CN106045210A - Advanced treatment process and system for micro-polluted source water - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a process and system for advanced treatment of slightly polluted source water. The process comprises the following steps: step 1, the raw water that has been slightly polluted is oxidized and pretreated by ozone to obtain oxidized raw water; step 2, the oxidized raw water is initially filtered , to remove suspended solids by physical adsorption to obtain raw water for primary filtration; step 3, to obtain raw water for drinking after physical adsorption of sand layer and biodegradation of microbial film in turn; step 4, for raw drinking water to be filtered through activated carbon and sterilized by ultraviolet rays Finally, the advanced treatment of micro-polluted source water is completed and delivered to users. The system includes a raw water supply device, an ozone pretreatment device, a coarse filtration treatment device, a microbial degradation device, an active carbon filter device and a water collection disinfection device connected in sequence. The invention integrates ozone oxidation, physical adsorption, microbial degradation and active carbon physical and chemical adsorption into one. The overall process method is reasonable, the operation is simple, the structure design is ingenious, safe and efficient.

Description

A process and system for advanced treatment of micro-polluted source water

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of water purification, in particular to an advanced treatment process and system for slightly polluted source water.

Background technique

Slightly polluted source water refers to drinking water sources that are polluted, and some physical, chemical and microbial indicators exceed the water quality requirements for drinking water sources in the "Surface Water Environmental Quality Standards". This type of water contains many types of pollutants and complex properties, but the concentration is low, and it can still be used as source water after being treated by special processes.

According to the 2014 China Water Resources Bulletin, in the river water quality, Class I water accounted for 5.9% of the evaluated river length, Class II water accounted for 43.5%, Class III water accounted for 23.4%, Class IV water accounted for 10.8%, and Class V water accounted for 4.7%. 11.7% of the water is inferior to Grade V, and the overall water quality is moderate; among the water quality of lakes, Grade I-III water accounts for 32.2% of the total number of evaluated lakes, water grade IV-V accounts for 47.1%, and water inferior to Grade V accounts for 20.7%. It is in a eutrophic state; in the water quality of the reservoirs, the reservoirs with grades I to III accounted for 80.8% of the total number of evaluated reservoirs, water with grades IV to V accounted for 14.7%, and water inferior to grade V accounted for 4.5%. 62.7% of the lakes are in eutrophic state, accounting for 37.3% of the total evaluated lakes. The phenomenon of water pollution is gradually intensifying, and the water quality is gradually deteriorating.

Existing water treatment methods have a low removal rate for natural organic matter (humus, microbial secretions, dissolved animal tissue and animal waste, etc.) poor adaptability to changes. In addition, in recent years, emerging pollutants such as disinfection by-products and endocrine disruptors have been found in water bodies. These pollutants are highly stable, difficult to degrade, and easy to accumulate in the ecosystem. Conventional water treatment technologies have already Far from meeting people's needs for drinking water safety.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art such as increased water source pollution, excessive water quality, and inconvenient maintenance and management, the present invention provides an advanced treatment process and system for slightly polluted source water to solve the above problems and improve the safety of drinking water.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A process for advanced treatment of slightly polluted source water, comprising the following steps,

Step 1, the slightly polluted raw water is oxidized and pretreated by ozone to obtain oxidized raw water;

Step 2, performing primary filtration on the oxidized raw water, and removing suspended solids by physical adsorption to obtain primary filtered raw water;

Step 3, the primary filtered raw water is obtained through the physical adsorption of the sand layer and the biodegradation of the microbial film in sequence to obtain the drinking raw water;

Step 4: Filter the raw drinking water through activated carbon and sterilize it with ultraviolet rays to complete the advanced treatment of the slightly polluted source water and deliver it to the user.

Preferably, in step 2, two layers of quartz sand are used for initial filtration, so that the turbidity of the effluent is reduced to below 10 degrees; the particle sizes of the two layers of quartz sand are arranged from large to small according to the direction of water flow, and the particle sizes are 10-20mm and 5-10mm, and the thickness of the sand layer is at least 30cm and 40cm respectively.

Preferably, the sand layer in step 3 is a quartz sand layer with a particle size of 0.3-0.5 mm and a thickness of at least 1 m; after the water treatment is stabilized, a biologically active biofilm is formed on the surface of the quartz sand layer for biodegradation.

