CN105974213A - Method and apparatus for detecting Hall phase sequence of brushless direct current motor - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for detecting Hall phase sequence of brushless direct current motor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105974213A
CN105974213A CN201610296677.3A CN201610296677A CN105974213A CN 105974213 A CN105974213 A CN 105974213A CN 201610296677 A CN201610296677 A CN 201610296677A CN 105974213 A CN105974213 A CN 105974213A
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phase
current
value
axle
hall
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CN105974213B (en
Inventor
魏海峰
韦汉培
张懿
夏俭辉
缪维娜
陈椒娇
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Shanghai upper force Explosion-proof Motor Group Co., Ltd.
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Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R29/00Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
    • G01R29/18Indicating phase sequence; Indicating synchronism

Abstract

A method for detecting Hall phase sequence of a brushless direct current motor is disclosed. A given value of the current of a three-phase winding and a rotor spatial position angle of a rotor magnetic pole d shaft relative to the alpha shaft of a phase-A winding are set, the difference between the actual value, of the current of the three-phase winding, subjected to Clark conversion and Park conversion and the given value is obtained, and the difference subjected to PID adjustment, inverse Park conversion and SVPWM pulse modulation is outputted to control the conduction time of the corresponding MOS pipe in a three-phase bridge type inverter. The converted actual current value is made to follow the given value of the current, the rotor is positioned to the position of phase-A winding, and the signal line, where a Hall position sensor outputs low level, is the phase A Hall signal line. A given value of the current of a three-phase winding and another rotor spatial position angle of a rotor magnetic pole d shaft relative to alpha shaft of the phase-A winding are set, the converted actual current value is made to follow the given value of the current in the same way, the rotor is positioned to the position of the phase-B winding, and the signal line where, the Hall position sensor outputs low level, is the phase B Hall signal line. The remaining one signal line is phase C Hall signal line.

Description

The detection method of a kind of brshless DC motor Hall phase sequence and device
Technical field
The invention belongs to brshless DC motor technical field, detect brshless DC motor Hall element holding wire particularly to one The method and device of phase sequence.
Background technology
In recent years, brshless DC motor is little, lightweight with its original volume, efficiency is high, moment is big, good speed adjustment features etc. is excellent Point obtains a wide range of applications in fields such as Digit Control Machine Tool, robot, electric motor car, household electrical appliances, business automation equipments.Brushless directly Stream motor hall signal controls inverter commutation, and this just requires that hall signal and three-phase stator winding have correct corresponding relation. Generally on hall signal line, indicate HA、HB、HC, the motor winding corresponding with hall signal is put on A, B, C is to represent corresponding relation.But the labelling that is frequently encountered by real work in hall signal line and three-phase stator winding is lost or Not clear situation, needs to detect Hall element and the corresponding relation of three-phase windings.At this moment, commonly used method is to use prime mover Drive brushless electric motor rotor rotates, and judges corresponding relation by the back-emf recorded.This method is the most more, it is also possible to There is the situation being unsatisfactory for experiment condition;Secondly, find in practice phase sequence not pair time motor be likely to situation about rotating, and And now three-phase current is very big, Hall element easily burns.Therefore, a kind of reasonable, easy detection brshless DC motor is designed Hall phase sequence method has great importance.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention, is to provide detection method and the device of a kind of brshless DC motor Hall phase sequence, and it can be unaware of Brshless DC motor three-phase hall signal line output order, in the case of brshless DC motor cannot run well, judges simply Go out the phase sequence of Hall element three phase connection.
