CN106013179A - Ecological slope protection structure favorable for growth and reproduction of plants and using method of ecological slope protection structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological slope protection structure beneficial to the growth and reproduction of plants and its application method, which comprises maintenance components arranged in an array on the slope, the maintenance components include a seedling pot, and the upper part of the seedling pot is open at the top The hollow cylinder exposes the slope surface, the lower part of the seedling pot is a hollow cone and is embedded in the slope, the upper part and the lower part of the seedling pot are integrated, and a partition with holes is arranged between the upper part and the lower part along the direction of the slope surface layer. The invention can promote the early growth of shrubs in the dry microenvironment of the slope, so that it can effectively play the role of soil consolidation and slope protection, prolong the time of water collection, store rainwater, establish and restore the vegetation community of the slope, and improve the slope easily. In the case of loss and poor vegetation site conditions, increase the vegetation coverage and strengthen the stability of the slope.

Description

An ecological slope protection structure beneficial to plant growth and reproduction and its application method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant structures, and in particular relates to an ecological slope protection structure beneficial to the growth and reproduction of plants and its application method.

Background technique

The traditional forms of slope vegetation protection include turf vegetation, three-dimensional vegetation net, vine vegetation, masonry rubble and skeleton grass protection, etc. The disadvantages of planting turf vegetation on slopes are low survival rate, high maintenance cost and easy degradation of grass species. Planting shrubs is limited by slope water and nutrient conditions, unsuitable selection of green plants, low survival rate of one-time planting and poor slope protection effect .

At present, when carrying out slope protection, anchor bolts are often used to strengthen slope protection, hang nets to spray turf, and plant shrubs; The effect is poor, it cannot prevent the loss of slope soil, and the aesthetic performance is poor; hanging net spraying is to spray the attachments containing plant seeds on the slope, and after the seeds germinate and grow, gradually form turf to realize slope protection; but after long-term use After the turf dies, it loses its protective effect on the slope, the slope protection effect is not ideal, and the project cost of spraying turf is high, and the maintenance cost is also high; plant shrubs on the slope, and use the roots and branches of the shrubs to protect the slope , but, at present existing method all is transplanted on the slope after growing seedlings in plastics or other non-degradable containers, removes the seedling container and plants the saplings on the slope during transplanting, and the seedling soil will scatter in the process, The root system of seedlings will be damaged. On arid slopes, the survival rate of transplanting is low, and the time for slowing down seedlings is also longer.

Therefore, the most critical and difficult period for shrubs to grow on slopes is the seedling stage. The characteristics of slopes are that water is easy to evaporate and precipitation is easy to lose; in the process of rainwater infiltration, when the rainfall exceeds the soil permeability, it will form The runoff of rainwater causes problems such as soil erosion and soil erosion; the current technology cannot overcome these disadvantages to effectively play the role of soil consolidation and slope protection, and the current existing slope water conservation facilities have complex structures, high construction costs and long periods of time.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a kind of ecological slope protection structure that is beneficial to the growth and reproduction of plants and its application method, which can provide an environment suitable for growth for plants to promote the early growth of shrubs under the microenvironment of slope drought; Time for water collection and storage of rainwater, improve the situation of easy loss of slopes and poor vegetation site conditions, increase vegetation coverage, and strengthen the stability of slopes; establish and restore vegetation communities on slopes, so that they can effectively play the role of soil consolidation and slope protection .

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an ecological slope protection structure that is beneficial to the growth and reproduction of plants, including maintenance components arranged in arrays on the slope, the maintenance components include seedling pots, and the seedling pots The upper part is a hollow cylinder with an open top and exposes the slope surface, the lower part of the seedling pot is a hollow cone and embedded in the slope, the upper part and the lower part of the seedling pot are integrated, and the upper part and the lower part are along the slope surface direction set the separator layer with holes;

An isolation layer with permeable holes is arranged in the hollow vertebral body, and the isolation layer divides the internal space of the hollow vertebral body into a planting area and a nutrient supply area, and the planting area and the nutrient supply area are arranged side by side along the vertical direction of the hollow vertebral body and pass through The permeation holes on the isolation layer are connected; the planting area is filled with a soil matrix and planted with plant seeds, the nutrient supply area is filled with a nutrient matrix; the upper hollow cylinder of the seedling pot is filled with a covering matrix. The isolation layer and the separation layer can adopt plastic film, which can effectively prevent the evaporation of underground water.

Further, water seepage holes are provided on the separation layer close to the nutrient supply area, and plant growth holes are provided on the separation layer close to the planting area. The collected water can enter the nutrient matrix through the water seepage hole, and after the planting in the planting area germinates, it can extend out of the seedling pot through the plant growth hole.

