CN106153394A - A kind of Sediment Pore Water and overlying water sampler - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to a sampler for sediment pore water and overlying water in lakes, rivers, reservoirs and other water bodies. There is an operating handle, and the two ends of the polypropylene film collection tube are respectively connected with the lumen of the solution collection tube. Connected, using the operating handle, it is convenient to lower the main pipe to the sediment and overlying water, which is convenient for the operator to sample. When the main pipe is lowered to the sampling area, the sampling area can be reduced due to the low permeability of the polypropylene film collection tube The disturbance of the water body interferes with the accuracy of sampling, ensuring that the samples obtained by sampling meet the analytical tests of metal elements, nitrogen, phosphorus and other inorganic substances and other organic substances.

Description

A sediment pore water and overlying water sampler

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental engineering, in particular to a sampler for sediment pore water and overlying water in lakes, rivers, reservoirs and other water bodies.

Background technique

The water-sediment interface is an important place for physical, chemical and biological reactions between the sediment phase and the water phase in the water environment, and plays an important role in the migration and transformation of pollutants in the water body. Usually, the adsorption and release of pollutants in sediments are the source and sink of pollutants in the overlying water. Therefore, accurate acquisition and determination of pollutant content in sediment pore water and overlying water is beneficial to the study of biogeochemical cycle processes and provides theoretical guidance for water pollution and governance.

At present, there are mainly two ways to obtain sediment pore water: active and passive. Centrifugation is an active sampling technique. It mainly obtains pore water by centrifuging samples obtained in the field. This method will increase the chance of contact between pore water and air; However, the actual concentration of pore water pollutants cannot be obtained. The passive sampling method is to install extraction devices such as solid-phase microextraction and low-density polyethylene film at the sampling point for passive sampling.

Since the samples obtained by the passive sampling method are closer to the real situation of pore water, they are widely used at present. Many existing samplers have relatively complex structures, and cannot perform continuous dynamic sampling in situ for multiple times, nor can they collect samples of overlying water at the same time. Some samplers use glass fiber membranes as extraction membranes, which are expensive and easily damaged, and have poor in-situ applicability. In addition, there are also some samplers that use stainless steel as the main frame, so that the collected samples cannot be analyzed for metal elements. In the actual environment, there are huge differences in water body temperature and light intensity in different periods, and the migration and transformation processes of metal elements, nitrogen, phosphorus, etc., and other organic substances in sediments are significantly different, resulting in significant changes in the microenvironment of sediment pore water and overlying water.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a sampler for pore water and overlying water of lakes, rivers, reservoirs and other water bodies, which is convenient to operate and can ensure that the obtained samples meet the requirements of metal elements, nitrogen, and nitrogen. , Phosphorus and other inorganic substances and other organic substances analysis and testing.

The present invention solves technical problem and adopts following technical scheme:

Sediment pore water and overlying water sampler, including the main pipe used to descend to the sampling area, the main pipe is wrapped with a polypropylene film collection tube, the upper end of the main pipe is provided with an operating handle, the two ends of the polypropylene film collection tube They are respectively connected with the lumen of the solution collection tube, the solution collection tube is located in the lumen of the main tube, and the tube end of the solution collection tube is led out from the upper end of the main tube and communicated with the pulling collection device.

The present invention also has the following technical features:

The drawing and collecting device is a syringe, and the syringe and the pipe end of the solution collection tube form an insertion fit.

The main pipe is wrapped with a nylon mesh around the body area of the polypropylene film collection tube, the nylon mesh is provided with a plastic clasp, and the opening of the nylon mesh is provided with a Velcro.

The outline outer diameter of the plastic clasp is greater than or equal to the outline outer diameter of the polypropylene film collection tube wound on the main pipe.

The two ends of the polypropylene film collection tube are inserted into the nozzle of the solution collection tube, and the nozzle of the solution collection tube is filled with silica gel.

The lower end of the main pipe is provided with a conical head, the conical head is detachably connected to the lower nozzle of the main pipe, and the operating handle is detachably connected to the upper nozzle of the main pipe.

The upper end of the conical head is provided with a threaded section and the threaded section of the lower end nozzle of the main pipe to form a threaded fit. The threaded segments form a threaded fit.

