A kind of Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae implantation methods
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of agricultural cultivation, it is more particularly related to a kind of Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae implantation methods.
Background technology
Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae belongs to Compositae Lactuca annual herb plant, also known as Leaf lettuce, originates in Mediterranean, wild species tames and dociles
Change.Cultivar can be divided into by the growth conditions of leaf: bile ingredients, loose-leaf lettuce, leaf upright Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae three major types.People from Guangdong because of
Its dish can be eaten raw, therefore is named Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae, and it is of high nutritive value, vitamin A, vitamin A1, vitamin B2And calcareous, irony content
All being higher than some melon-fruit-like vegetables, blade is tender and crisp tasty and refreshing, can eat raw, cold and dressed with sauce or cook salad cold dish, is listed as temperature with Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, Fructus Cucumidis sativi
Room soilless culture three last course of a feast class.Because its strain shape is little, trophophase short (after broadcasting, 40~60d can gather in the crops), cold-hartliness is strong, yielding ability
Good, management is simple, the most all can cultivate, and is suitable for water planting, is the crop that domestic and international vegetable aquaculture area is the biggest.Water planting Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae
Growth cycle is short, and multiple crop index is big, production economy high efficiency;Yield high-quality is good, and ratio has native cultivation yield to improve 1~3 times, water
Training Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae is not sprayed insecticide, and pollution-free, its product is fresh and tender, clean, in good taste, quality is superior;Adapt to the demand in market, can delay
Solve vegetable short supply in dull season.
Summary of the invention
Problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae implantation methods.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
A kind of Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae implantation methods, comprises the steps:
(1) accelerating germination
Semen Lactucae sativae is clean by water control after soaking 12~24h with cold water, loads airtight plastic bag, puts into the cold room of refrigerator 2~4
Processing 12~24h at DEG C, then take out under conditions of being placed on 15~19 DEG C, keep seed to moisten, seed is sowed after showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally;
(2) nursery
Select sponge block thick for loose 3cm, be cut into the fritter of 3mm, be connected between block, sponge block clear water is cleaned, is placed on
In seedlings nursing plate standby, the cross mouth of the center cutter standardized deep 3~5mm of each sponge block is used for sowing, the seed after accelerating germination
Fill in the cross mouth of sponge block, broadcast 2~4 for every piece.After broadcasting, seedlings nursing plate is filled up water, make sponge block be impregnated with, be placed on 20 DEG C of left sides
Nursery in right environment, before emerging sponge block be always maintained at top layer moisten;
(3) seedling management
Nursery bed temperature controls at 20~26 DEG C, broadcasts rear every day and sprays 1 time with watering can, keeps the surface of the seed to moisten, cultivates 2~4d,
Broadcasting latter 10th day, true leaf launches, and starts to water the nutritional solution of 2.5mg/L concentration, nursery middle and late stage thinning, each sponge block only stays
1 strain, falls water in dish dry as far as possible, changes the nutritional solution of 2.5mg/L, make nutritional solution invade to sponge block surface;
(4) field planting
Treat that seedling grows to 2~4 true leaves, be field planting optimum period when root gets out bottom sponge block, be transplanted in booth, spacing in the rows 27~
31 centimetres, dig cave field planting, water in time and determine root water;
(5) management
The slow Seedling stage after field planting, daytime canopy temperature 22~26 DEG C, night 15~19 DEG C, after slow Seedling, canopy temperature is more slightly lower than the last period, in vain
It temperature, at 20~22 DEG C, maintains 10~16 DEG C night;During results, canopy temperature preferably reduces, and controls daytime at 10~16 DEG C, night
Between at 5~9 DEG C, every other day water one time of nutrition liquid.
Preferably, Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae is put in illumination box and is cultivated by described step (1).
Preferably, described step (1) intensity of illumination is 700~800 luxs.
