CN106105787A - A kind of method improving Semen Castanopsis chinensis sprout grafting survival rate - Google Patents
A kind of method improving Semen Castanopsis chinensis sprout grafting survival rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN106105787A CN106105787A CN201610420172.3A CN201610420172A CN106105787A CN 106105787 A CN106105787 A CN 106105787A CN 201610420172 A CN201610420172 A CN 201610420172A CN 106105787 A CN106105787 A CN 106105787A
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- scion
- grafting
- sprout
- semen castanopsis
- castanopsis chinensis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
Abstract
Seedlings field grafting of growing directly from seeds mainly is used for tradition Semen Castanopsis chinensis nursery, there is the defect of growing-seedling period length, the present invention relates to a kind of method improving Semen Castanopsis chinensis sprout grafting survival rate, comprise the steps: 1) choose the Embryo stem extension Semen Castanopsis chinensis sprout to more than 5cm, top is excised at described cotyledon above section 3～5cm, longitudinally rive at tangent plane, as scion socket, obtain sprout stock；2) preparation of scion: select improved seeds Semen Castanopsis chinensis gives birth to developmental branch then, cuts the stem section in the middle part of it, and described stem section lower end is cut into the wedge shape adapted with described cutting interface size, obtain scion；3) grafting: insert in the scion socket of sprout stock after described scion being dipped in naa solution, fixes the two with grafting membrane and is bound scion otch upper end, obtaining grafting.Method growing-seedling period of the present invention is short, and grafting then goes out garden, convenient management, it is simple to industrial seedling rearing then.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to propagation by grafiting technical field, be specifically related to a kind of method improving Semen Castanopsis chinensis sprout grafting survival rate.
Background technology
It is China's endemic tree that Semen Castanopsis chinensis (Castanea henry (Skan) Rehd.et Wils.) belongs to Fagaceae Castanea, element
There is the title of " woody grain ", be famous fruit material dual-purpose seeds.Semen Castanopsis chinensis fruits nutrition enriches, sarcocarp crisp sweet, rich waxy, can
Eat raw, stir-fry and eat, stew in clear soup or grinds is processed as cookies, cake etc..Meanwhile, Semen Castanopsis chinensis also has a highest medical value, sweet in the mouth,
Warm in nature, there are nourishing the stomach, strong muscle, spleen invigorating, effect of the kidney invigorating.Semen Castanopsis chinensis is in addition to edible and medical value, and material is hard, water-fast wet, is available for
The purposes such as building, furniture, sleeper, shipbuilding.
Semen Castanopsis chinensis is mainly distributed on the south China Yangtze river basin, in Zhejiang, Fujian, the ground such as Hunan start implant mass.Greatly
Development Semen Castanopsis chinensis produces power, improves unit are Semen Castanopsis chinensis nut production and quality, not only provides export trade development agriculture oriented for export and foreign exchange earnings, and will
It is of great immediate significance to revitalizing the accurate poverty alleviation in south China mountain area economy especially Hills.Breeding nursery stock is economical
The means of production that woods is most basic, the most special in producing, are the important carriers of economic forest scientific and technological progress, are the lifeblood of economic forest.Mesh
The front very different phenomenon of Semen Castanopsis chinensis kind is very universal, significantly limit the development of Semen Castanopsis chinensis industry, and nursery stock improved variety has become as
China's Semen Castanopsis chinensis industry development in the urgent need to.Tradition Semen Castanopsis chinensis nursery mainly uses the propagation method of seedlings field grafting of growing directly from seeds, and educates
The Seedling cycle is long, and forest form is uneven, it is difficult to intensive management.
Summary of the invention
Uneven for Semen Castanopsis chinensis being used by prior art the propagation method of seedlings field grafting of growing directly from seeds there is cycle length, forest form
Defect, the present invention provides a kind of method improving Semen Castanopsis chinensis sprout grafting survival rate, and this method can be carried out in indoor, saving of labor save
Power, convenient management, it is simple to industrial seedling rearing, propagating materials can be saved simultaneously, grafting then goes out garden then.
Method of the present invention, comprises the steps:
1) preparation of sprout stock: choose Embryo stem extension to more than 5cm common variety Semen Castanopsis chinensis sprout, in cotyledon above section 3
～at 5cm, excise top, longitudinally rive at tangent plane, as scion socket, obtain sprout stock；
2) preparation of scion: select improved seeds Semen Castanopsis chinensis give birth to developmental branch then, cut described in give birth to then in the middle part of developmental branch
Band base of leaf section, and described stem section lower end is cut into the wedge shape adapted with described cutting interface size, obtains scion；
3) grafting: insert in the scion socket of sprout stock after described scion is dipped in naa solution, the two is solid
Fixed, obtain grafting.
