CN106134966A - Ecological Planting Box - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an ecological planting box. Ecological planting case includes the base and sets up the breeding device on the base, breeding device is including placing the stock solution dish that is used for holding the nutrient solution on the base and being located stock solution dish top supplies to cultivate the cultivation board of plant. The ecological planting box further comprises an illumination module for providing a light source for plant growth, a ventilation module for keeping air circulation in the ecological planting box, a water level monitoring device for monitoring the water level height of nutrient solution in the liquid storage disc in real time, an oxygen supplying module for providing oxygen for the nutrient solution and an electric control assembly for electrically controlling the ecological planting box. The ecological planting box disclosed by the invention adopts a soilless culture mode, has the advantages of intelligent control, no pollution, no pesticide, no soil scattering, no insect attraction, easiness in management and the like, and can comprehensively improve the planting experience of a user.

Description

Ecological Planting Box

technical field

The invention relates to an ecological planting box.

Background technique

In recent years, incidents of "poisonous bean sprouts", "poisonous beans" and "poisonous leeks" have occurred from time to time, and the degree of harm is shocking. Food safety has become an imminent issue of people's livelihood.

With the expansion of urbanization and the reduction of per capita living area, the area of arable land is decreasing, and the area of vegetable planting is even less. Children living in high-rise buildings rarely have the opportunity to go to the fields, and most of them lack an intuitive understanding of the growth process of various vegetables. With the continuous improvement of people's material civilization, more and more people begin to pay attention to the satisfaction of spiritual civilization. Among them, breeding flowers and plants is accepted by many middle-aged and elderly people and office white-collar workers. However, troublesome soil cultivation management, sanitary and tidy problems caused by scattered soil, and plants are easy to attract insects have become common problems that plague people and reduce people's planting experience.

The existing soilless cultivation devices can well solve the problems of plant root attachment, respiration, water supply, and nutrient supply. However, due to the limitation of family conditions, household soilless cultivation often cannot meet the light and temperature conditions required for plant growth at any time. , Limiting the development of family soilless cultivation.

In view of this, it is necessary to improve the existing soilless cultivation device to solve the above problems.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide an ecological planting box, which can meet the light and temperature conditions required for plant growth, and can solve the problems of soil scattering, pesticide residues, difficulty in management and insect attraction in existing cultivation methods.

In order to achieve the purpose of the above invention, the present invention provides an ecological planting box for soilless cultivation of plants, the ecological planting box includes:

A box body, the box body including a base;

The cultivating device is accommodated in the box and placed on the base, the cultivating device includes a liquid storage pan placed on the base for containing nutrient solution and a storage pan for cultivating plants above the liquid storage pan incubation plate;

Wherein, the ecological planting box also includes a lighting module that provides a light source for plant growth, a ventilation module that maintains air circulation in the ecological planting box, a water level monitoring device that monitors the water level of the nutrient solution in the liquid storage tray in real time, and provides oxygen for the nutrient solution. The oxygen injection module and the electronic control component for electronic control of the ecological planting box, the liquid storage tray is stored in the base in a drawer type and can be pushed in and pulled out horizontally in the base.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the oxygen pumping module includes an air pump fixed on the base, an air-water mixing structure arranged on the liquid storage tray, and an air delivery device connecting the air pump and the air-water mixing structure. channel, and when the liquid storage tray is completely accommodated in the base, the air delivery channel communicates with the air pump and the air-water mixing structure, and when the liquid storage tray is pulled out, the air pump and the air The water mixing structure is broken.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the oxygen pumping module further includes an air pump cover arranged outside the air pump, the air delivery channel includes an air outlet opened on the air pump cover and an air-water mixing structure The air delivery pipe on the top protrudes into the air outlet to introduce oxygen into the air-water mixing structure.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the box body also includes support walls located on both sides of the base, a front wall and a rear wall connecting the two support walls, and a covering device covering the top of the box body. At least one of the wall, the rear wall and the two supporting walls is light-turnable glass.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the lighting module is arranged in the covering device, and includes lighting lamps evenly distributed on the covering device, and a light guide plate located under the lighting lamps to uniformly radiate the light source of the lighting lamps And a controller arranged on the covering device for controlling the intensity of the light source of the illuminating light, and the electric control component is used for controlling the light-on time of the illuminating module.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the ventilation module is arranged on the two supporting walls, and includes an air inlet opened on one of the supporting walls, an air outlet opened on the other supporting wall, and an air outlet close to the outlet. The air inlet is provided with a fan, the air inlet and the air outlet are arranged in a space diagonally, and the electric control component is used to control the opening and closing of the ventilation module.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the ecological planting box also includes a control panel for controlling and displaying the temperature, humidity and/or light in the ecological planting box, the control panel is arranged on the front side of the covering device and Connected with the electronic control unit.

