CN106032661A - Anti-collision device and method for bridge pier with variable stiffness - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bridge safety protection, in particular to a pier collision prevention device with the variable rigidity and a method. The device comprises multiple closed units, wherein each closed unit is composed of an outer chamber, an inner chamber and an annular chamber located between the inner chamber and the outer chamber; the outer chambers are filled with magneto-rheological elastomers; each inner chamber comprises an inner conductive pressing plate, inner insulation paper, an outer conductive pressing plate, outer insulation paper, a piezoelectric material and a filling material; a layer of the inner insulation paper is arranged between each inner conductive pressing plate and the corresponding inner chamber wall, and a layer of the outer insulation paper is arranged between each outer conductive pressing plate and the corresponding inner chamber wall; the space between each conductive pressing plate and the corresponding outer conductive pressing plate is filled with the piezoelectric material and the filling material; coils are arranged in the annular chambers. According to the device and method, the magnetic field intensity is changed through power generation of the piezoelectric materials to change the rigidity of the magneto-rheological elastomers, then the rigidity of the pier collision prevention device changes, and therefore the device can intelligently deal with outside collision to well protect the pier safety.

Description

Anti-collision device and method for bridge pier with variable stiffness

【Technical field】

The invention relates to the technical field of bridge safety protection, in particular to a bridge pier anti-collision device and method with variable stiffness.

【Background technique】

Serious accidents caused by vehicles and ships hitting bridge piers occur every year, and the various losses caused are immeasurable, and the probability of vehicles and ships hitting bridges is not as low as imagined. Therefore, research on bridge pier protection devices is very necessary. This has also attracted the attention of more and more relevant personnel.

Aiming at the impact accidents of vehicles and ships on bridge piers, many years of research have been carried out on anti-collision devices at home and abroad. According to the different installation locations, it can be simply divided into direct construction and indirect construction. The direct construction anti-collision device mainly makes the force act on the pier after buffering, such as the fender method, the rope deformation method, the buffer material facility method or the floating anti-collision device. The indirect structure of the anti-collision device prevents the force from being transmitted to the bridge structure, avoiding the problem of collision. Such as pile foundation, artificial island building, artificial cofferdam, etc. The direct construction of the anti-collision device mainly weakens the impact force and reduces the degree of impact damage through its own flexibility and energy dissipation capacity, but if the anti-collision device is too flexible, when the vehicle and ship touch the anti-collision device, the The deformation mainly occurs in the parts that touch each other, and other parts cannot play the role of dispersing the impact force. However, if the stiffness of the anti-collision device is too large, it cannot play a good role in energy consumption and cannot provide a good anti-collision effect, and it is easy to cause damage to vehicles and ships during the collision process.

【Content of invention】

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a bridge pier anti-collision device and method with variable stiffness in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, which can intelligently adjust the stiffness of the anti-collision device when vehicles and ships collide with the bridge pier, so as to effectively avoid collisions Effect, while avoiding serious consequences, reduce damage to vehicles and ships.

The object of the present invention is to adopt following technical scheme to realize:

A bridge pier anti-collision device with variable stiffness, including a plurality of closed units 2, the closed units 2 are connected to each other, and are arranged around the bridge pier 1 for pier anti-collision, and the closed unit 2 is provided with a coil 9 and a piezoelectric material 4, The inner and outer conductive plates 7 and 8 are respectively arranged on the inner and outer sides of the piezoelectric material 4, and the two ends of the coil 9 are respectively connected with the inner conductive plate 7 and the outer conductive plate 8, and the closed unit 2 is also filled with magnetorheological The elastic body 5 and the magneto-rheological elastic body 5 are arranged at the impacted part on the closed unit 2 and within the excitation range of the coil 9 .

The filling material 6 is filled between the inner conductive plate 7 and the outer conductive plate 8 , the filling material 6 is arranged alternately with the piezoelectric material 4 , and both sides of the piezoelectric material 4 are filled with the filling material 6 .