An advanced treatment system for slightly polluted source water, comprising a raw water supply device, an ozone pretreatment device, a coarse filtration treatment device, a microbial degradation device, an activated carbon filter device and a water collection disinfection device connected in sequence;

The raw water supply device includes a raw water tank for storing raw water and a water inlet pump connected to the outlet of the raw water tank;

The ozone pretreatment device includes an ozone contact tank for oxidizing raw water; the upper part of the ozone contact tank is connected to a water inlet pump, and the bottom is provided with an ozone inlet port and an oxidized raw water outlet pipe;

The described coarse filtration treatment device comprises a coarse filter tank, and a coarse filter tank supporting layer and a coarse filter tank quartz sand arranged successively in the coarse filter tank according to the direction of water flow; the bottom of the coarse filter tank is connected to the raw water outlet pipe after oxidation, and Set the primary filter raw water outlet pipe;

The microbial degradation device includes a slow biofilter for physical adsorption and biodegradation, and slow biofilter quartz sand and slow biofilter bearings arranged in sequence in the slow biofilter according to the direction of water flow. Supporting layer; the top of the slow biological filter is provided with a water distribution pipe connected to the primary filtration raw water outlet pipe, and a water distribution plate in the shape of an open disc is arranged at intervals under the water distribution pipe, and the water distribution plate is arranged at intervals with the quartz sand layer of the slow biological filter ; The supporting layer of the slow biological filter is provided with a slow biological filter water distribution system for water discharge;

The activated carbon filter device includes an activated carbon filter, and activated carbon and activated carbon filter supporting layers arranged in the activated carbon pool in turn; the upper part of the activated carbon filter is provided with a water inlet connected to the slow biological filter water distribution system, and the activated carbon filter The supporting layer is equipped with an activated carbon filter water distribution system for water outlet;

The water collection and disinfection device includes a sump connected to the water distribution system of the activated carbon filter through a water inlet pipe, and an ultraviolet disinfection device arranged on the water inlet pipe of the sump.

Preferably, the supporting layer of the coarse filter adopts pebbles with a particle size of 20-40mm and a thickness of at least 20cm; the quartz sand of the coarse filter is arranged in two layers from large to small according to the particle size of the water flow direction, and the particle sizes of the two layers are respectively 10 ～20mm and 5～10mm, the thickness of the two layers should be at least 30cm and 40cm respectively;

The quartz sand of the slow biological filter adopts quartz sand with a particle size of 0.3-0.5mm and a thickness of at least 1m; the supporting layer of the slow biological filter adopts pebbles of 20-40mm and a thickness of at least 20cm; The upper part of the support layer is covered with at least 2cm of non-woven fabric.

Preferably, the supporting layer of the activated carbon filter adopts pebbles of 20-40 mm in thickness and at least 20 cm in thickness.

Preferably, an ozone destroyer is provided on the top of the ozone contact pool; a ceramic diffuser is provided at the output end of the ozone inlet interface, the input end is connected to an ozone generator, and the input end of the ozone generator is connected to an oxygen cylinder.

Further, it also includes a backwashing device; the backwashing device includes a backwashing water pump and a blower arranged in parallel, and a waste water pool for collecting backwashing waste water; the output end of the backwashing water pump is connected to the sump; the backwashing water pump and the blower The output end of the slow biological filter is connected to the outlet of the water distribution system of the slow biological filter and the water distribution system of the activated carbon filter through the same pipeline; the upper part of the slow biological filter is connected to the waste water pool through the overflow pipe, and the activated carbon filter is connected to the waste water through the inlet pipe pool, the bottom of the coarse filter pool is connected to the waste water pool through the backwash pipeline.

Still further, it also includes a control device; the control device includes an automatic control box for controlling the operation, suspension, backwashing and stop of the entire processing system, an alarm bell for sending a signal prompt, and an automatic control box through a signal line. Interactive monitoring components;

The monitoring components include a water inlet pump signal valve and a flowmeter arranged on the outlet pipeline of the water inlet pump, a gas flowmeter arranged on the ozone output pipeline of the ozone generator, a solenoid valve arranged on the oxygen cylinder output pipeline, and a The ozone contact tank water outlet signal valve on the raw water outlet pipe after oxidation, the slow biological filter water outlet signal valve installed on the water outlet pipeline of the slow biological filter water distribution system, the activated carbon filter water outlet valve installed on the water outlet pipeline of the activated carbon filter water distribution system The pool water outlet signal valve, the sump water inlet signal valve and the turbidity automatic controller set on the upstream of the sump inlet pipeline, the water outlet valve set on the sump outlet pipeline, and the liquid level controller set in the sump are used for The ultraviolet disinfection device controller that controls the opening and closing of the ultraviolet disinfection device, the blower signal valve used to control the opening and closing of the blower, the activated carbon filter backwash signal valve set on the activated carbon filter backwash circuit, set at a slow speed The slow biological filter backwash signal valve on the biological filter backwash circuit, and the coarse filter drain signal valve arranged on the coarse filter backwash pipeline.