Preferably, described step (3) nutrient solution prescription is calcium carbonate 115~121mg/L, potassium nitrate 66~70mg/L, nitre
Acid magnesium 110~120mg/L, potassium sulfate 53~57mg/L, chelated iron 18~22mg/L, phosphoric acid 0.6~0.8mg/L, manganese sulfate 0.4
~0.6mg/L, zinc sulfate 0.045~0.055mg/L, copper sulfate 0.015~0.025mg/L, ammonium molybdate 0.008~0.012mg/
L。
Preferably, described step (4) is first ploughed, and next spreads fertilizer over the fields base manure, then revolves ground, ridging, ridge high 15~17cm, row spacing
80~90cm.
Preferably, described step (4) base manure is the mixture of plant ash and organic fertilizer.
Preferably, it is equipped with impervious barrier bottom described step (4) booth, between described every ridge, is provided with water storage canal.
Preferably, described step (5) should increase the consumption of phosphorus potassium at Growth of Lettuce middle and late stage.
Beneficial effect: the invention provides a kind of Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae implantation methods, described being put into by Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae in illumination box is cultivated,
Described intensity of illumination is 750 luxs, and certain intensity of illumination is conducive to the sprouting of seed, the formula of described nutritional solution to carry
For the various nutrient substance needed for growth, described step (4) is first ploughed, and next spreads fertilizer over the fields base manure, then revolves ground, ridging, described base
Fertilizer is the mixture of plant ash and organic fertilizer, can improve the quality of Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae, environmental protection, be equipped with anti-bottom described booth
Infiltration layer, is provided with water storage canal between described every ridge, is possible to prevent the loss of rich water, it is possible to reuse fertilizer, economic and environment-friendly, described
Growth of Lettuce middle and late stage should increase the consumption of phosphorus potassium, and phosphorus potassium requirement is increased considerably by the Growth of Lettuce entrance later stage, this cultivation
Method is easy, efficient, safety, and cost is relatively low, simple to operate, replicability is strong, application prospect is extensive.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1:
A kind of Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae implantation methods, comprises the steps:
(1) accelerating germination
Semen Lactucae sativae is clean by water control after soaking 12h with cold water, loads airtight plastic bag, and the cold room putting into refrigerator is located at 2 DEG C
Reason 12h, then takes out to put in illumination box and cultivates, and under conditions of 15 DEG C, intensity of illumination is 700 luxs, keeps planting
Son is moistening, and seed is sowed after showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally;
(2) nursery
Select sponge block thick for loose 3cm, be cut into the fritter of 3mm, be connected between block, sponge block clear water is cleaned, is placed on
In seedlings nursing plate standby, the cross mouth of the standardized deep 3mm of center cutter of each sponge block is used for sowing, and the seed after accelerating germination is filled in
In the cross mouth of sponge block, broadcast 2 for every piece.After broadcasting, seedlings nursing plate is filled up water, make sponge block be impregnated with, be placed in about 20 DEG C environment
Nursery, before emerging sponge block be always maintained at top layer moisten;
(3) seedling management
Nursery bed temperature controls at 20 DEG C, broadcasts rear every day and sprays 1 time with watering can, keeps the surface of the seed to moisten, cultivates 2d, broadcasts the rear 10th
My god, true leaf launches, and starts to water the nutritional solution of 2.5mg/L concentration, nursery middle and late stage thinning, each sponge block only stays 1 strain, by dish
Middle water falls dry as far as possible, changes the nutritional solution of 2.5mg/L, makes nutritional solution invade to sponge block surface, and described nutrient solution prescription is carbonic acid
Calcium 1151mg/L, potassium nitrate 66mg/L, magnesium nitrate 110mg/L, potassium sulfate 53mg/L, chelated iron 18mg/L, phosphoric acid 0.6mg/L,
Manganese sulfate 0.4mg/L, zinc sulfate 0.045~mg/L, copper sulfate 0.015mg/L, ammonium molybdate 0.008mg/L;
(4) field planting
First ploughing, next spreads fertilizer over the fields base manure, then revolves ground, ridging, ridge height 15cm, row spacing 80cm, treats that seedling grows to 2 true leaves, root
It is field planting optimum period when getting out bottom sponge block, is transplanted in booth that spacing in the rows 271 centimetres is dug cave field planting, watered in time and determine root water,