In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, the solution of the present invention is:
The detection method of a kind of brshless DC motor Hall phase sequence, comprises the steps:
(1) three-phase stator winding of definition brshless DC motor is respectively A, B, C phase winding, respectively with three-phase bridge type inverse 3 outfans of device connect, and the given value of current value of setting brshless DC motor three-phase windings and rotor magnetic pole d axle are relative to A phase One rotor space position angle of winding α axle, is measured the current actual value of three-phase windings, and is converted and Park by corresponding Clark Conversion obtains the current actual value after three-phase windings conversion, by poor for the current actual value after described given value of current value and described conversion, The difference obtained exports, to control described three-phase bridge after sequentially passing through PID regulation, anti-Park conversion, SVPWM impulse modulation The ON time of corresponding metal-oxide-semiconductor in formula inverter so that the current actual value after described conversion follows described given value of current value, Rotor fixed position is made to arrive described A phase winding under the action of a magnetic force, by the electricity of detection Hall element each signal line output Flat height is so that it is determined that corresponding A phase hall signal line;
(2) given value of current value and the rotor magnetic pole d axle relative stator A phase winding α of brshless DC motor three-phase windings are reset Another rotor space position angle of axle, is measured the current actual value of three-phase windings, and is become by corresponding Clark conversion and Park Get the current actual value after the conversion of described three-phase windings in return, the current actual value after described given value of current value and described conversion is made Difference, the difference obtained exports, to control described three after sequentially passing through PID regulation, anti-Park conversion, SVPWM impulse modulation The ON time of corresponding metal-oxide-semiconductor in phase bridge-type inverter so that the current actual value after described conversion follows described given value of current Value, makes rotor fixed position arrive described B phase winding under the action of a magnetic force, is exported by the detection each signal line of Hall element Level height so that it is determined that corresponding B phase hall signal line;
(3) after determining A phase hall signal line and B phase hall signal line respectively by (1) and (2) step, remaining 1 Bar hall signal line is C phase hall signal line.
Further, in described step (1), the described given value of current value given component on rotor magnetic pole d axle is 0, is turning Given component on sub-magnetic pole q axle is load current value, described turn of described rotor magnetic pole d axle relative stator A phase winding α axle Subspace position angle is-90 °;Current actual value after described conversion be included in the actual component on described rotor magnetic pole d axle and Actual component on described rotor magnetic pole q axle.
Further, in described step (1), current sensor is utilized to measure the electric current of described A, B, C phase winding respectively in fact Actual value;Utilize subtractor respectively by poor to the given value of current component on described rotor magnetic pole d axle, q axle and the actual component of electric current; Utilize the level numerical value of output in each signal line of level detector detection Hall element.
Further, in described step (1), in each signal line of described Hall element, the signal of output low level signal Line is A phase hall signal line.
Further, in described step (2), the described given value of current value given component on described rotor magnetic pole d axle is 0, Given component on described rotor magnetic pole q axle is load current value, described rotor magnetic pole d axle relative stator A phase winding α axle Another rotor space position angle described be 30 °;Current actual value after described conversion is included on described rotor magnetic pole d axle Actual component and the actual component on described rotor magnetic pole q axle.
Further, in described step (2), current sensor is utilized to measure the electric current of described A, B, C phase winding respectively in fact Actual value;Utilize subtractor respectively by poor to the given value of current component on described rotor magnetic pole d axle, q axle and the actual component of electric current; Utilize the level numerical value of each signal line output of level detector detection Hall element.
Further, in described step (2), in each signal line of described Hall element, the signal of output low level signal Line is B phase hall signal line.
The detection device of a kind of detection method realizing above-mentioned brshless DC motor Hall phase sequence, is used for detecting brshless DC motor The output order of the three-phase signal line of middle Hall element;Described device includes that DC source, three-phase bridge type converter, Hall pass Sensor, three current sensors, controller and level detector, wherein, DC source is in parallel with three-phase bridge type converter, and three The outfan of phase bridge-type inverter connects A, B, C three-phase windings of brshless DC motor, and the input of Hall element connects institute State the stator of brshless DC motor, and the outfan of Hall element connects level detector;The input of three current sensors Being connected in the A phase winding of brshless DC motor, B phase winding and C phase winding, outfan connects controller the most respectively; The outfan of described controller connects the grid of 6 metal-oxide-semiconductors of three-phase bridge type converter respectively, thus controls corresponding MOS Pipe turns on.