Furthermore, the water distribution system of the slow biological filter and the water distribution system of the activated carbon filter are also used for backwash water distribution; A number of parallel branch pipes are set; holes are opened under the horizontal main pipe and the branch pipes.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

The process of the invention integrates ozone oxidation, physical adsorption, microbial degradation and active carbon physical and chemical adsorption into one. Ozone oxidation pretreatment enhances the adaptability to water quality changes, improves the removal rate of organic pollutants, and expands the application range of the treatment process; the upstream coarse filtration makes the treatment process suitable for high turbidity raw water; the activated carbon filter improves the efficiency of the effluent It is safe and reliable, and can also be used as an emergency measure for water quality changes; ultraviolet disinfection is used, no disinfection by-products are produced, the sterilization range is wide, and the treatment time is short; the overall process method is reasonable, easy to operate, and ingenious in design, suitable for micro-polluted water , rainwater, cellar water and other small-scale water supply facilities with source water.

The system of the present invention uses an ozone contact tank to oxidize refractory organic matter in raw water into easily degradable organic matter through ozone, which increases the removal rate of organic matter; the upstream coarse filter tank performs primary filtration on raw water to remove suspended matter and reduce Turbidity, reduce the organic load of the slow biofilter; the slow biofilter is the main treatment unit, the raw water is subjected to the physical adsorption of the sand layer and the biodegradation of the microbial film after the pretreatment of ozone oxidation and physical adsorption , basically meet the drinking water standard; the activated carbon filter is used as the last water treatment unit to treat the raw water again, which increases the safety and reliability of the effluent, and the ultraviolet disinfection treatment prevents secondary pollution. Finally, the micro-polluted source water is fully treated to meet the drinking water standard;

Further, the air-water backwashing of the microbial degradation device and the activated carbon filter device is completed through the backwashing device, which can not only save water, but also ensure the treatment effect of the system on raw water.

Furthermore, through the set control device, the centralized control of the automatic control box and the opening and closing of the corresponding devices by each control component are used to complete the automatic control, so that the operation of the system device is simple and the management is convenient.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a block diagram of the process flow described in the examples of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the process described in the example of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a diagram of the operating conditions of the process filtration described in the examples of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a block diagram of the process filtration process described in the example of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a diagram of the backwash operation of the process described in the example of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a block diagram of the process backwashing process described in the example of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the water distribution system described in the example of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water distribution tray in the example of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water distribution pipe in the example of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Raw water pool; 2. Water inlet pump; 3. Signal valve of water inlet pump; 4. Flow meter; 5. Ozone destroyer; 6. Ozone contact pool; 7. Ceramic diffuser; 8. Gas flow meter; 9. Ozone generator; 10. Waste water tank; 11. Alarm bell; 12. Self-control box; 13. Signal line; 14. Oxygen cylinder; 15. Solenoid valve; 16. Ozone contact pool outlet signal valve; 17. Coarse filter tank Drainage signal valve; 18. Coarse filter supporting layer; 19. Coarse filter quartz sand; 20. Coarse filter; 21. Water distribution tray; 22. Water distribution pipe; 23. Slow biological filter; 24. Slow Quartz sand of biological filter; 25. Slow biological filter outlet water signal valve; 26. Slow biological filter water distribution system; 27. Wastewater tank water inlet signal valve; 28. Slow biological filter supporting layer; 29. Slow 30. Activated carbon filter water distribution system; 31. Supporting layer of activated carbon filter; 32. Activated carbon; 33. Water inlet signal valve of sump pool; 34. Activated carbon filter; 35. Activated carbon filter Water outlet signal valve; 36. Backwash water pump; 37. Backwash water pump signal valve; 38. Blower signal valve; 39. Turbidity automatic controller; 40. Ultraviolet disinfection device; 41. Ultraviolet disinfection device controller; 42. Liquid level control Instrument; 43, blower; 44, sump; 45, outlet valve.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, which are explanations of the present invention rather than limitations.

