CN105954057A - Portable surficial sediment sampling device with controllable sampling thickness and sampling method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a portable surface sediment sampling device and a sampling method with controllable sampling thickness. The sampling device comprises a bottom plate (1), a left side plate (2), a right side plate (3), a push rod (4), a positioning Plate (5), back plate (6); the push rod (4) is hinged to the outer side of the bottom plate (1); the left side plate (2) and the right side plate (3) have N pairs of installation grooves with the same distance from the bottom plate , the intervals between adjacent mounting grooves (7) on the left side plate (2) and the right side plate (3) are the same, and the positioning plate (5) is arranged in the mounting groove (7) in a manner parallel to the bottom plate (5). The left side plate and the right side plate of the sampling device have installation grooves at different positions, and the sampling thickness is adjusted by setting the distance between the positioning plate and the bottom plate, so that the sampling device can realize sediment sampling of different thicknesses. The sampling device has adjustable sampling thickness, accurate sampling, convenient operation, light weight, detachable, and easy to carry.

Description

Portable surface sediment sampling device and sampling method with controllable sampling thickness

technical field

The invention relates to a sample collection device, in particular to a portable surface sediment sampling device and a sampling method with controllable sampling thickness.

Background technique

Sediment is an important part of waters such as rivers, lakes, reservoirs, and oceans. It can exchange materials with the overlying water body through various channels. The migration and transformation of heavy metals, organic chlorine and other pollutants in sediments have great impact on aquatic organisms and The living environment of benthic animals plays an important role. The "health" of sediments is undoubtedly related to the health of aquatic ecosystems, and then affects humans through the food chain. Therefore, it is of great significance to collect and monitor sediment samples .

At present, there are many types of sediment sampling devices developed at home and abroad, mainly including gravity samplers, piston samplers, connecting rod samplers, freezing samplers and drilling samplers. Gravity samplers are divided into two types: grab type and column type. The grab type sampler has a simple structure and is easy to operate, but it is heavy and inconvenient to carry. Large disturbance of sediment samples, poor sealing, easy to cause problems such as sample loss and low collection efficiency, usually only used for the collection of surface mixed sediment samples.

The columnar sampler is inserted vertically into the sediment to obtain undisturbed columnar sediment samples. The samples obtained are very representative. The columnar samplers currently used are mostly complex in structure, large in size and heavy, requiring Specialized lifting equipment is expensive and inconvenient to operate, and the terrain in many testing areas is rugged, making it inconvenient to carry heavy equipment.

Many studies and practices only need to collect surface sediment samples. The current sediment sampling device has complex structure, high cost, high manpower consumption, and is not easy to carry. A surface sediment sampling device with controllable sampling thickness is a technical problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the technical problems of complex structure, high cost and uncontrollable sampling thickness of the current sediment sampling device, the present invention provides a portable surface sediment sampling device and sampling method with controllable sampling thickness.

The portable surface sediment sampling device with controllable sampling thickness provided by the present invention includes: a bottom plate, a left side plate, a right side plate, a push rod, a positioning plate, and a back plate;

The left side board is fixedly connected to the left side of the bottom board, the right side board is fixedly connected to the right side of the bottom board, and the bottom end of the back board is fixedly connected to the rear end of the bottom board. The left side of the backboard is connected to the left side board, the right side of the backboard is connected to the right side board; the push rod is hinged to the outer side of the bottom board; the left side board is connected to the The right side plate has N pairs of installation grooves with the same distance from the bottom plate, the N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and the distance between the adjacent installation grooves on the left side plate and the right side plate is the same, and the The positioning plate is arranged in the installation groove parallel to the bottom plate;

Both sides of the positioning plate are symmetrically provided with N card slots, and the card slots have hooks; the outer sides of the left side plate and the right side plate are provided with buckles corresponding to the positions of the installation grooves The buckle-type fixing device includes a concave fixing piece, bearings rotatably connected to both ends of the fixing piece, and a buckle fixed to the bearing; the end of the buckle includes a hook.

The above-mentioned portable surface sediment sampling device with controllable sampling thickness also has the following characteristics:

The distances between the adjacent mounting grooves on the left side plate and the right side plate are the same, the distances between the adjacent buckle-type fixing devices on the left side plate and the right side plate are the same, and the positioning plate The distances between adjacent slots are the same, and the positions of the slots correspond to the positions of the buckle-type fixing device.

