Intensive biomass pyrolysis gasification gas purification device
Technical Field
The invention relates to a purification device, in particular to an intensive biomass pyrolysis gasification gas purification device, and belongs to the technical field of biomass energy.
Background
Biomass can be a form of energy in which solar energy is stored in the form of chemical energy in living beings, directly or indirectly originating from photosynthesis in plants, the source of which includes all plants, animals and microorganisms as well as organic waste derived, excreted and metabolized from these living matter. The development and utilization of biomass resources have important significance for protecting environment, optimizing energy structure, relieving fossil energy supply pressure and the like.
The biomass pyrolysis gasification technology can convert the biofuel into the biofuel gas which is convenient to transport, store and use, but the obtained biofuel gas is crude fuel gas, contains wood tar, dust and other impurities, and cannot be directly used. Certain results have been achieved in relation to the purification of tar and dust from biomass combustible gases. The method mainly comprises a physical removal method, a thermochemical removal method and a plasma method, wherein the physical removal method mainly comprises a wet method, a dry method and an adsorption removal method, the wet removal method mainly comprises a water washing method and a spraying method, the water washing method mainly uses water to take away part of tar in the fuel gas, and the method is easy to cause smoke in the fuel gas, wastes water resources and easily causes secondary pollution; although the spraying method can fully contact with gas and achieve better removal effect, the spraying method is easy to cause smoke in the gas and the waste liquid is easy to cause pollution; the adsorption removal method is to remove impurities by using an adsorbent, and can achieve a good removal effect, but is common in small-sized purification devices due to the limitation of adsorption capacity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an intensive biomass pyrolysis gasification gas purification device aiming at the defects of complex process, large occupied area, high investment cost, low economic benefit and the like of the existing biomass pyrolysis gasification gas purification device.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: an intensive biomass pyrolysis gasification gas purification device comprises a comprehensive absorption tower and a comprehensive separation tower, wherein the comprehensive absorption tower comprises a water cooling tower at the lower part and an alkali spray tower at the upper part, the bottom of the alkali spray tower is connected with the top of the water cooling tower through bolts, the top of the alkali spray tower is centrally provided with a gas outlet I, the bottom of the water cooling tower is provided with an overflow hole I, the lower part of the water cooling tower is provided with a water outlet hole and a gas inlet I, the upper part of the water cooling tower is provided with a water inlet hole and a gas outlet hole II, a water-cooled heat exchanger is arranged inside the water cooling tower, the upper part of the water cooling tower is provided with a pipe plate net, the lower part of the alkali spray tower is provided with a gas inlet hole II, the gas outlet hole II of the water cooling tower is connected with the gas inlet hole II of the alkali spray tower through a connecting pipe, a sewage discharge hole is arranged on one side opposite to the gas inlet hole II at the lower part of the alkali spray tower, two filter screens I are arranged above the sewage discharge hole inside the alkali spray tower from top to bottom, the upper part of the alkali spray tower is provided with a spray hole, the alkali spray tower is internally provided with a sprayer through the spray hole, the sprayer is positioned above two filter screens I, the comprehensive separation tower comprises a gas-liquid separation tower at the lower part and an adsorption tower at the upper part, the bottom of the gas-liquid separation tower is provided with an overflow hole II, the center of the top of the adsorption tower is provided with a gas outlet hole III, the lower part of the gas-liquid separation tower is provided with a gas inlet hole III, one side opposite to the gas inlet hole III at the upper part of the gas-liquid separation tower is provided with a gas outlet hole VI, the inside of the gas-liquid separation tower is symmetrically provided with downward spiral-flow plates from top to bottom, the lower part of the adsorption tower is provided with a gas inlet hole VI, the gas inlet hole VI of the adsorption tower is connected with the gas outlet hole VI of the gas-liquid separation tower through a connecting pipe, the adsorption tower is provided with two filter screens II from top to bottom, two filling holes are respectively arranged above the two corresponding filter screens II on the adsorption tower, and two filling holes are arranged on the upper part of one side opposite to the air inlet hole VI, and the air outlet hole I of the alkali spray tower is connected with the air inlet hole III of the gas-liquid separation tower through a connecting pipe.
The cyclone plate is semicircular, the radius of the cyclone plate is the same as that of the inner wall of the gas-liquid separation tower, and the included angle between the cyclone plate and the gas-liquid separation tower is 60 degrees.
And a Roots blower is arranged on a connecting pipe between the air outlet I of the alkali spray tower and the air inlet III of the gas-liquid separation tower.
The bottom of the water cooling tower is provided with tower supporting legs.