The present invention is a micro-polluted source water advanced treatment process, as shown in Figure 1, the micro-polluted raw water is first passed into the ozone contact tank through the water inlet pump, and the refractory organic matter in the raw water is oxidized into easily degradable organic matter by ozone, and the obtained Oxidized raw water; then the primary filtration of the oxidized raw water is carried out through the upflow coarse filter to remove suspended solids and reduce turbidity to obtain the primary filtered raw water; and then pass the slow biological filter to the physical adsorption of the primary filtered raw water through the sand layer and The drinking raw water is obtained after the biodegradation of the microbial film; the fourth is to treat the drinking raw water through the activated carbon filter tank and complete the advanced treatment of the micro-polluted source water after ultraviolet disinfection, meet the drinking water standard requirements, and deliver it to the user. Among them, the primary filtration of the upflow coarse filter can effectively reduce the organic load of the slow biological filter. Wherein, the source water mentioned in the present invention refers to the source water of the drinking water source, which is a technical term for the use of water; the raw water is the water relative to the effluent, and the untreated water is for the whole water treatment. Technical terms for processes and methods.

An advanced treatment system for slightly polluted source water according to the present invention is shown in Figure 2, and its components and functions are as follows.

The first part: Raw water supply device.

Raw water pool 1: used to store raw water;

Inlet pump 2: The flow rate is 200-300L/min, and the head is 500KPa. It absorbs water from the raw water pool 1 and enters the subsequent treatment system.

The second part: ozone pretreatment device.

Ozone contact tank 6: The raw water input by the water inlet pump 2 is fully contacted with ozone in the ozone contact tank 6. Ozone can remove some easily degradable organic matter, reduce the amount of organic matter, and improve the biodegradability of organic matter by changing the molecular structure of the organic matter. Degrade long-chain organic matter into short-chain organic matter, oxidize refractory organic matter into easy-degradable organic matter, reduce organic molecular weight, increase the concentration of soluble organic matter, thereby improving the biodegradability of organic matter, and ozone can also oxidize some inorganic pollutants, such as manganese Ions, iron ions, etc. Ozone oxidation can obviously decolorize and deodorize raw water, improve the sensory indicators of water, and improve the safety of drinking water;

Ozone destroyer 5: used to collect the ozone not utilized by the ozone contact pool 6, destroy and release it;

Ozone generator 9: used to generate ozone, and improve the ozone content for the ozone contact pool 6;

Ceramic diffuser 7: diffuse the ozone generated by the ozone generator 9, fully mix the ozone and water, increase the contact area, and improve the removal effect of pollutants;

Oxygen bottle 14: provides oxygen for ozone generator 9.

The third part: coarse filtration treatment device.

Coarse filter tank 20: The filtration rate is 1.3m/h, and the coarse filter material is used to remove suspended matter and colloidal substances in the water by filtering, reducing the turbidity of the water, so that the turbidity of the effluent will be reduced to below 10 degrees, which can meet the follow-up biological slow filtration The influent water quality requirements of the pool, while the coarse filter tank adopts a lower filtration rate to prolong the filtration cycle and reduce the amount of flushing water;

Coarse filter support layer 18: use pebbles with a particle size of 20-40mm and a thickness of 20cm to support the filter material, prevent the quartz sand 19 from the coarse filter from entering the coarse filter inlet pipe and cause blockage, and at the same time play a role in uniform water distribution ;

Coarse filter quartz sand 19: divided into two layers, according to the direction of water flow, the particle size is from large to small, respectively 10-20mm, 5-10mm, and the thickness of the sand layer is 30cm, 40cm.

Part IV: Microbial Degradation Device.

Slow biological filter 23: It is a key process to ensure the water quality of the water supply. The filtration rate is 0.3m/h. It relies on physical, chemical and microbial degradation to remove pollutants. In the initial stage of operation, no biofilm is formed, and the main method is deep filtration. , supplemented by mechanical filtration, sedimentation and biological oxidation, as time goes on, a layer of biologically active biofilm will be formed on the surface of the quartz sand layer. In a good living environment, organic matter is decomposed, absorbed and removed by microorganisms, bacteria are preyed on and retained, microorganisms secrete coagulation enzymes, absorb colloidal substances in water, reduce the amount of pollutants, and purify water bodies;

Water distribution pipe 22: as shown in Figure 9, a perforated round pipe with an aperture of 1 cm is used to distribute the incoming water for the first time;

