CN106076121A - A kind of Membrane Materials desalination process and device - Google Patents
A kind of Membrane Materials desalination process and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106076121A CN106076121A CN201610403565.3A CN201610403565A CN106076121A CN 106076121 A CN106076121 A CN 106076121A CN 201610403565 A CN201610403565 A CN 201610403565A CN 106076121 A CN106076121 A CN 106076121A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/36—Pervaporation; Membrane distillation; Liquid permeation
- B01D61/364—Membrane distillation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/36—Pervaporation; Membrane distillation; Liquid permeation
- B01D61/366—Apparatus therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/447—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by membrane distillation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of separating technology using Multichannel ceramic membrane to carry out Membrane Materials desalination.The method utilizing Organic substance surface graft modification, regulates and controls Multichannel ceramic membrane surface hydrophilic and hydrophobic, prepares the ceramic membrane that hydrophobic performance is good.Modified ceramic membrane is applied to the desalination processes of Membrane Materials, in material liquid, hydrone is in vapour form through fenestra, wherein the material such as inorganic salt and macromole is then trapped, thus reach isolated and purified effect, the treating capacity of Multichannel ceramic membrane is apparently higher than the Membrane Materials process of the general organic film material of employing, and salt rejection rate is up to more than 99.9%.In Membrane Materials desalination processes, the use of Multichannel ceramic membrane material, provide not only higher mechanical strength and chemical stability, expand the application of hydrophobic membrane material in this field simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Membrane Materials desalination process and device, belong to separation process technical field.
Background technology
Water resources shortage is a global difficult problem, and many countries are faced with the present situation using water shortage, water pollution,
One of this key factor having become restriction economic society sustainable development, the most also the existence of the mankind in serious threat.China's year
All water deficits are up to billion cubic meter more than 500, close to the edge of water resources crisis.Bitter processes, the zero-emission of reverse osmosis concentrated water
Put, the technology such as desalinization is all the effective means alleviating water resources crisis, and is directed to the most greatly the degree of depth of high slat-containing wastewater
Desalination, if process that can not be appropriate, this kind of waste water containing a large amount of salinities can produce serious pollution to soil and subsoil water,
Can not well form recycling of water resource simultaneously.Separate it can be said that realize brine waste system Zhong Shui with salt, right
Maintenance in China's sustainable development and ecological environment all has and is of great significance.
Membrane Materials (membrane distillation, MD) is the combination of membrane separation technique and Conventional espresso technology,
With hydrophobic porous film as separating medium, both sides temperature gradient the steam pressure difference produced is as mass transfer force, warm
Hydrone in the material liquid of side, less than carburation by evaporation at a temperature of boiling point, passes hydrophobic membrane in gaseous form, and in aqueous phase
The material such as inorganic salt and macromole is then trapped, thus arrives separation, the purpose purified.Membrane Materials processes at bitter, food
Well application, especially desalinization is all obtained during concentration, cyclic cooling water desalting etc..Although the world is each at present
The main method that the desalinator on ground runs is still hyperfiltration, but by comparison, the operation pressure that Membrane Materials is used
Well below reverse osmosis, Membrane Materials can use the cheap energy such as factory's used heat, solar energy simultaneously, and this will well solve at present
The high energy consumption problem of desalting process, thus reduce high energy consumption, high operating cost that high pressure is brought.But, film steams
The commercial application example evaporated is little, there is presently no and reaches large-scale industrialization application, and tracing it to its cause, there mainly have to be following several
Individual aspect: 1, the permeation flux of Membrane Materials is the least；2, fenestra is the most wetted or partially wetted；3, easily draw in high slat-containing wastewater
Playing concentration polarization phenomenon causes permeation flux to reduce；4, Membrane Materials process film requires height, limits the selection of membrane material.