In the present invention, the concentration of described naa (NAA) is 10～200mg/L.
Preferably, the time dipped in NAA of described scion is 12～17s.
In the present invention, the fixing concrete operations of described sprout stock and scion for carrying out colligation with grafting membrane by the two, and uses
The otch of scion upper end is coated with by grafting membrane.
In the present invention, it is after Semen Castanopsis chinensis blossom fall 3～5 days that described improved seeds Semen Castanopsis chinensis gives birth to the acquisition time of developmental branch then.
Concrete operations are, after Semen Castanopsis chinensis blossom fall 3～5 days, when the morning 10 after or during afternoon 5 after, select the Semen Castanopsis chinensis in the best fruiting period
Place outside improved seeds tree crown long have full bud, without pest and disease damage, well-grown give birth to developmental branch then；
The branch chosen by this method, its stem water content is 58～60%, and leaf water content is 54～56%.
In the present invention, a length of the 1.5～2.5cm of described stem section, stay the blade of 1.5～2.5cm length thereon.
In the present invention, before grafting, prune the main root of described sprout stock so that it is a length of 4～5cm.
In the present invention, the degree of depth of described scion socket is 1～1.5cm.
In the present invention, described scion socket is positioned at the central authorities of described tangent plane.
Method of the present invention, during grafting, has one end of bud and the shape of described sprout stock by described scion
Stratification is alignd.
Method of the present invention, before processing sprout, is immersed in the carbendazim of 800 times and 1000 times
In thiophanate methyl solution 25～35min, disinfection.
Before the branch gathered is processed, it is immersed in 1000 times of thiophanate methyl solution soaking 8～12min,
Disinfection.
Method of the present invention, it is preferably a step:
1) preparation of sprout stock: choose Embryo stem extension to more than 5cm Semen Castanopsis chinensis sprout, main root is pruned so that it is length
Less than 5cm, at the cotyledon above section 3.8～4.2cm of described Semen Castanopsis chinensis sprout, excise top, longitudinally rive at tangent plane axis
1～1.2cm, as scion socket, obtain sprout stock；
2) preparation of scion: after the Semen Castanopsis chinensis blossom fall of improved seeds 3～5 days, takes and gives birth to developmental branch then, and intercepted length is 1.5
～the middle part stem section of 2.5cm, described stem section is stayed the blade of 1.8～2.2cm length, and described stem section lower end is whittled into described
The wedge shape that cutting socket size adapts, described tangent plane one cutter is whittled into and smooth, obtains scion；
3) grafting: insert in sprout after described scion is dipped 12～17s in concentration is 80～120mg/L naa solution
In the scion socket of anvil, with grafting membrane, the two fixed and the upper end incision of scion is coated with, obtaining grafting.
Method of the present invention, has the advantages that
1) developmental branch of giving birth to then that the engrafting method of the present invention uses is scion, with NAA HORMONE TREATMENT scion, and uses grafting
Film, by grafting mouth and the colligation simultaneously of scion top otch, makes graft survival rate be up to 93%, thus improves Semen Castanopsis chinensis graft survival rate.
2) Semen Castanopsis chinensis Nurse seed grafting of the present invention can be carried out in indoor, saves labor, convenient management.Grafting mean height then
Degree reaches 13cm, and footpath, ground is 3mm, and nursery stock can go out garden then, not only shortens growing-seedling period, improves the utilization rate of fringe bar,
And survival rate and the seedling growth quality of Semen Castanopsis chinensis breeding scale grafting can be effectively improved.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is grafting operation flow chart of the present invention；
In figure: 1. for being completely cured, 2. for cutting stock (reaming the part outside the above 4cm of cotyledon), 3. (cutting out and connect for cutting stock
Fringe socket), 4. for cut scion, 5. for embedding fringe, 6. for sow interface colligation, 7. for grafting membrane bind wrapping, 8. complete for grafting
Sprout stock.
Detailed description of the invention
Following example are used for illustrating the present invention, but are not limited to the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment relates to the engrafting method of a kind of Semen Castanopsis chinensis, and its concrete operations are following (its flow chart is shown in Fig. 1):
1) preparation of sprout stock
In JIUYUE, 2013, collects the Castanea Henryi Seeds of improved seeds, filters out without pest and disease damage, the seed of full grains from field,
After 0.1% disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate 10min, it is stored in 4 DEG C of refrigerators.