Further, described controller include initial value setting apparatus, Clark changer, Park changer, two subtractors, Two PID regulator, anti-Park changer and SVPWM pulse-modulator;The input of described Clark changer connects The outfan of described three current sensors, the outfan of described Clark changer connects the input of described Park changer, The outfan of described Park changer and the outfan of described initial value setting apparatus are connected to the input of said two subtractor, The outfan of said two subtractor is connected respectively to the input of corresponding PID regulator, said two PID regulator defeated Going out end and be connected to the input of described anti-Park changer, the outfan of described anti-Park changer is connected to described SVPWM The input of pulse-modulator, the outfan of described SVPWM pulse-modulator connects 6 of three-phase bridge type converter respectively The grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor.
After using such scheme, the step of three phase connection phase sequences of the detection brshless DC motor Hall element of the present invention is simple, Whole process is without changing any wiring, it is possible to effectively prevent the brshless DC motor stall burnout phenomenon that random wiring causes, by nothing Brushless motor is equivalent to common DC motor, controls simple.By introducing closed-loop current control, use and set given value of current value Method, both can prevent the feelings that brshless DC motor actual current value when being connected to load is not enough, rotor torque cannot position not Condition, can prevent again actual current value excessive stator insulation layer to be burned, and substantially increases detection method and the reliability of detection device.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structure of the detecting device figure of the brshless DC motor Hall phase sequence of the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the detection method flow chart of the brshless DC motor Hall phase sequence of the specific embodiment of the invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, technical scheme is described in detail.
The present invention provides detection method and the device of a kind of brshless DC motor Hall phase sequence, is used for detecting in brshless DC motor suddenly The output order of your position sensor three-phase hall signal line, described detection device is as it is shown in figure 1, include: DC source 11, Three-phase bridge type converter 12, Hall element 13, three current sensors 14,15,16, controller 17, and level detector 18, wherein, DC source 11 is in parallel with three-phase bridge type converter 12, and the outfan connection of three-phase bridge type converter 12 is brushless directly A, B, C three-phase windings of the stator of stream motor 10, the input of Hall element 13 connects determining of brshless DC motor 10 Son, and the outfan of Hall element 13 connects level detector 18;The input of three current sensors 14,15,16 divides Correspondence is connected in the A phase winding of stator of brshless DC motor 10, B phase winding, C phase winding, and outfan connects the most respectively Connecing the input of controller 17, the outfan of controller 17 is connected to the control end of three-phase bridge type converter 12, constitutes electric current and closes Loop systems.
In the present embodiment, three-phase bridge type converter 12 is by MOS1, MOS2, MOS3, MOS4, MOS5, MOS6 six Metal-oxide-semiconductor composition, MOS1~MOS6 is divided into the source electrode of the MOS1 in three groups: first group and the drain series of MOS4 After again DC source 11 in parallel, and the stator of the series connection node between MOS1 and MOS4 and described brshless DC motor 10 A phase winding connects;The source electrode of the MOS3 in second group with after the drain series of MOS6 again DC source 11 in parallel, and MOS3 It is connected with the B phase winding of the series connection node between MOS6 with the stator of described brshless DC motor 10;MOS5 in 3rd group Source electrode with after the drain series of MOS2 again DC source 11 in parallel, and the series connection node between MOS5 and MOS2 and institute The C phase winding of the stator stating brshless DC motor 1-connects.Additionally, the grid of every transistor is as described three-phase bridge type inverse One control input of device 12, connects the outfan of described controller 17.