Membrane material is the core parts of membrane separating process, is broadly divided into organic membrane and inoranic membrane.Wherein, inorganic ceramic film tool
There are good heat stability and chemical stability.Compared with organic membrane, high, high temperature resistant, the antimicrobial of mechanical strength etc. is had to highlight
Advantage, gradually cause the concern of insider.In in recent years, in chemical industry, oil, light industry, food, medicine, water process, environmental protection
Obtain extensively effective application in field, become in film field most one of potential quality, the most promising material.
Chinese patent (CN1068973A) discloses modified micro-pore film for Membrane Materials and related film process, employing selected aperture
The microporous membrane of structure carries out hydrophobically modified, and is applied in Membrane Materials and correlated process thereof, extends Membrane Materials raw-material next
Source.Describing and use modified celluloid microporous membrane for Membrane Materials, obtaining distillating ventilating amount is 40.5 kg/ (m2·
H), rejection is 96.0 %.Chinese patent (CN101205086A) discloses strong brine vacuum membrane distillation technique for sea water desalination, sea
The hot solution of the strong brine of water desalination is by membrane module side, and opposite side evacuation, desalinization has been combined with salt industry
Come.Using polypropylene filament to test without imitative cloth politef laminating adhesive in invention case study on implementation, obtaining permeation flux is 20
kg/(m2H), salt rejection rate is at 99 more than %.Organic membrane is used above at 60 DEG C, the most aging.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to obtain format high throughput and the salt rejection rate of Membrane Materials desalination processes, solve in harsh system
The situations such as membrane material non-refractory, it is to avoid the fouling membrane during membrane material hydrophiling seepage during the course and Membrane Materials is asked
Topic.The hydrophobic ceramic film with multichannel configuration is used to carry out the desalinating process of Membrane Materials.Comparatively speaking, ceramic membrane is not only
Have the advantages that mechanical strength is high, chemical stability is good, simultaneously in Membrane Materials gained permeation flux and salt rejection rate also above
General organic membrane gained in Membrane Materials.This material be the harsh system during Membrane Materials provide certain intensity and
Higher chemical stability and heat stability, expanded the membrane material application development in Membrane Materials field.
A kind of Membrane Materials desalination process, comprises the steps: saline solns is sent into the film group equipped with Multichannel ceramic membrane
Flowing in part, the per-meate side at Multichannel ceramic membrane adds negative pressure, makes water in vapour form through fenestra, enters to per-meate side,
To desalted water；The film layer of described Multichannel ceramic membrane is hydrophobicity.
In one embodiment, the quantity of the membrane channels of described Multichannel ceramic membrane is more than 3；The diameter of membrane channels
Scope is 0.5～30mm.
In one embodiment, the average pore size scope of described Multichannel ceramic membrane is 5～5000nm.
In one embodiment, the film layer of Multichannel ceramic membrane is positioned on the inwall of passage.
In one embodiment, the film material of described Multichannel ceramic membrane is the ceramic material through hydrophobically modified.
In one embodiment, described saline solns refers to be dissolved with the aqueous solution of inorganic salt.
In one embodiment, described inorganic salt is selected from sodium salt, calcium salt, potassium salt, magnesium salt, iron salt, zinc salt, lithium salts, copper
One or several mixing in salt, aluminium salt.
In one embodiment, the concentration range of described saline solns is 1～300 g/L.
In one embodiment, the temperature of described saline solns is 5～95 DEG C.
In one embodiment, for needing cooling to make condensation through the water vapour of fenestra.
In one embodiment, after Membrane Materials operation is terminated, Multichannel ceramic membrane is carried out, cleaning step
It is: after using deionized water rinsing Multichannel ceramic membrane, then drying.
A kind of Membrane Materials desalter, includes: equipped with membrane module, the feed pump of Multichannel ceramic membrane, feed pump is with many
The material liquid entrance of passage ceramic membrane connects, and the per-meate side of Multichannel ceramic membrane connects and vacuum pump and condensing tube；Described many
The film layer of passage ceramic membrane is hydrophobicity.
In one embodiment, also including heating tank in device, heating tank is connected with feed pump.
