CN106089807A - A kind of diffuser based on fractal blade - Google Patents
A kind of diffuser based on fractal blade Download PDFInfo
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- CN106089807A CN106089807A CN201610487727.6A CN201610487727A CN106089807A CN 106089807 A CN106089807 A CN 106089807A CN 201610487727 A CN201610487727 A CN 201610487727A CN 106089807 A CN106089807 A CN 106089807A
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- blade
- fractal
- diffuser
- level
- cover plate
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
- F04D29/441—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
- F04D29/444—Bladed diffusers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
- F04D29/661—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
- F04D29/667—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps by influencing the flow pattern, e.g. suppression of turbulence
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2240/00—Components
- F05D2240/10—Stators
- F05D2240/12—Fluid guiding means, e.g. vanes
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of diffuser based on fractal blade, including upper cover plate, lower cover and fractal vane group, fractal vane group is located between upper cover plate and lower cover, forms gas channel between upper cover plate, lower cover and fractal vane group, and air-flow pressure after gas passage increases；The multistage fractal blade of the present invention can suppress flow separation, reduce flow blockage and flow losses, the diffusion ability of increase diffuser and efficiency, is conducive to improving overall efficiency, reducing package size, raising thrust-weight ratio/power to weight ratio；Being easy to processing, cost of manufacture is low；Can to be mounted directly on the diffuser of centrifugal compressor, it is simple to realize the transformation and upgrade of compressor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to gas compressing apparatus technical field, particularly relate to a kind of diffuser based on fractal blade, it is special
It is not applicable to the various device with centrifugal gas compressor, such as aero-gas turbine, electric generation gas turbine, compressor of air conditioner
Deng.
Background technology
Centrifugal compressor is the vitals in most of small size gas turbine and turboshaft engine, by impeller and diffuser
Composition.The effect of diffuser is that not only centrifugal impeller being rotated the kinetic energy being applied in flowed energy is converted into pressure potential,
The high velocity air also needing to the band radially and tangentially speed by centrifugal impeller outflow is reversed into purely axial air-flow by blade as far as possible,
Supply combustor burns.Diffuser performance directly influences the duty of compressor stage and combustor, and then to complete machine
Performance impact is relatively big, and the flow losses that diffuser produces account for the 30% of centrifugal compressor level loss, to centrifugal compressor
Efficiency, pressure ratio and steady running condition scope important.
Centrifugal compressor diffuser generally can be divided into vaneless diffuser, vaned diffuser and tubular diffuser.Nowadays exist
Aero-engine obtains wide variety of diffuser and is mainly blade diffuser and tubular diffuser.Vaneless diffuser structure
Simply, working range width, but air-flow flows along equiangular helical spiral substantially, long flow path, and loss is big.Often smaller in pressure, efficiency is wanted
Asking the highest, radial dimension limits less, uses in the centrifugal compressor that impeller outlet flow angle (the most tangential) is bigger.Tubular type expands
Depressor is to be made up of a series of diffusion pipelines being evenly distributed, and two adjacent tubular diffuser passages are in import department's split-phase
Pass through, form swallow-tail form leading edge, compared to traditional blade diffuser, tubular diffuser at diffuser intake wheel disc and wheel cap side
Swallow-tail form leading edge is preferable for the air-flow adaptability of High Mach number, it is possible to be effectively improved the centrifugal efficiency of high pressure ratio and steady operation
Nargin, is very suitable for high pressure ratio centrifugal compressor.But tubular diffuser exists that difficulty of processing is big, cost is high, process essence simultaneously
Degree it is difficult to ensure that etc. problem.
