CN1059693A - Ground effect has the height controller of wing means of delivery - Google Patents

Ground effect has the height controller of wing means of delivery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1059693A
CN1059693A CN 90107655 CN90107655A CN1059693A CN 1059693 A CN1059693 A CN 1059693A CN 90107655 CN90107655 CN 90107655 CN 90107655 A CN90107655 A CN 90107655A CN 1059693 A CN1059693 A CN 1059693A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
delivery
water surface
fuselage
ground effect
wing
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Pending
Application number
CN 90107655
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Chinese (zh)
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大迫富重
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to CN 90107655 priority Critical patent/CN1059693A/en
Publication of CN1059693A publication Critical patent/CN1059693A/en
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Abstract

A kind of utilization is created in fuselage, the ground effect of the very low height flight above the water surface of the ground effect between the wing and the water surface has the height controller of wing means of delivery, comprise the sensor that contacts with the water surface all the time under sail, it reaches the range data between the water surface and the fuselage maneuvering system of means of delivery; Mechanically connect sensor and means of delivery and connecting device; Elevating rudder by maneuvering system control fly means of delivery according to the range data work that sensor sends under the condition that keeps constant distance between the water surface and the fuselage.Sensor can be located in the floating body on the water surface, but and mechanical connecting device can be telescopic boom or warp metal wool.