In the present embodiment, described controller 17 includes: initial value setting apparatus 171, Clark changer 172, Park changer 173, two subtractors 174,175, two PID regulator 176,177, anti-Park changer 178 and SVPWM arteries and veins Pulse modulator 179;The input of described Clark changer 172 connects the output of described three current sensors 14,15,16 End, the outfan of described Clark changer 172 connects the input of described Park changer 173, described Park changer 173 Outfan and the outfan of described initial value setting apparatus 171 be connected to the input of two subtractors 174,175 respectively, subtract The outfan of musical instruments used in a Buddhist or Taoist mass 174 is connected to the input of PID regulator 176, and the outfan of subtractor 175 is connected to PID regulator The input of 177, the outfan of PID regulator 176,177 is connected to the input of described anti-Park changer 178, institute The outfan stating anti-Park changer 178 is connected to the input of described SVPWM pulse-modulator 179, described SVPWM The outfan of pulse-modulator 179 connects the grid of 6 metal-oxide-semiconductors of three-phase bridge type converter 12 respectively, and (i.e. three-phase bridge is inverse Become the control end of device 12), thus control the conducting of corresponding metal-oxide-semiconductor.
Based on the detection device shown in Fig. 1, coordinate shown in Fig. 2, the detection side of the present invention a kind of brshless DC motor Hall phase sequence Method comprises the steps:
(1) electric current the giving on rotor magnetic pole d axle of A, B, C three-phase windings of the stator of brshless DC motor 10 is set ComponentGiven component on rotor magnetic pole q axle is load current valueRotor magnetic pole d axle relative stator A phase around Rotor space angular position theta=-90 ° of group α axle, utilize the electricity being connected in A phase winding, B phase winding, C phase winding Flow sensor 14,15,16 records the current actual value i of A phase windingA, the current actual value i of B phase windingB, C phase winding Current actual value iC, by actual current value i of A, B, C three-phase windingsA、iB、iCBy corresponding in Clark changer 172 Clark conversion obtains iαAnd iβ, then in Park changer 173 Park conversion and obtain three-phase windings electric current at rotor magnetic Actual component i on the d axle of poledAnd the actual component i on rotor magnetic pole q axleq, will be at rotor magnetic pole d by subtractor 174 Given component on axleWith actual component idMake difference one PID regulator 176 of feeding and obtain ud, will be by subtractor 175 Given component on rotor magnetic pole q axleWith actual component iqMake difference another PID regulator 177 of feeding and obtain uq, by difference udWith And uqThe component of voltage u obtained needed for A phase winding α axle is converted by the anti-Park of anti-Park changerαAnd A phase winding β Component of voltage u needed for axleβ, by uα、uβIt is sent to SVPWM pulse-modulator and produces corresponding pwm pulse feeding three-phase bridge Formula inverter 12, controls the corresponding metal-oxide-semiconductor ON time of three-phase bridge type converter 12, makes three-phase windings electric current at rotor magnetic pole Actual component i on d axledAnd the actual component i on rotor magnetic pole q axleqFollow given component respectivelyWithNow in phase Answering under the effect of magnetic field force, brshless DC motor 10 rotor fixed position, to A phase winding position, is detected suddenly by level detector 18 The output level numerical value of 3 signal line of your sensor 13, the holding wire of output low level signal is A phase hall signal line;
(2) electric current the giving on rotor magnetic pole d axle of A, B, C three-phase windings of the stator of brshless DC motor 10 is set ComponentGiven component on rotor magnetic pole q axle is load current valueRotor magnetic pole d axle relative stator A phase around Rotor space angular position theta=30 ° of group α axle, utilize the electric current being connected in A phase winding, B phase winding, C phase winding Sensor 14,15,16 records the current actual value i of A phase windingA, the current actual value i of B phase windingB, the electricity of C phase winding Stream actual value iC, by actual current value i of A, B, C three-phase windingsA、iB、iCBy corresponding in Clark changer 172 Clark conversion obtains iαAnd iβ, then in Park changer 173 Park conversion and obtain three-phase windings electric current at rotor magnetic Actual component i on the d axle of poledAnd the actual component i on rotor magnetic pole q axleq, will be at rotor magnetic pole d by subtractor 174 Given component on axleWith actual component idMake difference one PID regulator 176 of feeding and obtain ud, will be by subtractor 175 Given component on rotor magnetic pole q axleWith actual component iqMake difference another PID regulator 177 of feeding and obtain uq, by difference udWith And uqThe component of voltage u obtained needed for A phase winding α axle is converted by the anti-Park of anti-Park changerαAnd A phase winding β Component of voltage u needed for axleβ, by uα、uβIt is sent to SVPWM pulse-modulator and produces corresponding pwm pulse feeding three-phase bridge Formula inverter 12, controls the corresponding metal-oxide-semiconductor ON time of three-phase bridge type converter 12, makes three-phase windings electric current at rotor magnetic pole Actual component i on d axledAnd the actual component i on rotor magnetic pole q axleqFollow given component respectivelyWithNow in phase Answering under the effect of magnetic field force, brshless DC motor 10 rotor fixed position, to B phase winding position, now, then passes through level detector The level numerical value of 3 signal line outputs of detection hall position sensor, the holding wire of output low level signal is B phase Hall Holding wire;
(3) after determining A phase hall signal line and B phase hall signal line by above step, remaining 1 hall signal Line is C phase hall signal line.