Blade diffuser not only can increase deceleration diffusion by radius, and blade can make air-flow by certain angle simultaneously
Deflection, makes circulation area can strengthen further to improve diffusion ability, and its efficiency is the highest.Compared with vaneless diffuser,
The vaned diffuser diffusion ability of same size is higher, in hgher efficiency.And vane diffuser can effectively control diffuser goes out
Mouthful flow angle, and this combustor being downstream or return channel provide good and flow environment.Existing vane diffuser shortcoming be by
In vaned existence, easily there is choking phenomenon in throat, and have leaf diffusion in the case of variable working condition in vane diffuser
Device impact loss is relatively big, and efficiency declines substantially, especially in the case of high attack angle, easily produces serious separation, very in runner
To the generation causing surge.And in the case of low discharge, first flowing severe exacerbation often occurs in vane diffuser, thus
Cause the surge of complete machine.Therefore, this area needs a kind of diffuser that can take into account diffuser aeroperformance and processing cost badly.
Summary of the invention
(1) to solve the technical problem that
In order to solve the problems referred to above that prior art exists, the invention provides a kind of diffuser based on fractal blade.
(2) technical scheme
The invention provides a kind of diffuser based on fractal blade, including: upper cover plate 1, lower cover 2 and fractal blade
Group；Described fractal vane group is located between described upper cover plate 1 and lower cover 2, described upper cover plate 1, lower cover 2 and fractal blade
Forming gas channel 9 between group, air-flow pressure after described gas passage 9 increases.
Preferably, described fractal vane group includes along the diffuser radially-arranged N fractal blade of level, wherein, next fraction
Shape blade be positioned at the fractal blade of upper level along diffuser radius augment direction, the quantity of the fractal blade of next stage is that upper level divides
The twice of shape blade quantity, two blades of each blade fractal blade of correspondence next stage of the fractal blade of upper level, next stage
The said two blade of fractal blade is symmetricly set on the blade both sides of the fractal blade of upper level.
Preferably, described diffuser is circumferentially divided into the diffuser of multiple sector, the quantity of described diffuser and the first order
The quantity of fractal blade is identical, and for each diffuser, the blade quantity of its n-th grade of fractal blade is 2n-1。
Preferably, the blade of the described fractal blade of N level is prismatic blade or camber blades.
Preferably, along diffuser radius augment direction, the length of blade of the described fractal blade of N level is identical；Or increase step by step
Greatly；Or reduce step by step.
Preferably, along diffuser radius augment direction, the blade height of the described fractal blade of N level is identical；Or increase step by step
Greatly；Or reduce step by step.
Preferably, the blade of the described fractal blade of N level has homogeneous thickness；Or, there is the streamlined of uneven thickness
Shape.
Preferably, the vane inlet end of the fractal blade of the first order is swallow-tail form, zigzag, circular arc or many circular arc.
Preferably, described upper cover plate 1 and lower cover 2 are annular plate-like structure, the inner edge of described upper cover plate and lower cover
Form gas feed 3 between inner edge, between outer rim and the outer rim of lower cover of described upper cover plate, form gas outlet 4, the first order
Fractal blade is positioned at gas feed, and the fractal blade of N level is positioned at gas outlet.
Preferably, described diffuser also includes: rectification passage of turning back, described in rectification passage of turning back be the circle around diffuser
Tubular structure, its gas feed the most just gas outlet 4 to diffuser, described in rectification passage of turning back turn to through 90 degree, its
Gas outlet axially extends.
