CN106049601A - Collection, storage, and drain integrated rainfall flood holding up culvert and rainwater resource method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides an integrated rainwater interception culvert for collection, storage and drainage, which includes an interception culvert and an ecological forest. The said interception culvert is arranged under the ground. The intercepting culvert is connected to the underground part of the ecological forest, and a plurality of drainage holes are arranged on the intercepting culvert. The invention also provides a rainwater resource utilization method. The invention saves floor space and has little impact on the surrounding environment; compared with point layout, the penetrating and surrounding layout has obvious advantages in addressing the problem of resource utilization of rainwater in large areas, alleviates the shortage of water resources, reduces the flood control load of downstream cities, and reduces Non-point source pollution, but also has landscape value.

Description

A rainwater interception culvert and rainwater resource utilization method integrating collection, storage and drainage

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of urban rainwater management, and in particular relates to a rainwater interception culvert integrated with collection, storage and drainage and a rainwater resource utilization method.

Background technique

China is a country seriously short of water resources. The per capita water resources are less than 2200m ³ , and the distribution of water resources is uneven, with more in the south and less in the north. In recent years, urban water shortage has not only seriously affected economic development and people's production and life, but also caused a series of ecological problems due to the excessive development and utilization of water resources. While water resources are in short supply, severe water pollution has not yet been effectively controlled. In particular, the control of rainwater runoff pollution is difficult and has a high impact on the surface water environment, which has become the focus of research at home and abroad. With the rapid development of urbanization, the impermeable area increases, the design return period of the drainage system is relatively small, and the drainage capacity is insufficient, which makes the city's flood control problem more prominent, and frequent rainstorm and flood disasters.

Most cities in my country are facing the triple test of water shortage, serious water pollution and frequent floods. How to rationally utilize urban rainwater resources, effectively reduce storm runoff, reduce initial rainwater pollution, and reduce flood disasters has become a major topic of widespread concern.

Foreign developed countries have carried out the management and control of urban rainwater resources as early as the 1960s. Japan has the largest scale of rainwater resources. In 1963, it began to build storage ponds for flood detention and storage of rainwater. Germany is the country with the highest rate of rainwater resources in Europe. One, its technical feature lies in the integration of equipment; the research on rainwater resource utilization in the United States started in the 1970s, with the main purpose of improving the natural infiltration capacity of the soil. At present, rainwater resource utilization in developed countries has entered the stage of standardization and industrialization. Among them, engineering measures such as rainwater ponds and storage ponds have been widely used and become Best Management Practices (BMPs) of rainwater.

However, urban rainwater management projects in my country are still in their infancy. Although projects such as storage tanks have been applied to a certain extent, further research and improvement are still needed in combination with the development and needs of different cities. Especially for cities with mountains, how to effectively use mountain rainwater, There is less research on reducing the flood control load of downstream cities and reducing urban rainwater runoff pollution. Therefore, it is very necessary to carry out research on rainwater resource utilization and establish a multi-objective and multi-functional rainwater control project.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the invention is to solve the problems of urban water resource shortage, serious water pollution and frequent flood disasters.

For this reason, the present invention provides a kind of integrated rainwater intercepting culvert of collection, storage and drainage, comprising intercepting culvert and ecological forest, described intercepting culvert is arranged under the ground, and described ecological forest consists of an aboveground part and an underground part Composition, the intercepting culvert is connected to the underground part of the ecological forest, and a plurality of drainage holes are arranged on the intercepting implicit culvert.

The interception culvert includes a lower water storage area and an upper overflow area.

The intercepting culvert is an L-shaped intercepting culvert, the vertical section of the L-shaped intercepting culvert is an overflow area, the horizontal section is a water storage area, and the upper part of the horizontal section is an ecological forest;

The top of the overflow area is provided with a grid, and overflow plates are arranged at intervals in the water storage area, and the overflow plates are parallel to the horizontal section of the L-shaped intercepting culvert, and the drainage holes are arranged Bottom, each overflow plate has drainage holes in the bottom.

The volume of the water storage area is larger than that of the overflow area.

Both the overflow plate and the bottom of the L-shaped culvert are prefabricated concrete slabs, and the bottom of the overflow plate is connected to the precast concrete slab at the bottom of the L-shaped culvert. The length of the overflow plate is the same as the length of the horizontal section of the L-shaped culvert , and the height is the same as the height of the water storage area.

The upper part of the ecological forest is an animal and plant layer, and the underground part is composed of an upper soil layer and a lower gravel layer. The bottom elevation of the animal and plant layer is the same as the grid elevation, and the gravel layer is arranged above the water storage area.