It should be noted that owing to first determining whether A phase hall signal line and B phase hall signal line in the present embodiment, therefore exist Step (1) and two the different rotor space positions being respectively provided with rotor magnetic pole d axle relative stator A phase winding α axle in (2) Angle setting, can first determine whether any two hall signal lines in practical operation, only need to arrange rotor magnetic pole d axle relative stator A Two corresponding different rotor space position angles of phase winding α axle, are not limited with the present embodiment.
Summary, the detection method of the brshless DC motor Hall phase sequence of the present invention, step is simple, and whole process is without changing Any wiring, it is possible to the brshless DC motor stall effectively preventing random wiring from causing burns out, and is equivalent to commonly by brshless DC motor Direct current generator, controls simple;Introduce closed-loop current control, use given load current value, both can prevent brshless DC motor from existing The situation that when being connected to load, actual current value deficiency, rotor torque cannot position not, can prevent again the excessive stator of actual current value Insulating barrier is burned, and substantially increases the reliability of detection method.
Above example is only the technological thought that the present invention is described, it is impossible to limit protection scope of the present invention with this, every according to this The technological thought that invention proposes, any change done on the basis of technical scheme, within each falling within scope.

Claims (9)

1. the detection method of a brshless DC motor Hall phase sequence, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
(1) three-phase stator winding of definition brshless DC motor is respectively A, B, C phase winding, respectively with three-phase bridge type inverse 3 outfans of device connect, and the given value of current value of setting brshless DC motor three-phase windings and rotor magnetic pole d axle are relative to A phase One rotor space position angle of winding α axle, is measured the current actual value of three-phase windings, and is converted and Park by corresponding Clark Conversion obtains the current actual value after three-phase windings conversion, by poor for the current actual value after described given value of current value and described conversion, The difference obtained exports, to control described three-phase bridge after sequentially passing through PID regulation, anti-Park conversion, SVPWM impulse modulation The ON time of corresponding metal-oxide-semiconductor in formula inverter so that the current actual value after described conversion follows described given value of current value, Rotor fixed position is made to arrive described A phase winding under the action of a magnetic force, by the electricity of detection Hall element each signal line output Flat height is so that it is determined that corresponding A phase hall signal line;
(2) given value of current value and the rotor magnetic pole d axle relative stator A phase winding α of brshless DC motor three-phase windings are reset Another rotor space position angle of axle, is measured the current actual value of three-phase windings, and is become by corresponding Clark conversion and Park Get the current actual value after the conversion of described three-phase windings in return, the current actual value after described given value of current value and described conversion is made Difference, the difference obtained exports, to control described three after sequentially passing through PID regulation, anti-Park conversion, SVPWM impulse modulation The ON time of corresponding metal-oxide-semiconductor in phase bridge-type inverter so that the current actual value after described conversion follows described given value of current Value, makes rotor fixed position arrive described B phase winding under the action of a magnetic force, is exported by the detection each signal line of Hall element Level height so that it is determined that corresponding B phase hall signal line;
(3) after determining A phase hall signal line and B phase hall signal line respectively by (1) and (2) step, remaining 1 Bar hall signal line is C phase hall signal line.
