CN105963582A - 一种治疗糖尿病的中药制剂及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗糖尿病的中药制剂及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗糖尿病的中药制剂及制备方法,属中药领域;本发明中药制剂有效成分的原料组成为:白接骨、菠菜、乌榄、香胶木、仙人草、棣棠花、小蓟、麦饭石、椿叶、桑椹、软皮树、梨皮、凉粉草、螺旋藻、芦根和薏苡根;本发明中药制剂所选药材配伍相宜,符合中医药学和现代医药学理论,并具有清热利尿、降低血糖、平肝益肾之功效,对治疗糖尿病具有独特疗效,且疗效显著,服用方便,疗程较短,见效较快,治愈后不复发,安全无毒副作用,成本较低,奇效实用,值得广泛推广应用。
Description
所属技术领域
本发明涉及中药领域,尤其涉及一种治疗糖尿病的中药制剂及制备方法。
背景技术
糖尿病是一组以高血糖为特征的代谢性疾病,高血糖则是由于胰岛素分泌缺陷或其生物作用受损,或两者兼有引起;糖尿病时长期存在的高血糖,导致各种组织,特别是眼、肾、心脏、血管、神经的慢性损害、功能障碍。
糖尿病是因血糖值的调节能力减弱、血糖值异常升高而引发的全身性代谢障碍,糖尿病的特征在于不仅会引发高渗性昏迷和酮酸中毒等严重的代谢异常,而且因微血管病性的并发症而使得预后变差,使生活质量极度下降。糖尿病大致分为因胰脏β细胞被破坏而引起的1型糖尿病及对胰岛素的抗性的增强和胰岛素分泌低下叠加的2型糖尿病。糖尿病中,胰脏β细胞中的胰岛素分泌的低下和作为胰岛素的靶细胞的骨骼肌等中的胰岛素抗性在不同程度上叠加而引发胰岛素作用的低下,从而导致高血糖状态。此外,由于胰岛素抗性的持续,形成胰脏β细胞疲劳、胰岛素分泌能力进一步下降这样的恶性循环,症状不断恶化。
目前,治疗糖尿病的药物种类繁多,大多制备工艺复杂,虽然都具有一定的疗效,但治疗效果不彻底,治愈后很容易复发,且治疗范围窄,服药时间长,相对成本费用高,为此我们需要一种有效的且安全的中药制剂来帮助糖尿病患者缓解痛苦。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种治疗糖尿病的中药制剂及制备方法;本发明中药制剂所选药材配伍相宜,符合中医药学和现代医药学理论,并具有清热利尿、降低血糖、平肝益肾之功效,对治疗糖尿病具有独特疗效,且疗效显著,服用方便,疗程较短,见效较快,治愈后不复发,安全无毒副作用,成本较低,奇效实用,值得广泛推广应用。
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案实施如下:
一种治疗糖尿病的中药制剂,制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
一种治疗糖尿病的中药制剂的制备方法,包括以下工艺步骤:
(1)将白接骨和麦饭石放入容器内,进行粉碎处理,研末,得到过180目的细粉,备用;
(2)将菠菜、小蓟和芦根洗净,切碎,放入容器内,绞汁,滤杂质,留汁液备用;
(3)将乌榄、仙人草、棣棠花、椿叶、梨皮、凉粉草、螺旋藻和薏苡根洗净,放入容器内,加入8~10倍量的蒸馏水,浸泡5~6小时后,煮沸3~4小时,提取;再次加入6~8倍量蒸馏水,煮沸2~3小时,提取;最后,加入4~6倍量蒸馏水,加热煮沸1~2小时,提取;合并三次提取液,过滤,得滤液,浓缩成60℃下相对密度为1.10~1.13的稠膏,备用;
(4)将香胶木、桑椹和软皮树洗净,浸入5倍量的80%的乙醇溶液浸泡1~2小时,加热提取3小时,回收乙醇,滤过,得滤液,浓缩为65℃下相对密度为1.12~1.16的稠膏,备用;
(5)将上述步骤(1)~(4)所制得的细粉、汁液以及稠膏制成胶囊,即得所述的治疗糖尿病的中药制剂。
本发明所用中药的药性如下:
白接骨:味淡,性凉,归肺经。利尿消肿,清热解毒,散瘀止血。用于肺结核,咽喉肿痛,糖尿病,腹水,外用治外伤出血,扭伤,疖肿。
菠菜:味甘,性平;归肝、胃、大肠、小肠经。滋阴平肝,止咳润肠。主治高血压,头痛,目眩,风火赤眼,糖尿病,便秘。《纲目》载:“通血脉,开胸膈,下气调中,止渴润爆。”