The closed unit 2 includes an inner chamber 14 and an outer chamber 13 sequentially from inside to outside in the radial direction, and the inner conductive plate 7 and the outer conductive plate 8 are arranged in the inner chamber 14; the magnetorheological elastomer 5 It is filled in the outer chamber 13; an annular chamber 15 is also provided in the outer chamber 13, and the annular chamber 15 is arranged for a circle along the junction of the outer chamber 13 and the inner chamber 14, and the coil 9 is arranged in the annular chamber 15.

The material of the closed unit 2 is low carbon steel, the partition plate between the outer chamber 13 and the inner chamber 14 and the partition plate between the outer chamber 13 and the annular chamber 15 are made of low carbon steel, the outer wall of the closed unit An insulating layer 3 is provided on the surface.

Both the inner conductive plate 7 and the closed unit 2 and the outer conductive plate 8 and the closed unit 2 are insulated, and the inner conductive plate 7 and the closed unit 2 and the outer conductive plate 8 and the closed unit 2 are respectively provided There are inner insulating paper 10 and outer insulating paper 12 .

The inner conductive plate 7 and the outer conductive plate 8 are both copper plates, the piezoelectric material 4 is piezoelectric ceramic, piezoelectric polymer or composite piezoelectric material, and the coil 9 is a coil made of enamelled copper wire.

The filling material 6 is rubber, synthetic rubber or composite elastic material.

A bridge pier anti-collision method, when the closed unit 2 is hit, the piezoelectric material 4 is subjected to pressure and generates electricity, and the electricity generated by the piezoelectric material causes the coil 9 to generate a magnetic field, and the magnetic field excites the magnetorheological elastomer 5 to make the magnetic flow The stiffness of the variable elastic body changes, the stronger the magnetic field intensity is, the greater the stiffness of the magnetorheological elastomer 5 is, and the weaker the magnetic field intensity is, the smaller the stiffness of the magnetorheological elastomer 5 is.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

The anti-collision device of the present invention is provided with a piezoelectric material in the closed unit, and the piezoelectric material is connected to the inner conductive plate and the outer conductive plate respectively, and the inner conductive plate and the outer conductive plate are respectively connected to the two ends of the coil. When the closed unit is in contact with the impact part on the closed unit, the resulting impact pressure is transmitted to the piezoelectric material, and the piezoelectric material deforms to generate electricity. The electricity generated by the piezoelectric material is transmitted to the coil through the conductive plate, and the energized coil generates a magnetic field. The magnetic field excites the magnetorheological elastomer to change the stiffness of the magnetorheological elastomer. If the impact force becomes larger, the pressure on the piezoelectric material will also increase, and the generated voltage will increase accordingly, and the strength of the magnetic field generated by the coil will also increase, making the stiffness of the magnetorheological elastomer larger. Otherwise, the magnetic field will increase. The stiffness of the rheological elastomer becomes smaller. The change of the impact force makes the stiffness of the anti-collision device have automatic adjustment ability, makes the anti-collision device more intelligent, can absorb the collision energy well during the collision, can effectively protect the bridge piers, and can reduce the occurrence of collisions at the same time The damage to vehicles, ships and personnel is more humane.

The invention uses the piezoelectric material to generate electricity to change the strength of the magnetic field, thereby changing the stiffness of the magneto-rheological elastomer, changing the stiffness of the anti-collision device of the bridge pier, intelligently responding to external impacts, and well protecting the safety of the bridge pier.

【Description of drawings】

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of longitudinal section of the bridge pier anti-collision device with variable stiffness of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of A place in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the bridge pier anti-collision device with variable stiffness of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a single closed unit of the anti-collision device for bridge piers with variable stiffness according to the present invention, wherein Fig. 4(a) is a side view, and Fig. 4(b) is a top view.