In April, 2014, Castanea Henryi Seeds is taken out from refrigerator, carry out husky Tibetan.Husky plant is about 1.5m, wide about 0.5m, high
The wooden case of about 0.7m is carried out, bottom wooden case, first spreads the thick mild-crude river sand of one layer of about 8cm, then Castanea Henryi Seeds is laid in sand
On bed, then covering the river sand of 5cm, re-lay Castanea Henryi Seeds, one layer of Castanea Henryi Seeds, one layer of river sand, the river sand thickness of the superiors is about
8cm.The humidity of river sand is agglomerating to be held by hand holding, and loosing one's grip scatters is advisable.Treat that the Castanea Henryi Seeds that the superiors' sand is hidden rides out Shamian Island 3 substantially
～5cm, plumular axis the most about 0.4cm, epicotyl is elongated to 5cm in the heart, in semi-lignified, selects Semen Castanopsis chinensis sprout now as anvil
Wood.
Improved seeds China chestnut 1 ' and ' China chestnut 2 ' Semen Castanopsis chinensis blossom fall after 3～5 days, by Semen Castanopsis chinensis sprout gently from Sha Zhongqu
Go out, be immersed in 30min in the carbendazim of 800 times and the thiophanate methyl solution of 1000 times, then with after clear water flushing, excise long master
Root so that it is a length of 4～5cm, excises top at the about 4cm of cotyledon top, then it is deep to cleave 1cm～1.2cm from epicotyl central authorities
Scion socket, obtain sprout stock, put in plastic tub, build with wet towel.
2) preparation of scion
Before morning 8 on the same day, gather Semen Castanopsis chinensis from south, Chenzhou City Rucheng County Semen Castanopsis chinensis Sino-South African Forestry University of Science and Technology proving ground
Breeding ' China chestnut 1 ' and ' China's chestnut 2 ' branch, branch require be tree crown periphery length have a full axillalry bud give birth to developmental branch, use then
Wet cloth is wrapped, and transports Grafting Experiment base back.By the branch of collection by 1000 times of thiophanate methyl solution soaking 10min, then use
Clear water rinses, then is cut into the stem section of about 2cm, with scraper, the stem section lower end in the middle part of branch is whittled into wedge shape, bevel about 1cm, bevel
Require a cutter to be whittled into and smooth, wipe out blade excessive in scion, only retain about 2cm, obtain the scion needed for experiment.
3) grafting
The incision of scion is dipped in 10,25,50,100, after 200mg/L NAA solution, scion is inserted sprout stock socket,
Guarantee scion have bud while aliging with sprout stock cambium layer on one side.With the polyethylene grafting membrane of width about 2.5cm by grafting mouth
With the otch together colligation of scion top.
4) managing after grafting
The Semen Castanopsis chinensis Seedling grafted is implanted seedbed, with clear water, seedbed is irrigated after soil disinfection, seedbed soil thickness 50cm, wide
About 1.2m.Set up the support of high about 1m, surface cover 0.3mm agricultural plastic film in seedbed surrounding, to keep moisture, increase ground
Temperature, promotes healing.Meanwhile, put up sunshade net, week about antibacterial of spray.After 15～20 days, grafting starts rudiment, phase
Between should not open thin film in addition to the necessary prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control processes.About 25d, opens thin film two ends and is aerated.When seedlings picking is raw
When growing to 3～5cm, thin people's liquid dung that retting is crossed can be imposed, or compel to execute the chemical nitrogen fertilizer water of 0.2% concentration.
July 1, statistics with 10,25,50,100,200mg/L NAA process the grafting survival rate after scion respectively
81.3%, 83.3%, 89.3%, 93.3%, 88.0%, wherein process its survival rate of scion with 100mg/L NAA the highest, and take off
Fall thin film.Period carry out in good time weeding, except sprouting, water, apply fertilizer, the control measures such as the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.The Semen Castanopsis chinensis of December investigation then
The average height of seedling of Nurse seed grafting Seedling is 13.01cm, and footpath, ground is 3.12mm.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment relates to the engrafting method of a kind of Semen Castanopsis chinensis, and its concrete operations are as follows:
1) preparation of sprout stock
In JIUYUE, 2014, in JIUYUE, 2013, collect the Castanea Henryi Seeds of improved seeds from field, filter out without pest and disease damage, granule
Full seed, after 0.1% disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate 10min, is stored in 4 DEG C of refrigerators.