The main pipe is made of PVC material, and through holes are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the pipe body of the main pipe, and the through holes communicate with the lumen of the main pipe.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is reflected in: the main pipe can be conveniently lowered to the bottom of the sediment and the overlying water by using the operating handle, which is convenient for the operator to perform sampling operations; when the main pipe is lowered to the sampling area, Due to the low permeability of the polypropylene film collection tube, it can reduce the interference of the disturbance of the water body in the sampling area on the accuracy of the sampling, and ensure that the samples obtained by sampling meet the analytical tests of metal elements, nitrogen, phosphorus and other inorganic substances and other organic substances.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of sediment pore water and overlying water sampler;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the assembly of the polypropylene film collection tube and the solution collection tube of the sediment pore water and the overlying water sampler;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the operating handle of the sediment pore water and overlying water sampler;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the lower end of the main pipe of the sediment pore water and overlying water sampler.

detailed description

Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, the characteristics of the sediment pore water and the overlying water sampler are described in detail as follows:

Sediment pore water and overlying water sampler, including a main pipe 10 for descending to the sampling area, a polypropylene film collection tube 20 is wound on the pipe of the main pipe 10, an operating handle 11 is arranged on the upper end of the main pipe 10, and the polypropylene film collection The two ends of the tube 20 communicate with the lumen of the solution collection tube 30 respectively. The solution collection tube 30 is located in the lumen of the main tube 10. The tube ends of the solution collection tube 30 are led out from the upper end of the main tube 10 and communicate with the pulling collection device.

The operator holds the operating handle 11 of the main pipe 10 and descends into the sampling area. When the sampler descends to the position of the sampling area, since the process of inserting the sediment will cause great disturbance to the water body in the sampling area, if simply collecting At this time, the larger liquid flow is disturbed, and there is a large deviation in the test results of the sample obtained by sampling. Therefore, by utilizing the low permeability of the polypropylene film collection tube 20, after the water body in the sampling area is left still to a certain extent, the The liquid flow will slowly penetrate into the polypropylene film collection tube 20, and at this time, the liquid flow infiltrated into the polypropylene film collection tube 20 is relatively stable, which can ensure the accuracy of sample collection;

The polypropylene film collection tube 20 can be wound around the pipe body at different heights of the main pipe 10, so that samples of different depths can be collected at one time, and the versatility of the sampler can be improved.

The above-mentioned polypropylene film collection tube 20 is wound on the body of the main pipe 10, and both ends are communicated with the solution collection tube 30. After a period of time, the pulling operation of the solution collection tube 30 is implemented by using a pulling collection device, so that the solution The collection tube 30 generates a negative pressure, which facilitates the extraction of the liquid in the polypropylene film collection tube 20 as a sample for detection, and can improve the detection accuracy of the sample;

The micropore size of the polypropylene film collection tube 20 is 0.02-0.2um, the inner diameter of the polypropylene film collection tube 20 is 0.8mm, the outer diameter of the polypropylene film collection tube 20 is 1.3mm, and the solution collection tube 30 is a silicone hose. Its inner diameter is 3mm and its outer diameter is 5mm, which can ensure accurate sample collection and improve sample collection efficiency.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, in order to facilitate the collection of the polypropylene film collection tube 20 and the solution collection tube 30, the pulling collection device is a syringe 40, and the syringe 40 forms a plug connection with the pipe end of the solution collection tube 30 Cooperate.

In the above embodiment, the operator only needs to hold the syringe 40 to conveniently draw the liquid sample into the syringe 40 .

In order to avoid the damage of the polypropylene film collection tube 20 to the polypropylene film collection tube 20 by deposits during the lowering process, the tube body area of the polypropylene film collection tube 20 wrapped around the main pipe 10 is covered with a nylon mesh 50, The nylon net 50 is provided with a plastic snap ring 60. In order to prevent the nylon net 50 from being scattered during the process of descending with the sampler, the opening position of the nylon net 50 is provided with a Velcro, and the Velcro can be used to effectively Stick the nylon net 50 firmly.

In a further preferred solution, the contour outer diameter of the plastic snap ring 60 is greater than or equal to the contour outer diameter of the polypropylene film collection tube 20 wound on the main pipe 10;

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the plastic snap ring 60 can not only wind and fix the nylon mesh 50, but also isolate the vacant area for accommodating the polypropylene film collection tube 20, so as to prevent the deposit from damaging the polypropylene film collection tube 20, For ensuring the water permeability of nylon net 50, nylon net 50 selects 60 orders for use and gets final product.

As a further preferred solution of the present invention, the two ends of the polypropylene film collection tube 20 are inserted into the nozzle of the solution collection tube 30, and the nozzle of the solution collection tube 30 is filled with silica gel. The two ends of the polypropylene membrane collection tube 20 can be connected and sealed with the mouth of the solution collection tube 30 by using silica gel to prevent the sample water from flowing out of the solution collection tube 30 .

In order to ensure that the main pipe 10 can go down to the sampling area of the sediment, the lower end of the main pipe 10 is provided with a conical head 12. Detachable connection, the operating handle 11 forms a detachable connection with the upper nozzle of the main pipe 10 .

Specifically, the upper end of the conical head 12 is provided with a threaded section and the threaded section of the lower end nozzle of the main pipe 10 forms a threaded fit. The operating handle 11 is in a T-shaped tubular structure, and the middle pipe section of the operating handle 11 is provided with a threaded section. Form thread fit with the threaded section of the upper end nozzle of main pipe 10.

