CN105988133A - Borehole strain observation full-frequency band data acquisition device - Google Patents
Borehole strain observation full-frequency band data acquisition device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105988133A CN105988133A CN201510055175.7A CN201510055175A CN105988133A CN 105988133 A CN105988133 A CN 105988133A CN 201510055175 A CN201510055175 A CN 201510055175A CN 105988133 A CN105988133 A CN 105988133A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the digital seismic observation field and relates to a borehole strain observation full-frequency band data acquisition device. The data acquisition device is provided with two 4-input data acquisition channels, can simultaneously generate second-sampling and 100-sampling high-precision and wide-dynamic range observation data and 10000Hz-sampling high-sampling rate observation data, and carry out precise synchronization on the observation data through a GPS clock; and the borehole strain observation full-frequency band data acquisition device and a 4-component borehole strain seismograph can be combined together to form an observation system of which the frequency band ranges from 10<-6>Hz to 1000Hz, which can carry out digital observation of earth tide, seismic wave and high-frequency microquake or earth sound. According to the borehole strain observation full-frequency band data acquisition device, the traditional earth tide observation function of a borehole strain instrument is reserved; a seismic wave observation new means which cannot be realized by a pendulum seismograph can be provided; especially a high-frequency microquake observation function or an earth sound observation function is realized; and the cognition of people for seismic waves can be enriched. The borehole strain observation full-frequency band data acquisition device covers all frequency bands in the seismic observation field and has great application significance in deepening the understanding of people for high-frequency microquake or earth sound and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to digital seismic observation field, particularly relate to a kind of Borehole strain observation Whole frequency band data acquisition controller.Can be to the high sampling rate observation data of the output second sampling simultaneously of 4 input signals and the high-precision wide-dynamic-range of 100Hz sampling and 10000Hz sampling, and by gps clock, observation data are carried out clock precision synchronous, can form together with the 4 component borehole strain seismic detectors of frequency band range 10-6Hz-1000Hz and observe earth tide, seismic wave and high frequency microseism or the observation system of ground sound simultaneously.
Background technology
Drilling strain gauge is a kind of strain measurement instrument, is one of a kind of key instrument in CDSN, the instrument that the Ye Shi U.S. " globe lens " plan uses.In CDSN, utilizing the low frequency observation information in more than 120 seconds drilling strain gauge cycle, the sample rate of data acquisition unit is a minute sampling, is mainly predicted, by observation earth tide and change thereof, the research that predicts an earthquake；In the U.S. " globe lens ", in the works, observation simulation is 10-6Hz-5Hz, is also to be limited to low-frequency range.People record low frequency signal with drilling strain gauge all the time, and are used for recording the seismic wave of higher frequency, do not cause more concern before the good drilling strain gauge of high frequency response characteristic occurs.At short seismic wave frequency domain, mainly observed by pendulum seismograph.At present, the observation simulation of pendulum seismograph is 360 seconds-100Hz, and record is speed (or acceleration, displacement) vector.Saying in principle, the Strain seismic wave of drilling strain gauge observation is second-order tensor, and different physical quantitys will provide more understanding to seismic wave for us.And the crustal movement that frequency is higher than 100 Hz has exceeded the monitoring frequency domain of pendulum seismograph, therefore in the frequency domain higher than 100 Hz, there is which kind of crustal movement the most not well known actually.But there is some evidence in this frequency domain, have very important crustal motion information.Rock stress experiment disclose acoustic emission phenomenon, when stress reaches the half of fracture strength of rock, acoustic emission signal dramatically increases, when micro rupture develops further, acoustic emission frequency by high frequency to low frequency variations.Thus during the micro rupture of earthquake preparation or violent earthquake front stratum, must have high-frequency acoustic emission signal produces, also heard by human ear before repeatedly earthquake, only cannot deeply be recognized because lacking reliable instrument record data.Ground sound is a kind of Impending precursor, be frequently experienced in several seconds before earthquake, somewhat or several hours, in several days, prediction about imminent earthquakes and earthquake self-rescue are had important research meaning.To this end, national inventing patent ZL20061007216.7 proposes and achieves the 4 component borehole strain seismic detectors of a kind of frequency band range 10-6Hz-1000Hz, possess and observe earth tide, seismic wave and high frequency microseism or the ability of ground sound simultaneously.