乌榄:味酸、涩,性平;归脾、肺经。舒筋活络,祛风祛湿,清热解毒,消肿止痛。用于风湿腰腿痛,手足麻木,感冒,上呼吸道炎,肺炎,多发性疖肿。《岭南采药录》载:“火煅存性,止血化痰。少盐渍之,名榄豉,乳痈初起,煎水洗之可消。”
香胶木:味辛、苦,性平;归肺经。活血止痛,解毒消肿。主跌打伤痛,坐骨神经痛,胃痛,疮疖肿毒。《陆川本草》载:“驱风,消肿,破积,解毒。治跌打损伤,疮疖肿毒。”
仙人草:具有清暑,解热利水的功能。主治中暑、热毒、消渴、高血压、肾脏病、糖尿病、关节肌肉疼痛、淋病等。现代医学研究证实,在仙人草所含成分中,黄酮类物质具有抑制癌症细胞生长、降低血压的作用,多糖具有增强和提高机体免疫机能作用,香精素有镇静、清凉、解毒、利水的功效,微量元素具有抑制自由基形成、抗衰老、抗癌的作用,维生素能调节和增强生理机能等。
棣棠花:味苦、涩,性平;归肺、胃、脾经。化痰止咳,利尿消肿,解毒。主咳嗽,风湿痹痛,产后劳伤痛,水肿,小便不利,消化不良,痈疽肿毒,湿疹,荨麻疹。《民间常用草药汇编》载:“祛风,润肺,止咳,化痰。”
小蓟:味甘、苦,性凉;归心、肝经。凉血止血,祛瘀消肿。用于衄血,吐血,尿血,便血,崩漏下血,外伤出血,痈肿疮毒。《上海常用中草药》载:“清热,止血,降压,散瘀消肿。治各种出血症,高血压,黄疸,肝炎,肾炎。”
麦饭石:味甘,性温,无毒;归肝、胃、肾经。解毒散结,去腐生肌,除寒祛湿,益肝健胃,活血化瘀,利尿化石,延年益寿。主治痈疽发背,痤疮,湿疹,脚气,痱子,手指皲裂,黄褐斑,牙痛,口腔溃疡,风湿痹痛,腰背痛,慢性肝炎,胃炎,痢疾,糖尿病,神经衰弱,外伤红肿,高血压,老年性血管硬化,肿瘤,尿路结石。
椿叶:味辛、苦,性平;归心、脾、大肠经。消炎,解毒,杀虫。治肠炎,痢疾,疔,疽,漆疮。疥疮,白秃。《陆川本草》载:“健胃,止血,消炎,杀虫。治子宫炎,肠炎,痢疾,尿道炎。”
桑椹:味甘、酸,性寒;归心、肝、肾经。补血滋阴,生津润燥。用于眩晕耳鸣,心悸失眠,须发早白,津伤口渴,内热消渴,血虚便秘。《随息居饮食谱》载:“滋肝肾,充血液,祛风湿,健步履,息虚风,清虚火。”
软皮树:味甘、辛,性微温。祛风除湿,调经止痛。主治风湿麻木,筋骨疼痛,跌打损伤,癫痫,月经不调,痛经,经期手脚冷痛。《中华本草》载:“祛风止痛;活血调经。主风湿痹痛,跌打损伤,月经不调,痛经,疔疮疖肿。”
梨皮:味甘、涩,性凉,无毒;归肺、心、肾、大肠经。清心润肺,降火生津,解疮毒。主治暑热烦渴,肺燥咳嗽,吐血,痢疾,疥癣,发背,疔疮。《本草再新》载:“清心降火,滋肾益阴,主津止渴,除烦去湿。”
凉粉草:味甘、淡,性凉。清热利湿,凉血解暑。用于急性风湿性关节炎,高血压,中暑,感冒,黄疸,急性肾炎,糖尿病。广州部队《常用中草药手册》载:“清热解暑。治中暑,感冒,高血压,肌肉、关节疼痛。”
螺旋藻:能够提高免疫功能,降低血脂。主要用于癌症的辅助治疗,高血脂症,缺铁性贫血,糖尿病,营养不良,病后体虚。现代医学研究证实,螺旋藻能有效地增强机体免疫力,能有效降低血脂并调节人体血脂的功能,可用于防止动脉粥样硬化以及冠心病的辅助治疗。
芦根:味甘,性寒;归肺、胃经。清热生津,除烦,止呕,利尿。用于热病烦渴,胃热呕哕,肺热咳嗽,肺痈吐脓,热淋涩痛。《南京民间药草》载:“治喉痛。”
薏苡根:味苦、甘,性寒;入脾、膀胱经。清热通淋,种湿杀虫。主热淋,血淋,石淋,黄疸,水肿,白带过多,脚气,风湿痹痛,蛔虫病。《滇南本草》载:“清利小便。治热淋疼痛,尿血,止血淋、玉茎疼痛,消水肿。”
本发明与现有技术相比,具有以下有益效果:
本发明中药制剂所选药材配伍相宜,符合中医药学和现代医药学理论,并具有清热利尿、降低血糖、平肝益肾之功效,对治疗糖尿病具有独特疗效,且疗效显著,服用方便,疗程较短,见效较快,治愈后不复发,安全无毒副作用,成本较低,奇效实用,值得广泛推广应用。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步阐述。
实施例1
本发明中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
一种治疗糖尿病的中药制剂的制备方法,包括以下工艺步骤:
(1)将白接骨和麦饭石放入容器内,进行粉碎处理,研末,得到过180目的细粉,备用;