In order to ensure that the sampler can be easily inserted into the deep position of the sediment, the main pipe 10 is made of PVC material, and through holes 13 are arranged at intervals along the length of the pipe body of the main pipe 10, and the through holes 13 are connected with the pipe of the main pipe 10. cavities connected. The through hole 13 can effectively eliminate the buoyancy generated by the main pipe 10, thereby allowing the main pipe 10 to descend to a position where the sediment is relatively deep.

Before fixing the operating handle 11, put the solution collecting tube 30 through the operating handle 11, place it on both sides of the operating handle 11, mark it with a marker pen, wrap the solution collecting tube 30 with a ziplock bag or plastic wrap, and clamp it with a stainless steel metal clip . On the one hand, fixing the solution collection tube 30 prevents it from falling off and entering the inside of the main pipe 10; on the other hand, it can prevent rainwater or falling dust from entering the solution collection tube 30 and polluting the samples.

Insert the sampling device assembled according to the above steps into the sediment. In order to reduce the disturbance to the water body during the process of inserting the sediment, take a sample after equilibrating for 24 hours. Due to the small pores of the polypropylene membrane collection tube 20, moisture can completely penetrate the polypropylene membrane collection tube 20 in about 3 hours. Therefore, in the short time when the main pipe 10 is inserted into the sediment, the moisture cannot fully enter the polypropylene membrane collection tube 20, The accuracy of sample collection is guaranteed.

After equilibrating for 24 hours, connect the 50mL large-capacity syringe 40 to the polypropylene membrane collection tube 20, pull the syringe manually to generate negative pressure, and collect sediment pore water and overlying water samples at different depths.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Accordingly, the embodiments should be regarded in all points of view as exemplary and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is therefore intended that the scope of the invention be limited by the appended claims All changes within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claimed elements are intended to be embraced in the invention. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to implementation modes, not each implementation mode only contains an independent technical solution, and this description in the specification is only for clarity, and those skilled in the art should take the specification as a whole , the technical solutions in the various embodiments can also be properly combined to form other implementations that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (8)

1. a Sediment Pore Water and overlying water sampler, it is characterised in that: include the supervisor for exploring downward to sample area (10), the pipe shaft of supervisor (10) being wound with polypropylene screen collection tube (20), the upper end of supervisor (10) is provided with operation handle (11), two pipe ends of polypropylene screen collection tube (20) tube chamber with solution collection tube (30) respectively connects, solution collection tube (30) Be positioned at the tube chamber of supervisor (10), the pipe end of solution collection tube (30) by be responsible for (10) upper end draw and with pull collection device Connection.

Sediment Pore Water the most according to claim 1 and overlying water sampler, it is characterised in that: described pull collects dress Being set to syringe (40), described syringe (40) constitutes grafting with the pipe end of solution collection tube (30) and coordinates.

Sediment Pore Water the most according to claim 1 and 2 and overlying water sampler, it is characterised in that: described supervisor (10) the pipe shaft region being wound with polypropylene screen collection tube (20) on is wrapped with nylon wire (50), and described nylon wire (50) is upper to be arranged Plastic clasp (60), the aperture position of described nylon wire (50) is had to be provided with VELCRO.

Sediment Pore Water the most according to claim 3 and overlying water sampler, it is characterised in that: described plastic clasp (60) profile outer diameter is wrapped in the profile outer diameter on supervisor (10) more than or equal to polypropylene screen collection tube (20).

Sediment Pore Water the most according to claim 1 and 2 and overlying water sampler, it is characterised in that: described polypropylene Two pipe ends of film collection tube (20) are plugged in the mouth of pipe of solution collection tube (30), and the mouth of pipe of solution collection tube (30) is filled with silicon Glue.

Sediment Pore Water the most according to claim 1 and overlying water sampler, it is characterised in that: described supervisor's (10) Lower end is provided with conical head (12), and described conical head (12) is detachable with the lower end mouth of pipe of supervisor (10) to be connected, described operation Handle (11) removably connects with the upper end mouth of pipe composition of supervisor (10).

Sediment Pore Water the most according to claim 6 and overlying water sampler, it is characterised in that: described conical head (12) Upper end be provided with thread segment with supervisor (10) the lower end mouth of pipe thread segment constitute threaded engagement, described operation handle (11) in T-shaped tubular structure, the middle pipeline section of operation handle (11) is provided with the thread segment structure of thread segment and the upper end mouth of pipe of supervisor (10) Become threaded engagement.

Sediment Pore Water the most according to claim 1 and overlying water sampler, it is characterised in that: described supervisor (10) adopts Making by PVC material, the pipe shaft length direction along supervisor (10) is arranged at intervals with through hole (13), described through hole (13) and supervisor (10) tube chamber connection.