CN105966602B - a drone - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a novel unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), comprising a frame, a landing gear, a motor, a propeller, and a shock-absorbing base; the landing gear is located at the center position directly below the frame and is connected to the frame; the number of the motor, propeller, and shock-absorbing base is six; the bottom end of the motor is fixed above the bracket, the propeller is mounted on the motor main shaft, and the shock-absorbing base is fixed below the bracket. The present invention is applicable to takeoff and landing in mountainous areas or on uneven ground as well as on flat ground, and has strong applicability and good shock-absorbing effect; and by adopting a support device to compensate for the height difference caused by the uneven ground, the present invention can land smoothly on the uneven ground, avoiding the phenomenon that the UAV is damaged or broken due to emergency landing in mountainous areas or on uneven ground.

Description

a drone

technical field

The invention relates to the field of unmanned aerial vehicles, specifically an unmanned aerial vehicle.

Background technique

Aircraft is an instrumental flying object manufactured by humans, capable of flying off the ground, flying in space and controlled by humans in the atmosphere or in space outside the atmosphere (space). Aircraft are divided into aircraft, spacecraft, rockets, missiles and guided weapons UAV is also a kind of aircraft. UAV is an unmanned aircraft controlled by radio remote control equipment and its own program control device. From a technical point of view, it can be divided into unmanned helicopters, unmanned fixed-wing aircraft, and unmanned aircraft. Multi-rotor aircraft, unmanned airships and unmanned parawing aircraft, etc.; can be divided into military and civilian use according to the application field, and military drones are divided into reconnaissance aircraft and target drones; at present, drones can be widely used in national ecology Environmental protection, aerial photography, surveying and mapping, mineral resource exploration, disaster monitoring, traffic patrol, power line inspection, public security monitoring, emergency disaster reduction, emergency command, artificial rainfall, national defense security, land and resource exploration, town planning, earthquake investigation, environmental monitoring, Forest fire prevention, crop production estimation, wild animal monitoring in protected areas, atmospheric sampling, maritime reconnaissance, border patrol, anti-drug reconnaissance, fire reconnaissance, ecological environment protection, marine environment monitoring, land use investigation, water resource development, crop growth monitoring and production estimation, agriculture Operations, natural disaster monitoring and assessment, urban planning and municipal management, forest pest protection and monitoring, digital city and other fields.

Multi-rotor UAV is a kind of UAV. Multi-rotor UAV has the advantages of compact structure, small size, strong popularity, flexible movement and stable flight. It is widely used in civilian and military applications, and is very popular among the public. Welcome; but at present, multi-rotor UAVs need to land after flying for a certain period of time due to their short battery life, so as to replace batteries and replenish energy. The aircraft cannot take off and land in mountainous areas or uneven areas, and it often happens that the drones crash or break due to emergency landings in mountainous areas or uneven areas. In view of this, the present invention provides an unmanned aerial vehicle.

Contents of the invention

In order to make up for the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides an unmanned aerial vehicle.

The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are realized by adopting the following technical solutions.

An unmanned aerial vehicle, including a frame, a landing gear, a motor, a propeller, and a shock-absorbing base; Disc-shaped structure, and the middle part of the frame is evenly opened with a fan-shaped material reduction port along the central axis of the frame, and six brackets are symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the frame along the central axis of the frame. The fan-shaped material reduction port and the bar-shaped material reduction port are set to reduce the weight of the frame; the number of the motor, propeller and shock-absorbing base is six, the bottom end of the motor is fixed above the bracket, and the propeller is installed on the motor shaft. The shock-absorbing base is fixed under the bracket.