Further, the cone seedling pot is made of biodegradable plastic synthesized by animal and plant macromolecules. Usually after about three months to more than half a year, the seedling pot will automatically degrade into the soil; this kind of material has strong practicability, and the price is basically the same as that of ordinary plastics. After completing its function, it can be quickly degraded under natural conditions Degradation, during the degradation process and the degraded residual substances are not harmful to the natural environment, and the safety is relatively high.

Further, the covering matrix adopts a network structure composed of natural coconut fiber. This material is a degradable material that is not harmful to nature, and has a mesh structure; it can reduce the erosion and splashing of rainwater on the slope, which is beneficial to the maintenance of water and soil; at the same time, it also has the effect of drought resistance and entropy protection; it can be used as an elastic sponge , retain and accumulate rainwater, enhance the utilization of rainwater, and facilitate ventilation and storage of rainwater; this material has strong practicability, and its price is basically the same as that of ordinary plastics. After completing its function, it can degrade quickly under natural conditions. The degradation process and the degraded residual substances are not harmful to the natural environment and have high safety.

Further, the soil matrix includes fine sand, and the seeds of the plants are planted in the fine sand.

Further, the nutrient matrix includes humus soil, compound fertilizer and water retaining agent. Humus soils are rich in high organic matter, abundant roots, healthy microbial activity, good permeability, high porosity and high water holding capacity with high nutrient content, which is conducive to the nutrient cycle of the soil.

Furthermore, the water-retaining agent adopts a superabsorbent resin, which is a functional polymer material with particularly strong water-absorbing capacity. This kind of material is non-toxic and harmless, and repeatedly releases and absorbs water, so people in agriculture compare it to a "miniature reservoir"; at the same time, it can also absorb fertilizers and pesticides and release them slowly to increase fertilizer and drug effects.

Further, the plant adopts the potato family shrub plant, and the rhizobia agent dilution is wrapped outside the seeds of the plant. Leguminous plants often live in symbiosis with rhizobia to form a nitrogen-fixing system, which converts N2 in the air into NH4+ for plant growth, and is suitable for growing in barren soil. Leguminous plants have well-developed root system and high density. The anchoring function of vertical deep roots and the reinforcement function of horizontal shallow roots can enhance the shear strength of soil and effectively maintain water and soil; the stems and leaves of shrubs and herbs can intercept rainfall, weaken splash erosion, and reduce pore pressure. , Inhibition of slope runoff erosion, etc.; leguminous shrubs can grow new seedlings after their fruits fall into the soil after they mature, and are easy to form long-term stable plant communities.

Further, the maintenance components are arranged in an array with a spacing of 40cm-50cm, and are embedded in the slope up and down in a zigzag shape.

On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for using an ecological slope protection structure that is beneficial to plant growth and reproduction, comprising the steps of:

Filling the soil matrix in the planting area in the seedling pot, and filling the nutrient matrix in the nutrient supply area;

Put plant seeds in the soil matrix in the planting area, and embed the nursery pots in arrays into the slope;

Place a covering substrate on the upper part of the seedling pot;

After the seedling pot is degraded, the plants are combined with the slope soil, and the root nodule system of the plants continues to provide nutrients for the growth of the plants;

After the plants grow up, the microenvironment of the slope is improved, and the herbaceous native plants grow accordingly, gradually forming a stable plant community.

The present invention proposes an ecological slope protection structure that is beneficial to the growth and reproduction of plants and its use method, and adopts the beneficial effects of the technical solution:

The structure proposed by the present invention can provide an environment suitable for growth for plants in the dry microenvironment of the slope to promote the early growth of shrubs; prolong the water collection time and store rainwater, and can realize slow seepage in the process of storing rainwater Effectively prevent the overwatering and death of plants caused by excessive rainwater accumulation, improve the situation of easy loss of slopes and poor vegetation site conditions, increase vegetation coverage, and strengthen the stability of slopes; establish and repair slope vegetation communities to make them Effectively play the role of soil consolidation and slope protection. This structure is easy to be embedded in the slope, the damage to the slope is relatively small, and it is easy to maintain the stability of the slope; and it can ensure the growth space and nutrient content of the plants. During the construction process, the conical structure is better than other structures. form, it is easier to construct.