Among them: 1-bridge pier, 2-closed unit, 3-insulation layer, 4-piezoelectric material, 5-magnetorheological elastomer, 6-filling material, 7-inner conductive voltage plate, 8-outer conductive voltage plate, 9-coil , 10-inner insulating paper, 11-junction groove, 12-outer insulating paper, 13-outer chamber, 14-inner chamber, 15-annular chamber.

【detailed description】

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. These drawings are all simplified schematic diagrams, and only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, so they only show the configurations related to the present invention. In each drawing, the same components are represented by similar reference numerals, and specific dimensions can be drawn up according to specific implementation projects.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the present invention provides a bridge pier anti-collision device with variable stiffness, including a plurality of closed units 2, the closed unit 2 is composed of an outer chamber 13, an inner chamber 14 and an annular chamber between the inner and outer chambers. 15 compositions. The outer surface of the closed unit 2 is covered with an insulating layer 3 . The outer chamber 13 is filled with magnetorheological elastomer 5 . The inner chamber 14 includes an inner conductive voltage plate 7 , an inner insulating paper 10 , an outer conductive voltage plate 8 , an outer insulating paper 12 , a piezoelectric material 4 and a filling material 6 . There is one layer of inner insulating paper 10 between the inner conductive voltage plate 7 and the inner chamber wall, and one layer of outer insulating paper 12 between the outer conductive voltage plate 8 and the inner chamber wall. Piezoelectric material 4 and filling material 6 are filled between the inner and outer conducting voltage plates (7, 8). The piezoelectric material 4 and the filling material 6 are arranged alternately, and there are filling materials 6 on both sides of the piezoelectric material 4 . There is a coil 9 in the annular chamber 15, and a wiring groove 11 is opened on the closed unit, and the two ends of the coil 9 are respectively connected with the inner conductive voltage plate 7 and the outer conductive voltage plate 8 through the wiring groove 11.

The closed unit 2 of the bridge pier anti-collision device with variable stiffness of the present invention is a low carbon steel material, and the partition between each chamber (13, 14, 15) is also a low carbon steel material; the piezoelectric material 4 is a piezoelectric material. One of ceramics, piezoelectric polymers or composite piezoelectric materials; magnetorheological elastomer 5 is made of silicone rubber, silicone oil, carbonyl iron powder, iron particles or polyurethane rubber, silicone rubber, carbonyl iron powder, iron particles It is prepared by a method; the filling material 6 is one of rubber, synthetic rubber or composite elastic material; the inner and outer conducting voltage plates are copper plates; the coil 9 is formed by winding enamelled copper wires.

The device of the present invention is installed at the anti-collision position of the bridge pier to be protected. When the vehicle and ship touch the closed unit 2, the pressure generated by the touch is transmitted to the piezoelectric material 4, and the piezoelectric material 4 passes through the coil 9 through the deformation. , the energized coil 9 generates a magnetic field, and the magnetic field excites the magnetorheological elastomer 5 to change the stiffness of the magnetorheological elastomer 5 . If the impact force becomes larger, the pressure suffered by the piezoelectric material 4 also becomes larger, and the generated voltage changes accordingly, and then the magnetic field intensity generated by the energized coil 9 also changes, causing the stiffness of the magnetorheological elastomer 5 to become larger, and vice versa. The stiffness of the magnetorheological elastomer 5 becomes smaller.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: when the vehicle or ship touches the closed unit, pressure is generated and transmitted to the piezoelectric material, the piezoelectric material deforms and generates electricity through the coil, and the energized coil generates a magnetic field to excite the magnetorheological elastomer, so that the magnetorheological elastomer Stiffness changes. If the impact force becomes larger, the pressure on the piezoelectric material will also increase, and the generated voltage will change accordingly, and then the strength of the magnetic field generated by the energized coil will also change, causing the stiffness of the magnetorheological elastomer to increase, and vice versa. The stiffness of the elastic body becomes smaller. This process enables the stiffness of the anti-collision device to have automatic adjustment ability, makes the anti-collision device more intelligent, can absorb the collision energy well during the collision, can effectively protect the bridge pier, and can reduce the impact on the collision when the collision occurs. The damage of vehicles, ships and personnel is more humane.