Further, the landing gear includes a landing plate, a storage box, a support device and an opening and closing device; the landing plate is in a square structure, and the left and right sides of the landing plate are respectively symmetrically provided with decks, and the decks The cross-section is "Ω"-shaped structure, and the card seat is used for fixing between the landing gear and the frame, and the card seat adopting the "Ω"-shaped structure is convenient for the installation and disassembly of the landing gear; the storage box is fixed on the landing gear. On the bottom surface of the board, the storage box is composed of an outer frame and an inner frame, and the outer frame and the inner frame form a connected "back"-shaped storage tank, and the space in the inner frame is used for battery installation; the number of supporting devices described is 4. The support device is arranged in sequence from the end to the outer frame and the inner frame to form a connected "back"-shaped storage tank; the number of opening and closing devices is two, and the opening and closing devices are symmetrically arranged at the lower end of the storage box.

Further, the shock absorbing base includes a shock absorbing seat and a shock absorbing spring; the shock absorbing seat has a trapezoidal structure, the upper end of the shock absorbing seat is provided with an upper guide column, and the lower end of the shock absorbing seat is provided with a round rod. The middle part is provided with a crosspiece, the crosspiece is provided with a lower guide column, and the upper guide column and the lower guide column are located on the same straight line, and the two ends of the damping spring are respectively wrapped around the upper guide column and the lower guide column. When taking off or landing on a flat ground, the landing gear can be retracted without use, and the shock-absorbing base directly acts as the landing gear, and the shock-absorbing base reduces the vibration of the present invention when landing and landing, effectively protecting the landing of the present invention time security and stability.

Further, the supporting device includes a rotating motor, a motor base, a rotating shaft, a bearing, an electric push rod, a support rod, a supporting foot, a shock absorbing spring, and a sensor; the rotating motor is installed in the storage box through the motor base, One end of the rotating shaft is connected with the main shaft of the rotating motor, the other end of the rotating shaft is installed on the inner wall of the storage box through a bearing, the upper end of the electric push rod is connected with the middle of the rotating shaft, the lower end of the electric push rod is connected with one end of the support rod, and the other end of the support rod is connected The feet are connected, the shock-absorbing spring is wrapped around the support rod, the sensor is installed on the outer wall of the support foot, the rotation of the rotating motor drives the rotation of the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the electric push rod, thereby driving the electric push rod Rotate with the rotating shaft as the rotation center. When the electric push rod rotates to be perpendicular to the storage box, stop the rotation of the rotating motor and start the elongation movement of the electric push rod. Since the sensor is installed on the support foot, and the sensor uses an infrared sensor , when the electric push rod touches the ground, the electric push rod stops the elongation movement. In the present invention, the number of supporting devices is four. The elongation length is different, thereby making up for the height difference caused by the uneven ground, so that the present invention can land smoothly on the uneven ground, and the vibration of the present invention when landing is reduced by the shock-absorbing spring.

Further, the opening and closing device includes a cover plate, a slider, an electric guide rail and a limit block; sliders are symmetrically installed on the front and rear sides of the cover plate, and the electric guide rails are respectively fixed on the front and rear outer walls of the storage box , and the left and right ends of the electric guide rail are respectively fixed with limit blocks, the slider is installed on the electric guide rail, and the electric guide rail drives the slider to move left and right, thereby driving the movement of the cover plate, realizing the opening and closing effect of the cover plate, the opening and closing device Protects the supporting device.

Further, the upper end of the support foot is provided with a sleeve, the inside of the sleeve is provided with internal threads, the lower end of the support rod is provided with external threads, the support rod and the sleeve of the support foot are threaded, and the lower end of the support foot is provided with There are supporting feet, and the supporting feet are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the supporting feet, and the supporting feet are wedge-shaped structures.