As a further improvement of the present invention, a semi-closed pipe cavity is provided in the liquid storage tray, the water level monitoring device is arranged in the pipe cavity, and a water level scale line is provided on the water level monitoring device.

As a further improvement of the present invention, a number of through holes are opened on the cultivation plate, and a sponge body is arranged in the through hole, one end of the sponge body is concavely provided with a groove, and the other end protrudes into the liquid storage tray. In the nutrient solution, the plant seeds are placed in the groove.

As a further improvement of the present invention, several fixing holes are opened on the cultivation plate, and the plant seedlings are fixed in the fixing holes and the roots extend into the nutrient solution.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the ecological planting box of the present invention can realize the soilless cultivation of plants by setting a liquid storage tray and a cultivation plate on the base of the box body; The ventilation module that maintains the air circulation in the ecological planting box, the water level monitoring device that monitors the water level of the nutrient solution in the liquid storage tray in real time, the oxygen injection module that provides oxygen for the nutrient solution, and the electronic control component that electrically controls the ecological planting box, so that Intelligent control of the ecological planting box can be realized to ensure that the plants grow in the best environment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the ecological planting box of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is another perspective view of the ecological planting box shown in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the ecological planting box shown in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 4 is another perspective exploded view of the ecological planting box shown in Fig. 3 .

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the fan in FIG. 4 .

Fig. 6 is a partially exploded view of the liquid storage tray and the oxygen injection module in Fig. 3 .

FIG. 7 is an exploded schematic diagram of the culture plate and the liquid storage tray in FIG. 3 .

FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of the liquid storage tray in FIG. 7 .

FIG. 9 is a partial enlarged view of A in FIG. 8 .

Fig. 10 is an exploded schematic diagram of the covering device and the box body of the ecological planting box shown in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 11 is a perspective view of the ecological planting box shown in Fig. 1 with the front wall removed.

Fig. 12 is a schematic perspective view of the ecological planting box assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a flowchart of an ecological plant cultivation method utilizing an ecological planting box for plant cultivation.

detailed description

In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 4 and Fig. 12, the ecological planting box 100 of the present invention is used for soilless cultivation of plants. The ecological planting box 100 includes a box body 10, a cultivation device 70 housed in the box body 10, a lighting module 20 that provides a light source for plant growth, a ventilation module that maintains the air circulation in the ecological planting box 100, real-time A water level monitoring device 40 for monitoring the water level of the nutrient solution, an oxygen injection module 50 for providing oxygen for the nutrient solution, and an electronic control component for electrically controlling the ecological planting box 100 .

The box body 10 includes a base 106, support walls on both sides of the base 106, a front wall 101 and a rear wall 102 connecting the two support walls, and a cover device 105 covering the top of the box body 10. The covering device 105 , the front wall 101 , the rear wall 102 , the two supporting walls and the base 106 jointly form a cultivation space.

The bottom end of the base 106 is provided with a downward protruding protrusion 80, and the top of the cover device 105 is provided with a downwardly recessed groove portion 90, so that when several ecological planting boxes 100 are placed up and down , the protruding portion 80 of the ecological planting box 100 at the upper part and the groove portion 90 of the ecological planting box 100 at the lower part can be engaged with each other, so that a plurality of ecological planting boxes 100 are arranged up and down and stacked to form an ecological planting box assembly 200 . The protruding portion 80 includes at least two protruding strips 801 arranged diagonally, and the protruding strips 801 are L-shaped as a whole. In this embodiment, the number of the protruding strips 801 is four. As another implementation manner, the protruding portion 80 is an annular protruding strip 801 disposed around the bottom end of the base 106 . When a plurality of ecological planting boxes 100 are arranged up and down, the protruding strip 801 and the groove portion 90 are engaged and fixed to each other, thereby reducing the storage space of a plurality of ecological planting boxes 100, and the ecological planting box assembly 200 is also It can cultivate a variety of plants and improve the user's planting experience and visual effects.