The thickness of the soil layer is 40-80 cm, and the thickness of the gravel layer is 15-25 cm.

The present invention also provides a rainwater recycling method, comprising the following steps:

Step 1) The stormwater interception culvert integrated with collection, storage and drainage is placed at the foot of the mountain, between the mountain and the city, and the interception culvert is placed under the ground, and the two sides are respectively connected to the foot of the mountain and the ecological forest;

Step 2) When the rainwater runoff is small, part of the rainwater enters the intercepted culvert and accumulates in the intercepted culvert;

When the rainwater runoff is large, the intercepted culvert is full, and the rainwater overflows through the upper part of the intercepted culvert. The overflowing rainwater is absorbed by the ecological forest, stored and stagnated, and seeps out. The accumulated rainwater is discharged through the drainage holes for collection and reuse.

The layout of the stormwater interception and retention culverts surrounding the mountains with the integration of collection, storage and drainage as described in step 1).

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. Save floor area: The integrated rainwater interception culvert of collection, storage and drainage is an underground culvert structure, which not only can effectively use the space elevation, but also saves ground space and has little impact on the surrounding environment.

2. Penetrating and surrounding layout: This structure is arranged around the mountain and runs through the entire mountain watershed, with a wide range of services. Compared with the "point" layout, it has obvious advantages in addressing the problem of large-area rainwater resources.

3. Multifunctional integration:

(1) Alleviate the shortage of water resources: Rainwater interception culverts are installed at the foot of the mountain to collect and store rainwater from the mountain, and effectively reuse it to avoid waste of rainwater and improve the utilization rate of rainwater.

(2) Reduce the flood control load of downstream cities: the rainwater interception culvert collects part of the mountain rainwater through its interception and stagnation, thereby reducing the flood peak flow, delaying the peak time, reducing urban runoff, and slowing down the rainwater pipe network load.

(3) Reduce non-point source pollution: Rainwater runoff is an important part of urban non-point source pollution. The ecological L-shaped interception implicitly reduces urban non-point source pollution by reducing rainwater runoff.

(4) It has landscape value: the combination of L-shaped culvert and ecological forest integrates ecological function and use function, and increases the beauty and entertainment of the system.

Further details will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic longitudinal section of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. city; 2. mountain; 3. ecological forest; 4. overflow plate; 5. grille; 6. drainage hole; 7. culvert; 8. animal and plant layer; , gravel layer; 11, concrete lining; 12, water storage area; 13, overflow area.

detailed description

Example 1:

This embodiment provides an integrated rainwater interception culvert for collection, storage and drainage, including an interception culvert 7 and an ecological forest 3, the interception implicit culvert 7 is arranged under the ground, and the ecological forest 3 consists of an aboveground part and an ecological forest 3. The underground part is composed of the underground part of the intercepting culvert 7, which is connected with the underground part of the ecological forest 3, and a plurality of drainage holes 6 are arranged on the intercepting implicit culvert 7.

The intercepted culvert collects and stores rainwater, and the ecological forest 3 absorbs, stores and stagnates rainwater and seeps out, reducing runoff, reducing the city's flood control load and non-point source pollution. After the rainwater is collected, the collected rainwater needs to be released and reused, and the collected rainwater is discharged through the drainage hole 6 or the pipeline to facilitate rainwater reuse.

Example 2:

On the basis of Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a rainwater interception and retention culvert integrated with collection, storage and drainage as shown in Figure 1. The interception and implicit culvert 7 includes a lower water storage area 12 and an upper Overflow zone 13.

The intercepting culvert 7 is an L-shaped intercepting culvert, the vertical section of the L-shaped intercepting culvert is the overflow area 13, the horizontal section is the water storage area 12, and the ecological forest 3 is above the horizontal section;

The top of the overflow area 13 is provided with a grid 5, and the overflow plate 4 is arranged at intervals in the water storage area 12, and the overflow plate 4 is parallel to the horizontal section of the L-shaped intercepting culvert, and the drainage hole 6 It is arranged at the bottom of the overflow plate 4, and each overflow plate 4 has a drainage hole 6 at the bottom.

The rainwater intercepting culvert of the present invention is arranged at the foot of the mountain between the mountain body 2 and the city 1, and is arranged around the mountain body 2, that is, the mountain body 2, the rainwater intercepting culvert, and the city 1 are arranged in a loop in the horizontal direction, and in the longitudinal direction. Ladder arrangement.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the rainwater interception culvert is installed at the bottom of the mountain 2 to collect and store the rainwater, which facilitates rainwater recycling, reduces runoff, and reduces the flood control load and non-point source pollution of the city 1.