Water distribution tray 21: as shown in Figure 8, a perforated disc with a hole diameter of 0.5 cm is used to evenly distribute the influent twice to reduce the interference of water flow on the biofilm;

Slow biological filter quartz sand 24: use quartz sand with a particle size of 0.3-0.5mm and a thickness of 1m;

Supporting layer 28 of the slow biological filter: use 20-40mm pebbles with a thickness of 20cm, and cover the upper part of the supporting layer with 2cm non-woven fabric to support the filter material and prevent the slow biological filter quartz sand 24 from Loss in the slow biofilter water distribution system 26, and at the same time play the role of uniform water distribution;

Slow biological filter water distribution system 26: set in the slow biological filter supporting layer 28, used for water discharge and backwash water distribution, as shown in Figure 7, adopts a large resistance water distribution system, with a horizontal main pipe in the middle , A number of branch pipes parallel to each other are connected on both sides of the pipe, and a hole is opened under the branch pipe with a diameter of 3mm.

Part V: Activated carbon filter device.

Activated carbon filter 34: The specific surface area of activated carbon is as high as 1200-1300m2/g, which can effectively remove the odor produced by compounds such as petroleum and chlorophenols, iron, manganese and some organic substances in water through physical adsorption, chemical adsorption, and conversion adsorption. The chromaticity formed, disinfection by-products and their precursors, endocrine disruptors, three pollutants, natural and synthetic dissolved organic matter, micro-pollutants, etc. Activated carbon has good adsorption to pesticides and chemical products. When the water quality suddenly deteriorates , Activated carbon filter can be used as an effective emergency measure to improve the safety of drinking water.

Activated carbon 32: Choose the cheapest columnar activated carbon produced in large quantities in my country, with a thickness of 1m;

Activated carbon filter support layer 31: use pebbles of 20-40mm and 20cm in thickness to support the activated carbon 32, prevent the loss of activated carbon from the activated carbon filter water distribution system 30, and play the role of uniform water distribution;

Activated carbon filter water distribution system 30: set in the activated carbon filter supporting layer 31, used for water discharge and backwash water distribution, as shown in Figure 7, same as the slow biological filter water distribution system 26, adopts the middle of the large resistance water distribution system It is a horizontal main pipe, and a number of parallel branch pipes are connected to the pipe twice, and a hole is opened under the branch pipe with a diameter of 3mm.

Part VI: Water collection disinfection device.

Pool 44: used to collect and store treated water, and provide water for backwashing;

Ultraviolet disinfection device 40: the dose is 50-100mJ/cm ² , using ultraviolet light with a wavelength in the range of 240-280nm, which does not increase the odor and taste of water, does not produce disinfection by-products, and has a wide range of sterilization and short treatment time. Simple, easy to install, small head loss, less land occupation, convenient and safe operation, no noise, low operation and maintenance costs, easy to realize automatic management;

Part VII: Backwashing device.

Backwash water pump 36: the flow rate is 150L/min, the head is 300KPa, connected to the sump 44, used to provide the water volume and pressure required for the activated carbon filter 34 and the slow biological filter 23 to backwash;

Blower 43: the air supply volume is 150L/min, and the air pressure is 150KPa, which is used to provide the air volume and pressure required for backwashing of the activated carbon filter 34 and the slow biological filter 23;

Wastewater pool 10: used to collect backwash waste water.

Part VIII: Controls.

Automatic control box 12: used to control the operation, pause, backwash and pump stop of the entire treatment system, and set up three operation keys of start, backwash and stop to make the operation easier and the management more convenient;

Signal line 13: used to connect various signal valves, water pumps, blowers 43 and automatic control box 12;

Alarm bell 11: used to send out a signal to prompt the user to carry out backwashing or equipment maintenance;

Water inlet pump signal valve 3: used to control the opening and closing of water inlet pump 2;

Flow meter 4: used to control the outlet water flow and flow rate of the water inlet pump 2.