Along with the progress of electronic technology, digital observation technology is continuously available development, and digital observation technology is prone to storage, the outstanding advantages that transmits and process and the selection that is increasingly becoming Observation Technology of Earthquakes because having observation data.National inventing patent ZL20061007216.7 propose and realize borehole strain seismic detector strain resolution be up to 1 × 10-12, need high accuracy, Larger Dynamic scope data acquisition unit matched.Though the data acquisition unit of current matched application meets requirement in precision, but sample rate is a minute sampling, and the data acquisition unit sample rate of improvement brings up to second sampling, the most only considers the observation of earth tide of low frequency.The higher seismic data collector of sample rate, designs for pendulum seismograph, focuses on that seismic wave is observed, generally providing 3-6 data acquisition channel, corresponding 1-2 platform seismic detector, sample rate is up to 500Hz, some seismic data collectors also add the accessory channel of second sampling, for observation of earth tide.When being applied to 4 component borehole strain seismic detector of national inventing patent ZL20061007216.7 proposition and realization, there is problems in that 1, owing to designing mainly for three-component seismograph, its port number is not suitable for this borehole strain seismic detector, if i.e. seismographic for borehole strain 4 components being arranged in 2 groups of data acquisition channels to treat as two seismic detectors, very big inconvenience will be brought for instrument and data management；2, at most can only take into account seismic wave and fixing tide observation, not there is high frequency microseism or the observing function of ground sound.Other type of data acquisition unit does not the most possess observes earth tide, seismic wave and high frequency microseism or the ability of ground sound or function simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is: provide a kind of Borehole strain observation Whole frequency band data acquisition unit, can be to the high sampling rate observation data of the output second sampling simultaneously of 4 input signals and 100Hz sampling high-precision wide-dynamic-range and 10000Hz sampling, and by gps clock, observation data are carried out clock precision synchronous, can form together with the 4 component borehole strain seismic detectors of frequency band range 10-6Hz-1000Hz and observe earth tide simultaneously, seismic wave and high frequency microseism or the observation system of ground sound, it is applied to observe field based on the seismographic digital seismic of this borehole strain.
The present invention solves its technical problem and the technical scheme is that the second sampling of high-precision wide-dynamic-range and 100Hz sampled data output passage pass through 4 32 ∑s-Δ type a/d converter ADS1281, CPLD and DSP realizes, ADS1281 is organized as can being the form that reads of DSP by CPLD merely through the over-sampling data (8000Hz sample rate) of sinc filter, DSP reads these data and is filtered processing respectively through respective series FIR decimation filter of digital, the sampling of output second and 100Hz sampled data respectively, give data by RS232 oral instructions to process, storage and communications module.Data process, storage and communications module are mainly made up of ARM9 processor, network interface card and SD card.In addition realized the data output passage of high sampling rate by 1 24 ∑-Δ type a/d converter ADS1274 and above-mentioned CPLD, 1 ADS1274 supports that 4 input signals synchronize input, directly output 10000Hz sampled data.The output data of ADS1274 are converted to the form that the IIS interface of above-mentioned ARM9 processor can read by CPLD, and ARM9 carries out after reading these data processing, storing and communications.The precision interval clock realizing gathering data by following 3 measures synchronizes: 1, embed time service type GPS module, the output frequency controlling VCXO with GPS PPS signal is locked in a certain setpoint frequency, degree of stability is ± 1Hz, this frequency signal is input to each a/d converter as operating frequency again after CPLD divides, it is ensured that the operating frequency that input a/d converter is stable；2, certain rising edge time after GPS PPS is effective sends lock-out pulse and is input to each a/d converter, the duty of a/d converter is synchronized；3, by the data of each output data of the 8000Hz sample rate of ADS1281 and the 10000Hz sample rate of ADS1274 plus clock marks, and identified in subsequent treatment.
The present invention has following innovative point and a major advantage:
1.
It is integrated with the data acquisition channel of high-precision wide-dynamic-range and the data acquisition channel of high sampling rate, earth tide, seismic wave and high frequency microseism or the digital observation of ground sound can be carried out simultaneously, observation system can be formed together with the 4 component borehole strain seismic detectors of frequency band range 10-6Hz-1000Hz.Both the observation of earth tide function that drilling strain gauge is traditional had been remained, open up again the seismic wave observation new way beyond pendulum seismograph, especially while be provided with high frequency microseism or Earth sound observation function, cover whole frequency bands in seismological observation field, abundant people for the understanding of seismic wave, deepen people, for the aspect such as understanding of high frequency microseism or ground sound, there is applications well meaning.
2. comprise clock synchronization module, particularly to the conversion data of a/d converter plus clock marks, and the most in addition identifying processing, it is possible to efficiently against the drift effect of clock.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is data acquisition unit structured flowchart.
In figure: 1 low-pass filter circuit
2——ADS1281
3 CPLD, CPLD
4 high-pass filterings and amplifying circuit
5——ADS1274
6 ARM9 processors
7 IIS, integrated audio interface
8 clock synchronization modules
9 DSP, digital signal processor
10 RS232 interfaces
11 RS232 interfaces
12 network interface cards
13 SD cards.
Fig. 2 is clock synchronization module structured flowchart.