The supporting walls include a left supporting wall 103 and a right supporting wall 104 . Bottom ends of the left support wall 103 and the right support wall 104 are clamped and fixed on the base 106 . The sides of the left support wall 103 and the right support wall 104 are provided with buckle fixing structures 107, and the buckle fixing structures 107 include cylinders (not numbered) arranged on the front wall 101 and the rear wall 102 And the buckle cavity 1072 provided on the left support wall 103 and the right support wall 104 . The front wall 101 and the rear wall 102 can be assembled and fixed on the left support wall 103 and the right support wall 104 through the buckle fixing structure 107 .

At least one of the front wall 101, the rear wall 102, the left support wall 103 and the right support wall 104 is a switchable glass that can filter blue light and red light in natural light and convert other colored light into red and blue light needed by plants. . Preferably, the front wall 101 is transparent switchable glass, but not limited to the front wall 101 .

As shown in FIGS. 7 to 9 , the cultivation device 70 is accommodated in the cultivation space and placed on the base 106 . The cultivating device 70 includes a liquid storage tray 701 placed on the base 106 for containing nutrient solution, a first cultivation plate 702 above the liquid storage tray 701 for cultivating plants, and a plate clamped on the liquid storage tray. 701 and the second cultivating plate 703 between the first cultivating plate 702, the first cultivating plate 702 is used to place plant seeds and cultivate the plant seeds into seedlings, and the second cultivating plate 703 is used for the growth of seedlings . The liquid storage tray 701 includes a bottom wall 7011 , four side walls 7012 extending upward from the four side edges of the bottom wall 7011 , one of the side walls 7012 has a recessed portion 7013 . Both sides of the base 106 are provided with slides 1061 for the free drawing of the liquid storage tray 701. The liquid storage tray 701 is accommodated in the base 106 in a drawer shape and can be moved along the inside of the base 106. The slideway 1061 is pushed in and pulled out horizontally.

The first incubation plate 702 is provided with two handles 7024 that can be grasped by hand to take out the first incubation plate 702 . The first cultivation plate 702 is also provided with a plurality of through holes 7021, the through holes 7021 are provided with a sponge body (not shown) for placing plant seeds, one end of the sponge body is concavely provided with a groove, and the other end Protruding into the nutrient solution of the liquid storage tray 701, the plant seeds are placed in the groove to absorb the required water through the sponge body. A growth cap 7023 for covering the through hole 7021 can also be placed on the through hole 7021, so as to block the through hole 7021 where no plant seeds are placed, and reduce the evaporation of the nutrient solution.

The second cultivating plate 703 is provided with a plurality of fixing holes 7031, and the plant seedlings are fixed in the fixing holes 7031 and their roots extend into the nutrient solution to absorb the components of the nutrient solution to meet the growth needs.

As shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11, the lighting module 20 is set in the cover device 105, including four lighting lamps 201 that are evenly distributed in the cover device 105 and can emit light with a wavelength similar to sunlight, located in the cover device 105. Below the illuminating lamp 201 is a light guide plate 202 for uniformly diverging the light source of the illuminating lamp 201 and a controller 203 arranged on the covering device 105 for controlling the intensity of the light source of the illuminating lamp 201 . The electric control component is used to control the lighting module 20 to be turned on, off and the duration of turning on the light.