Description

Ground effect has the height controller of wing means of delivery
The present invention relates to utilize the height controller that wing means of delivery (ground effect has wing means of delivery) arranged of ground effect operation.Particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of like this height controller that wing means of delivery is arranged, it utilizes the ground effect that is created between its fuselage wing and the water surface in very low height flight.This device makes thisly has wing means of delivery might put the ship that meets Japanese relevant laws and regulation under.
At present, except traditional terrain transportation device, also have various conveying arrangements to be used for transporting passenger and goods,, comprise various ships and air transport device, comprise aircraft, autogyro and dirigible as means of water transport.Resembling the so seabound country of Japan, waterborne and air transport device plays important effect to linking up continent and remote island.
As everyone knows, large vessel once can be transported a large amount of passengers and goods, but running velocity is slower.As the method that overcomes above-mentioned defective, multiple scheme was once arranged, replace traditional propeller propelling unit as adopting jet propeller as the propulsive mechanism of ship, extra impeller is provided or designs twin hull construction to overcome wave resistance.Even above-mentioned its running velocity of improved ship is still far below aircraft.
On the other hand, though aircraft speed is very fast, the quantity of contained passenger and goods is restricted greatly.For this reason, designed the transportation that multiple large aircraft carries out the heavy amount, wherein, manyly put into effect.But, the generally difficult design of this large aircraft and need high energy consumption.And it is strictly many more than ship that they are subjected to the restriction of safety law, and this is because their fly in the high-altitude.
Current, drafted different schemes in a lot of fields to realize a kind of new conveying arrangement, it has the high-speed maneuverability two-fold advantage of the high transport capacity and the aircraft of ship.In these schemes, comprise the known technology that is commonly referred to as " air cushion machinery ".This technology utilizes aircraft when very low height flight, the high pressure air pad that between fuselage, wing and ground or the water surface, produces, and this effect is called " ground effect ".And above-mentioned ground effect has wing means of delivery to be mainly used to height flight very low on the water surface usually, on sea or lake surface.But this effect is called ground effect rather than water surface effect traditionally.Ground effect has wing means of delivery to be also referred to as " the ground effect wing " (following simply is WIG sometimes).
Utilize the means of delivery of above-mentioned ground effect, comprise various WIG, all be called ground effect machinery (GEMS) or air cushion vehicle (ACVs), air cushion vehicle is divided into two classes: aerostatics system and aerodynamics system.Last type relates to the conveying arrangement that is called hovercraft or aerial automobile, wherein, with high pressure gas mandatory infeed device body bottom and water () space between the face and by the outer rim of above-mentioned means of delivery or side walls enclose, and then make it leave the water surface a little the body lifting.Then one type relates to the WIG itself that we discuss, and it resembles flies the aircraft and utilize the lift that produces when flying forward and be divided into punching press aerofoil profile, concentrated flow type and seabird type according to its profile on wing.
The ground effect wing is born its huge load by the lift of the increase that ground effect produces, thereby greatly reduces consumption of fuel, and can keep a very little distance between the water surface and fuselage in very low height flight.These features make the possibility of the danger of contingency generation reduce to minimum, and make WIG become a kind of safe means of delivery.Like this, the ground effect wing can be used as a kind of transportation means of plying that at full speed transports the best of passenger and goods between continent and remote island with the heavy amount.
The ground effect wing is included into the category of aircraft basically, that is, it floats in the air flight forward and does not contact with the ground or the water surface.Fuselage and wing only and between the water surface (ground) leave such distance, that is, make it be enough to obtain above-mentioned ground effect.Japan Airlines' method is defined as aerocraft that " aircraft, rotary-wing aircraft, aerodone, dirigible or other aircraft can be used to meet the aviation flight of government regulations." therefore, the ground effect wing is decided to be aerocraft by Japan Airlines' rules, makes the driving qualification of chaufeur and to other requirements of the ground effect wing, as service with check the keeping under strict supervision close inspection that all is subjected to the strict demand the same and is subjected to competent authorities with aircraft.
As mentioned above, because its legal status as aircraft, the ground effect wing is different with ship, and it can not handle and move it in the face of jural obstacle easily.
Yet, comprise Japan in many countries, to the legal restrictions of ship than the aircraft pine many, about the service of the qualification that obtains driver permit and requirement, ship with check also not too strict.If the ground effect wing can be treated as ship legally, then be expected to come as above-mentioned transportation means of plying is universal in the Japan and the whole world.
Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of improved device of argument according to the above-mentioned relevant ground effect wing, its can at high speed transports a large amount of passengers and goods and meets the regulation of relevant ship in Japan Airlines' method, even the ground effect wing is treated as " ship " legally, this is to be connected and auto-flare system by its fuselage being utilized some concrete device remain with the water surface, realizes to prevent dried up of its free flight.
For overcoming the problems referred to above and reaching the object of the invention, the invention provides a kind of ground effect has the height controller of wing means of delivery (WIG), this WIG very low height above the water surface flies, and utilizes the ground effect that produces between fuselage, wing and the water surface to make the distance between it very little.Above-mentioned height controller comprises:
A sensor of awing keeping in touch with the water surface all the time, it provides the system of the data of distance between the relevant water surface and the fuselage with the control means of delivery;
Sensor is mechanically connected to connecting device on the means of delivery;
Elevating rudder by maneuvering system control carry out work according to the data about distance between the water surface and the fuselage that sensor sends, and makes this means of delivery fly under the condition that keeps constant distance between the water surface and the fuselage.
As mentioned above, because the height controller that is used for ground effect and has wing means of delivery of the present invention has a device that mechanical connection between the water surface and the fuselage is provided, this means of delivery is connected with the water surface in fact all the time, so, it can be regarded " ship " rather than aircraft legally, for example in Japan.Therefore, can be applicable to ground effect fully about the legal provisions of ship (comparison aircraft pine many) wing means of delivery is arranged.Like this, make its easier acquisition drive qualification and satisfy other conditions, as service and inspection.In addition, because ground effect of the present invention has the wing means of delivery can be with the best that connects continent and remote island transportation means of plying, it just is expected to popularize in Japan and even the whole world comes.
Under sail, when the ground effect has the height of wing means of delivery to be higher than predetermined value, in maneuvering system, import an instruction, make elevating rudder that fuselage is remained on desired height automatically according to the data of sensor.Therefore, ground effect might there be the route speed of wing means of delivery to be controlled at 200 kilometers/hour to 500 kilometers/hour, and need not considers the problem of wave size and wave resistance fully.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 have schematically shown the embodiment that ground effect has the height controller of wing means of delivery that is used for of the present invention.
Because it is well-known that the ground effect that reference number 10 is represented among Fig. 1 has wing means of delivery, so it is not described in detail at this.Means of delivery 10 has an exsertile multistage telescopiform arm 12 that is installed in its fuselage bottom, and this arm is tilted to down extension from fuselage afterbody.The upper end of arm 12 is fixed to and utilizes hydraulic pressure, on the regulating mechanism as oil pressure.Under adjustment state, arm 12 is tilted to down and stretches out, and wing means of delivery is floating to be docked in when waterborne when the ground effect has, and arm 12 is punctured into the shortest size.When means of delivery 10 starting and utilize ground effect when the water surface rises, 12 on arm can stretch out downwards from the fuselage afterbody wing drop.
The other end of arm 12 is provided with a buoyancy aid 16, and when means of delivery 10 navigated by water or berths, it swam on the water surface all the time.Have a sensor 20 in the buoyancy aid 16, be used for detecting distance and the 18 fed distance data of the maneuvering system in means of delivery 10 between the fuselage of the water surface and means of delivery 10.Can select different operating principles and work system according to concrete shape, as laser distance measuring system, ultrasonic system plays shortwave system or capacitive system and is applied to sensor 20 enterprising row distances detections.Arm 12 is as the device of the mechanical connection means of delivery 10 and the water surface, but also can adopt inversely winding type metal wool or same device to replace.

