of this embodiment includes a single-chip microcomputer, a soil moisture control unit, a lighting control unit, a temperature control unit, a pH control unit, a host computer and a server.
本实施例的土壤湿度控制单元包括土壤湿度传感器和继电器I。土壤湿度传感器有多个，分别设置在在种植长筒6底部的传感器孔12中，通过传感器孔12插入植物周围的土壤中，土壤湿度传感器与单片机的信号接收端连接，继电器I的一端与单片机的信号控制端连接，另一端与滴灌装置中的水泵15连接；土壤湿度传感器对植物土壤湿度进行采集，并且将湿度数据传输给单片机，单片机将实测的土壤湿度数据与设定的数据进行比较，得出偏差，然后根据偏差向继电器I发出指令，通过继电器I控制滴灌装置中的水泵15，当植物的土壤过于干燥时，启动水泵15对植物进行滴灌，向植物补充水分，当土壤湿度传感器检测的湿度数据达到设定的值时，单片机向继电器I发出指令，关闭水泵15，停止对植物进行滴灌。The soil moisture control unit of the present embodiment includes a soil moisture sensor and a relay 1. Soil moisture sensor has a plurality of, is respectively arranged in the sensor hole 12 of planting long tube 6 bottoms, inserts in the soil around the plant by sensor hole 12, and soil moisture sensor is connected with the signal receiving end of single-chip microcomputer, and one end of relay 1 is connected with single-chip microcomputer The signal control end is connected, and the other end is connected with the water pump 15 in the drip irrigation device; the soil moisture sensor collects the plant soil moisture, and transmits the humidity data to the single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer compares the measured soil moisture data with the set data, Get the deviation, then send an instruction to the relay 1 according to the deviation, and control the water pump 15 in the drip irrigation device by the relay 1. When the soil of the plant is too dry, start the water pump 15 to drip irrigation the plant, and replenish water to the plant. When the soil moisture sensor detects When the humidity data reached the set value, the single-chip microcomputer sent an instruction to the relay 1 to close the water pump 15 and stop dripping the plants.
本实施例的采光控制单元包括光照传感器和继电器II；所述光照传感器设置在植物区2中，与单片机的信号接收端连接，所述继电器II的一端与单片机的信号控制端相连接，另一端与采光区的灯21连接；所述光照传感器对植物区内植物的光照强度进行采集，并且将光照强度数据传输给单片机，单片机将实测的光照强度与设定的数据进行比较，得出偏差，然后根据偏差发出相应指令，当光照强度在设定的光照强度最大值以上时，单片机向继电器II发出指令，关闭采光区3的灯21，以减少光照强度，当光照强度在设定的光照强度最小值以下时，单片机向继电器II发出指令，开启灯21。The daylighting control unit of the present embodiment comprises a light sensor and a relay II; the light sensor is arranged in the plant area 2 and is connected with the signal receiving end of the single-chip microcomputer, and one end of the relay II is connected with the signal control end of the single-chip microcomputer, and the other end Connect with the lamp 21 of lighting area; Described light sensor collects the light intensity of plant in the plant area, and light intensity data is transmitted to single-chip microcomputer, and single-chip microcomputer compares the measured light intensity with the data of setting, draws deviation, Then send corresponding instructions according to the deviation, when the light intensity is above the set light intensity maximum value, the single-chip microcomputer sends instructions to the relay II, turn off the light 21 of the lighting area 3, to reduce the light intensity, when the light intensity is at the set light intensity When below the minimum value, the single-chip microcomputer sends an instruction to the relay II to turn on the light 21 .