When the UAV needs to land and land while flying in mountainous areas or areas with uneven ground, first start the electric guide rail, and drive the slider to move to the left and right sides through the electric guide rail, thereby driving the cover to move to the left and right sides, realizing the opening and closing The closing device is opened; then the rotating motor is started, and the rotation of the rotating shaft is driven by the rotation of the rotating motor, and the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the electric push rod, thereby driving the electric push rod to rotate with the rotating shaft as the center of rotation. When the electric push rod rotates to When it is perpendicular to the storage box, stop the rotation of the rotating motor and start the elongation movement of the electric push rod. Since the sensor is installed on the support foot, and the sensor uses an infrared sensor, when the electric push rod touches the ground, the electric push rod stops Elongation movement. In the present invention, the number of supporting devices is four. When the present invention lands on a mountainous area or a site with uneven ground, the elongation length of the electric push rod is different, thereby making up for the unevenness of the site. Due to the height difference, the present invention can land stably on the uneven ground, and the vibration of the present invention when landing is reduced by the shock absorbing spring, which avoids the emergency landing of the drone to the mountainous area or the uneven ground. Some places cause the UAV to break or be damaged; when the UAV lands and replenishes the power energy to take off, put away the support device and close the opening and closing device, the opening and closing device protects the support device, when the UAV is in the When landing on a flat ground, the landing gear can be retracted without use, and the shock-absorbing base directly acts as the landing gear, and the shock-absorbing base reduces the vibration of the present invention when landing, effectively protecting the safety of the present invention when landing sex and stability.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

(1) The present invention can be applied to take-off and landing in mountainous areas or on uneven and flat ground at the same time, and has strong applicability and good shock absorption effect.

(2) The present invention makes up for the height difference caused by the unevenness of the site by using the support device, so that the present invention can land smoothly on the uneven site, avoiding the emergency landing of the drone to the mountainous area or the unevenness of the site. Some places lead to the phenomenon that the drone is broken or damaged.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram when frame of the present invention, motor, propeller and damping base cooperate;

Fig. 3 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of landing gear of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of landing gear (not including opening and closing device) of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the bottom view of landing gear of the present invention (not including opening and closing device);

Fig. 6 is a three-dimensional structural schematic view of the supporting device of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic perspective view of the three-dimensional structure of the shock-absorbing foot seat of the present invention.

detailed description

In order to make the technical means, creative features, goals and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific illustrations.

As shown in Figure 1, an unmanned aerial vehicle includes a frame 1, a landing gear 2, a motor 3, a propeller 4 and a shock-absorbing base 5; the landing gear 2 is located at the center directly below the frame 1, and The landing gear 2 is connected with the frame 1, the middle part of the frame 1 has a disc-shaped structure, and the middle part of the frame 1 is evenly opened with a fan-shaped material reduction port along the central axis of the frame 1, and the outer side of the frame 1 is along the center of the frame 1. The axes are respectively symmetrically provided with six brackets, and a strip-shaped material reduction port is provided on the support, and the weight of the frame 1 is reduced by setting the fan-shaped material reduction port and the strip-shaped material reduction port; the motor 3, the propeller 4 and the shock absorber The number of bases 5 is six, the bottom of the motor 3 is fixed above the support, the propeller 4 is installed on the main shaft of the motor 3, and the shock-absorbing base 5 is fixed below the support.

As shown in Figures 3 to 7, the landing gear 2 includes a landing plate 21, a storage box 22, a support device 23 and an opening and closing device 24; the landing plate 21 is a square structure, and the left and right sides of the landing plate 21 The sides are respectively symmetrically provided with decks, and the cross-section of the decks has an "Ω"-shaped structure, and the decks are used for fixing between the landing gear 2 and the frame 1, and the decks with the "Ω"-shaped structure are convenient Installation and disassembly of the landing gear 2; the storage box 22 is fixed on the bottom surface of the landing plate 21, the storage box 22 is composed of an outer frame and an inner frame, and the outer frame and the inner frame form a connected "back" shape The storage tank, the space in the inner frame is used for the installation of the battery; the number of the supporting devices 23 is four, and the supporting devices 23 are arranged in sequence in the "back"-shaped storage tank formed by the outer frame and the inner frame; The number of opening and closing devices 24 is two, and the opening and closing devices 24 are symmetrically arranged at the lower end of the storage box 22 .