The detection method of a kind of brshless DC motor Hall phase sequence the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described step (1), in, the described given value of current value given component on rotor magnetic pole d axle is 0, the given component on rotor magnetic pole q axle For load current value, the described rotor space position angle of described rotor magnetic pole d axle relative stator A phase winding α axle is-90 °;Institute State the current actual value after conversion and be included in the actual component on described rotor magnetic pole d axle and on described rotor magnetic pole q axle Actual component.
The detection method of a kind of brshless DC motor Hall phase sequence the most as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: described step (1), in, current sensor is utilized to measure the current actual value of described A, B, C phase winding respectively;Subtractor is utilized respectively will Given value of current component on described rotor magnetic pole d axle, q axle is poor with the actual component of electric current;Level detector is utilized to detect suddenly The level numerical value of output in each signal line of your sensor.
The detection method of a kind of brshless DC motor Hall phase sequence the most as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: described step (1), in, in each signal line of described Hall element, the holding wire of output low level signal is A phase hall signal line.
The detection method of a kind of brshless DC motor Hall phase sequence the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described step (2), in, the described given value of current value given component on described rotor magnetic pole d axle is 0, on described rotor magnetic pole q axle Given component is load current value, another rotor space position described of described rotor magnetic pole d axle relative stator A phase winding α axle Angle is 30 °;Current actual value after described conversion is included in the actual component on described rotor magnetic pole d axle and at described rotor Actual component on magnetic pole q axle.
The detection method of a kind of brshless DC motor Hall phase sequence the most as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: described step (2), in, current sensor is utilized to measure the current actual value of described A, B, C phase winding respectively;Subtractor is utilized respectively will Given value of current component on described rotor magnetic pole d axle, q axle is poor with the actual component of electric current;Level detector is utilized to detect suddenly The level numerical value of each signal line output of your sensor.
The detection method of a kind of brshless DC motor Hall phase sequence the most as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that: described step (2), in, in each signal line of described Hall element, the holding wire of output low level signal is B phase hall signal line.
8. realize a detection device for the detection method of brshless DC motor Hall phase sequence as claimed in claim 1, be used for detecting The output order of the three-phase signal line of Hall element in brshless DC motor;It is characterized in that: described device include DC source, Three-phase bridge type converter, Hall element, three current sensors, controller and level detector, wherein, DC source with Three-phase bridge type converter is in parallel, and the outfan of three-phase bridge type converter connects A, B, C three-phase windings of brshless DC motor, suddenly The input of your sensor connects the stator of described brshless DC motor, and the outfan of Hall element connects level detector; The input of three current sensors is connected in the A phase winding of brshless DC motor, B phase winding and C phase winding, defeated Go out end and connect controller the most respectively;The outfan of described controller connects the grid of 6 metal-oxide-semiconductors of three-phase bridge type converter respectively Pole, thus control the conducting of corresponding metal-oxide-semiconductor.
The detection device of a kind of brshless DC motor Hall phase sequence the most as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that: described control Device includes initial value setting apparatus, Clark changer, Park changer, two subtractors, two PID regulator, anti-Park Changer and SVPWM pulse-modulator;The input of described Clark changer is all connected with described three current sensors Outfan, the outfan of described Clark changer connects the input of described Park changer, the output of described Park changer The outfan of end and described initial value setting apparatus is connected to the input of said two subtractor, the output of said two subtractor End is connected respectively to the input of corresponding PID regulator, the outfan of said two PID regulator be connected to described instead The input of Park changer, the outfan of described anti-Park changer is connected to the input of described SVPWM pulse-modulator, The outfan of described SVPWM pulse-modulator connects the grid of 6 metal-oxide-semiconductors of three-phase bridge type converter respectively.
CN201610296677.3A 2016-05-06 2016-05-06 A kind of detection method and device of brshless DC motor Hall phase sequence Active CN105974213B (en)

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