Claims (3)

1, a kind of ground effect has the height controller of wing means of delivery (10), this means of delivery utilization is created in the ground effect between fuselage, wing and the water surface, height very low above the water surface flies, and makes and has only very little distance therebetween, and this height controller comprises;
The sensor (20) of keeping in touch with the water surface all the time under sail, it reaches the range data between the water surface and the fuselage maneuvering system (18) of means of delivery (10);
The connecting device (12) that mechanically connects sensor (20) and means of delivery (10);
Elevating rudder by maneuvering system (18) control carry out work according to the data about distance between the water surface and the fuselage that sensor (20) sends, and means of delivery (10) is flown under the condition that keeps constant distance between the water surface and the fuselage.
2, according to the device of claim 1, wherein, sensor (20) is located in the buoyancy aid (16) that swims on the water surface.
3, according to the device of claim 1, wherein, the mechanical connecting device that connects sensor (20) and means of delivery (10) comprises exsertile intussusception arm.
CN 90107655 1990-09-12 1990-09-12 Ground effect has the height controller of wing means of delivery Pending CN1059693A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 90107655 CN1059693A (en) 1990-09-12 1990-09-12 Ground effect has the height controller of wing means of delivery

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 90107655 CN1059693A (en) 1990-09-12 1990-09-12 Ground effect has the height controller of wing means of delivery

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1059693A true CN1059693A (en) 1992-03-25

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CN 90107655 Pending CN1059693A (en) 1990-09-12 1990-09-12 Ground effect has the height controller of wing means of delivery

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102837824A (en) * 2012-09-21 2012-12-26 中国航空无线电电子研究所 Dampening control device of overwater flight aircraft and method of dampening control device
CN106708067A (en) * 2016-12-22 2017-05-24 中国科学院自动化研究所 Multi-rotor autonomous rising and landing control method considering ground effect and apparatus thereof
CN111650966A (en) * 2020-06-22 2020-09-11 成都航空职业技术学院 Ground effect suppression method for rotor unmanned aerial vehicle

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102837824A (en) * 2012-09-21 2012-12-26 中国航空无线电电子研究所 Dampening control device of overwater flight aircraft and method of dampening control device
CN102837824B (en) * 2012-09-21 2015-05-06 中国航空无线电电子研究所 Dampening control device of overwater flight aircraft and method of dampening control device
CN106708067A (en) * 2016-12-22 2017-05-24 中国科学院自动化研究所 Multi-rotor autonomous rising and landing control method considering ground effect and apparatus thereof
CN111650966A (en) * 2020-06-22 2020-09-11 成都航空职业技术学院 Ground effect suppression method for rotor unmanned aerial vehicle

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C03 Withdrawal of patent application (patent law 1993)
WD01 Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication