CN106152822A - A kind of bathroom residual neat recovering system using direct-fired sorption type heat pump and method - Google Patents
A kind of bathroom residual neat recovering system using direct-fired sorption type heat pump and method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 title claims 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 139
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 73
- 238000003287 bathing Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
- F28D1/047—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
- F28D1/0477—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag the conduits being bent in a serpentine or zig-zag
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H4/00—Fluid heaters characterised by the use of heat pumps
- F24H4/02—Water heaters
- F24H4/04—Storage heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
- F25B27/02—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using waste heat, e.g. from internal-combustion engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/04—Heat pumps of the sorption type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/06—Heat pumps characterised by the source of low potential heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/08—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
- F28D7/082—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag with serpentine or zig-zag configuration
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
- Y02A30/274—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/52—Heat recovery pumps, i.e. heat pump based systems or units able to transfer the thermal energy from one area of the premises or part of the facilities to a different one, improving the overall efficiency
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种采用直燃式吸收热泵的浴室余热回收系统与方法；该系统包括热水箱、废水池、过滤器、水‑水换热器、直燃式吸收热泵单元和烟道气热交换单元以及相关的阀门、泵和管道的连接。本浴室余热回收系统与方法以天然气为直接能源，利用吸收式热泵技术充分回收利用废水和烟道气余热，大幅提高能源热效率，减少环境热污染，降低公共浴室运行成本，具有非常高的经济效益和环保意义。
The invention discloses a bathroom waste heat recovery system and method using a direct-fired absorption heat pump; the system includes a hot water tank, a waste water pool, a filter, a water-water heat exchanger, a direct-fired absorption heat pump unit and flue gas Heat exchange unit and associated valves, pumps and piping connections. The bathroom waste heat recovery system and method use natural gas as the direct energy source, and use absorption heat pump technology to fully recycle waste water and flue gas waste heat, greatly improve energy thermal efficiency, reduce environmental heat pollution, and reduce public bathroom operating costs. It has very high economic benefits. and environmental significance.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及余热回收技术领域，尤其涉及一种采用直燃式吸收热泵的浴室余热回收系统与方法。The invention relates to the technical field of waste heat recovery, in particular to a bathroom waste heat recovery system and method using a direct-fired absorption heat pump.
背景技术Background technique
在中国，为学生、士兵、工人和其他集体生活的人群设立的公共集体浴室或其他商业性洗浴场所非常普遍。现在，该类集体洗浴场所普遍依靠锅炉提供热水，高能耗、高污染而且耗水量大。许多公共洗浴场所在固定时间开启，用热和散热比较集中，并且排出的洗澡水中含有大量的余热，所以易于进行余热回收，达到节能降耗环保的目的。Public group bathrooms or other commercial bathing facilities for students, soldiers, workers, and other groups living together are common in China. Now, such collective bathing places generally rely on boilers to provide hot water, which has high energy consumption, high pollution and large water consumption. Many public bathing places are opened at a fixed time, the heat consumption and heat dissipation are relatively concentrated, and the discharged bath water contains a large amount of waste heat, so it is easy to recover waste heat to achieve the purpose of energy saving, consumption reduction and environmental protection.
目前已有各种余热回收系统应用于回收和再循环余热，例如，热泵系统日益广泛应用于净化城市污水。但是在冬季城市污水温度相对较低通常约10℃，导致回收成本较高。因此有必要寻找一种方法，以降低城市低温污水余热回收的成本。再者，现阶段普遍应用的电热泵余热回收装置，需要消耗高能级的电能。Various waste heat recovery systems have been used to recover and recycle waste heat. For example, heat pump systems are increasingly used to purify municipal sewage. However, in winter, the temperature of urban sewage is relatively low, usually about 10°C, resulting in higher recycling costs. Therefore, it is necessary to find a way to reduce the cost of waste heat recovery from urban low-temperature sewage. Furthermore, the electric heat pump waste heat recovery device commonly used at the present stage needs to consume high-level electric energy.
为了节能减排，进一步充分利用废热，本发明提出一种直燃式吸收热泵。采用天然气作为系统的能源，相对于以往电驱动的热泵系统，具有清洁，热值高的特点。该装置不仅可以回收利用洗澡废水余热，而且可以进一步利用燃气余热对自来水进行加热。In order to save energy and reduce emissions, and further make full use of waste heat, the present invention proposes a direct-fired absorption heat pump. Using natural gas as the energy source of the system, compared with the previous electric-driven heat pump system, has the characteristics of cleanliness and high calorific value. The device can not only recycle the waste heat of bathing wastewater, but also can further use the waste heat of gas to heat tap water.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服上述现有技术的缺点和不足，提供一种采用直燃式吸收热泵的浴室余热回收系统与方法。以解决目前公共浴室中洗浴用水的余热不能回收利用或回收成本过高的问题，在有效回收洗浴水余热的同时，充分利用燃气余热，提高了能源利用率，降低了公共浴室用能成本，方便实用，具有很高的经济意义和环保意义，以及非常可观的应用前景。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, and provide a bathroom waste heat recovery system and method using a direct-fired absorption heat pump. In order to solve the problem that the waste heat of bathing water in public bathrooms cannot be recycled or the recycling cost is too high, while the waste heat of bathing water is effectively recovered, the waste heat of gas is fully utilized, which improves the energy utilization rate and reduces the energy cost of public bathrooms. Practical, with high economic significance and environmental protection significance, and very considerable application prospects.
本发明通过下述技术方案实现：The present invention realizes through following technical scheme:
一种采用直燃式吸收热泵的浴室余热回收系统，包括热水箱1、洗浴装置2、废水箱3、废水收集管4、过滤器5、废水水泵6、水-水换热器7、废水放空管8、烟气换热器21、发生器91、冷凝器92、蒸发器93、吸收器94；A bathroom waste heat recovery system using a direct-fired absorption heat pump, including a hot water tank 1, a bathing device 2, a waste water tank 3, a waste water collection pipe 4, a filter 5, a waste water pump 6, a water-water heat exchanger 7, and a waste water Vent pipe 8, flue gas heat exchanger 21, generator 91, condenser 92, evaporator 93, absorber 94;
所述洗浴装置2安装在热水箱1的底部；所述废水箱3安装在洗浴装置2的下方；所述废水箱3通过废水收集管4连接过滤器5；废水箱3的底部设有一带阀门的废水放空管8；The bathing device 2 is installed on the bottom of the hot water tank 1; the waste water tank 3 is installed under the bathing device 2; the waste water tank 3 is connected to the filter 5 through the waste water collecting pipe 4; the bottom of the waste water tank 3 is provided with a belt The waste water venting pipe 8 of the valve;
所述过滤器5通过废水水泵6连接水-水换热器7的热水进口；水-水换热器7的热水出口通过管路连接蒸发器93的入口，蒸发器93的出口通过管路连接废水放空管8；The filter 5 is connected to the hot water inlet of the water-water heat exchanger 7 through the waste water pump 6; the hot water outlet of the water-water heat exchanger 7 is connected to the inlet of the evaporator 93 through a pipeline, and the outlet of the evaporator 93 is passed through a pipe The road is connected to the waste water venting pipe 8;
所述水-水换热器7的进水口通过第一输水管10连接自来水泵14；水-水换热器7的出水口通过管路连接吸收器94的入口，吸收器94的出水口通过管路连接冷凝器92的进水口，冷凝器92的出水口通过第三管路22连接热水箱1的顶部；所述热水箱1的底部还通过B旁通管17连接在自来水泵14的上游管路上；The water inlet of the water-water heat exchanger 7 is connected to the tap water pump 14 through the first water delivery pipe 10; the water outlet of the water-water heat exchanger 7 is connected to the inlet of the absorber 94 through a pipeline, and the water outlet of the absorber 94 passes through The pipeline is connected to the water inlet of the condenser 92, and the water outlet of the condenser 92 is connected to the top of the hot water tank 1 through the third pipeline 22; the bottom of the hot water tank 1 is also connected to the tap water pump 14 through the B bypass pipe 17 on the upstream pipeline;
所述烟气换热器21的进水口通过第二输水管20连接第一输水管10；烟气换热器21的出水口通过三通阀16的其中一个端口连接热泵发生器91的进水口，热泵发生器91的出水口通过第三管路22连接热水箱1；所述三通阀16的另一个端口直接与第三管路22连接；所述热泵发生器91的烟气出口连接烟气换热器21。The water inlet of the flue gas heat exchanger 21 is connected to the first water pipe 10 through the second water pipe 20; the water outlet of the flue gas heat exchanger 21 is connected to the water inlet of the heat pump generator 91 through one of the ports of the three-way valve 16 , the water outlet of the heat pump generator 91 is connected to the hot water tank 1 through the third pipeline 22; the other port of the three-way valve 16 is directly connected to the third pipeline 22; the flue gas outlet of the heat pump generator 91 is connected to Flue gas heat exchanger 21.