In figure: 14 GPS module, GPS module
15 PPS, pps pulse per second signal
16 antennas
17 single-chip microcomputers
18 DAC, digital analog converter part
19 VCXO, voltage controlled oscillator.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
A kind of Borehole strain observation Whole frequency band data acquisition unit that the present invention provides, its structured flowchart is as shown in Figure 1: be divided into two-way after 4 component borehole strains seismographic 4 component signals input data acquisition unit, one tunnel input low-pass filter circuit (1) inputs ADS1281 (2) afterwards, and the cut-off frequency of low-pass filter circuit (1) is set to 40Hz.ADS1281(2) it is the high-precision wide-dynamic-range ∑-Δ type a/d converter of a kind of 32, inside it, comprises 4 rank sigma-delta modulators and SINC and series FIR decimation filter of digital, can the conversion data of output sample rate 250Hz to 4000Hz.The requirement of the 100Hz sample rate of seismic wave observation is not generally met due to its Least sampling rate 250Hz, and its internal part FIR decimation filter of digital is half-band filter, stopband attenuation is less than-150dB, it is unsatisfactory for the seismic wave observation requirement for digital filter, therefore the Borehole strain observation Whole frequency band data acquisition unit of the present invention uses ADS1281(2) merely through the output data of 8000Hz sample rate of SINC digital filter, the FIR decimation filter of digital required by the observation of seismic wave contentedly of designed, designed is filtered processing the conversion data obtaining required sample rate.The data of 8000Hz sample rate ADS1281(2) are by CPLD(3) being organized into can be by DSP(9) form that read, DSP(9) by software programming, the data read are carried out described FIR digital program-con-trolled exchange.Conversion data output for 100Hz sample rate, the data of 8000Hz sample rate are respectively through the FIR decimation filter of digital that down-sampled rate is 10,4 and 2, the most down-sampled rate be 10 for comb filter, filter length is shorter, computational efficiency is high and postpones less, down-sampled rate be 4 and 2 for low pass filter, filter length is longer, and computational efficiency is low and postpones bigger.nullConversion data output for second sampling，A kind of method is to be averaged above-mentioned 100Hz sample rate output data，Be equivalent to carry out simple comb filtering，Calculate simple but can not effectively filter the signal component of more than nyquist frequency (0.5Hz)，There is serious aliasing effect impact，Changing data output for the Borehole strain observation Whole frequency band data acquisition unit of this present invention for second sampling, to be the data to 8000Hz sample rate be filtered through another series FIR decimation filter of digital，It is i.e. 20 respectively through down-sampled rate、10、5、The FIR decimation filter of digital of 4 and 2，The most down-sampled rate is 20、10 and 5 for comb filter，And the filter parameter that down-sampled rate is 10 is identical with the parameter of the wave filter that down-sampled rate in 100Hz sample rate conversion data output is 10，Down-sampled rate be 4 and 2 for low pass filter，Also identical with the parameter of the wave filter that down-sampled rate in 100Hz sample rate conversion data output is 4 and 2.100Hz sample rate and second sample conversion data are sent to ARM9 processor (6) respectively through RS232 (10) and (11) two serial ports of RS232, ARM9 processor (6) supports network interface card (12) and SD card (13), continuous data can be stored and network communication and transmission, seismic events judgement can also be carried out, event data is stored and network communication and transmission.
Another road 4 component signal input high-pass filtering and amplifying circuit (4) input ADS1274 (5) afterwards, and the cut-off frequency of high-pass filtering and amplifying circuit (4) is set to 40Hz.ADS1274 (5) is 24 ∑s-Δ type a/d converter, supports that 4 road signals synchronize input for 1, and sample rate is set to 10000Hz.Data for 4 road 10000Hz sample rates, in the case of data bit is 16, data volume per second is 80000 bytes, it is impossible to transmitted by RS232 mouth, generally use FIFO or dual port RAM to carry out data exchange, but existence increase device, data wire are many and the shortcoming of poor stability.ARM9 processor (6) select S3C2410, the present invention utilizes the IIS(7 that ARM9 processor (6) carries) interface to realize data transmission with reduce device, reduce data wire and improve stability.CPLD(3) 24 conversion data of ADS1274 (5) are received, only take it high 16, it is converted into the IIS(7 of ARM9 processor (6)) input form required by interface, ARM9 processor (6) reads this data, carries out seismic events judgement, event data storage and network communication and transmission.