In one embodiment, the material liquid outlet of Multichannel ceramic membrane is then connected to heating tank.
In one embodiment, the pipeline that feed pump is connected with the material liquid entrance of Multichannel ceramic membrane is additionally provided with
Effusion meter.
Beneficial effect
1, the ceramic membrane that the present invention uses carries out hydrophobically modified, through a series of signs such as contact angles by Organic substance surface grafting method
Means prove that its hydrophobic performance is good, keep higher permeation flux and desalination in the long-time stability of Membrane Materials are tested
Rate, up to 99.5 more than %.
2, ceramic membrane mechanical strength height, chemical-resistant stability and the heat stability that the present invention uses, it is possible to be applied to
In the harsh system of Membrane Materials, extend simultaneously membrane material Membrane Materials test in service life.
3, the present invention uses Multichannel ceramic membrane, and membrane area is big, and aquifer yield is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is distillation device figure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the outline drawing of the 61 passage modified ceramic films that the present invention uses.
Wherein, 1, heating tank；2, membrane module；3, condensing tube；4, vacuum pump；5, effusion meter；6, electronic balance；7, feed liquid
Pump.
Detailed description of the invention
The membrane distillation method that the present invention provides, saline is entered by the Multichannel ceramic membrane crossed mainly by film layer hydrophobically modified
Row Membrane Materials operates, and Multichannel ceramic membrane here includes at least 3 passages, it is also possible to be the port numbers such as 37,61,91,127
Amount, the diameter range of membrane channels is 0.5～30mm.In order to improve the filling area of device, the film layer of ceramic membrane is preferably positioned at
On the inwall of passage, the structure of the ceramic membrane of such as 61 passages is as shown in Figure 2.The average pore size scope of Multichannel ceramic membrane is
5～5000nm, more preferably 20～800nm.
Here there is no particular limitation for the ceramic material used by ceramic membrane, it is possible to from existing known ceramic material suitably
Select.It is, for example possible to use aluminium oxide, zirconium oxide, magnesium oxide, silicon oxide, titanium oxide, cerium oxide, yittrium oxide, the oxygen such as Barium metatitanate.
Change composition material；The composite oxygen such as cordierite, mullite, forsterite, steatite, sialon, zircon, ferrite
Change composition material.Wherein, aluminium oxide, zirconium dioxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, silicon oxide it are preferably selected from as main body composition pottery
One kind or two or more in material, wherein, " as main body " mentioned here represents 50 more than the wt % that ceramic powders is overall
(preferably more than 75wt%, more preferably 80～100 wt %) are above-mentioned ceramic material.
In one embodiment, the film material of described Multichannel ceramic membrane is the ceramic material through hydrophobically modified.
It is referred in patent CN101280241A disclosed surface graft modification method make.Heretofore described hydrophobicity, one
As can be understood as the water droplet contact angle on surface more than 60 °, preferred scope be greater than 90 °, more than 120 °, be more than
160 ° etc..The surface modification of ceramic membrane uses organo silane coupling agent that ceramic membrane carries out chemical modification, ceramic membrane surface chemistry
Modified employing infusion process, after soaking 2～20 hours by ceramic membrane in dissolved with the organic solvent of silane coupler；Process completes
After, repeatedly clean repeatedly with ethanol, be dried 1～6 hour at 120 DEG C the most in an oven, stand-by.Above-mentioned organic solvent is first
Benzene or carbon tetrachloride；Organo silane coupling agent be trim,ethylchlorosilane, dimethyldichlorosilane, methyl trichlorosilane, 18
Alkyltrichlorosilanes, γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane (KH570), γ-glycidyl ether oxygen propyl front three
TMOS (KH560), dichloromethyl octyl group silane, tri-phenyl chloride, normal-butyl dimethylchlorosilane, methyl dodecyl
Dichlorosilane, vinyl trichlorosilane, octyltrichlorosilane or 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluoro capryl trichlorosilane, or
The homologue of above coupling agent, isomers；The consumption of coupling agent is coupling agent mole and ceramic-film tube weight ratio 10
～200mmol/g.
The desalination system that method provided by the present invention can process refers to be dissolved with the aqueous solution of inorganic salt.
The aqueous solution of inorganic salt described here is not particularly limited, as long as have the inorganic of certain solubility in water
Aqueous solution obtained by salt can be adopted and carry out desalination in this way, and in certain embodiments, described inorganic salt is selected from sodium
One or several mixing in salt, calcium salt, potassium salt, magnesium salt, iron salt, zinc salt, lithium salts, mantoquita, aluminium salt.
The concentration range of saline solns described here is not particularly limited, and can be 1～300 g/L, it is also possible to be 35
～200 g/L.
When de-salting operation, the temperature of described saline solns is 5～95 DEG C；It can also be 40～90 DEG C；Can also be
55～75 DEG C.
After the per-meate side of ceramic membrane has obtained water vapour, can be cold for needing cooling to make through the water vapour of fenestra
Solidifying.
After desalination completes, it is preferred to use the ceramic membrane after Membrane Materials is tested by deionized water rinses repeatedly, then is placed in
In baking oven, after the drying, the ceramic membrane that can reuse is obtained.In experiments it is found that, use ceramic membrane to carry out Membrane Materials behaviour
After work, clean only by deionized water and can recover membrane flux, and when using polymeric film, can also exist needs use acid,
The problem that aqueous slkali carries out Regeneration Treatment.
The method using the present invention, the desalination processes of Membrane Materials can obtain higher permeation flux, and salt rejection rate is also
99.5 more than % can be maintained at.
It addition, present invention also offers the device that said method is used, as it is shown in figure 1, include: make pottery equipped with multichannel
The membrane module 2 of porcelain film, feed pump 7, feed pump 7 is connected with the material liquid entrance of Multichannel ceramic membrane, oozing of Multichannel ceramic membrane
Side connects and vacuum pump 4 and condensing tube 3 thoroughly；Also including heating tank 1 in device, heating tank 1 is connected with feed pump 7；Multichannel
The material liquid outlet of ceramic membrane is then connected to heating tank 1；At the pipe that feed pump 7 is connected with the material liquid entrance of Multichannel ceramic membrane
Effusion meter 5 it is additionally provided with on road.
Embodiment 1:
(1) 19 passage ceramic membrane materials selects surface graft modification method to carry out hydrophobically modified.Fill under 35 DEG C and condition of normal pressure
Divide and stir.After modification liquid reacts 5 h, ceramic membrane is placed in the modified solution prepared, carries out evacuation.Question response
Completing, surface bubble-free produces, and is repeatedly cleaned three times by the ceramic membrane of taking-up with deionized water and ethanol, is placed in baking oven,
It is dried 4 h under the conditions of 120 DEG C, i.e. can get the ceramic membrane that hydrophobic performance is good.
(2) compound concentration is the saline solution of 35 g/L, and the raw material tank pouring Membrane Materials into heats；
(3) after arriving 75 DEG C set, open feed pump, after system temperature is stable, open vacuum pump, set vacuum as
0.095 MPa；
(4) Membrane Materials system starts, feed velocity is 160 L/h, and material liquid flows into membrane module after effusion meter measures
In, the saline solution being concentrated is back to material fluid bath, and under the steam pressure difference effect of film both sides, the aqueous solvent in material liquid is then at film
Surface vaporization, in vapour form through fenestra, enters receiving flask after the cooling of condensed pipe；
(4) liquid in receiving flask is recorded and detects.Permeate by electronic balance and in stopwatch record certain time
The liquid quality that side is collected, weighs once every 30 min, and obtaining permeation flux is 29.07 kg/ (m2·h).Use inductance coupling
Close plasma transmitter detection feed side and per-meate side Na+Concentration, is 99.87 % with this salt rejection rate calculating Membrane Materials process；
(5), after experiment terminates, use deionized water that ceramic membrane is carried out, repeatedly rinse three times, be placed in baking oven, 120
It is dried 4 h under the conditions of DEG C, obtains the ceramic membrane that can reuse, carry out 3 Membrane Materials operations further in accordance with above-mentioned method, ooze
Flux can maintain more than 96% thoroughly, and salt rejection rate can maintain more than 99.70%.