The specific process is as follows: part of the rainwater enters the L-shaped intercepting culvert after the large-grained solid matter is removed by the grille 5, and overflow plates 4 are arranged at equal intervals at the bottom of the L-shaped intercepting culvert, and the L-shaped intercepting culvert water storage area 12 is divided into An independent "water pool" is used to collect rainwater from the mountain 2 along the section, while the other part enters the ecological forest 3 to store and stagnate, reducing the runoff and delaying the peak time; during heavy rain, when the storage area 12 is full, the rainwater passes The overflow area 13 overflows with rainwater. At this time, the ecological forest 3 absorbs, stores and infiltrates the rainwater; after the rainwater is collected, the collected rainwater needs to be released and reused, and the collected rainwater is discharged through the drainage hole 6 to facilitate rainwater reuse. . Wherein, the number and size of drainage holes 6 are determined by hydraulic calculation, and overflow plates 4 are arranged at intervals of 100m to 200m.

Example 3:

On the basis of Embodiment 2, this embodiment provides a rainwater interception culvert integrating collection, storage and drainage, and the volume of the water storage area 12 is larger than that of the overflow area 13 . Make the water storage capacity greater than the overflow water volume, reduce runoff and recycle more rainwater.

Wherein, the L-shaped intercepting culvert is surrounded by concrete lining 11, the bottom is a precast concrete slab, the overflow plate 4 is a precast concrete slab, the bottom is connected with the precast concrete slab at the bottom of the L-shaped intercepting culvert, and the top is semicircular. The length of the overflow plate 4 is the same as the length of the horizontal section of the L-shaped intercepting culvert, and the height is the same as that of the water storage area 12 .

The L-shaped intercepting culvert shall be determined in combination with the project scale and regional land use conditions. The thickness of the precast concrete slab is generally about 30cm, which shall be determined according to relevant structural calculations.

As shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the aboveground part of the ecological forest 3 is an animal and plant layer 8, and the underground part is composed of an upper soil layer 9 and a lower gravel layer 10, and the ecological forest 3 is formed from top to bottom. The animal and plant layer 8, the soil layer 9 and the gravel layer 10 are formed. The elevation of the bottom of the animal and plant layer 8 is the same as that of the grid 5, and the gravel layer 10 is arranged above the water storage area 12. The animals and plants in the animal and plant layer 8 are selected according to local characteristics. The soil layer 9 provides a place for animals and plants to grow, and absorbs and stores rainwater. Its thickness is generally 40-60cm. If tree planting is required, the thickness should be increased to 80cm. The gravel layer 10 is mainly used for drainage and infiltration, and is composed of coarse sand and gravel, and its thickness is controlled at 15-25cm.

The stormwater intercepting culvert of the present invention is an underground hidden culvert structure, which saves floor area, not only can effectively utilize the space elevation, but also saves ground space, and has little impact on the surrounding environment. And multi-functional integration:

(1) Alleviate the shortage of water resources; (2) Reduce the flood control load of downstream cities; (3) Reduce non-point source pollution; (4) Have landscape value.

Example 4:

On the basis of the integrated rainwater interception and retention culvert provided in Embodiment 3, this embodiment provides a method for resource utilization of rainwater, including the following steps:

Step 1) Place the rainwater interception culvert at the foot of the mountain, between the mountain body 2 and the city 1, and the interception culvert 7 is placed under the ground, and the two sides are respectively connected to the foot of the mountain and the ecological forest 3;

Step 2) When the rainwater runoff is small, part of the rainwater enters the intercepting culvert 7 and is stored in the intercepting culvert 7;

When the rainwater runoff is large, the intercepting culvert 7 is full, and the rainwater overflows through the upper part of the intercepting culvert 7, and the overflowing rainwater is absorbed by the ecological forest 3, stores the stagnant rainwater and seeps out, and the accumulated rainwater is discharged through the drainage hole 6 Collect and reuse.

The arrangement of the stormwater interception and retention culvert surrounding the mountain 2 with the integration of collection, storage and drainage as described in step 1).

The present invention is arranged around the mountain body 2, runs through the entire mountain body 2 watershed, and has a wide range of services. Compared with the "point" arrangement, it has obvious advantages in addressing the problem of resource utilization of rainwater in large areas.

In summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

The rainwater intercepting culvert of the present invention is an underground hidden culvert structure, which saves floor area, not only can effectively utilize the space elevation, but also saves ground space, and has little impact on the surrounding environment. And multi-functional integration:

(1) Alleviate the shortage of water resources: Rainwater interception culverts are installed at the foot of the mountain to collect and store rainwater from the mountain 2 and effectively reuse it to avoid waste of rainwater and improve the utilization rate of rainwater.

(2) Reduce the flood control load of the downstream city 1: The rainwater interception culvert collects part of the mountain 2 rainwater through its interception and stagnation, thereby reducing the peak flow of the flood, delaying the peak time, reducing the runoff of the city 1, and slowing down the load of the rainwater pipe network.

(3) Reduce non-point source pollution: Rainwater runoff is an important part of urban non-point source pollution. The ecological L-shaped interception implicitly reduces urban non-point source pollution by reducing rainwater runoff.

(4) It has landscape value: the L-shaped interception culvert is combined with the ecological forest 3, which integrates the ecological function and the use function, and increases the beauty and entertainment of the system.

The methods and structures not described in detail in the above embodiments belong to the common knowledge in this industry, and will not be described here one by one.

The above examples are only illustrations of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation to the protection scope of the present invention. All designs that are the same as or similar to the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. An integrated rainwater interception culvert for collection, storage and drainage, characterized in that: it includes an interception culvert (7) and an ecological forest (3), and the said interception culvert (7) is arranged under the ground, and said The ecological forest (3) is composed of an aboveground part and an underground part, the intercepting culvert (7) is connected with the underground part of the ecological forest (3), and multiple drainage holes (6) are provided on the intercepting culvert (7) . 2. The rainwater interception culvert integrated with collection, storage and drainage according to claim 1, characterized in that the interception culvert (7) includes the lower water storage area (12) and the upper overflow District (13). 3. An integrated rainwater interception culvert for collection, storage and drainage according to claim 2, characterized in that: said interception culvert (7) is an L-shaped interception culvert, and the L-shaped interception culvert The vertical section is the overflow area (13), the horizontal section is the water storage area (12), and above the horizontal section is the ecological forest (3); The top of the overflow area (13) is provided with a grille (5), and the overflow plate (4) is arranged at intervals in the water storage area (12), and the overflow plate (4) and the L-shaped intercepting culvert The horizontal sections are parallel to each other, and the drain holes (6) are arranged at the bottom of the overflow plate (4), and each overflow plate (4) has a drain hole (6) at the bottom. 4. The integrated rainwater collection, storage and drainage culvert according to claim 3, characterized in that the volume of the water storage area (12) is larger than that of the overflow area (13). 5. An integrated rainwater interception culvert for collection, storage and drainage according to claim 3, characterized in that: the overflow plate (4) and the bottom of the L-shaped interception culvert are both prefabricated concrete slabs, and the overflow The bottom of the flow plate (4) is connected with the prefabricated concrete slab at the bottom of the L-shaped intercepting culvert. The length of the overflow plate (4) is the same as that of the horizontal section of the L-shaped intercepting culvert, and the height is the same as that of the water storage area (12). 6. An integrated stormwater interception culvert for collection, storage and drainage according to any one of claims 3-5, characterized in that: the aboveground part of the ecological forest (3) is an animal and plant layer (8), The underground part is composed of the upper soil layer (9) and the lower gravel layer (10), the bottom elevation of the animal and plant layer (8) is the same as the grid (5) elevation, and the gravel layer (10) is set in the water storage area (12) ABOVE. 7. An integrated rainwater interception culvert for collection, storage and drainage according to claim 6, characterized in that: the thickness of the soil layer (9) is 40-80 cm, and the thickness of the gravel layer (10) is 15-25 cm. 8. A method for resource utilization of rainwater, comprising the following steps: Step 1) Place the stormwater interception culvert integrated with collection, storage and drainage at the foot of the mountain, between the mountain (2) and the city (1), and the interception culvert (7) is set under the ground, and the two sides are respectively connected with The foot of the mountain is connected with the ecological forest (3); Step 2) When the rainwater runoff is small, part of the rainwater enters the interception culvert (7) and collects and accumulates in the interception implicit culvert (7); When the rainwater runoff is large, the intercepting culvert (7) is full, and the rainwater overflows through the upper part of the intercepting culvert (7). The rainwater is discharged through the drainage hole (6) and collected for reuse. 9. A rainwater resource utilization method according to claim 8, characterized in that: in step 1), the integrated rainwater collection, storage and drainage are arranged around the mountain (2) with rainwater interception and retention.