Gas flow meter 8: used to control the gas supply of the ozone generator 9 to be 7mg/L;

Solenoid valve 15: control the opening and closing of the oxygen cylinder 14, and control the oxygen supply rate to 4g/h;

Ozone contact tank water outlet signal valve 16: used to control the opening and closing of the ozone contact tank 6 water outlet;

Slow biological filter outlet water signal valve 25: used to control the opening and closing of the slow biological filter 23 outlet water;

Activated carbon filter outlet water signal valve 35: used to control the opening and closing of the activated carbon filter 34 outlet water;

Water inlet signal valve 33 of the sump: used to control the opening and closing of the water inlet of the sump 44;

Turbidity automatic control instrument 39: used to detect the turbidity of the effluent from the treatment equipment. When the turbidity is higher than the standard limit of 1NTU, a signal is sent to the automatic control box 12 to prompt backwashing or maintenance;

Water outlet valve 45: control the water outlet of sump 44;

Liquid level controller 42: used to control the highest water level of the sump 44, when the water level reaches the highest water level, the liquid level controller sends a signal to the automatic control box 12, and closes the water inlet pump 2 and the ozone generator 9;

Ultraviolet disinfection device controller 41: used to control the opening and closing of the ultraviolet disinfection device 40;

Backwash water pump signal valve 37: used to control the opening and closing of the backwash water pump;

Blower signal valve 38: used to control the opening and closing of the blower 43;

Activated carbon filter backwash signal valve 29: used to control the opening and closing of the activated carbon filter 34 backwash;

Slow biological filter backwash signal valve 27: used to control the opening and closing of the slow biological filter 23 backwash;

Drainage signal valve 17 of the coarse filter tank: used to control the opening and closing of the backwash of the coarse filter tank 20 .

The process during the specific work of the present invention is as follows.

Install the equipment according to Figure 2, open the start button 12 of the automatic control box, and the system will automatically close the coarse filter drain signal valve 17, the waste water tank signal valve 27, the slow biological filter backwash signal valve 29, and the backwash water pump signal valve 37 , Blower signal valve 38, open water inlet pump signal valve 3, solenoid valve 15, ozone generator 9, ozone contact pool water outlet signal valve 16, slow biological filter water outlet signal valve 25, activated carbon filter water outlet signal valve 35, sump Water inlet signal valve 33.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the raw water is transported to the ozone contact tank 6 through the inlet water pump 2, and fully contacts and reacts with the ozone emitted by the ceramic diffuser 7, and the effluent enters the coarse filter tank 20 from the bottom of the ozone contact tank 6, and intercepts suspended solids and colloid, the outlet water flows through the water distribution pipe 22 and the water distribution tray 21 and evenly enters the slow biofilter 24, removes pollutants through physical, chemical and microbial action, and the outlet water passes through the slow biofilter water distribution system 26 of the slow biofilter 24 Gravity enters the activated carbon filter 34 to remove residual trace pollutants, and the effluent flows into the sump 44 through the activated carbon filter water distribution system 30 at the bottom.

When the water level in the sump 44 reached the maximum water level, the liquid level controller 42 would send a signal to the automatic control box 12 to stop the water inlet pump 12 and the ozone generator 9 to prevent water from overflowing. When the water level was below the maximum water level, Restart water inlet pump 12 and ozone generator 9, carry out water supply.

When the turbidity of the water in the sump exceeds the national drinking water standard of 1NTU, the turbidity automatic controller 39 will send a signal to the automatic control box 12, stop the water inlet pump 2 and the ozone generator 9, close the water inlet pump signal valve 3, and the ozone contact tank water outlet signal The valve 16, the slow biological filter outlet water signal valve 25, the sump water inlet signal valve 33, and the alarm bell 11 sends out an alarm to prompt the user to backwash or check the equipment.

As shown in Figures 5 and 6, open the backwash key, the alarm bell 11 stops sending the alarm, and the automatic control box 12 sends a signal to open the backwash water pump 36 and the blower 43, open the backwash water pump signal valve 37, the blower signal valve 38, and the waste water tank inlet The water signal valve 27, the backwash water pump 36 draw water from the sump 44, the air blower 43 draws air from the air, and the air and water enter the activated carbon filter 34 through the activated carbon filter water distribution system 30 at the bottom of the activated carbon filter 34 for backwashing, and the effluent passes through the activated carbon The water inlet pipe of the filter tank 34 enters the waste water tank 10 through the waste water tank water inlet signal valve 27;

When the activated carbon filter 4 backwashing ends, close the activated carbon filter water outlet signal valve 35, open the slow biological filter backwash signal valve 29, the slow biological filter water outlet signal valve 25, and the air and water pass through the slow biological filter 23 The slow biological filter water distribution system 26 at the bottom enters the slow biological filter 23 for backwashing, and the effluent enters the waste water pool 10 through the overflow pipe of the slow biological filter 23;

When the slow biological filter 23 backwashing ends, stop the backwashing water pump 36 and the blower 43, close the waste water tank inlet valve 27, open the rough filter tank drainage signal valve 17, rely on the gravity effect of the rough filter tank 20 upper layer water, automatically Up and down, the coarse filter tank 20 is flushed, and the effluent flows into the waste water tank 10;

When the rough filter tank 20 was flushed, the ozone contact tank outlet signal valve 16 was opened, and the water in the ozone contact tank 6 was emptied, and the outlet water flowed into the waste water tank 10;

Among them, the filtration period of the activated carbon filter is about 90 days, the filtration period of the slow biological filter is about 40 days, and the filtration period of the coarse filter is about 10 days.