Embodiment 2:
(1) 37 passage ceramic membrane materials selects surface graft modification method to carry out hydrophobically modified.Fill under 50 DEG C and condition of normal pressure
Divide and stir.After modification liquid reacts 12 h, ceramic membrane is placed in the modified solution prepared, carries out evacuation.Treat anti-
Should complete, surface bubble-free produces, and is repeatedly cleaned three times by the ceramic membrane of taking-up with deionized water and ethanol, is placed in baking oven,
Under the conditions of 120 DEG C, it is dried 4 h, i.e. can get the ceramic membrane that hydrophobic performance is good.
(2) compound concentration is the saline solution of 200 g/L, and the raw material tank pouring Membrane Materials into heats；
(3) after arriving 55 DEG C set, open feed pump, after system temperature is stable, open vacuum pump, set vacuum as
0.085 MPa；
(4) Membrane Materials system starts, feed velocity is 160 L/h, and material liquid flows into membrane module after effusion meter measures
In, the saline solution being concentrated is back to material fluid bath, and under the steam pressure difference effect of film both sides, the aqueous solvent in material liquid is then at film
Surface vaporization, in vapour form through fenestra, enters receiving flask after the cooling of condensed pipe；
(5) liquid in receiving flask is recorded and detects.Permeate by electronic balance and in stopwatch record certain time
The liquid quality that side is collected, weighs once every 30 min, and obtaining permeation flux is 18.92 kg/ (m2·h).Use inductance coupling
Close plasma transmitter detection feed side and per-meate side Na+Concentration, is 99.65 % with this salt rejection rate calculating Membrane Materials process；
(6), after experiment terminates, use deionized water that ceramic membrane is carried out, repeatedly rinse three times, be placed in baking oven, 120
It is dried 4 h under the conditions of DEG C, obtains the ceramic membrane that can reuse, carry out 3 Membrane Materials operations further in accordance with above-mentioned method, ooze
Flux can maintain more than 96% thoroughly, and salt rejection rate can maintain more than 99.50%.
Embodiment 3:
(1) 61 passage ceramic membrane materials selects surface graft modification method to carry out hydrophobically modified.Fill under 70 DEG C and condition of normal pressure
Divide and stir.After modification liquid reacts 2 h, ceramic membrane is placed in the modified solution prepared, carries out evacuation.Question response
Completing, surface bubble-free produces, and is repeatedly cleaned three times by the ceramic membrane of taking-up with deionized water and ethanol, is placed in baking oven,
It is dried 4 h under the conditions of 120 DEG C, i.e. can get the ceramic membrane that hydrophobic performance is good.
(2) compound concentration is the saline solution of 120 g/L, and the raw material tank pouring Membrane Materials into heats；
(3) after arriving 70 DEG C set, open feed pump, after system temperature is stable, open vacuum pump, set vacuum as
0.095 MPa；
(4) Membrane Materials system starts, feed velocity is 40 L/h, and material liquid flows into membrane module after effusion meter measures
In, the saline solution being concentrated is back to material fluid bath, and under the steam pressure difference effect of film both sides, the aqueous solvent in material liquid is then at film
Surface vaporization, in vapour form through fenestra, enters receiving flask after the cooling of condensed pipe；
(5) liquid in receiving flask is recorded and detects.Permeate by electronic balance and in stopwatch record certain time
The liquid quality that side is collected, weighs once every 30 min, and obtaining permeation flux is 34.26 kg/ (m2·h).Use inductance coupling
Close plasma transmitter detection feed side and per-meate side Na+Concentration, is 99.97 % with this salt rejection rate calculating Membrane Materials process；
(6), after experiment terminates, use deionized water that ceramic membrane is carried out, repeatedly rinse three times, be placed in baking oven, 120
It is dried 4 h under the conditions of DEG C, obtains the ceramic membrane that can reuse, carry out 3 Membrane Materials operations further in accordance with above-mentioned method, ooze
Flux can maintain more than 96% thoroughly, and salt rejection rate can maintain more than 99.80%.