(2)将菠菜、小蓟和芦根洗净,切碎,放入容器内,绞汁,滤杂质,留汁液备用;
(3)将乌榄、仙人草、棣棠花、椿叶、梨皮、凉粉草、螺旋藻和薏苡根洗净,放入容器内,加入8~10倍量的蒸馏水,浸泡5~6小时后,煮沸3~4小时,提取;再次加入6~8倍量蒸馏水,煮沸2~3小时,提取;最后,加入4~6倍量蒸馏水,加热煮沸1~2小时,提取;合并三次提取液,过滤,得滤液,浓缩成60℃下相对密度为1.10~1.13的稠膏,备用;
(4)将香胶木、桑椹和软皮树洗净,浸入5倍量的80%的乙醇溶液浸泡1~2小时,加热提取3小时,回收乙醇,滤过,得滤液,浓缩为65℃下相对密度为1.12~1.16的稠膏,备用;
(5)将上述步骤(1)~(4)所制得的细粉、汁液以及稠膏制成胶囊,即得所述的治疗糖尿病的中药制剂。
用法用量:口服,每日2次,早晚各1次,每次2粒(每粒0.5g),饭后温开水送服;6天为1个疗程,2~4个疗程即可痊愈,病情严重者遵医嘱酌增用量。实施例2
本发明中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
本实施例的中药制剂制备方法工艺步骤及用法用量与实施例1相同。
实施例3
本发明中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
本实施例的中药制剂制备方法工艺步骤及用法用量与实施例1相同。
实施例4
本发明中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
本实施例的中药制剂制备方法工艺步骤及用法用量与实施例1相同。
实施例5
本发明中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
本实施例的中药制剂制备方法工艺步骤及用法用量与实施例1相同。
临床资料:
1、病例选择:
作为治疗糖尿病的中药制剂,选择确诊的糖尿病患者450例临床观察,病人随机分成治疗组和对照组两组,治疗组225例,其中男性112例,女性113例,年龄40~71岁,平均年龄55.5岁,平均病程5年;对照组225例,其中男性113例,女性112例,年龄41~70岁,平均年龄55.5岁,平均病程5年。
治疗组和对照组两组病例的病程、症状轻重程度基本一致,无显著差异,具有可比性。
2、药物选择:
治疗组服用本发明中药制剂,口服即可,每日2次,早晚各1次,每次2粒(每粒0.5g),饭后温开水送服;6天为1个疗程,2~4个疗程即可痊愈,病情严重者遵医嘱酌增用量。
对照组服用格列吡嗪片,口服,一般推荐剂量一日2.5~20mg(一日半片~4片),早餐前30分钟服用,日剂量超过15mg(3片),宜在早、中、晚分三次餐前服用。
3、疗效判定:
(1)治愈:不适症状全部消失,身体恢复正常,经检查身体指标恢复正常。
(2)显效:不适症状明显减轻,身体明显好转,经检查身体指标明显恢复。
(3)有效:不适症状有所减轻,身体有所好转,经检查身体指标有所恢复。
(4)无效:通过治疗后不适症状无减轻或加重。
4、结果:
以上结果显示,治疗组的治愈率和总有效率明显高于对照组。
典型病例举例:
1、沈某,女,47岁,山东威海人。患者患糖尿病2年余,伴有轻度高血压,无冠状动脉疾病和糖尿病其他并发症,使用过降糖药物胰岛素,但血糖控制不佳,开始恶心和呕吐,发生频率不断增加,经人介绍服用本发明中药制剂治疗,服用2个疗程后,血糖监测数据显示已基本稳定,继续服用1个疗程后,未再出现急发低血糖症状。
2、郭某,女,51岁,河北衡水人。患者患糖尿病4年余,因没有找到合适的药,每天都受高血糖的折磨,眼底已发生病变,伴有高血压、冠心病,血糖居高不下,经服用本发明中药制剂,服用1个疗程后,高血压、冠心病基本恢复正常,眼睛功能有所好转,继续服用3个疗程,视力恢复正常,血糖保持平稳。
3、薛某,男,48岁,湖北黄石人。患者患糖尿病5年余,四肢无力,口干难张,头昏脑胀,情绪低落,记忆力降低,经服用本发明中药制剂治疗,服用1个疗程后,上述症状减轻,继续服用2个疗程后,症状全部消失,痊愈,血糖平稳。
4、马某,男,54岁,辽宁盘锦人。患者患糖尿病1年,肠胃不适,精神状态不佳,经服用本发明中药制剂治疗,服用1个疗程后,症状明显好转,继续服用2个疗程后,症状消失,血糖降到正常水平。