Described base manure is the mixture of plant ash and organic fertilizer, is equipped with impervious barrier, is provided with storage between described every ridge bottom described booth
Water channel;
(5) management
The slow Seedling stage after field planting, daytime canopy temperature 22 DEG C, night 15 DEG C, after slow Seedling, canopy temperature is more slightly lower than the last period, and day temperature exists
20 DEG C, maintain 10 DEG C night;During results, canopy temperature preferably reduces, and controls daytime at 10 DEG C, and night, at 5 DEG C, every other day waters one
Secondary nutritional solution, should increase the consumption of phosphorus potassium at Growth of Lettuce middle and late stage.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae implantation methods, comprises the steps:
(1) accelerating germination
Semen Lactucae sativae is clean by water control after soaking 18h with cold water, loads airtight plastic bag, and the cold room putting into refrigerator is located at 3 DEG C
Reason 18h, then takes out to put in illumination box and cultivates, and under conditions of 17 DEG C, intensity of illumination is 750 luxs, keeps planting
Son is moistening, and seed is sowed after showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally;
(2) nursery
Select sponge block thick for loose 3cm, be cut into the fritter of 3mm, be connected between block, sponge block clear water is cleaned, is placed on
In seedlings nursing plate standby, the cross mouth of the standardized deep 4mm of center cutter of each sponge block is used for sowing, and the seed after accelerating germination is filled in
In the cross mouth of sponge block, broadcast 3 for every piece.After broadcasting, seedlings nursing plate is filled up water, make sponge block be impregnated with, be placed in about 20 DEG C environment
Nursery, before emerging sponge block be always maintained at top layer moisten;
(3) seedling management
Nursery bed temperature controls at 23 DEG C, broadcasts rear every day and sprays 1 time with watering can, keeps the surface of the seed to moisten, cultivates 3d, broadcasts the rear 10th
My god, true leaf launches, and starts to water the nutritional solution of 2.5mg/L concentration, nursery middle and late stage thinning, each sponge block only stays 1 strain, by dish
Middle water falls dry as far as possible, changes the nutritional solution of 2.5mg/L, makes nutritional solution invade to sponge block surface, and described nutrient solution prescription is carbonic acid
Calcium 118mg/L, potassium nitrate 68mg/L, magnesium nitrate 115mg/L, potassium sulfate 55mg/L, chelated iron 20mg/L, phosphoric acid 0.7mg/L, sulfur
Acid manganese 0.5mg/L, zinc sulfate 0.05mg/L, copper sulfate 0.02mg/L, ammonium molybdate 0.01mg/L;
(4) field planting
First ploughing, next spreads fertilizer over the fields base manure, then revolves ground, ridging, ridge height 16cm, row spacing 85cm, treats that seedling grows to 3 true leaves, root
It is field planting optimum period when getting out bottom sponge block, is transplanted in booth that spacing in the rows 29 centimetres digs cave field planting, water in time and determine root water, institute
State the mixture that base manure is plant ash and organic fertilizer, be equipped with impervious barrier bottom described booth, between described every ridge, be provided with water storage
Canal;
(5) management
The slow Seedling stage after field planting, daytime canopy temperature 24 DEG C, night 17 DEG C, after slow Seedling, canopy temperature is more slightly lower than the last period, and day temperature exists
21 DEG C, maintain 13 DEG C night;During results, canopy temperature preferably reduces, and controls daytime at 13 DEG C, and night, at 7 DEG C, every other day waters one
Secondary nutritional solution, should increase the consumption of phosphorus potassium at Growth of Lettuce middle and late stage.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae implantation methods, comprises the steps:
(1) accelerating germination
Semen Lactucae sativae is clean by water control after soaking 24h with cold water, loads airtight plastic bag, and the cold room putting into refrigerator is located at 4 DEG C
24h, then takes out to put in illumination box and cultivates, and under conditions of 19 DEG C, intensity of illumination is 800 luxs, keeps seed
Moistening, seed is sowed after showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally;
(2) nursery
Select sponge block thick for loose 3cm, be cut into the fritter of 3mm, be connected between block, sponge block clear water is cleaned, is placed on
In seedlings nursing plate standby, the cross mouth of the standardized deep 5mm of center cutter of each sponge block is used for sowing, and the seed after accelerating germination is filled in