As shown in Figures 3 to 5, the ventilation module is arranged on the two supporting walls, and includes an air inlet 301 opened on the left supporting wall 103, an air outlet 302 opened on the right supporting wall 104 and a The air outlet 302 is provided with a fan 3022 , and the air inlet 301 and the air outlet 302 are arranged in a space diagonal in the box body 10 . Preferably, the air inlet 301 is arranged close to the base 106 , and the air outlet 302 is arranged close to the cover device 105 . The inner side of the right support wall 104 is also provided with a fixing piece 3021 for limiting the fan 3022. The fan 3022 is fixed on the right support wall 104 and is limited between the fixing piece 3021 and the right support. between the walls 104 . When the fan 3022 is working, it can continuously discharge the air in the ecological planting box 100 to the outside of the box body 10, so that a negative pressure is formed in the ecological planting box 100, and the external air can pass through the air inlet 301 Entering the ecological planting box 100, the air circulation in the box body 10 is maintained by continuous circulation, so as to meet the needs of carbon dioxide when the plants in the ecological planting box 100 carry out photosynthesis. The electric control assembly is used to control the opening and closing of the ventilation module.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the water level monitoring device 40 is set in a semi-closed tube cavity 401 , and the tube cavity 401 is set at one of the corners of the side of the liquid storage tray 701 close to the front wall 101 . The water level monitoring device 40 is made of light material with a density lower than that of the nutrient solution, and the water level monitoring device 40 is provided with water level scale lines, which are red, blue and green from top to bottom. The user can judge the water level of the nutrient solution in the liquid storage tray 701 through the water level scale line leaked from the water level monitoring device 40 . When there is no nutrient solution in the liquid storage tray 701, the water level monitoring device 40 is in contact with the bottom of the liquid storage tray 701. At this time, only the red water level scale line of the water level monitoring device 40 can be seen from the outside, which means It means that the nutrient solution has been used up and needs to be added. After the nutrient solution is added, the water level monitoring device 40 rises under the buoyancy of the nutrient solution, and slowly leaks the blue water level scale line until the green water level scale line leaks out, which means that the nutrient solution in the liquid storage tray 701 has been filled up. In this embodiment, the water level monitoring device 40 is a water level buoy.

As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the oxygen pumping module 50 includes an air pump 501 fixed on the base 106, arranged on the liquid storage tray 701 to introduce oxygen into the liquid storage tray 701 and mix with the nutrient solution. Fully mixed gas-water mixing structure 502 and the gas delivery channel connecting the air pump 501 and the gas-water mixing structure 502, and when the liquid storage tray 701 is completely accommodated in the base 106, the gas delivery channel The air pump 501 is connected with the air-water mixing structure 502 , and when the liquid storage tray 701 is pulled out, the air pump 501 is disconnected from the air-water mixing structure 502 .

The oxygen pumping module 50 also includes an air pump cover 504 that is provided on the outside of the air pump 501, and the air delivery channel includes an air outlet (not shown) opened on the air pump cover 504 and an air outlet provided on the air-water channel. The air delivery pipe 5032 on the mixing structure, the air delivery pipe 5032 protrudes into the air outlet to introduce oxygen into the air-water mixing structure 502 . One end of the air delivery pipe 5032 is connected to the air outlet, and the other end is connected to the interior of the air-water mixing structure 502 . The oxygen pumping module 50 also includes a sealing device 5024 sealingly connecting the air outlet and the air delivery pipe 5032, and the sealing device 5024 is used to seal the air outlet and the air delivery pipe 5032 to prevent the air pump 501 from Air leaks when oxygen is introduced into the gas-water mixing structure 502 . In this embodiment, the sealing device 5024 is an annular plastic part.

The air-water mixing structure 502 is accommodated in the recessed portion 7013, and includes a gas storage area 5021 for storing oxygen, a water storage area 5022 located beside the gas storage area 5021 for storing nutrient solution, and a water storage area 5022 for storing nutrient solution. Between the water storage area 5022 and the gas storage area 5021 and partly separated from the water storage area 5022 and the gas storage area 5021 are the barrier ribs 5023 , and the cover 5026 arranged on the top of the air-water mixing structure 502 . The gas delivery pipe 5032 protrudes from the gas storage area 5021 and extends to communicate with the gas outlet. The barrier rib 5023 extends upward from the bottom of the air-water mixing structure 502 and extends to a position close to the top of the air-water mixing structure 502. There is no barrier at the top of the air-water mixing structure 502, so that not only The oxygen and the nutrient solution can be fully mixed, and at the same time, the nutrient solution can be prevented from leaking from the air outlet of the air pump cover 504 when the air pump 501 is not working. When the nutrient solution in the water storage area 5022 is filled up, the liquid level of the nutrient solution will not exceed the height of the barrier rib 5023, so the nutrient solution will not flow into the gas storage area 5021; When the air pump 501 is working, the oxygen in the gas storage area 5021 enters the water storage area 5022 through the opening at the top of the air-water mixing structure 502 to mix with the nutrient solution, so as to supplement the nutrient solution with oxygen.