5、曹某,男,63岁,山西晋中人。患者平时头痛、多梦,浑身无力,有2年多高血糖病史,一直服用降糖药物,效果不佳,经人介绍服用本发明中药制剂治疗,服用2个疗程后,症状基本消失,继续服用2个疗程后,症状全部消失,1年后随访血糖稳定,至今未见复发。
6、郑某,女,60岁,甘肃庆阳人。患者患糖尿病3年余,空腹血糖12.7,之前一直维持在7以下,指尖偶尔会发麻,腋下会有小块发红的皮肤,会疼痛,服用本发明中药制剂治疗,服用1个疗程后,血糖值得到稳定控制,复诊时腋下发红现象消失,血脂处于正常水平,服用3个疗程后,症状全部消失,血糖稳定。
Claims (5)
1.一种治疗糖尿病的中药制剂,其特征在于:制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
白接骨14~32份 菠菜13~31份 乌榄13~31份 香胶木12~30份
仙人草11~29份 棣棠花11~29份 小蓟10~28份 麦饭石9~27份
椿叶9~27份 桑椹8~26份 软皮树8~26份 梨皮6~24份
凉粉草6~24份 螺旋藻2~21份 芦根2~21份 薏苡根1~19份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗糖尿病的中药制剂,其特征在于:制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
白接骨17~29份 菠菜16~28份 乌榄16~28份 香胶木15~27份
仙人草14~26份 棣棠花14~26份 小蓟13~25份 麦饭石12~24份
椿叶12~24份 桑椹11~23份 软皮树11~23份 梨皮9~21份
凉粉草9~21份 螺旋藻6~18份 芦根6~18份 薏苡根4~16份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗糖尿病的中药制剂,其特征在于:制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
白接骨20~26份 菠菜19~25份 乌榄19~25份 香胶木18~24份
仙人草17~23份 棣棠花17~23份 小蓟16~22份 麦饭石15~21份
椿叶15~21份 桑椹14~20份 软皮树14~20份 梨皮12~18份
凉粉草12~18份 螺旋藻9~15份 芦根9~15份 薏苡根7~13份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗糖尿病的中药制剂,其特征在于:制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
白接骨23份 菠菜22份 乌榄22份 香胶木21份
仙人草20份 棣棠花20份 小蓟19份 麦饭石18份
椿叶18份 桑椹17份 软皮树17份 梨皮15份
凉粉草15份 螺旋藻12份 芦根12份 薏苡根10份。
5.一种如权利要求1~4任一项所述治疗糖尿病的中药制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下工艺步骤:
(1)将白接骨和麦饭石放入容器内,进行粉碎处理,研末,得到过180目的细粉,备用;
(2)将菠菜、小蓟和芦根洗净,切碎,放入容器内,绞汁,滤杂质,留汁液备用;
(3)将乌榄、仙人草、棣棠花、椿叶、梨皮、凉粉草、螺旋藻和薏苡根洗净,放入容器内,加入8~10倍量的蒸馏水,浸泡5~6小时后,煮沸3~4小时,提取;再次加入6~8倍量蒸馏水,煮沸2~3小时,提取;最后,加入4~6倍量蒸馏水,加热煮沸1~2小时,提取;合并三次提取液,过滤,得滤液,浓缩成60℃下相对密度为1.10~1.13的稠膏,备用;
(4)将香胶木、桑椹和软皮树洗净,浸入5倍量的80%的乙醇溶液浸泡1~2小时,加热提取3小时,回收乙醇,滤过,得滤液,浓缩为65℃下相对密度为1.12~1.16的稠膏,备用;
(5)将上述步骤(1)~(4)所制得的细粉、汁液以及稠膏制成胶囊,即得所述的治疗糖尿病的中药制剂。
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