In the cross mouth of sponge block, broadcast 4 for every piece.After broadcasting, seedlings nursing plate is filled up water, make sponge block be impregnated with, be placed in about 20 DEG C environment
Nursery, before emerging sponge block be always maintained at top layer moisten;
(3) seedling management
Nursery bed temperature controls at 26 DEG C, broadcasts rear every day and sprays 1 time with watering can, keeps the surface of the seed to moisten, cultivates 4d, broadcasts the rear 10th
My god, true leaf launches, and starts to water the nutritional solution of 2.5mg/L concentration, nursery middle and late stage thinning, each sponge block only stays 1 strain, by dish
Middle water falls dry as far as possible, changes the nutritional solution of 2.5mg/L, makes nutritional solution invade to sponge block surface, and described nutrient solution prescription is carbonic acid
Calcium 121mg/L, potassium nitrate 70mg/L, magnesium nitrate 120mg/L, potassium sulfate 57mg/L, chelated iron 22mg/L, phosphoric acid 0.8mg/L, sulfur
Acid manganese 0.6mg/L, zinc sulfate 0.055mg/L, copper sulfate 0.025mg/L, ammonium molybdate 0.012mg/L;
(4) field planting
First ploughing, next spreads fertilizer over the fields base manure, then revolves ground, ridging, ridge height 17cm, row spacing 90cm, treats that seedling grows to 4 true leaves, root
It is field planting optimum period when getting out bottom sponge block, is transplanted in booth that spacing in the rows 31 centimetres digs cave field planting, water in time and determine root water, institute
State the mixture that base manure is plant ash and organic fertilizer, be equipped with impervious barrier bottom described booth, between described every ridge, be provided with water storage
Canal;
(5) management
The slow Seedling stage after field planting, daytime canopy temperature 26 DEG C, night 19 DEG C, after slow Seedling, canopy temperature is more slightly lower than the last period, and day temperature exists
22 DEG C, maintain 16 DEG C night;During results, canopy temperature preferably reduces, and controls daytime at 16 DEG C, and night, at 9 DEG C, every other day waters one
Secondary nutritional solution, should increase the consumption of phosphorus potassium at Growth of Lettuce middle and late stage.
After process above, taking out sample respectively, measurement result is as follows:
Detection project | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Prior art index |
Survival rate (%) | 94 | 96 | 95 | 90 |
Mouthfeel | Typically | Good | Typically | Typically |
Yield (kg/667 m<sup>2</sup>) | 1700 | 2000 | 1800 | 1600 |
Can draw according to above table data, the survival of the Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae after Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae is planted than prior art when embodiment 2 parameter
Rate is high, and yield is high, and mouthfeel is higher than what prior art was planted, is now more beneficial for the plantation of Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae.
The invention provides a kind of Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae implantation methods, described being put into by Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae in illumination box is cultivated, described illumination
Intensity is 750 luxs, and certain intensity of illumination is conducive to the sprouting of seed, the formula of described nutritional solution can provide growth institute
The various nutrient substance needed, described step (4) first ploughs, and next spreads fertilizer over the fields base manure, then revolves ground, ridging, and described base manure is vegetation
Ash and the mixture of organic fertilizer, can improve the quality of Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae, environmental protection, be equipped with impervious barrier, institute bottom described booth
State and between every ridge, be provided with water storage canal, be possible to prevent the loss of rich water, it is possible to reuse fertilizer, economic and environment-friendly, described raw at Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae
Long middle and late stage should increase the consumption of phosphorus potassium, and phosphorus potassium requirement is increased considerably by the Growth of Lettuce entrance later stage, this cultural method letter
Just, efficiently, safety, and cost is relatively low, simple to operate, replicability is strong, application prospect is extensive.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention, not thereby limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, every utilize this
Equivalent structure or equivalence flow process that bright description is made convert, or are directly or indirectly used in other relevant technology necks
Territory, is the most in like manner included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.