The side wall 7012 of the liquid storage tray 701 is also provided with a water delivery pipe 5025 connecting the water storage area 5022 and the liquid storage tray 701, and the oxygen will automatically The water delivery pipe 5025 flows into the liquid storage pan 701 . The cover 5026 is detachable. When the cover 5026 is removed, the blocked state of the water delivery pipe 5025 and the gas delivery pipe 5032 can be observed, which is also convenient for cleaning the gas-water mixing structure 502 .

When the oxygen pumping module 50 is working, the air pump 501 feeds oxygen into the gas storage area 5021. At this time, the nutrient solution in the water storage area 5022 will not flow into the storage area due to the barrier ribs 5023. In the gas zone 5021, the oxygen introduced enters the water storage zone 5022 from between the top of the barrier rib 5023 and the top of the air-water mixing structure 502 and fully mixes with the nutrient solution in the water storage zone 5022, Finally, the water flows into the liquid storage tray 701 from the water delivery pipe 5021, so as to achieve the purpose of supplementing oxygen to the plant roots immersed in the nutrient solution.

As shown in Figures 10 and 11, the electronic control assembly includes a sensor 602 installed in the box body 10 for detecting the temperature, humidity and light intensity in the box body 10, and according to the sensor 602 detected The data control the control circuit of the lighting module 20, the ventilation module, the water level monitoring device 40 and the oxygen injection module 50.

The box body 10 is also provided with a control panel 601 for controlling and displaying the temperature, humidity, nutrient solution level and/or light in the ecological planting box 100, and the control panel 601 is arranged in front of the cover device 105. side and connected to the electrical control assembly. The control panel 601 includes a display screen 6011 for displaying plant growth time, temperature, humidity, and nutrient solution water level in the ecological planting box 100, and a display screen 6011 for controlling the on/off of the lighting lamp 201 and the duration of turning on the lamp, and the fan 3022 Touch button 6012 for on/off and on/off of the air pump 501 . The touch button 6012 is correspondingly connected with the control circuit to selectively control the opening and closing of the lighting module 20, the ventilation module and the oxygen injection module 50 to realize intelligent control.

The ecological planting box 100 also includes an intelligent module connected to the electric control assembly, and the intelligent module is connected to the mobile phone signal, so that the user can check the growth status parameters of the plants in the ecological planting box 100 in real time through the mobile phone and adjust the parameters according to the growth status parameters. Control the operating states of the illumination module 20 , the ventilation module and the oxygen injection module 50 . For example, the user can control the lighting duration of the lighting module 20, the on/off of the fan 3022, and the on/off of the air pump 501 through the mobile phone; of course, the smart module can also be connected with other devices that can send control signals ( Such as: remote control) to check the growth status of plants in real time.

The ecological planting box 100 also includes a camera module connected to the mobile phone signal, and the camera module takes pictures of the plants in real time and transmits the photos to the mobile phone for the user to detect the growth status of the plants, while improving the experience of the user.

As shown in Figure 13, utilize described ecological planting box 100 to carry out the ecological plant cultivation method of soilless cultivation plant, mainly comprise the following steps:

Remove the front wall 101 from the left support wall 103 and the right support wall 104, and pull the liquid storage tray 701 out of the box body 10;

According to the planting type, select a suitable nutrient solution to inject into the liquid storage tray 701 and fill it up;

Put the sponge body into the through hole 7021 of the cultivation plate 702 and make the lower end of the sponge body immersed in the nutrient solution, and put the plant seeds into the groove of the sponge body;

First push the liquid storage tray 701 into the box body 10 and restore it to its original position, then assemble and fix the front wall 101 on the left support wall 103 and right support wall 104 and restore it to its original position;

Turn on the power supply of the ecological planting box 100 and select the planting plant type button, and the ecological planting box 100 will open the corresponding preset cultivation program according to the selected plant type;

Plant and harvest.

The preset cultivation program is: when the plant seeds are in the seedling stage, the light module 20, the ventilation module and the oxygen injection module 50 are not working; The module 20, the ventilation module and the oxygen injection module 50 work according to the set procedures. The light module 20 provides sufficient light for plant growth to carry out photosynthesis and promote growth. The ventilation module operates intermittently, on the one hand to provide carbon dioxide for plant growth for photosynthesis, and on the other hand to discharge high-concentration oxygen produced by photosynthesis. The oxygen pumping module 50 also works intermittently to ensure that the nutrient solution contains a certain concentration of oxygen and provide sufficient oxygen for the plant root system.