To sum up the above, the embodiment of the present invention adopts ozonation pretreatment technology to improve the removal rate of organic pollutants, adopts slow biological filter technology to remove pollutants in water through the synergy of physics, chemistry and microorganisms, and adopts activated carbon filter Advanced treatment is carried out to avoid the phenomenon of water quality exceeding the standard after purification. In addition, ultraviolet disinfection treatment is added to prevent the occurrence of secondary pollution. The automatic control system is adopted, which is easy to operate and easy to manage. It is effective against bacteria, viruses, organic pollutants and other pollutants. Great removal.

The above descriptions are preferred implementations of the embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, some improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and Retouching should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A micro-polluted source water advanced treatment process, is characterized in that, comprises the steps, Step 1, the slightly polluted raw water is oxidized and pretreated by ozone to obtain oxidized raw water; Step 2, performing primary filtration on the oxidized raw water, and removing suspended solids by physical adsorption to obtain primary filtered raw water; Step 3, the primary filtered raw water is obtained through the physical adsorption of the sand layer and the biodegradation of the microbial film in sequence to obtain the drinking raw water; Step 4: Filter the raw drinking water through activated carbon and sterilize it with ultraviolet rays to complete the advanced treatment of the slightly polluted source water and deliver it to the user. 2. A kind of micro-polluted source water advanced treatment process according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 2, adopts to be divided into two layers of quartz sands and carry out primary filtration, makes effluent turbidity nearly below 10 degrees; The particle size of the quartz sand layer is arranged from large to small, the particle size is 10-20mm and 5-10mm respectively, and the thickness of the sand layer is at least 30cm and 40cm respectively. 3. The advanced treatment process of a kind of slightly polluted source water according to claim 1, characterized in that, the sand layer in step 3 adopts a quartz sand layer with a particle diameter of 0.3 to 0.5 mm and a thickness of at least 1 m; A biologically active biofilm is formed on the surface of the quartz sand layer for biodegradation. 4. A micro-polluted source water advanced treatment system, characterized in that it comprises a raw water supply device connected in sequence, an ozone pretreatment device, a coarse filter treatment device, a microbial degradation device, an activated carbon filter device and a water collection disinfection device; The raw water supply device includes a raw water tank (1) for storing raw water and a water inlet pump (2) connected to the outlet of the raw water tank (1); The ozone pretreatment device includes an ozone contact tank (6) that oxidizes raw water; the top of the ozone contact tank (6) is connected to the water inlet pump (2), and the bottom is provided with an ozone inlet port and an oxidized raw water outlet pipe; Described coarse filter treatment device comprises coarse filter tank (20), and the coarse filter tank supporting layer (18) and the coarse filter tank quartz sand (19) that are arranged in the coarse filter tank (20) successively according to the water flow direction; The bottom of the filter tank (20) is connected with an oxidized raw water outlet pipe, and the upper part is provided with a primary filtered raw water outlet pipe; Described microbial degradation device comprises the slow biofilter (23) that is used to carry out physical adsorption and biodegradation, and the slow biofilter quartz sand ( 24) and the supporting layer (28) of the slow biofilter; the top of the slow biofilter (23) is provided with a water distribution pipe (22) connected to the outlet pipe of primary filtered raw water, and the intervals below the water distribution pipe (22) are set in a circle with holes The disc-shaped water distribution tray (21), the water distribution tray (21) and the slow biofilter quartz sand (24) layer are arranged at intervals; the slow biofilter support layer (28) is provided with a slow speed for water outlet. Biological filter water distribution system (26); Described gac filtering device comprises gac filter tank (34), and gac (32) and gac filter tank supporting layer (31) that are arranged in the gac tank (34) successively; Gc filter tank (34) upper setting and slow The water inlet end connected to the fast biofilter water distribution system (26), the activated carbon filter support layer (31) is provided with an activated carbon filter water distribution system (30) for effluent; The water collection and disinfection device includes a sump (44) connected to the activated carbon filter water distribution system (30) through a water inlet pipe, and an ultraviolet disinfection device (40) arranged on the water inlet pipe of the sump (44). 