The above-mentioned portable surface sediment sampling device with controllable sampling thickness also has the following characteristics:

One end of the positioning plate is provided with an arc-shaped connecting plate, and the bending direction of the arc-shaped connecting plate is opposite to the side of the bottom plate; or, one end of the positioning plate is provided with an inclined plate, and the inclined plate The direction of inclination is opposite to one side of the bottom plate.

The above-mentioned portable surface sediment sampling device with controllable sampling thickness also has the following characteristics:

The push rod includes a main push rod, a left push rod and a right push rod; a left push rod mounting seat is installed on the bottom of the outside of the left side plate; a right push rod mounting seat is installed on the bottom of the outside of the right side plate ; the left push rod is hinged on the left push rod mount through the first pin; the right push rod is hinged on the right push rod mount through the second pin; the main push rod is telescopic pole.

Or, the main push rod forms a herringbone structure with the left push rod and the right push rod, or, the push rod further includes a beam connected with the main push rod, and the left push rod and the right push rod The above-mentioned right push rods are arranged in parallel and are connected by connecting beams.

The above-mentioned portable surface sediment sampling device with controllable sampling thickness also has the following characteristics:

At least one push rod clamping device is symmetrically provided on the outer sides of the ends of the left side plate and the right side plate connected to the back plate. The front end of the bottom plate is a wedge-shaped structure, and the left push rod is fixed on the lowest push rod clamping device on the left side plate. When the angle between the left push rod and the bottom plate is the same as that of the wedge-shaped structure, the right push rod is fixed on the right The angle between the right push rod and the bottom plate is the same as the angle of the wedge-shaped structure when the push rod clamping device at the lowest position on the board is 45 degrees.

The above-mentioned portable surface sediment sampling device with controllable sampling thickness also has the following characteristics:

The portable surface sediment sampling device also includes a shielding plate, the inner side of the side that is not connected to the bottom plate and the back plate on the left side has a chute, and the right side plate is connected to the bottom plate There is a chute on the inner side of the side that is not connected to the back board, and the two sides of the shielding board are respectively arranged in the chute of the left side board and the chute of the right side board.

The above-mentioned portable surface sediment sampling device with controllable sampling thickness also has the following characteristics:

The portable surface sediment sampling device has at least one of the following features: the left side board and the right side board are provided with a plurality of side board water leakage holes; the back board is provided with a plurality of back boards Leakage holes; the bottom plate is provided with a plurality of bottom plate water leakage holes.

The above-mentioned portable surface sediment sampling device with controllable sampling thickness also has the following characteristics:

The angle between the left side plate and the front end of the bottom plate is a value between 20 degrees and 70 degrees; the angle between the right side plate and the front end of the bottom plate The angles of the joints are the same.

The above-mentioned portable surface sediment sampling device with controllable sampling thickness also has the following characteristics:

The angle between the left side plate and the front end of the bottom plate is 60 degrees.

The sampling method provided by the present invention using the above-mentioned portable surface sediment collection device with controllable sampling thickness includes:

Determine the thickness of the sediment to be collected, and fix the positioning plate in the fixing grooves in the left and right plates, so that the distance between the positioning plate and the bottom plate is the same as the thickness; The fixed device is fixed with the hook of the slot of the positioning plate; the left push rod is clamped to a push rod clamping device on the left side plate, and the right push rod is clamped to the right side plate and the push rod On the push rod clamping device with the same position as the clamping device; insert the shielding plate along the chute of the left side plate and the right side plate; extend the collection device into the sediment at an angle inclined to the water surface; push the main Push the rod to move the collecting device out of the water body; the sampling is completed.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

In the portable surface sediment sampling device provided by the present invention, the left side plate and the right side plate have installation grooves at different positions, the positioning plate is fixed in the installation groove and the positioning plate is arranged parallel to the bottom plate. The sampling thickness is adjusted by setting the distance between the positioning plate and the bottom plate, so that the sampling device can realize sediment sampling of different thicknesses, thereby meeting the requirements of different sampling thicknesses. The sampling device has the advantages of accurate sampling thickness, convenient operation, light weight, detachable and easy to carry. The sampling device is suitable for the scene where the staff extends the push rod into the bottom of the water at an angle inclined to the water surface for collection, which is convenient for the staff to collect targets that are far away from the hull.

Description of drawings

The drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and the schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the attached picture:

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of portable surface sediment sampling device among the embodiment one;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the positioning plate in the first embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the buckle-type fixing device in the first embodiment.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the bottom plate in Embodiment 1;

Fig. 5 is the top view of the portable surface sediment sampling device with the first kind of push rod structure in embodiment one;

Fig. 6 is the top view of the portable surface sediment sampling device with the second push rod structure in embodiment one;

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of portable surface sediment sampling device in embodiment two;

Fig. 8 is the structural representation of portable surface sediment sampling device in embodiment three;

Fig. 9 is a side view of the portable surface sediment sampling device in the third embodiment.