As shown in Figure 2, the shock absorbing base 5 includes a shock absorbing seat 51 and a shock absorbing spring 52; the shock absorbing seat 51 is in a trapezoidal structure, and the upper end of the shock absorbing seat 51 is provided with an upper guide column, and the shock absorbing seat 51 is provided with an upper guide column. The lower end of the 51 is provided with a round rod, the middle part of the damping seat 51 is provided with a crosspiece, the crosspiece is provided with a lower guide post, and the upper guide post and the lower guide post are located on the same straight line, and the two ends of the shock absorption spring 52 are respectively wrapped around the On the upper guide column and the lower guide column, when the present invention takes off or lands on flat land, the landing gear 2 can be contracted without use, and the shock-absorbing base 5 directly acts as the effect of the landing gear 2, and the shock-absorbing base 5 reduces the cost of the landing gear. The vibration during the landing of the invention effectively protects the safety and stability of the invention when landing.

As shown in Figures 3 to 7, the support device 23 includes a rotating motor 231, a motor base 232, a rotating shaft 233, a bearing 234, an electric push rod 235, a support rod 236, a support foot 237, a shock absorbing spring 238 and a sensor 239; the rotating motor 231 is installed in the storage box 22 through the motor base 232, one end of the rotating shaft 233 is connected with the main shaft of the rotating motor 231, and the other end of the rotating shaft 233 is installed on the inner side wall of the storage box 22 through the bearing 234, and the electric push The upper end of the rod 235 is connected with the middle part of the rotating shaft 233, the lower end of the electric push rod 235 is connected with one end of the support rod 236, the other end of the support rod 236 is connected with the support foot 237, the shock absorbing spring 238 is wrapped around the support rod 236, and the sensor 239 is installed On the outer sidewall of the support foot 237, the rotation of the rotating shaft 233 is driven by the rotation of the rotating motor 231, and the rotating shaft 233 is fixedly connected with the electric push rod 235, thereby driving the electric push rod 235 to rotate with the rotating shaft 233 as the center of rotation. When the electric push rod 235 rotates to be perpendicular to the storage box 22, the rotation of the rotary motor 231 is stopped, and the elongation motion of the start electric push rod 235 is installed. When the electric push rod 235 touches the ground, the electric push rod 235 stops the elongation motion. In the present invention, the number of supporting devices 23 is four. The elongation length of 235 is not the same, thereby making up for the height difference caused by the unevenness of the field, so that the present invention can land smoothly on the uneven field, and the vibration of the present invention when landing is reduced by the shock absorbing spring 238 sex.

As shown in Figure 3, the opening and closing device 24 includes a cover plate 241, a slider 242, an electric guide rail 243 and a limit block 244; 243 are respectively fixed on the front and rear outer sidewalls of the storage box 22, and the left and right ends of the electric guide rail 243 are respectively fixed with limit blocks 244, and the slide block 242 is installed on the electric guide rail 243, and the left and right movement of the slide block 242 is driven by the electric guide rail 243. Thus, the movement of the cover plate 241 is driven to realize the opening and closing effect of the cover plate 241 , and the opening and closing device 24 plays a protective role for the supporting device 23 .

As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, the upper end of the support foot 237 is provided with a sleeve, the inside of the sleeve is provided with an internal thread, and the lower end of the support rod is provided with an external thread, between the support rod and the sleeve of the support foot 237 For threaded connection, the lower end of the supporting foot 237 is provided with supporting feet, and the supporting feet are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the supporting foot 237, and the supporting feet are wedge-shaped.

When the UAV needs to land and land while flying in mountainous areas or areas with uneven ground, first start the electric guide rail 243, and drive the slider 242 to move to the left and right sides through the electric guide rail 243, thereby driving the cover plate 241 to move to the left and right sides , to realize the opening of the opening and closing device 24; then start the rotating motor 231, the rotation of the rotating shaft 233 is driven by the rotation of the rotating motor 231, and the rotating shaft 233 is fixedly connected with the electric push rod 235, thereby driving the electric push rod 235 with the rotating shaft 233 Rotate for the center of rotation, when the electric push rod 235 rotates to be perpendicular to the storage box 22, stop the rotation of the rotating motor 231, start the elongation motion of the electric push rod 235, because the sensor 239 is installed on the support foot 237, and Sensor 239 adopts an infrared sensor. When electric push rod 235 touches the ground, electric push rod 235 stops elongation motion. In the present invention, the number of supporting devices 23 is four. When landing, the elongation length of the electric push rod 235 is not the same, thereby making up for the height difference caused by the uneven ground, so that the present invention can land smoothly on the uneven ground, and the shock absorbing spring 238 reduces the The vibration of the present invention when landing; when the UAV lands and supplements the power energy to take off, the support device 23 is put away, and the opening and closing device 24 is closed. When landing on flat ground, the undercarriage 2 can be contracted without use, and the shock-absorbing base 5 directly acts as the effect of the undercarriage 2, and the shock-absorbing base 5 reduces the vibration of the present invention when landing and effectively protects the present invention. Safety and stability when landing.