Although the specific implementation of the present invention has been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that what is done without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention Any modification or deformation is regarded as an equivalent replacement of the present invention, and is still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A bridge pier anti-collision device with variable stiffness is characterized in that it comprises a plurality of closed units (2), the closed units (2) are connected to each other, and are surrounded by the pier (1) for the anti-collision of the bridge pier, and the closed unit (2) A coil (9) and a piezoelectric material (4) are arranged inside, an inner conductive plate (7) and an outer conductive plate (8) are respectively arranged on the inner and outer sides of the piezoelectric material (4), and the coil (9) The two ends are respectively connected to the inner conductive plate (7) and the outer conductive plate (8), and the closed unit (2) is also filled with magnetorheological elastomer (5), and the magnetorheological elastomer (5) is arranged in the closed unit (2) on the impact bearing part, and in the excitation range of the coil (9). 2. A kind of bridge pier anti-collision device with variable stiffness according to claim 1, characterized in that, a filling material (6) is filled between the inner conductive plate (7) and the outer conductive plate (8), The filling material (6) is arranged alternately with the piezoelectric material (4), and both sides of the piezoelectric material (4) are filled with the filling material (6). 3. A bridge pier anti-collision device with variable stiffness according to claim 1, characterized in that, said closed unit (2) sequentially includes an inner chamber (14) and an outer chamber (13) radially from inside to outside ), the inner conductive plate (7) and the outer conductive plate (8) are arranged in the inner chamber (14); the magnetorheological elastomer (5) is filled in the outer chamber (13); the outer chamber (13 ) is also provided with an annular chamber (15), and the annular chamber (15) is arranged for a week along the junction of the outer chamber (13) and the inner chamber (14), and the coil (9) is arranged in the annular chamber (15) . 4. A kind of bridge pier anti-collision device with variable stiffness according to claim 3, characterized in that, the material of the closed unit (2) is low carbon steel, and the outer chamber (13) and the inner chamber (14) The materials of the partitions between and between the outer chamber (13) and the annular chamber (15) are all low carbon steel, and an insulating layer (3) is arranged on the outer surface of the closed unit. 5. A kind of bridge pier anti-collision device with variable stiffness according to claim 1, characterized in that, between the inner conductive plate (7) and the closed unit (2) and between the outer conductive plate (8) and the closed unit The units (2) are all insulated, and the inner insulating paper (10) and the outer insulating paper (10) are arranged between the inner conductive plate (7) and the closed unit (2) and between the outer conductive plate (8) and the closed unit (2). paper (12). 6. A bridge pier anti-collision device with variable stiffness according to claim 1, characterized in that, the inner conductive plate (7) and the outer conductive plate (8) are both copper plates, and the piezoelectric material (4) It is a piezoelectric ceramic, piezoelectric polymer or composite piezoelectric material, and the coil (9) is a coil made of enamelled copper wire. 7. The anti-collision device for bridge pier with variable stiffness according to claim 2, characterized in that, the filling material (6) is rubber, synthetic rubber or composite elastic material. 8. A kind of bridge pier anti-collision method based on the device of claim 1 is characterized in that, when the closed unit (2) is hit, the piezoelectric material (4) is subjected to pressure and generates electricity, and the electricity sent by the piezoelectric material Make the coil (9) generate a magnetic field, the magnetic field excites the magnetorheological elastomer (5) to change the stiffness of the magnetorheological elastomer, the stronger the magnetic field strength, the greater the stiffness of the magnetorheological elastomer (5), The weaker the magnetic field strength is, the smaller the rigidity of the magnetorheological elastomer (5) is.