Explanation of reference signs:

1. Bottom plate; 2. Left side plate; 21. Left push rod mounting seat; 3. Right side plate; 31. Right push rod mounting seat; 4. Push rod; 41. Main push rod; 42. Left push rod; 43 , right push rod; 44, beam; 5, positioning plate; 51, slot; 510, hook; 52, arc-shaped connecting plate; Buckle-type fixing device; 81, fixing piece; 82, bearing; 83, buckle; 84 hook; 9, buckle; 10, shielding plate.

detailed description

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, each preferred embodiment of the present invention is described further:

Embodiment one

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a portable surface sediment sampling device in Example 1. The portable surface sediment sampling device includes: a base plate 1 , a left plate 2 , a right plate 3 , a push rod 4 , a positioning plate 5 , and a back plate 6 . Wherein, the left side plate 2 is fixedly connected with the left side of the base plate 1, the right side plate 3 is fixedly connected with the right side of the base plate 1, and the push rod 4 is hinged with the outer side of the base plate 1; The rear end of the back plate is fixedly connected, the left side of the back plate 6 is connected to the left side plate 2, and the right side of the back plate 6 is connected to the right side plate 3; the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3 have N pairs of The installation groove 7, N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, the intervals between adjacent installation grooves on the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3 are the same, and the positioning plate 5 is arranged in the installation groove in a manner parallel to the bottom plate 5 .

In this embodiment, the positioning plate 5 can be flexibly arranged in the installation grooves of different heights of the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3, so that the distance between the positioning plate 5 and the bottom plate 1 can be freely adjusted, so that the sampling device can collect to deposits of varying thickness. The adjacent installation grooves 7 on the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3 are separated by a fixed unit, and the fixed unit can be 1 centimeter, or 1.5 centimeters, or 2 centimeters, etc.

In order to prevent the positioning plate 5 from slipping out of the installation groove 7 during the collection process and affect the collection effect, a fixing device can be added to the sampling device. FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the positioning plate 5 . FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the buckle-type fixing device 8 . Both sides of the positioning plate 5 have N locking slots 51 symmetrically, and the locking slots have hooks 510 . The outer side of the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3 is provided with a snap-in fixing device 8 corresponding to the position of the installation groove, and the snap-in fixing device 8 includes a concave fixing part 81 and bearings 82 fixed at both ends of the fixing part 81 1. A buckle 83 fixed to the bearing 82; the end of the buckle includes a hook 84.

The distances between the adjacent mounting grooves 7 on the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3 are the same, the distances between the adjacent buckle-type fixing devices 8 on the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3 are the same, and the adjacent clips on the positioning plate 5 The spacing of the grooves 51 is the same, and the positions of the locking grooves 51 correspond to the positions of the buckle-type fixing devices 8 . The angle between the front end of the left side plate 2 and the bottom plate 1 and the angle between the right side plate 3 and the front end of the bottom plate 1 are both α, and the distance between the adjacent installation grooves 7 on the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3 is left The product of the spacing of adjacent snap-fit fixtures 8 on plate 2 and right side plate 3 times sin α. When manufacturing this acquisition device, first determine the spacing of the adjacent mounting grooves 7 on the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3 as the unit acquisition interval h (for example 1 centimeter), on the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3 with The method of determining the position of each installation groove 7 perpendicular to its hypotenuse is not accurate enough, and the method of directly determining the interval L of the hypotenuse on the hypotenuse of the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3, namely h/sinα, can be Make the determined position of the mounting groove 7 more accurate.

In order to reduce the resistance of the sediment to the sampling device in the process of collecting surface sediment, one end of the positioning plate 5 is provided with an arc-shaped connecting plate 52, and the bending direction of the arc-shaped connecting plate 52 is the opposite direction relative to the side of the bottom plate 1; or, One end of the positioning plate 52 is provided with an inclined plate, and the inclined direction of the inclined plate is opposite to the side of the bottom plate 1 .

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the bottom plate in Embodiment 1; in order to make sediments easier to collect, the front end of the bottom plate 1 is a wedge-shaped structure.