(3) beneficial effect
From technique scheme it can be seen that the diffuser based on fractal blade of the present invention has the advantages that
(1) at diffuser, multistage fractal blade is set according to fractal theory along radius augment direction, can effectively suppress
Flow separation, reduction flow blockage and flow losses, the diffusion ability of increase diffuser and efficiency, be conducive to improving complete machine effect
Rate, reduction package size, raising thrust-weight ratio/power to weight ratio；
(2) in the increase lobe numbers of radial direction according to 2n-1Rule gradually increase, next stage fractal blade symmetry cloth
Put the both sides at the fractal blade of upper level, be conducive to increasing the diffusion ability of diffuser, suppression flow separation and reduction further
Flow losses, further increase the extension pressur efficiency of diffuser；
(3) fractal blade can be prismatic blade, it is simple to processing, cost of manufacture is low；Can also be camber blades, to ensure
The air inlet angle needed and angle of giving vent to anger；
(4) fractal blade can have homogeneous thickness, it is simple to processing and manufacturing；It can also be the streamlined shape of uneven thickness
Shape, can reduce flow losses further；
(5) on the basis of not changing original centrifugal compressor structure, the diffuser of the present invention can be to be mounted directly to
On the diffuser of centrifugal compressor, it is simple to realize the transformation and upgrade of compressor；
(6) entrance point of the fractal blade of the first order can be the shapes such as swallow-tail form, can further enhance the expansion of diffuser
Pressure effect；
(7) diffuser can also include turn back rectification passage and Partition for realigning water flow, flows to guiding gas, improves pressure further
The efficiency of mechanism of qi.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the diffuser based on fractal blade of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the top view that diffuser shown in Fig. 1 omits a diffuser of upper cover plate and lower cover；
Fig. 3 is that diffuser shown in Fig. 1 is with upper cover plate and the 3-D view of a diffuser of lower cover；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that entrance point is swallow-tail form of the fractal blade of the first order.
[symbol description]
1-upper cover plate；2-lower cover；3-gas feed；
4-gas outlet；The fractal blade of the 5-first order；The fractal blade in the 6-second level；
The fractal blade of the 7-third level；The fractal blade of the 8-fourth stage；9-gas channel；
The entrance point of the fractal blade of the 10-first order.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention provides a kind of diffuser based on fractal blade, fractal is the general name to self similarity figure and structure,
Being the general formula contained in nature, the present invention utilizes the distribution mode sum of the fractal theory design fractal blade of diffuser
Mesh, it is possible to the diffusion ability, the stable operation range widening diffuser that are effectively improved diffuser, prevent flow separation, reduce and expand
The mixing loss of depressor outlet.The diffuser flow area of the present invention is big, flow blockage is little, flow losses are little, is conducive to improving
Overall efficiency, reduction package size, raising thrust-weight ratio/power to weight ratio, can be on the basis not changing original centrifugal compressor structure
On, directly replace original centrifugal compressor diffuser, it is simple to realize the transformation and upgrade of device.
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and reference
Accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
As Figure 1-4, the diffuser based on fractal blade of the embodiment of the present invention, it includes upper cover plate 1, lower cover 2
It is annular plate-like structure with fractal vane group, upper cover plate 1 and lower cover 2, shape between inner edge and the inner edge of lower cover of upper cover plate
Becoming gas feed 3, form gas outlet 4 between outer rim and the outer rim of lower cover of upper cover plate, fractal vane group is located in upper cover
Between plate 1 and lower cover 2, forming gas channel 9 between upper cover plate 1 and lower cover 2 and fractal vane group, gas channel 9 is along expansion
Depressor radius augment direction is expansion shape, it is also possible to keeping constant, air-flow is entered diffuser by gas feed 3, through gas passage 9
Rear pressure increases and is flowed out by gas outlet 4.
As it can be seen, the fractal vane group of the present embodiment includes along the diffuser fractal blade of radially-arranged level Four: first
The fractal blade 5 of level, the fractal blade in the second level 6, the fractal blade of the third level 7 and the fractal blade of the fourth stage 8, the fractal blade of the first order 5
Being positioned at gas feed 3, the fractal blade of the fourth stage 8 is positioned at gas outlet 4, and the fractal blade of next stage is positioned at the fractal leaf of upper level
Sheet along diffuser radius augment direction (i.e. by gas feed 3 to gas outlet 4 direction or downstream direction), each level is fractal
Blade circumferentially arrange and entirety ringwise, the twice that quantity is the fractal blade quantity of upper level of the fractal blade of next stage, on
Two blades of each blade fractal blade of correspondence next stage of the fractal blade of one-level, the said two leaf of the fractal blade of next stage
Sheet is arranged symmetrically in the both sides of this blade of the fractal blade of upper level.