For seismic wave is observed, important requirement be observation data must clock precision synchronous, thus time difference of the different station can be arrived by seismic wave and carry out the location of focus.The Borehole strain observation Whole frequency band data acquisition unit of the present invention comprises clock synchronization module to realize clock precision synchronous, the structured flowchart of clock synchronization module is as shown in Figure 2: single-chip microcomputer (17) is connected with CPLD (3), GPS module (14) and DAC (18), VCXO(19) being connected with CPLD (3) and DAC (18), GPS module (14) provides PPS(15) give CPLD (3).GPS module (14) selects time service type module, and its time service precision is typically superior to 100ns.The process that clock synchronizes is as follows:
1.GPS module (14) connects antenna (16) work, and single-chip microcomputer (17) reads the output information of GPS module (14) and waits its PPS(15) effectively；
2. at PPS(15) control under, CPLD (3) is to VCXO(19) output frequency measure, single-chip microcomputer (17) reads measurement result, compare with the frequency values of a certain setting, according to frequency-splitting by DAC (18) adjust input VCXO(19) voltage control quantity, make VCXO(19) output frequency be locked in the frequency of setting (± 1Hz precision).This rate-adaptive pacemaker exports to a/d converter, as its operating frequency after being divided by CPLD (3), it is ensured that the operating frequency of each a/d converter in each data acquisition unit is equal；
After output frequency locking 3.VCXO(19), PPS(15) some rising edge time, produce lock-out pulse by CPLD (3) and export to a/d converter, make the duty of each a/d converter be synchronized with the moment accurately；
4. in order to prevent VCXO(19) output frequency drift impact, in CPLD (3), the 8000Hz sampled data of ADS1281 (2) is added clock marks, the lowest order of its 32 bit data will be set to the state of current second, if the lowest order of all data of such as current second is " 1 ", then the lowest order of all data of next second is " 0 ", the most constantly conversion.At DSP(9) program in the clock marks of data is judged, if the data of certain second are not just 8000, the adjustment giving up completion at least the most at most processes, and overcomes the impact that output frequency drifts about.Equally the 10000Hz sampled data of ADS1274 (5) is also added clock marks, i.e. before inherent 1st sampled data per second of CPLD (3), produce a clock marks word 0x7fff and export to IIS (7) interface of ARM9, in order to allow 0x7fff play mark effect, when the transformation result of ADS1274 (5) be 0x7fff time be then replaced into 0x7ffe, it is ensured that data do not have in addition to clock marks word other 0x7fff.Because the full range value of 0x7fff correspondence bipolarity 16, this displacement typically will not bring anything to affect.ARM9 (6) carries out the judgement of clock marks to the data from IIS (7) interface, if the data of certain second are not just 10000, the adjustment being also carried out giving up at most completion at least processes.Owing to 8000Hz and 10000Hz sample rate itself is higher, so process and can reliably ensure that clock synchronization accuracy reaches 0.1ms, contentedly seismic wave observation requirement.
Claims (5)
- null1. a Borehole strain observation Whole frequency band data acquisition unit，It is provided with the 4 input data acquisition channels being made up of low-pass filter circuit and ADS1281，Low-pass filter circuit is connected by holding wire with ADS1281，It is additionally provided with the 4 input data acquisition channels being made up of high-pass filtering and amplifying circuit and ADS1274，High-pass filtering and amplifying circuit are connected by holding wire with ADS1274，It is additionally provided with CPLD、Clock synchronization module、DSP、ARM9 processor、Network interface card and SD card，Described CPLD respectively with ADS1281、ADS1274、Clock synchronization module、The IIS interface of DSP with ARM9 processor is connected by data wire，DSP with ARM9 processor is connected by data wire，ARM9 processor and network interface card、SD card is connected by data wire.
- A kind of Borehole strain observation Whole frequency band data acquisition unit the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that there are two 4 input data acquisition channels simultaneously, the a/d converter of one data acquisition channel is ADS1281, for the sampling of output second and the observation data of 100Hz sampling, the a/d converter of another data acquisition channel is ADS1274, for the observation data of output 10000Hz sampling.
- A kind of Borehole strain observation Whole frequency band data acquisition unit the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that the data of second sampling and 100Hz sampling are that the output data sampled from the 8000Hz merely through SINC decimation filter of digital of ADS1281 are obtained respectively through respective series FIR decimation filter of digital filtering by DSP program.
- A kind of Borehole strain observation Whole frequency band data acquisition unit the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that the 10000Hz sampled data of ADS1274 is to realize transmission via CPLD by the IIS interface of ARM9 processor.
- A kind of Borehole strain observation Whole frequency band data acquisition unit the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that the 10000Hz sampled data of the 8000Hz sampled data to ADS1281 and ADS1274, all plus clock marks, overcomes the impact of clock drift further.
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| CN111812746A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-10-23 | 中国地震局地壳应力研究所 | Borehole strain gauge in-situ calibration method based on seismic surface wave |
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