The method proposed by the present invention can establish a stable slope plant community and can effectively play the role of soil consolidation and slope protection. Its ecological effect is mainly reflected in the mechanical action of the root system and the hydrological action of the stem and leaf; the establishment and restoration of the slope vegetation community makes it Effectively play the role of soil consolidation and slope protection.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of maintenance component in a kind of ecological slope protection structure that is beneficial to plant growth and reproduction of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the sectional structural diagram of maintenance member in the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a separation layer layout diagram among the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of a separation layer in the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the layout diagram of a kind of ecological slope protection structure that is beneficial to plant growth and reproduction of the present invention;

Among them, 1 is a slope, 2 is a maintenance component; 21 is a seedling pot, 22 is a covering substrate, 23 is a separation layer, 24 is a plant, 25 is a planting area, 26 is a nutrient supply area, 27 is an isolation layer, and 28 is water seepage Hole 29 is a plant growth hole.

detailed description

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

In the embodiment, as shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 3, the present invention proposes an ecological slope protection structure that is beneficial to the growth and reproduction of plants, including maintenance components 2 arranged in an array on the slope 1, and the maintenance components 2 Including a seedling pot 21, the top of the seedling pot 21 is a hollow cylinder with an open top and exposes the slope surface, the bottom of the seedling pot 21 is a hollow cone and embedded in the slope 1, the upper and lower parts of the seedling pot 21 are made of integrated, and a separation layer 23 with holes is arranged between the upper part and the lower part along the direction of the slope surface;

An isolation layer 27 with penetration holes is arranged in the hollow vertebral body, and the isolation layer 27 divides the inner space of the hollow vertebral body into a planting area 25 and a nutrient supply area 26, and the planting area 25 and the nutrient supply area 26 are arranged along the hollow vertebral body. The bodies are vertically arranged side by side and communicated through the permeable holes on the isolation layer; the soil matrix is filled in the planting area 25 and the seeds of plants 24 are planted, and the nutrient matrix is filled in the nutrient supply area 26; Matrix22.

As an optimization scheme of the above scheme, as shown in Figure 4, water seepage holes 28 are arranged on the separation layer 23 near the nutrient supply area 26, and plant growth holes 29 are arranged on the separation layer 23 near the planting area 25; The isolation layer 27 and the isolation layer 23 can adopt earth film.

The partition layer 23 can effectively prevent the evaporation of underground water, and the collected water can enter the nutrient matrix through the seepage hole 28, and the seeds in the planting area 25 can extend out of the seedling pot 21 through the plant growth hole 29 after germination.

As an optimized solution of the above solution, the cone seedling pot 21 is made of biodegradable plastics synthesized by animal and plant macromolecules. Usually after about three months to more than half a year, the seedling pot 21 will automatically degrade into the soil; this kind of material has strong practicability, and the price is basically the same as that of ordinary plastics. During the degradation process and the residual substances of degradation, there is no harm to the natural environment, and the safety is relatively high.

As an optimized solution of the above solution, the covering matrix 22 adopts a network structure made of natural coconut fiber. This material is a degradable material that is not harmful to nature. The mesh structure is good for ventilation and storage of rainwater; it can reduce the erosion and splashing of rainwater on the slope 1, which is good for water and soil maintenance; at the same time, it also has the effect of drought resistance and entropy conservation. ; Can be used as an elastic sponge to retain and accumulate rainwater and enhance rainwater utilization.

As an optimized solution of the above solution, the soil matrix includes fine sand, and the seeds of the plant 24 are planted in the fine sand.

The nutrition includes humus soil, compound fertilizer and water retaining agent. Humus soil is rich in high organic matter, abundant roots, healthy microbial activity, good permeability, high porosity and high water holding capacity with high nutrient content, which is beneficial to the nutrient cycle of the soil;

Preferably, the ratio of humus soil, water retaining agent and compound fertilizer is about 8:1:1.

The water-retaining agent adopts superabsorbent resin, which is a functional polymer material with particularly strong water-absorbing capacity. This kind of material is non-toxic and harmless, and repeatedly releases and absorbs water, so people in agriculture compare it to a "miniature reservoir"; at the same time, it can also absorb fertilizers and pesticides and release them slowly to increase fertilizer and drug effects.

The preferred water-retaining agent is sodium polyacrylate-sodium polyacrylate, which has high water absorption rate and fast water absorption speed, but the water retention performance can only be kept effective for 2 years. According to the observation of afforestation experiments, the water absorption capacity and water absorption rate of this kind of products are significantly higher than those of polyacrylamide products. If they are fully watered in the soil, they will quickly absorb 130-140 times their own weight in 0.5-1.0 hours. The annual water absorption rate is reduced by about 60%. Considering the final biological effect and the convenience of construction, the water-retaining agent is mixed into the soil for use.

The plant 24 adopts potato family shrub plants, and the rhizobia agent dilution is wrapped outside the seeds of the plant 24 . Leguminous plants often live in symbiosis with rhizobia to form a nitrogen-fixing system, which converts N2 in the air into NH4+ for plant growth, and is suitable for growth in barren soil.

The symbiosis between rhizobia and legumes is the main way of nitrogen fixation in legumes, and the number of rhizobia becomes an important factor for the yield of legumes. The method of seed dressing with rhizobia agent can effectively increase the content of rhizobia in the soil, thereby increasing the yield of legumes. The specific method is as follows: according to the instructions of the selected rhizobia agent, add water to the rhizobia agent in proportion to make a paste, put in the seeds and stir, and ensure that the outside of the shrub seeds is wrapped with the rhizobia agent dilution.