The bottom of the gas-liquid separation tower is provided with a tower supporting leg.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the comprehensive absorption tower comprises a water cooling tower at the lower part and an alkali spray tower at the upper part, and the comprehensive separation tower comprises a gas-liquid separation tower at the lower part and an adsorption tower at the upper part; the two towers unification realize the function integration of two towers on a tower, have practiced thrift the cost, make living beings combustible gas purifier realize miniaturization and intensification to can reach higher purifying effect, reduce investment cost and operation maintenance cost, realize the popularization and application of large tracts of land.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
In the figure, water cooling tower 1, alkali spray column 2, venthole I3, overflow hole I4, apopore 5, air inlet I6, venthole II 7, pipe plate net 8, inlet port II 9, blowoff hole 10, filter screen I11, spray hole 12, spray thrower 13, gas-liquid separation tower 14, adsorption tower 15, overflow hole II 16, venthole III 17, inlet port III 18, venthole VI 19, whirl board 20, inlet port VI 21, filter screen II 22, filling hole 23, roots's fan 24, inlet opening 25.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following description of the drawings and the detailed description.
Referring to fig. 1, an intensive biomass pyrolysis gasification gas purification device comprises a comprehensive absorption tower and a comprehensive separation tower, wherein the comprehensive absorption tower comprises a water cooling tower 1 at the lower part and an alkali spray tower 2 at the upper part, and the bottom of the alkali spray tower 2 is connected with the top of the water cooling tower 1 by bolts; the integrated separation column includes a lower gas-liquid separation column 14 and an upper adsorption column 15.
Referring to fig. 1, the center of the top of the alkali spray tower 2 is provided with an air outlet i 3, and the bottom of the water cooling tower 1 is provided with an overflow hole i 4. The lower part of the water cooling tower 1 is provided with a water outlet 5 and an air inlet I6, and the upper part of the water cooling tower 1 is provided with a water inlet 25 and an air outlet II 7. The water cooling tower 1 is internally provided with a water cooling heat exchanger, and the upper part of the water cooling tower 1 is provided with a pipe plate network 8. And the lower part of the alkali spray tower 2 is provided with an air inlet II 9, and an air outlet II 7 of the water cooling tower 1 is connected with the air inlet II 9 of the alkali spray tower 2 through a connecting pipe. A sewage discharge hole 10 is formed in one side, opposite to an air inlet hole II 9, in the lower part of the alkali spray tower 2, and two filter screens I11 are arranged above the sewage discharge hole 10 in the alkali spray tower 2 from top to bottom; the upper part of the alkali spray tower 2 is provided with a spray hole 12, a sprayer 13 is arranged in the alkali spray tower 2 through the spray hole 12, and the sprayer 13 is positioned above the two filter screens I11.
Referring to fig. 1, the bottom of the gas-liquid separation tower 14 is provided with an overflow hole ii 16, and the center of the top of the adsorption tower 15 is provided with an air outlet hole iii 17. An air inlet hole III 18 is arranged at the lower part of the gas-liquid separation tower 14, and an air outlet hole VI 19 is arranged on one side opposite to the air inlet hole III 18 at the upper part of the gas-liquid separation tower 14. Downward swirl plates 20 are symmetrically arranged from top to bottom in the gas-liquid separation tower 14, an air inlet VI 21 is arranged at the lower part of the adsorption tower 15, and the air inlet VI 21 of the adsorption tower 15 is connected with an air outlet VI 19 of the gas-liquid separation tower 14 through a connecting pipe. The adsorption tower 15 is provided with two filter screens II 22 from top to bottom, two filling holes 23 are respectively arranged on the adsorption tower 15 corresponding to the upper parts of the two filter screens II 22, the two filling holes 23 are arranged on the upper part of one side opposite to the air inlet VI 21, and the air outlet I3 of the alkali spray tower 2 is connected with the air inlet III 18 of the gas-liquid separation tower 14 through a connecting pipe.
Referring to fig. 1, the swirl plate 20 is semicircular, the radius of the swirl plate 20 is the same as the radius of the inner wall of the gas-liquid separation tower 14, and the included angle between the swirl plate 20 and the gas-liquid separation tower 14 is 60 °.
Referring to fig. 1, a roots blower 24 is arranged on a connecting pipe between the air outlet I3 of the alkali spray tower 2 and the air inlet III 18 of the gas-liquid separation tower 14.
The bottom of the water cooling tower 1 is provided with tower supporting legs. The bottom of the gas-liquid separation tower 14 is provided with a tower supporting leg.
Referring to fig. 1, the generated fuel gas enters a water-cooled heat exchanger inside a water cooling tower 1 from an air inlet I6 at the lower part of the water cooling tower 1, enters an alkali spray tower 2 from an air outlet II 7 at the upper part of the water cooling tower 1 under the cooling effect of shell water, and the condensable gas in the fuel gas is cooled and then flows into a vinegar tar pool through a sewage discharge hole 10; alkali liquor in the alkali spray tower 2 is sprayed by the sprayer 13, and the gas is integrated under the action of the alkali liquor. The gas purified by the comprehensive absorption tower has large liquid content, the liquid is settled under the action of the rotational flow plate 20 of the gas-liquid separation tower 14 and flows into the vinegar tar pool, and the mixed gas is further dehydrated and decoked under the adsorption action of the filler 22 when passing through the adsorption tower 15, so that a higher purification effect is achieved.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention relates, several simple deductions or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and the above-mentioned structures should be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.