In April, 2015, Castanea Henryi Seeds is taken out from refrigerator, carry out husky Tibetan.Husky plant is about 1.5m, wide about 0.5m, high
The wooden case of about 0.7m is carried out, bottom wooden case, first spreads the thick mild-crude river sand of one layer of about 8cm, then Castanea Henryi Seeds is laid in sand
On bed, then cover the river sand of 5cm, one layer of Castanea Henryi Seeds, one layer of river sand, the river sand thickness about 8cm of the superiors.The humidity of river sand with
Grasped is agglomerating, and loosing one's grip scatters is advisable.The husky Castanea Henryi Seeds hidden rides out Shamian Island 3～5cm, plumular axis the most about 0.4cm, epicotyl substantially
It is elongated to more than 5cm, in semi-lignified, selects Semen Castanopsis chinensis sprout now as stock.
After the Semen Castanopsis chinensis blossom fall of improved seeds ' China chestnut 3 ' and ' magnificent chestnut 4 ' 3～5 days, by Semen Castanopsis chinensis sprout gently from Sha Zhongqu
Go out, be immersed in 30min in the carbendazim of 800 times and the thiophanate methyl solution of 1000 times, then with after clear water flushing, excise long master
Root so that it is a length of 4～5cm, excises top at the about 4cm of cotyledon top, then it is deep to cleave 1cm～1.2cm from epicotyl central authorities
Scion socket, obtain sprout stock, put in plastic tub, build with wet towel.
2) preparation of scion
Before morning 8 on the same day, gather Semen Castanopsis chinensis from south, Chenzhou City Rucheng County Semen Castanopsis chinensis Sino-South African Forestry University of Science and Technology proving ground
Breeding ' China chestnut 3 ' and ' China's chestnut 4 ' fringe bar, branch require be tree crown periphery length have a full axillalry bud give birth to developmental branch, use then
Wet cloth is wrapped, and transports Grafting Experiment base back.By the fringe bar of collection by 1000 times of thiophanate methyl solution soaking 10min, then use
Clear water rinses, then is cut into the stem section of about 2cm, with scraper, stem section lower end is whittled into wedge shape, and bevel about 1cm, bevel requires that a cutter is cut
Become and smooth, wipe out blade excessive in scion, only retain about 2cm, required scion must be tested.
3) grafting
After the incision of scion is dipped in 100mg/L NAA solution, scion is inserted sprout stock socket, it is ensured that scion has bud
While aliging with sprout stock cambium layer on one side.With the polyethylene grafting membrane of width about 2.5cm by grafting mouth and scion top otch
Together colligation.
4) managing after grafting
Semen Castanopsis chinensis Seedling after grafting implants seedbed, is irrigated in seedbed with clear water after soil disinfection.In seedbed, surrounding is set up
The support of high about 1m, covers 0.3mm agricultural plastic film, to keep moisture content, increases ground temperature, promotes healing.Meanwhile, sunshade is put up
Net, week about antibacterial of spray.After 15 days～20 days, grafting starts rudiment.After 25 days, open thin film two ends and lead to
Wind.After 30 days, statistics grafting survival rate is 93.2%, and takes thin film off.During nursery, carry out weeding in good time, water, execute
The control measures such as fertilizer, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.The average height of seedling of the Semen Castanopsis chinensis Nurse seed grafting Seedling of December investigation then is 13.02cm, footpath, ground
For 3.13mm.
Comparative example 1
Compared with embodiment 1, its difference is, NAA is not dipped on the surface of scion, only dips clear water, surviving of grafting
Rate is 64%.
Comparative example 2
Compared with embodiment 1, its difference is, NAA is not dipped on the surface of scion, only dips clear water, selects Semen Castanopsis chinensis respectively
Before blooming, after florescence and blossom fall about 40 days give birth to developmental branch then, graft survival rate is respectively 7.34%, 57.41% and
51.92%, after being below blossom fall 3～5 days give birth to developmental branch then.
Comparative example 3
Compared with embodiment 1, its difference is, NAA is not dipped on the surface of scion, only dips clear water, in described scion
Not staying blade or leave the blade of 4cm length, the survival rate of grafting is respectively 4.67% and 40.67%.
Comparative example 4
Compared with embodiment 1, its difference is, NAA is not dipped on the surface of scion, only dips clear water, selects respectively then
Branch base portion or the branch top of raw developmental branch are respectively 38.67% and 30.00% as scion, the survival rate of grafting.
Comparative example 5
Compared with embodiment 1, its difference is, NAA is not dipped on the surface of scion, only dips clear water, with aluminium foil to grafting
The upper opening of mouth and scion carries out being coated with or being only fixed grafting with grafting membrane, does not carries out the upper opening of scion
Cladding, the survival rate of grafting is respectively 41.33% and 28.67%.