本实施例的温度控制单元包括温度传感器、继电器III和加热棒；所述温度传感器设置在水景区3的鱼缸14的水中，与单片机的信号接收端连接，所述继电器III的一端与单机片信号控制端连接，另一端与加热棒连接；所述温度传感器对鱼缸14的水温进行测定和数据采集，并将温度数据传给单机片，单片机将实测的温度数据与设定温度数据进行比较，得出偏差，然后根据偏差向继电器III发出指令，通过继电器III控制加热棒是否加热。当检测的温度数据达到设定的值时，单机片向继电器III发出指令，关闭加热棒，停止加热。The temperature control unit of the present embodiment comprises a temperature sensor, a relay III and a heating rod; the temperature sensor is arranged in the water of the fish tank 14 of the water scenic spot 3, and is connected with the signal receiving end of the single-chip microcomputer, and one end of the relay III is connected to the single-chip signal The control end is connected, and the other end is connected with the heating rod; the temperature sensor measures and collects data on the water temperature of the fish tank 14, and transmits the temperature data to the single-chip, and the single-chip compares the measured temperature data with the set temperature data to obtain Then, according to the deviation, an instruction is sent to the relay III to control whether the heating rod is heated through the relay III. When the detected temperature data reaches the set value, the stand-alone chip sends an instruction to the relay III to turn off the heating rod and stop heating.
本实施例的PH控制单元包括PH传感器、继电器IV和酸碱溶液容器；所述PH传感器设置在水景区3的鱼缸14的水中，与单片机的信号接收端连接，所述继电器IV的一端与单片信号控制端连接，另一端与装有酸碱溶液容器的控制开关连接；所述PH传感器对水中的酸碱度数据进行测定和数据采集，并将PH数据传给单片机，单片机将实测的PH数据与设定值比较，得出偏差然后根据偏差向继电器IV发出指令，是否打开酸碱容器开关。The PH control unit of the present embodiment comprises a PH sensor, a relay IV and an acid-base solution container; the PH sensor is arranged in the water of the fish tank 14 of the water scenic area 3, and is connected with the signal receiving end of the single-chip microcomputer, and one end of the relay IV is connected to the single-chip The chip signal control end is connected, and the other end is connected with the control switch that the acid-base solution container is housed; The pH sensor measures and collects the pH data in the water, and transmits the pH data to the single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer combines the measured pH data with the Comparing the set value, get the deviation and then send an instruction to the relay IV according to the deviation, whether to open the switch of the acid-base container.
本实施例的单片机通过串口通信实时的将土壤湿度传感器、光照传感器、温度传感器和PH传感器测得的各种数据传输给上位机，通过上位机进行数据分析，过滤后的数据上传至服务器。The single-chip microcomputer of this embodiment transmits various data measured by the soil moisture sensor, light sensor, temperature sensor and pH sensor to the host computer in real time through serial port communication, performs data analysis through the host computer, and uploads the filtered data to the server.
在本实施例中，还可以在智能控制装置在加装智能语音模块，将卡通语音融入该生态墙中，将植物变为可爱“宠物”， 让我们随时感受它的成长与变化。如：“主人，我渴了，请给我加点水吧！”“主人，太阳出来了，赶紧拉开窗帘吧！”“我最近有点营养不良，请给我添点养分吧！”，这种卡通语音营造了很好的室内环境，有助于摆脱疲惫、舒缓压力、保持身心健康与良好状态。智能语音播报系统等一方面延长了植物生存时间，另一方面使植物墙生动活泼。In this embodiment, an intelligent voice module can also be added to the intelligent control device, and cartoon voices can be integrated into the ecological wall, turning plants into cute "pets", allowing us to experience its growth and changes at any time. Such as: "Master, I'm thirsty, please add some water to me!" "Master, the sun is out, please open the curtains!" The cartoon voice creates a good indoor environment, which helps to get rid of fatigue, relieve stress, and maintain physical and mental health and good condition. On the one hand, the intelligent voice broadcast system prolongs the survival time of plants, on the other hand, it makes the plant wall lively.
以上所述，仅是本发明的实施例，并非对本发明作任何限制，凡是根据本发明技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、变更以及等效方法的变化，均仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围内。The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in any way. All simple modifications, changes and equivalent method changes made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still belong to the technical solution of the present invention. within the scope of protection.
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