When the plant is in the growth stage, the nutrient solution is constantly consumed. If the nutrient solution is consumed until only the red water level scale line on the water level monitoring device 40 can be seen, the electric control component will automatically detect and sound an alarm, prompting to replenish the nutrient solution.

In summary, the ecological planting box 100 of the present invention is provided with an illumination module 20 that provides a light source for plant growth, a ventilation module that maintains air circulation in the ecological planting box 100, and an oxygen pump that provides oxygen for the nutrient solution in the box body 10. Module 50 and the electronic control component for electronically controlling the ecological planting box 100, so that the user can intelligently control the lighting module 20, the ventilation module and the oxygenation module 50 according to the growth status of the plants, so that the plants can grow in the best environment , no pollution, no pesticide residues; at the same time, it can also enhance the user's planting experience.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An ecological planting box is used for soilless cultivation of plants, and the ecological planting box comprises: A box body, the box body including a base; The cultivating device is accommodated in the box and placed on the base, the cultivating device includes a liquid storage pan placed on the base for containing nutrient solution and a storage pan for cultivating plants above the liquid storage pan incubation plate; It is characterized in that: the ecological planting box also includes a lighting module that provides light sources for plant growth, a ventilation module that maintains air circulation in the ecological planting box, a water level monitoring device that monitors the water level of the nutrient solution in the liquid storage tray in real time, and is a nutrient solution. An oxygen injection module that provides oxygen and an electronic control component that electrically controls the ecological planting box. The liquid storage tray is accommodated in the base in a drawer type and can be pushed in and pulled out horizontally in the base. 2. The ecological planting box according to claim 1, characterized in that: the oxygen pumping module includes an air pump fixed on the base, an air-water mixing structure arranged on the liquid storage tray and connected to the air pump and the air delivery channel of the air-water mixing structure, and when the liquid storage tray is completely accommodated in the base, the air delivery channel communicates with the air pump and the air-water mixing structure, and when the liquid storage tray pulls When going out, the air pump is disconnected from the air-water mixing structure. 3. The ecological planting box according to claim 2, characterized in that: the oxygen pumping module also includes an air pump cover arranged outside the air pump, and the air delivery channel includes an outlet opening set on the air pump cover. An air port and an air delivery pipe arranged on the air-water mixing structure, the air delivery pipe protrudes into the air outlet to introduce oxygen into the air-water mixing structure. 4. The ecological planting box according to claim 1, characterized in that: the box body also includes support walls on both sides of the base, a front wall and a rear wall connecting the two support walls and a cover on the As for the covering device on the top of the box, at least one of the front wall, the rear wall and the two supporting walls is light-turnable glass. 5. The ecological planting box according to claim 4, characterized in that: the lighting module is arranged in the covering device, and includes lighting lamps evenly distributed on the covering device, located below the lighting lamps to A light guide plate for uniformly diverging the light source of the lighting lamp and a controller arranged on the cover device for controlling the intensity of the light source of the lighting lamp, and the electric control component is used for controlling the light-on time of the lighting module. 6. The ecological planting box according to claim 4, characterized in that: the ventilation module is arranged on the two supporting walls, and includes an air inlet opened on one of the supporting walls, and an air inlet opened on the other supporting wall. The air outlet on the wall and the fan arranged close to the air outlet, the air inlet and the air outlet are arranged in a space diagonally, and the electric control component is used to control the opening and closing of the ventilation module. 7. The ecological planting box according to claim 4, characterized in that: the ecological planting box also includes a control panel for controlling and displaying temperature, humidity and/or light in the ecological planting box, and the control panel It is arranged on the front side of the cover device and connected with the electric control assembly. 8. The ecological planting box according to claim 1, characterized in that: a semi-closed pipe cavity is provided in the liquid storage tray, the water level monitoring device is arranged in the pipe cavity, and the water level monitoring The device is provided with a water level scale line. 9. The ecological planting box according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cultivation plate is provided with a number of through holes, the through holes are provided with a sponge body, and one end of the sponge body is concavely provided with a groove, The other end protrudes into the nutrient solution of the liquid storage tray, and the plant seeds are placed in the groove. 10. The ecological planting box according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cultivation plate is provided with several fixing holes, the plant seedlings are fixed in the fixing holes and the roots extend into the nutrient solution.