5. A kind of micro-polluted source water advanced treatment system according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the coarse filter supporting layer (18) adopts the cobblestone that adopts particle diameter 20～40mm, and thickness is at least 20cm; The sand (19) is arranged in two layers according to the particle size of the water flow direction from large to small, the particle sizes of the two layers are 10-20mm and 5-10mm respectively, and the thickness of the two layers is at least 30cm and 40cm respectively; The slow biological filter quartz sand (24) adopts quartz sand with a particle size of 0.3-0.5mm and a thickness of at least 1m; the slow biological filter supporting layer (28) adopts pebbles with a thickness of 20-40mm and a thickness of at least 20cm; The upper part of the slow biological filter support layer (28) is covered with at least 2cm of non-woven fabric. 6 . The advanced treatment system for slightly polluted source water according to claim 4 , characterized in that the supporting layer ( 31 ) of the activated carbon filter adopts pebbles with a thickness of at least 20 cm and 20 to 40 mm. 7. a kind of micro-pollution source water advanced treatment system according to claim 4, is characterized in that, ozone contact tank (6) top is provided with ozone destroyer (5); The output end of ozone feed interface is provided with ceramic diffuser ( 7), the input end is connected to the ozone generator (9), and the input end of the ozone generator (9) is connected to the oxygen cylinder (14). 8. A kind of slightly polluted source water advanced treatment system according to claim 7, is characterized in that, also comprises backwashing device; Described backwashing device comprises backwashing water pump (36) and blower (43) that are arranged in parallel, And be used for collecting the wastewater pool (10) of backwash waste water; The output end of backwash water pump (36) connects sump (44); The outlet of the fast biological filter water distribution system (26) and the activated carbon filter water distribution system (30) is connected; the upper part of the slow biological filter (23) is connected to the waste water pool (10) through the overflow pipe, and the activated carbon filter (34) It is connected to the waste water tank (10) through a water inlet pipe, and the bottom of the coarse filter tank (20) is connected to the waste water tank (10) through a backwash pipeline. 9. A kind of micro-pollution source water advanced treatment system according to claim 8, is characterized in that, also comprises control device; Described control device comprises the automatic control that is used to control the operation of whole treatment system, suspend, backwash and stop Box (12), an alarm bell (11) for sending a signal prompt, and a monitoring component interacting with the automatic control box (12) through a signal line (13); Described monitoring component comprises, is arranged on the water inlet pump signal valve (3) and the flowmeter (4) on the water inlet water pump outlet pipeline, is arranged on the gas flowmeter (8) on the ozone generator (9) ozone output pipeline, The solenoid valve (15) arranged on the output pipeline of the oxygen cylinder (14), the water outlet signal valve (16) of the ozone contact pool arranged on the outlet pipe of the raw water after oxidation, and the water outlet pipe of the slow biological filter water distribution system (26) The slow biological filter water outlet signal valve (25) on the road, the activated carbon filter water outlet signal valve (35) set on the water outlet pipeline of the activated carbon filter water distribution system, and the water sump inlet valve (35) set on the water inlet pipeline upstream of the sump tank (44) Water signal valve (33) and turbidity self-control instrument (39), the outlet valve (45) that is arranged on the outlet pipeline of sump (44), the liquid level controller (42) that is arranged in sump (44), uses The ultraviolet disinfection device controller (41) for controlling the opening and closing of the ultraviolet disinfection device (40), the blower signal valve (38) for controlling the opening and closing of the blower (43), is arranged on the activated carbon filter (34) The active carbon filter backwash signal valve (29) on the flushing circuit, the slow biofilter backwash signal valve (27) arranged on the slow biofilter backwash circuit, and the backwash signal valve (27) arranged on the coarse filter (20) Flush the strainer drain signal valve (17) on the line. 10. A kind of slightly polluted source water advanced treatment system according to claim 8, is characterized in that, slow biological filter water distribution system (26) and activated carbon filter water distribution system (30) are all also used for backwash water distribution; Both of them adopt a large resistance water distribution system, which includes a horizontal main pipe set in the middle, and several parallel branch pipes connected to each other on both sides of the horizontal main pipe; holes are opened under the horizontal main pipe and branch pipes.