Embodiment 4:
(1) 61 passage ceramic membrane materials selects surface graft modification method to carry out hydrophobically modified.Fill under 60 DEG C and condition of normal pressure
Divide and stir.After modification liquid reacts 8 h, ceramic membrane is placed in the modified solution prepared, carries out evacuation.Question response
Completing, surface bubble-free produces, and is repeatedly cleaned three times by the ceramic membrane of taking-up with deionized water and ethanol, is placed in baking oven,
It is dried 4 h under the conditions of 120 DEG C, i.e. can get the ceramic membrane that hydrophobic performance is good.
(2) compound concentration is the saline solution of 95 g/L, and the raw material tank pouring Membrane Materials into heats；
(3) after arriving 75 DEG C set, open feed pump, after system temperature is stable, open vacuum pump, set vacuum as
0.095 MPa；
(4) Membrane Materials system starts, feed velocity is 120 L/h, and material liquid flows into membrane module after effusion meter measures
In, the saline solution being concentrated is back to material fluid bath, and under the steam pressure difference effect of film both sides, the aqueous solvent in material liquid is then at film
Surface vaporization, in vapour form through fenestra, enters receiving flask after the cooling of condensed pipe；
(5) liquid in receiving flask is recorded and detects.Permeate by electronic balance and in stopwatch record certain time
The liquid quality that side is collected, weighs once every 30 min, and obtaining permeation flux is 35.13 kg/ (m2·h).Use inductance coupling
Close plasma transmitter detection feed side and per-meate side Na+Concentration, is 99.61 % with this salt rejection rate calculating Membrane Materials process；
(6), after experiment terminates, use deionized water that ceramic membrane is carried out, repeatedly rinse three times, be placed in baking oven, 120
It is dried 4 h under the conditions of DEG C, obtains the ceramic membrane that can reuse, carry out 3 Membrane Materials operations further in accordance with above-mentioned method, ooze
Flux can maintain more than 96% thoroughly, and salt rejection rate can maintain more than 99.50%.
Reference examples
Difference with embodiment 4 is: uses hydrophobic polyimide microporous membrane here and carries out Membrane Materials operation；
(1) compound concentration is the saline solution of 95 g/L, and the raw material tank pouring Membrane Materials into heats；
(2) after arriving 55 DEG C set, open feed pump, after system temperature is stable, open vacuum pump, set vacuum as
0.095 MPa；
(3) Membrane Materials system starts, feed velocity is 120 L/h, and material liquid flows into equipped with hydrophobic after effusion meter measures
In the membrane module of property Polyimide Hollow Fiber, the saline solution being concentrated is back to material fluid bath, and at film both sides steam pressure difference
Under effect, the aqueous solvent in material liquid is then at film surface vaporization, in vapour form through fenestra, enters and receive after the cooling of condensed pipe
Collection bottle；
(4) liquid in receiving flask is recorded and detects.Permeate by electronic balance and in stopwatch record certain time
The liquid quality that side is collected, weighs once every 30 min, and obtaining permeation flux is 24.54 kg/ (m2·h).Use inductance coupling
Close plasma transmitter detection feed side and per-meate side Na+Concentration, is 99.46 % with this salt rejection rate calculating Membrane Materials process；
(5), after experiment terminates, use deionized water that ceramic membrane is carried out, repeatedly rinse three times, be placed in baking oven, 120
It is dried 4 h under the conditions of DEG C, obtains the ceramic membrane that can reuse, carry out 3 Membrane Materials operations further in accordance with above-mentioned method, ooze
Flux can maintain about 91% thoroughly, salt rejection rate about 99.12%.