热泵发生器91与吸收器94之间通过溶液热交换器95连接；热泵发生器91内的稀溶液沸腾产生制冷剂蒸汽，稀溶液同时被浓缩，制冷剂蒸汽通过管路进入冷凝器92，冷凝器92使制冷剂蒸汽冷凝，放出凝结热；所述冷凝器92内的制冷剂液体通过管路进入蒸发器93内；所述蒸发器93与吸收器94的喷头之间通过管路相互连通。The heat pump generator 91 and the absorber 94 are connected through a solution heat exchanger 95; the dilute solution in the heat pump generator 91 boils to generate refrigerant vapor, and the dilute solution is concentrated at the same time, and the refrigerant vapor enters the condenser 92 through the pipeline, and condenses The condenser 92 condenses the refrigerant vapor and releases the heat of condensation; the refrigerant liquid in the condenser 92 enters the evaporator 93 through a pipeline; the evaporator 93 communicates with the nozzle of the absorber 94 through a pipeline.
所述第二输水管20与自来水泵14的出水口设有第二流量阀13；所述第一输水管10与自来水泵14的出水口设有第一流量阀11。The outlets of the second water delivery pipe 20 and the water pump 14 are provided with a second flow valve 13 ; the outlets of the first water delivery pipe 10 and the water pump 14 are provided with a first flow valve 11 .
所述水-水换热器7的出水口管路与第一输水管10之间，通过一带有电磁阀15的A旁通管18连接。The water outlet pipeline of the water-water heat exchanger 7 is connected to the first water delivery pipe 10 through an A bypass pipe 18 with a solenoid valve 15 .
所述B旁通管17连接自来水泵14的上游管路上设有止回阀19；所述自来水泵14与自来水管的连接处设有自来水流量阀12。A check valve 19 is provided on the upstream pipeline connecting the B bypass pipe 17 to the tap water pump 14; a tap water flow valve 12 is provided at the connection between the tap water pump 14 and the tap water pipe.
上述采用直燃式吸收热泵的浴室余热回收系统的运行方法如下：The operation method of the bathroom waste heat recovery system using the direct-fired absorption heat pump is as follows:
在每天洗浴开始时，废水箱3中没有废水，此时洗澡水的余热回收不启用。When bathing starts every day, there is no waste water in the waste water tank 3, and now the waste heat recovery of bath water is not enabled.
在热泵发生器91中利用天然气燃烧释放的热量加热自来水，并且在烟气换热器21中利用燃气烟道气对进入发生器91的自来水预热，回收天然气低品位热量的15％；经发生器91加热至50℃的热水送至热水箱1作为洗浴用水；In the heat pump generator 91, the heat released by the combustion of natural gas is used to heat tap water, and in the flue gas heat exchanger 21, the tap water entering the generator 91 is preheated with gas flue gas, and 15% of the low-grade heat of natural gas is recovered; The hot water heated to 50°C by the device 91 is sent to the hot water tank 1 as water for bathing;
废水箱3连接洗澡的废水收集管4，通过洗澡废水收集管4收集具有热量的洗澡废水，当废水箱3中水位达到设定值时，吸收器94启动余热回收状态；The waste water tank 3 is connected to the waste water collection pipe 4 for bathing, and the bath waste water with heat is collected through the waste water collection pipe 4 for bathing. When the water level in the waste water tank 3 reaches the set value, the absorber 94 starts the waste heat recovery state;
洗澡废水从废水箱3底部经由过滤器5过滤，然后泵送入水-水换热器7；废水在水-水换热器7内与自来水进行换热，冷自来水从12℃加热到25℃，排出的废水温度由30℃降至17℃；然后废水去热泵单元的蒸发器93，再经由废水放空管8排出系统，在吸收热泵的蒸发器93中制冷剂吸热汽化对洗澡废水的低温余热实现进一步回收利用。Bathing waste water is filtered from the bottom of the waste water tank 3 through the filter 5, and then pumped into the water-water heat exchanger 7; the waste water exchanges heat with tap water in the water-water heat exchanger 7, and the cold tap water is heated from 12°C to 25°C. The temperature of the discharged waste water drops from 30°C to 17°C; then the waste water goes to the evaporator 93 of the heat pump unit, and then is discharged from the system through the waste water vent pipe 8, and the refrigerant absorbs heat and vaporizes in the evaporator 93 of the absorption heat pump to reduce the low temperature of the bath waste water Waste heat can be further recycled.