Diffuser circumferentially can be divided into the number of the diffuser of multiple sector, the quantity of diffuser and the fractal blade of the first order
Measuring identical, for each diffuser, it includes 6,4,5,2 fractal blades in the second level of 1 fractal blade of the first order
Three grades of fractal blades 7 and 8 fractal blades of the fourth stage 8, i.e. for each diffuser, the number of n-th grade of fractal blade is
2n-1。
The diffuser based on fractal blade of the embodiment of the present invention, according to fractal theory at diffuser along radius augment direction
Design multistage fractal blade, flow separation can be suppressed, reduce flow blockage and flow losses, increase the diffusion ability of diffuser
And efficiency.Specifically, for the diffuser of Radial Flow, along with the increase of radius, flow area is also gradually increased, also
That is the diffusion degree of gas is gradually increased along with the increase of radius, in this case, if taken no action to, still keep
Lobe numbers and thickness are constant, and flow separation will occur, and increase flow losses, reduce diffusion ability, and the present invention based on point
The ingenious part of the diffuser of shape blade is, according to fractal law, on the one hand presses along with the increase lobe numbers of radial direction
According to 2n-1The regularity of distribution gradually increase；On the other hand, the fractal blade of next stage is arranged symmetrically in the two of the fractal blade of upper level
Side, both distributional patterns of fractal blade are all conducive to increasing the diffusion ability of diffuser, suppression flow separation and reducing stream
Dynamic loss, improves the extension pressur efficiency of diffuser.
In the present embodiment, fractal blade can be prismatic blade, prismatic blade be easy to processing, cost of manufacture low；Can also be
Camber blades, camber blades mate flow inlet angle and efflux angles simultaneously, the air inlet angle required for ensureing and angle of giving vent to anger.At different levels
The length of fractal blade can be identical, it is also possible to different, preferably along diffuser radius augment direction, the length of fractal blade is step by step
Increase.The height of fractal blades at different levels can be identical, it is also possible to different, the height of fractal blades the most at different levels is identical.For often
A piece of fractal blade, it can have homogeneous thickness, so can be so that processing, it is possible to have uneven thickness streamlined
Shape, so can reduce flow losses further.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 4, the entrance point 10 of blade fractal to the first order can carry out correction of the flank shape, entrance point can be
Swallow-tail form, can further enhance the diffusion effect of diffuser.Further, this entrance point can also is that zigzag, circular arc,
Many circular arcs.
When the diffuser of the present embodiment works, impeller effluent air is entered gas channel by gas feed, and through gas
Diffuser, the gas channel guiding gas flow direction of diffuser, it is achieved the deceleration diffusion of gas are flowed out in outlet, can not change
On the basis of becoming original centrifugal compressor structure, to be mounted directly on the diffuser of centrifugal compressor, it is simple to realize compressor
Transformation and upgrade.
In other embodiments of the invention, this diffuser also includes rectification passage of turning back, and rectification passage of turning back is cincture
The cylinder-like structure of diffuser, its gas feed the most just gas outlet 4 to diffuser, rectification passage of turning back turns through 90 degree
To, gas flow vertically, is gone to the gas feed direction of next stage diffuser or combustor by its gas outlet.Further
Ground, is disposed with Partition for realigning water flow in rectification passage of turning back, the bootable gas flow of Partition for realigning water flow, improves the effect of compressor further
Rate.
It is appreciated that, although the diffuser of the present embodiment includes the fractal blade of level Four, but this is exemplary explanation, this
Invention is not limited to this, and consideration based on factors such as diffuser size and diffusion effects, the fractal vane group of diffuser can have
Having the fractal blade of N level, 1≤N≤100, wherein the quantity of the fractal blade of the first order can be 3-100 sheet, does not the most affect the present invention
The realization of technique effect and fall into protection scope of the present invention.
So far, already in connection with accompanying drawing, the present embodiment has been described in detail.According to above description, those skilled in the art
The diffuser based on fractal blade of the present invention should be had and clearly recognize.