Claims (10)
1. a Membrane Materials desalination process, it is characterised in that comprise the steps: to send into equipped with multichannel pottery saline solns
Flowing in the membrane module of film, the per-meate side at Multichannel ceramic membrane adds negative pressure, makes water in vapour form through fenestra, enters to ooze
Side, obtains desalted water thoroughly；The film layer of described Multichannel ceramic membrane is hydrophobicity.
Membrane Materials desalination process the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the membrane channels of described Multichannel ceramic membrane
Quantity be more than 3；The diameter range of membrane channels is 0.5～30mm.
Membrane Materials desalination process the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the average hole of described Multichannel ceramic membrane
Footpath scope is 5～5000nm.
Membrane Materials desalination process the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the film layer of Multichannel ceramic membrane is positioned at passage
Inwall on.
Membrane Materials desalination process the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the film layer material of described Multichannel ceramic membrane
Material is the ceramic material through hydrophobically modified.
Membrane Materials desalination process the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described saline solns refers to be dissolved with nothing
The aqueous solution of machine salt；Described inorganic salt is in sodium salt, calcium salt, potassium salt, magnesium salt, iron salt, zinc salt, lithium salts, mantoquita, aluminium salt
One or several mixing；The concentration range of described saline solns is 1～300 g/L；The temperature of described saline solns
It it is 5～95 DEG C.
Membrane Materials desalination process the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that for needing fall through the water vapour of fenestra
Temperature makes condensation.
Membrane Materials desalination process the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that after terminating for Membrane Materials operation, to many
Passage ceramic membrane is carried out, and cleaning step is: after using deionized water rinsing Multichannel ceramic membrane, then drying.
9. a Membrane Materials desalter, it is characterised in that include: equipped with membrane module (2), the feed pump of Multichannel ceramic membrane
(7), feed pump (7) is connected with the material liquid entrance of Multichannel ceramic membrane, and the per-meate side of Multichannel ceramic membrane connects and vacuum pump
And condensing tube (3) (4)；The film layer of described Multichannel ceramic membrane is hydrophobicity.
Membrane Materials desalter the most according to claim 9, it is characterised in that also include heating tank (1) in device,
Heating tank (1) is connected with feed pump (7)；The material liquid outlet of Multichannel ceramic membrane is then connected to heating tank (1)；At feed pump
(7) it is additionally provided with effusion meter (5) on the pipeline being connected with the material liquid entrance of Multichannel ceramic membrane；Described Multichannel ceramic membrane
The quantity of membrane channels be more than 3；The diameter range of membrane channels is 0.5～30mm；Described Multichannel ceramic membrane average
Pore diameter range is 5～5000nm；The film layer of Multichannel ceramic membrane is positioned on the inwall of passage；The film of described Multichannel ceramic membrane
Layer material is the ceramic material through hydrophobically modified.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610403565.3A CN106076121A (en) | 2016-06-12 | 2016-06-12 | A kind of Membrane Materials desalination process and device |
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| CN107043144A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-08-15 | 曹志平 | A kind of method and device desalinized seawater |
| CN108636121A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-10-12 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of membrane distillation coupling MVR concentration strong corrosive solution systems and method |
| CN108704486A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-10-26 | 同济大学 | The Membrane cleaning drying means and Membrane cleaning drying system of vacuum membrane distillation |
| CN110461452A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2019-11-15 | 旭化成株式会社 | The method of operation of membrane distillation multiple aperture plasma membrane and membrane distillation component |
| US20210188678A1 (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2021-06-24 | Colorado State University Research Foundation | Systems and methods for purifying aqueous solutions |
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| CN108636121A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-10-12 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of membrane distillation coupling MVR concentration strong corrosive solution systems and method |
| US20210188678A1 (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2021-06-24 | Colorado State University Research Foundation | Systems and methods for purifying aqueous solutions |
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