The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and the descriptions in the above-mentioned embodiments and the specification only illustrate the principles of the present invention, and without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will also There are various changes and improvements which fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (4)

1. A kind of unmanned aerial vehicle, it is characterized in that: comprise frame, landing gear, motor, propeller and shock-absorbing base; Described landing gear is positioned at the central position directly below frame, and landing gear is connected with frame , the middle part of the rack has a disc-shaped structure, and the middle part of the rack is evenly opened with a fan-shaped material reduction port along the central axis of the rack. shaped material reducing port; the number of motors, propellers and shock-absorbing bases is six, the bottom of the motor is fixed above the support, the propeller is installed on the motor shaft, and the shock-absorbing base is fixed below the support; wherein: The landing gear includes a landing plate, a storage box, a support device and an opening and closing device; the landing plate is a square structure, and the left and right sides of the landing plate are respectively symmetrically provided with decks, and the cross-section of the decks It has an "Ω"-shaped structure; the storage box is fixed on the bottom surface of the lift plate, the storage box is composed of an outer frame and an inner frame, and the outer frame and the inner frame form a connected "back"-shaped storage tank; The number of supporting devices is four, and the supporting devices are arranged head to tail in sequence in the connected "back"-shaped storage tank surrounded by the outer frame and the inner frame; the number of the opening and closing devices is two, and the opening and closing devices are symmetrically arranged in the storage tank. Put the bottom of the box; The shock-absorbing base includes a shock-absorbing seat and a shock-absorbing spring; the shock-absorbing seat has a trapezoidal structure, the upper end of the shock-absorbing seat is provided with an upper guide column, the lower end of the shock-absorbing seat is provided with a round rod, and the middle of the shock-absorbing seat is provided with a There is a crosspiece, the crosspiece is provided with a lower guide column, and the upper guide column and the lower guide column are located on the same straight line, and the two ends of the damping spring are respectively wrapped around the upper guide column and the lower guide column. 2. A kind of unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described supporting device comprises rotating motor, motor base, rotating shaft, bearing, electric push rod, support bar, support foot seat, shock-absorbing spring and Sensor; the rotating motor is installed in the storage box through the motor base, one end of the rotating shaft is connected with the main shaft of the rotating motor, the other end of the rotating shaft is installed on the inner wall of the storage box through a bearing, and the upper end of the electric push rod is connected with the middle of the rotating shaft. The lower end of the electric push rod is connected with one end of the support rod, the other end of the support rod is connected with the support foot, the shock-absorbing spring is wrapped around the support rod, and the sensor is installed on the outer wall of the support foot. 3. An unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the opening and closing device includes a cover plate, a slider, an electric guide rail and a limit block; the front and rear sides of the cover plate are respectively symmetrically installed There are slide blocks, and the electric guide rails are respectively fixed on the front and rear outer walls of the storage box, and the left and right ends of the electric guide rails are respectively fixed with limit blocks, and the slide blocks are installed on the electric guide rails. 4. A kind of unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper end of the support foot is provided with a sleeve, the inside of the sleeve is provided with an internal thread, the lower end of the support rod is provided with an external thread, and the support rod and The sleeves of the supporting feet are threaded, the lower end of the supporting feet is provided with supporting feet, and the supporting feet are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the supporting feet, and the supporting feet are wedge-shaped.