经水-水换热器7初步加热的自来水通过管路依次送至吸收器94和冷凝器92中，在此吸收稀溶液的热量使自身升温，最后与烟气换热器21加热的热水汇合通入热水箱1备洗浴使用；即热泵单元的热泵发生器91处于该状态时，自来水分两部分分别加热，一部分通过第二流量阀13进入烟气换热器21，加热至50℃并进入热水箱1，另一部分由自来水水泵14加压后进入水-水换热器7与洗浴废水进行热交换加热至25℃，然后依次进入吸收器94和冷凝器92带出热泵的热量，通过第一流量阀11的开度控制该部分热水的最终加热温度为50℃，然后与第一部分的热水汇合进入热水箱1。The tap water preliminarily heated by the water-water heat exchanger 7 is sent to the absorber 94 and the condenser 92 sequentially through the pipeline, where it absorbs the heat of the dilute solution to heat itself up, and finally the hot water heated by the flue gas heat exchanger 21 Converge into the hot water tank 1 for bathing; that is, when the heat pump generator 91 of the heat pump unit is in this state, the two parts of the tap water are heated separately, and one part enters the flue gas heat exchanger 21 through the second flow valve 13 and is heated to 50°C And enter the hot water tank 1, and the other part is pressurized by the tap water pump 14 and then enters the water-water heat exchanger 7 to exchange heat with the bathing waste water to heat up to 25°C, and then enters the absorber 94 and condenser 92 to take out the heat of the heat pump The final heating temperature of this part of hot water is controlled to 50° C. by the opening of the first flow valve 11 , and then merges with the first part of hot water into the hot water tank 1 .
通过调节电磁阀15启闭控制水-水换热器7的进水温度；当进水温度高于25℃，电磁阀15打开，自来水直接进入热泵单元的吸收器94和冷凝器92；自来水流量阀12根据热水箱1内液面控制自来水流量；当液位为高时，阀开度关小，自来水泵14流量减小，自来水泵14入口压力变化，热水箱1内的热水通过B旁通管17流入自来水泵14入口与自来水混合进入系统加热。Control the inlet water temperature of the water-water heat exchanger 7 by adjusting the opening and closing of the solenoid valve 15; when the inlet water temperature is higher than 25°C, the solenoid valve 15 is opened, and the tap water directly enters the absorber 94 and the condenser 92 of the heat pump unit; the tap water flow rate The valve 12 controls the tap water flow rate according to the liquid level in the hot water tank 1; when the liquid level is high, the valve opening is closed, the flow rate of the tap water pump 14 decreases, the inlet pressure of the tap water pump 14 changes, and the hot water in the hot water tank 1 passes through The B bypass pipe 17 flows into the inlet of the tap water pump 14 and mixes with the tap water to enter the system for heating.
当自来水流量阀12完全关闭时，热水箱1内热水进行完全的再热循环；当热水箱1内水位为低时，自来水流量阀12开度增大，自来水泵14流量增大，且自来水泵14入口压力增大，通过B旁通管17进入自来水泵14的水量减少。When the tap water flow valve 12 is completely closed, the hot water in the hot water tank 1 undergoes a complete reheating cycle; when the water level in the hot water tank 1 is low, the opening of the tap water flow valve 12 increases, and the flow of the tap water pump 14 increases. And the inlet pressure of the tap water pump 14 increases, and the amount of water entering the tap water pump 14 through the B bypass pipe 17 decreases.
本发明相对于现有技术，具有如下的优点及效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and effects:
本发明将直燃式吸收热泵应用于公共浴室的余热回收，以相对电能级较低的天然气作为能量来源，能效高，清洁环保。The invention applies a direct-fired absorption heat pump to waste heat recovery in public bathrooms, and uses natural gas with a relatively low electric energy level as an energy source, which has high energy efficiency, cleanness and environmental protection.
本发明将废水池外接水-水换热器完成洗澡用水与自来水的热交换，可以将自来水加热至25℃左右，实现对热水的热量回收利用，节省能源。In the invention, a water-water heat exchanger is externally connected to the waste water pool to complete the heat exchange between bathing water and tap water, and the tap water can be heated to about 25° C., so as to realize heat recovery and utilization of hot water and save energy.
本发明在发生器外设置烟气换热器，利用烟气余热对进入发生器的自来水预热，约回收天然气热量的15％，提高了能源利用率，减少环境热污染。The invention arranges a flue gas heat exchanger outside the generator, utilizes the waste heat of the flue gas to preheat tap water entering the generator, recovers about 15% of the heat of natural gas, improves energy utilization rate, and reduces environmental thermal pollution.
本发明结构简单，使用方便快捷；不仅可以回收利用洗澡废水余热，而且可以进一步利用燃气余热对自来水进行加热。The invention is simple in structure, convenient and quick to use; not only can recycle and utilize the residual heat of bathing waste water, but also can further use the residual heat of gas to heat tap water.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明采用直燃式吸收热泵的浴室余热回收系统的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a bathroom waste heat recovery system using a direct-fired absorption heat pump according to the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步具体详细描述。The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
实施例Example
如图1所示。本发明公开了一种采用直燃式吸收热泵的浴室余热回收系统，包括热水箱1、洗浴装置2、废水箱3、废水收集管4、过滤器5、废水水泵6、水-水换热器7、废水放空管8、烟气换热器21、发生器91、冷凝器92、蒸发器93、吸收器94；As shown in Figure 1. The invention discloses a bathroom waste heat recovery system adopting a direct-fired absorption heat pump, comprising a hot water tank 1, a bathing device 2, a waste water tank 3, a waste water collection pipe 4, a filter 5, a waste water pump 6, and water-water heat exchange 7, waste water vent pipe 8, flue gas heat exchanger 21, generator 91, condenser 92, evaporator 93, absorber 94;
所述洗浴装置2安装在热水箱1的底部；所述废水箱3安装在洗浴装置2的下方；所述废水箱3通过废水收集管4连接过滤器5；废水箱3的底部设有一带阀门的废水放空管8；The bathing device 2 is installed on the bottom of the hot water tank 1; the waste water tank 3 is installed under the bathing device 2; the waste water tank 3 is connected to the filter 5 through the waste water collecting pipe 4; the bottom of the waste water tank 3 is provided with a belt The waste water venting pipe 8 of the valve;
所述过滤器5通过废水水泵6连接水-水换热器7的热水进口；水-水换热器7的热水出口通过管路连接蒸发器93的入口，蒸发器93的出口通过管路连接废水放空管8；The filter 5 is connected to the hot water inlet of the water-water heat exchanger 7 through the waste water pump 6; the hot water outlet of the water-water heat exchanger 7 is connected to the inlet of the evaporator 93 through a pipeline, and the outlet of the evaporator 93 is passed through a pipe The road is connected to the waste water venting pipe 8;
所述水-水换热器7的进水口通过第一输水管10连接自来水泵14；水-水换热器7的出水口通过管路连接吸收器94的入口，吸收器94的出水口通过管路连接冷凝器92的进水口，冷凝器92的出水口通过第三管路22连接热水箱1的顶部；所述热水箱1的底部还通过B旁通管17连接在自来水泵14的上游管路上；The water inlet of the water-water heat exchanger 7 is connected to the tap water pump 14 through the first water delivery pipe 10; the water outlet of the water-water heat exchanger 7 is connected to the inlet of the absorber 94 through a pipeline, and the water outlet of the absorber 94 passes through The pipeline is connected to the water inlet of the condenser 92, and the water outlet of the condenser 92 is connected to the top of the hot water tank 1 through the third pipeline 22; the bottom of the hot water tank 1 is also connected to the tap water pump 14 through the B bypass pipe 17 on the upstream pipeline;
所述烟气换热器21的进水口通过第二输水管20连接第一输水管10；烟气换热器21的出水口通过三通阀16的其中一个端口连接热泵发生器91的进水口，热泵发生器91的出水口通过第三管路22连接热水箱1；所述三通阀16的另一个端口直接与第三管路22连接；所述热泵发生器91的烟气出口连接烟气换热器21。The water inlet of the flue gas heat exchanger 21 is connected to the first water pipe 10 through the second water pipe 20; the water outlet of the flue gas heat exchanger 21 is connected to the water inlet of the heat pump generator 91 through one of the ports of the three-way valve 16 , the water outlet of the heat pump generator 91 is connected to the hot water tank 1 through the third pipeline 22; the other port of the three-way valve 16 is directly connected to the third pipeline 22; the flue gas outlet of the heat pump generator 91 is connected to Flue gas heat exchanger 21.
热泵发生器91与吸收器94之间通过溶液热交换器95连接；热泵发生器91内的稀溶液沸腾产生制冷剂蒸汽，稀溶液同时被浓缩后通过管路进入冷凝器92，冷凝器92使制冷剂蒸汽冷凝，放出凝结热；所述冷凝器92内的制冷剂液体通过管路进入蒸发器93内；所述蒸发器93与吸收器94的喷头之间通过管路相互连通。The heat pump generator 91 and the absorber 94 are connected through a solution heat exchanger 95; the dilute solution in the heat pump generator 91 boils to generate refrigerant vapor, and the dilute solution is simultaneously concentrated and enters the condenser 92 through a pipeline, and the condenser 92 makes The refrigerant vapor condenses and releases condensation heat; the refrigerant liquid in the condenser 92 enters the evaporator 93 through a pipeline; the evaporator 93 and the nozzle of the absorber 94 communicate with each other through a pipeline.
所述第二输水管20与自来水泵14的出水口设有第二流量阀13；所述第一输水管10与自来水泵14的出水口设有第一流量阀11。The outlets of the second water delivery pipe 20 and the water pump 14 are provided with a second flow valve 13 ; the outlets of the first water delivery pipe 10 and the water pump 14 are provided with a first flow valve 11 .
所述水-水换热器7的出水口管路与第一输水管10之间，通过一带有电磁阀15的A旁通管18连接。The water outlet pipeline of the water-water heat exchanger 7 is connected to the first water delivery pipe 10 through an A bypass pipe 18 with a solenoid valve 15 .
所述B旁通管17连接自来水泵14的上游管路上设有止回阀19；所述自来水泵14与自来水管的连接处设有自来水流量阀12。A check valve 19 is provided on the upstream pipeline connecting the B bypass pipe 17 to the tap water pump 14; a tap water flow valve 12 is provided at the connection between the tap water pump 14 and the tap water pipe.
本发明采用直燃式吸收热泵的浴室余热回收系统的运行方法，可通过步骤实现：The operation method of the bathroom waste heat recovery system using the direct-fired absorption heat pump in the present invention can be realized through the following steps:
在每天洗浴开始时，废水箱3中没有废水(或废水较少)，此时洗澡水的余热回收不启用。When bathing starts every day, there is no waste water (or waste water is less) in waste water tank 3, and now the waste heat recovery of bath water is not enabled.
在热泵发生器91中利用天然气燃烧释放的热量加热自来水，并且在烟气换热器21中利用燃气烟道(170℃)对进入发生器91的自来水预热，回收天然气低品位热量的15％左右；经发生器91加热至50℃的热水送至热水箱1作为洗浴用水；In the heat pump generator 91, the heat released by natural gas combustion is used to heat the tap water, and in the flue gas heat exchanger 21, the gas flue (170°C) is used to preheat the tap water entering the generator 91, recovering 15% of the low-grade heat of natural gas Left and right; the hot water heated to 50°C by the generator 91 is sent to the hot water tank 1 as bathing water;
废水箱3连接洗澡的废水收集管4，通过洗澡废水收集管4收集带有一定热量的洗澡废水，当废水箱3中水位达到设定值时，吸收器94启动余热回收状态；The waste water tank 3 is connected to the waste water collection pipe 4 for bathing, and the bath waste water with a certain amount of heat is collected through the waste water collection pipe 4 for bathing. When the water level in the waste water tank 3 reaches the set value, the absorber 94 starts the waste heat recovery state;
洗澡废水从废水箱3底部经由过滤器5过滤，然后泵送入水-水换热器7；废水在水-水换热器7内与自来水进行换热，冷自来水从12℃加热到25℃，排出的废水温度由30℃降至17℃；然后废水去热泵单元的蒸发器93，再经由废水放空管8排出系统，废水水泵6从废水中提取热量；Bathing waste water is filtered from the bottom of the waste water tank 3 through the filter 5, and then pumped into the water-water heat exchanger 7; the waste water exchanges heat with tap water in the water-water heat exchanger 7, and the cold tap water is heated from 12°C to 25°C. The temperature of the discharged waste water is reduced from 30°C to 17°C; then the waste water goes to the evaporator 93 of the heat pump unit, and then is discharged from the system through the waste water vent pipe 8, and the waste water pump 6 extracts heat from the waste water;
经水-水换热器7初步加热的自来水通过管路依次送至吸收器94和冷凝器92中，在此吸收稀溶液的热量使自身升温，最后与烟气换热器21加热的热水汇合通入热水箱1备洗浴使用；即热泵单元的热泵发生器91处于该状态时，自来水分两部分分别加热，一部分通过第二流量阀13进入烟气换热器21，加热至50℃并进入热水箱1，另一部分由自来水水泵14加压后进入水-水换热器7与洗浴废水进行热交换加热至25℃，然后依次进入吸收器94和冷凝器92带出热泵的热量，通过第一流量阀11的开度控制该部分热水的最终加热温度为50℃，然后与第一部分的热水汇合进入热水箱1；The tap water preliminarily heated by the water-water heat exchanger 7 is sent to the absorber 94 and the condenser 92 sequentially through the pipeline, where it absorbs the heat of the dilute solution to heat itself up, and finally the hot water heated by the flue gas heat exchanger 21 Converge into the hot water tank 1 for bathing; that is, when the heat pump generator 91 of the heat pump unit is in this state, the two parts of the tap water are heated separately, and one part enters the flue gas heat exchanger 21 through the second flow valve 13 and is heated to 50°C And enter the hot water tank 1, and the other part is pressurized by the tap water pump 14 and then enters the water-water heat exchanger 7 to exchange heat with the bathing waste water to heat up to 25°C, and then enters the absorber 94 and condenser 92 to take out the heat of the heat pump , through the opening of the first flow valve 11, the final heating temperature of this part of hot water is controlled to be 50°C, and then merged with the first part of hot water into the hot water tank 1;
通过调节电磁阀15启闭控制水-水换热器7的进水温度；当进水温度高于25℃，电磁阀15打开，自来水直接进入热泵单元的吸收器94和冷凝器92；此方法不仅可确保热水箱1中蓄水的再循环加热，又能保证流入热泵机组的水量稳定，有助于装置的稳定运行。在每天洗浴结束前一段时间提前关闭燃气，三通阀16切换至烟气换热器21出来的自来水直接进入热水箱1的状态，减小第二流量阀13开度以保持热水可以被加热的温度，减少燃气使用量。Control the inlet water temperature of the water-water heat exchanger 7 by adjusting the opening and closing of the solenoid valve 15; when the inlet water temperature is higher than 25°C, the solenoid valve 15 is opened, and the tap water directly enters the absorber 94 and the condenser 92 of the heat pump unit; this method It can not only ensure the recirculation heating of the water stored in the hot water tank 1, but also ensure the stability of the water flowing into the heat pump unit, which contributes to the stable operation of the device. Turn off the gas in advance for a period of time before the end of the bath every day, switch the three-way valve 16 to the state where the tap water from the flue gas heat exchanger 21 directly enters the hot water tank 1, and reduce the opening of the second flow valve 13 to keep the hot water can be consumed Heating temperature, reducing gas usage.
热水箱1与自来水泵14入口之间设置B旁通管17，并在旁B旁通管17上设置一个止回阀19。自来水流量阀12用于调节进入热泵单元的热泵发生器91内的水流量稳定。在系统操作过程中，自来水流量阀12根据热水箱1内液面控制自来水流量；当液位为高时，阀开度关小，自来水泵14流量减小，自来水泵14入口压力变化，热水箱1内的热水通过B旁通管17流入自来水泵14入口与自来水混合进入系统加热；A B bypass pipe 17 is arranged between the hot water tank 1 and the tap water pump 14 inlet, and a check valve 19 is arranged on the bypass B bypass pipe 17 . The tap water flow valve 12 is used to regulate the stability of the water flow entering the heat pump generator 91 of the heat pump unit. During the system operation, the tap water flow valve 12 controls the tap water flow according to the liquid level in the hot water tank 1; The hot water in the water tank 1 flows into the inlet of the tap water pump 14 through the B bypass pipe 17 and mixes with the tap water to enter the system for heating;
当自来水流量阀12完全关闭时，热水箱1内热水进行完全的再热循环；当热水箱1内水位为低时，自来水流量阀12开度增大，自来水泵14流量增大，且自来水泵14入口压力增大，通过B旁通管17进入自来水泵14的水量减少；When the tap water flow valve 12 is completely closed, the hot water in the hot water tank 1 undergoes a complete reheating cycle; when the water level in the hot water tank 1 is low, the opening of the tap water flow valve 12 increases, and the flow of the tap water pump 14 increases. And the inlet pressure of the tap water pump 14 increases, and the water yield entering the tap water pump 14 by the B bypass pipe 17 decreases;
止回阀19的设置使自来水在任何情况下都不能经由B旁通管17直接进入热水箱1。The setting of check valve 19 makes tap water all can not directly enter hot water tank 1 via B bypass pipe 17 under any circumstances.
本发明采用直燃式吸收热泵的余热回收系统，废水经过过滤在水-水换热器中与自来水进行热交换，自来水的温度从12℃增加到25℃，废水水温由30℃下降至17℃；利用烟气废热对自来水进行热回收，烟道气温度由170℃降至30℃，燃气燃烧的热效率从91％升至106％，等同于回收天然气低品位热量的15％。The invention adopts the waste heat recovery system of the direct-fired absorption heat pump, the waste water is filtered and exchanged with the tap water in the water-water heat exchanger, the temperature of the tap water increases from 12°C to 25°C, and the temperature of the waste water drops from 30°C to 17°C ;Using flue gas waste heat to recover tap water, the temperature of flue gas is reduced from 170°C to 30°C, and the thermal efficiency of gas combustion increases from 91% to 106%, which is equivalent to recovering 15% of the low-grade heat of natural gas.
本发明发生器91使稀溶液沸腾产生制冷剂蒸汽，稀溶液同时被浓缩，冷凝器92使制冷剂蒸汽冷凝，放出凝结热；发生器91和冷凝器92之间的管道内通的是制冷剂蒸汽。然后，制冷剂液体由冷凝器92进入蒸发器93，在蒸发器93中，借助制冷剂的蒸发来从低温热源吸收热量，在蒸发器93的底部设置了自循环泵，功能是将底部的制冷剂液体泵送至蒸发器顶部喷头然后喷淋下来，使制冷剂液体充分吸收来自水-水换热器7的废水的低温余热然后汽化。制冷剂蒸汽通过管路从蒸发器93进入吸收器94，另一方面从发生器91流出，通过溶液热交换器95预冷后的浓溶液进入吸收器94通过顶部的喷头喷淋下来，流经水冷却盘管进一步冷却，通入的制冷剂蒸汽也得到冷却，在吸收器94底部得到工质对的稀溶液。The generator 91 of the present invention boils the dilute solution to generate refrigerant vapor, and the dilute solution is concentrated at the same time, and the condenser 92 condenses the refrigerant vapor to release the heat of condensation; the pipeline between the generator 91 and the condenser 92 communicates with refrigerant steam. Then, the refrigerant liquid enters the evaporator 93 from the condenser 92. In the evaporator 93, heat is absorbed from the low-temperature heat source by means of the evaporation of the refrigerant. The refrigerant liquid is pumped to the top nozzle of the evaporator and then sprayed down, so that the refrigerant liquid fully absorbs the low-temperature waste heat from the waste water from the water-water heat exchanger 7 and then evaporates. The refrigerant vapor enters the absorber 94 from the evaporator 93 through the pipeline, and flows out from the generator 91 on the other hand. The concentrated solution pre-cooled by the solution heat exchanger 95 enters the absorber 94, sprays down from the top nozzle, and flows through The water cooling coil is further cooled, and the refrigerant vapor passed in is also cooled, and a dilute solution of the working medium pair is obtained at the bottom of the absorber 94 .
本发明以天然气为直接能源，利用吸收式热泵技术充分回收利用废水和烟道气余热，大幅提高能源热效率，减少环境热污染，降低公共浴室运行成本，具有非常高的经济效益和环保意义。The invention uses natural gas as direct energy, fully recycles waste water and waste heat of flue gas by using absorption heat pump technology, greatly improves energy thermal efficiency, reduces environmental heat pollution, and reduces operating costs of public bathrooms, which has very high economic benefits and environmental protection significance.
如上所述，便可较好地实现本发明。As described above, the present invention can be preferably carried out.
本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制，其他任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化，均应为等效的置换方式，都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The implementation of the present invention is not limited by the above examples, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be equivalent replacement methods, and are all included in within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
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