By above comparative example it can be seen that select scion of the present invention, after scion is dipped in NAA and described
The upper cut-out of interface and scion is coated with by grafting membrane, can be effectively improved the survival rate of grafting.
Although, used general explanation, detailed description of the invention and test, the present invention made detailed retouching
Stating, but on the basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, this is apparent to those skilled in the art
's.Therefore, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, belong to claimed
Scope.
Claims (10)
1. the method improving Semen Castanopsis chinensis sprout grafting survival rate, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
1) preparation of sprout stock: choose Embryo stem extension to more than 5cm common variety Semen Castanopsis chinensis sprout, in cotyledon above section 3～5cm
Excision top, place, longitudinally rives at tangent plane, as scion socket, obtains sprout stock；
2) preparation of scion: select improved seeds Semen Castanopsis chinensis gives birth to developmental branch then, cuts the band base of leaf section in the middle part of described developmental branch,
And described stem section lower end is cut into the wedge shape adapted with described cutting interface size, obtain scion；
3) grafting: insert in after described scion is dipped in naa solution in the scion socket of sprout stock, the two is fixed,
Grafting.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the concentration of described naa is 10～200mg/L.
Method the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that the concrete operations that described sprout stock and scion are fixed are
With grafting membrane, the two is carried out colligation, and with grafting membrane, the otch of scion upper end is coated with.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that when described improved seeds Semen Castanopsis chinensis gives birth to the collection of developmental branch then
Between be after Semen Castanopsis chinensis blossom fall 3～5 days.
5. according to the method described in claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that a length of the 1.5～2.5cm of described stem section, thereon
Stay the blade of 1.5～2.5cm length.
6. according to the method described in any one of Claims 1 to 5, it is characterised in that pruned described sprout stock before grafting
Main root so that it is a length of 4～5cm.
Method the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that the degree of depth of described scion socket is 1～1.5cm.
Method the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described scion socket is positioned at the central authorities of described tangent plane.
Method the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that during grafting, has the one of bud by described scion
End aligns with the cambium layer of described sprout stock.
10. according to the method described in any one of claim 1～9, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
1) preparation of sprout stock: choose the Embryo stem extension Semen Castanopsis chinensis sprout to more than 5cm, main root is pruned so that it is length is little
In 5cm, at the cotyledon above section 3.8～4.2cm of described Semen Castanopsis chinensis sprout, excise top, at tangent plane axis, longitudinally rive 1
～1.2cm, as scion socket, obtain sprout stock；
2) preparation of scion: after the Semen Castanopsis chinensis blossom fall of improved seeds 3～5 days, takes and gives birth to developmental branch then, intercepted length be 1.5～
The middle part stem section of 2.5cm, stays the blade of 1.8～2.2cm length in described stem section, and is whittled into described stem section lower end slotting with described
The wedge shape that fringe socket size adapts, described tangent plane one cutter is whittled into and smooth, obtains scion；
3) grafting: insert in sprout stock after described scion is dipped 12～17s in concentration is 80～120mg/L naa solution
In scion socket, with grafting membrane, the two fixed and the upper end incision of scion is coated with, obtaining grafting.
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| CN106718486A (en) * | 2016-11-20 | 2017-05-31 | 浏阳市利瑞种养专业合作社 | A kind of chinquapin downgrades the implantation methods of high yield and more than single fruit 10g |
| CN108522056A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-09-14 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业实验中心 | Red vertebra select tree grafting and breeding nursery working system |
| CN110268873A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-09-24 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业实验中心 | The grafting seedlings-growing method of castanopsis concinna |
| CN110547109A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2019-12-10 | 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 | Propagation method of castanea henryi nursery stock |
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| CN101697703A (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2010-04-28 | 西北农林科技大学 | Method for bickiron inoculation of buds symbiotic to root fungi for culturing seedlings of Chinese chestnut |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106718486A (en) * | 2016-11-20 | 2017-05-31 | 浏阳市利瑞种养专业合作社 | A kind of chinquapin downgrades the implantation methods of high yield and more than single fruit 10g |
| CN108522056A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-09-14 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业实验中心 | Red vertebra select tree grafting and breeding nursery working system |
| CN110268873A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-09-24 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业实验中心 | The grafting seedlings-growing method of castanopsis concinna |
| CN110547109A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2019-12-10 | 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 | Propagation method of castanea henryi nursery stock |
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