As an optimization scheme of the above scheme, as shown in FIG. 5 , the maintenance components 2 are arranged in an array with a spacing of 40cm-50cm, and the maintenance components 2 in the upper row and the lower row are embedded in the slope 1 in a zigzag shape.

In order to cooperate with the realization of the method of the present invention, based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a method for using an ecological slope protection structure that is beneficial to the growth and reproduction of plants, comprising steps:

Fill the soil matrix in the planting area 25 in the seedling pot 21, and fill the nutrient matrix in the nutrient supply area 26;

Put 24 seeds of plants in the soil matrix in the planting area 25, and embed the nursery pots 21 in the slope 1 in an array;

Place cover matrix 22 on the top of seedling pot 21;

After the seedling pot 21 is degraded, the plant 24 is combined with the soil of the slope 1, and the root nodule system at the root of the plant 24 continues to provide nutrients for the growth of the plant 24;

After the plants 24 grow up, the microenvironment of the slope 1 is improved, and the herbaceous native plants grow accordingly, gradually forming a stable plant community.

The basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments. What are described in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description only illustrate the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will also have Variations and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The scope of protection required by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. the ecological slope protection structure being beneficial to plant growing procreation, it is characterised in that include that array type is arranged in side slope (1) the maintenance component (2) on, described maintenance component (2) includes pot for growing seedlings (21), described pot for growing seedlings (21) top is open-topped hollow cylinder and exposes side slope surface, during the bottom of pot for growing seedlings (21) is Empty cone in being embedded in side slope (1), the top of pot for growing seedlings (21) is formed integrally with bottom, and top with under It is provided with the separate layer (23) in hole along side slope surface direction between portion；

Being provided with the sealing coat (27) of permeability hole in described hollow vertebral body, sealing coat (27) is by hollow vertebral body Inner space be divided into growing area (25) and nutrition supply district (26), described growing area (25) and nutrition The permeability hole connection that drainage area (26) is longitudinally set up in parallel along hollow vertebral body and passes through on sealing coat；Described plantation District (25) interior filling soil substrate planting plants (24) seed, fill in described nutrition supply district (26) Nutrient matrix；Fill in described pot for growing seedlings upper hollow cylinder and cover substrate (22).

A kind of ecological slope protection structure being beneficial to plant growing procreation the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that It is provided with water seepage hole (28), near described kind on the separate layer (23) of described nutrition supply district (26) Plant and on the separate layer (23) of district (25), be provided with plant growing hole (29).

A kind of ecological slope protection structure being beneficial to plant growing procreation the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Described cone pot for growing seedlings (21) uses the biodegradable plastic of animals and plants Polymer Synthesizing to make.

A kind of ecological slope protection structure being beneficial to plant growing procreation the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Described covering substrate (22) uses the network structure that natural coconut silk fiber is constituted.

A kind of ecological slope protection structure being beneficial to plant growing procreation the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Described soil matrix includes that fine sand, the seed of described plant (24) are implanted in fine sand.

A kind of ecological slope protection structure being beneficial to plant growing procreation the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that Described nutrient matrix includes humus soil, compound fertilizer and water-retaining agent.

A kind of ecological slope protection structure being beneficial to plant growing procreation the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that Described water-retaining agent uses super absorbent resin.

A kind of ecological slope protection structure being beneficial to plant growing procreation the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that Described plant (24) uses Rhizoma Solani tuber osi section shrub plant, the seed outer wrap root nodule bacteria of described plant (24) Dilution agent liquid.

A kind of ecological slope protection structure being beneficial to plant growing procreation the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Described maintenance component (2) presses the pitch arrays formula arrangement of 40cm-50cm, the maintenance component (2) of upper row and lower row During in isosceles triangle, dislocation embeds side slope (1).

10. the using method of ecological slope protection structure being beneficial to plant growing procreation, it is characterised in that include step:

Filling soil substrate in growing area (25) in pot for growing seedlings (21), and in nutrition supply district (26) Interior filling nutrient matrix；

Soil matrix is put in growing area (25) plant (24) seed, and by pot for growing seedlings (21) array Formula embeds in side slope (1)；

Place on the top of pot for growing seedlings (21) and cover substrate (22)；

After pot for growing seedlings (21) is degraded, plant (24) combines with side slope (1) soil, and plants The root nodule system of thing (24) root continues as the growth of plant (24) and provides nutrient；

After plant (24) grows up, improving the microenvironment of side slope (1), indigenous plant grows draft therewith, Gradually form stable phytobiocoenose.