It should be noted that in accompanying drawing or description text, the implementation not illustrating or describing, it is affiliated technology
In field, form known to a person of ordinary skill in the art, is not described in detail.Additionally, the above-mentioned definition to each element not only limiting
Various concrete structures, shape or the mode mentioned in embodiment, it can be carried out the most more by those of ordinary skill in the art
Change or replace, such as:
(1) fractal blade can also select other structures；
(2) the direction term mentioned in embodiment, such as " on ", D score, "front", "rear", "left", "right" etc., be only ginseng
Examine the direction of accompanying drawing, be not used for limiting the scope of the invention；
(3) above-described embodiment can based on design and the consideration of reliability, being mixed with each other collocation use or with other embodiments
Mix and match uses, and the technical characteristic in i.e. different embodiments can freely form more embodiment.
In sum, the diffuser based on fractal blade of the present invention can be used for aviation, generating, chemical industry, metallurgy, HVAC sky
The compressor adjusted, be that a kind of diffusion ability is big, stable operation range width, flow losses are little, simple and compact for structure, be easy to processing and
The diffuser manufactured.
Particular embodiments described above, has been carried out the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect the most in detail
Describe in detail bright, be it should be understood that the specific embodiment that the foregoing is only the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. done, should be included in the guarantor of the present invention
Within the scope of protecting.
Claims (10)
1. a diffuser based on fractal blade, it is characterised in that including: upper cover plate (1), lower cover (2) and fractal blade
Group；Described fractal vane group is located between described upper cover plate (1) and lower cover (2), described upper cover plate (1), lower cover (2) with
Forming gas channel (9) between fractal vane group, air-flow pressure after described gas passage (9) increases.
2. diffuser as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described fractal vane group includes along diffuser radially-arranged
The fractal blade of N level, wherein, the fractal blade of next stage be positioned at the fractal blade of upper level along diffuser radius augment direction, next
The twice that quantity is the fractal blade quantity of upper level of the fractal blade of level, each blade correspondence next stage of the fractal blade of upper level
Two blades of fractal blade, the said two blade of the fractal blade of next stage is symmetricly set on the blade of the fractal blade of upper level
Both sides.
3. diffuser as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described diffuser is circumferentially divided into the diffusion of multiple sector
Section, the quantity of the quantity of described diffuser blade fractal with the first order is identical, for each diffuser, its n-th grade of fractal leaf
The blade quantity of sheet is 2n-1。
4. diffuser as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the blade of the described fractal blade of N level is prismatic blade or bending
Blade.
5. diffuser as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that along diffuser radius augment direction, the described fractal blade of N level
Length of blade identical；Or increase step by step；Or reduce step by step.
6. diffuser as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that along diffuser radius augment direction, the described fractal blade of N level
Blade height identical；Or increase step by step；Or reduce step by step.
7. diffuser as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the blade of the described fractal blade of N level has homogeneous thickness；
Or, there is the streamline-shaped of uneven thickness.
8. diffuser as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the vane inlet end of the fractal blade of the first order be swallow-tail form,
Zigzag, circular arc or many circular arc.
9. diffuser as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described upper cover plate (1) and lower cover (2) are annular plate-like knot
Structure, forms gas feed (3), the outer rim of described upper cover plate and lower cover between inner edge and the inner edge of lower cover of described upper cover plate
Outer rim between formed gas outlet (4), the fractal blade of the first order is positioned at gas feed, and the fractal blade of N level is positioned at gas
Exit.
10. diffuser as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that described diffuser also includes: rectification passage of turning back, described
Rectification passage of turning back is the cylinder-like structure around diffuser, its gas feed the most just gas outlet (4) to diffuser,
Described rectification passage of turning back turns to through 90 degree, and its gas outlet axially extends.
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| CN109281760A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-01-29 | 中国航发湖南动力机械研究所 | Gas-turbine unit |
| CN110296088A (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-10-01 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of centrifugal compressor |
| CN111407185A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-07-14 | 追创科技(苏州)有限公司 | Low-noise efficient motor and dust collector |
| CN112177681A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-01-05 | 西北工业大学 | Fractal intermittent rib structure suitable for internal cooling of turbine blade |
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