The arc-shaped connecting plate 52 or the inclined plate of the positioning plate 5 can make the positioning plate 5 receive a larger moment generated by the surface action force of the sediment during the process of collecting sediment on the bottom plate 1, and the active force reacting on the bottom plate 1 is also larger. The accuracy of the sampling thickness of the sediment sampling device prevents the technical problem of inaccurate positioning of the positioning plate 5 due to the lighter and softer sediment quality, so that the sampling thickness of the portable surface sediment is more stable and the sampling thickness is more accurate. Sediment analysis provides accurate sampling basis.

Fig. 5 is a top view of the portable surface sediment sampling device in the first embodiment. Push rod 4 comprises main push rod 41, left push rod 42 and right push rod 43; The bottom of the outside of left side plate 2 is equipped with left push rod mount 21; The bottom of the outside of right side plate 3 is equipped with right push rod installation Seat 31; Left push rod 43 is hinged on the left push rod mount 21 by the first bearing pin; Right push rod 44 is hinged on the right push rod mount 31 by the second pin shaft; Main push rod 41 is telescopic rod. The main push rod 41 is connected with the left push rod 42 and the right push rod 43 through a herringbone structure. The main push rod 41 of the herringbone structure, the left push rod 42 and the right push rod 43 can be integrally formed to improve the stability and service life of the structure.

Fig. 6 is a top view of the portable surface sediment sampling device in the first embodiment. The push rod 4 includes a beam 44 connected with the main push rod 41 , the left push rod 42 and the right push rod 43 are arranged in parallel and connected by the connecting beam 44 .

Using the sampling device in Embodiment 1, when the bottom plate 1 is pushed by the main push rod 41 to sample the sediment, even if the push rod 4 applies an inclined force to the bottom plate 1, the bottom plate 1 can travel horizontally within a certain thickness range and Collect sediment. Wherein, the main push rod 41 can be stretched, so that the whole collection device is convenient to carry and can be used flexibly according to different sampling environments.

Embodiment two

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the portable surface sediment sampling device in the second embodiment. In order to prevent the problem of inaccurate collection caused by the position change of the push rod relative to the bottom plate 1 when the portable surface sediment sampling device is used for collection, the outer sides of the ends of the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3 connected to the back plate 6 are respectively symmetrical It is provided with at least one push rod clamping device 9 . The intervals between adjacent push rod clamping devices 9 are the same.

The front end of the bottom plate 1 is a wedge-shaped structure, and the angle of the wedge-shaped structure is θ. In order to make the acquisition angle better during acquisition, the left push rod 42 is fixed on the lowest position of the push rod clamping device 9 on the left side plate 2. The angle between the push rod 42 and the base plate 1 is also θ, and the angle between the right push rod 43 and the base plate 1 is also θ after the right push rod 43 is fixed on the lowest push rod clamping device 9 on the right side plate 3 . The value of θ is preferably 45 degrees.

Embodiment Three

In order to prevent the part of the sampling device that does not need to collect surface sediment from entering too much sediment during the collection process, a shielding device is added in the third embodiment. Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the portable surface sediment sampling device in the third embodiment. The portable surface sediment sampling device also includes a shielding plate 10, the inner side of the side that is not connected to the bottom plate 1 and the back plate 6 on the left side plate 2 has a chute, and the right side plate 3 has no connection to the bottom plate 1 and the back plate 6. The inner side of the connected side has a chute, and the two sides of the shielding plate 10 are respectively arranged in the chute of the left side plate 2 and the chute of the right side plate 3 .

In each of the above-mentioned embodiments, the following features can also be included:

In order to make the sampling device when sampling, surface deposits can stay in the sampling device, the portable surface sediment sampling device in the above-mentioned embodiments can have at least one of the following features: left side plate 2 and right side plate 3 are provided with a plurality of side plate leak holes; the back plate 6 is provided with a plurality of back plate leak holes; the bottom plate 1 is provided with a plurality of bottom plate leak holes. That is, the position of the leakage hole can be selected to be arranged on one or more surfaces of the left side plate 2, the right side plate 3, the back plate 6 and the bottom plate 1, so as to meet different sediment collection requirements.

The angle α between the left side plate 2 and the front end of the bottom plate 1 is between 20 degrees and 70 degrees, and the angle α between the right side plate 3 and the front end of the bottom plate 1 is the same as the angle between the left side plate 2 and the front end of the bottom plate 1 . Fig. 9 is a side view of the portable surface sediment sampling device in the third embodiment. After several experiments, according to the analysis of the experimental results, it is known that, preferably, the angle between the left side plate 2 and the front end of the bottom plate 1 is 60 degrees.

In order to prevent the overturning of the push rod device, the portable surface sediment sampling device in each of the above-mentioned embodiments can have the following features: the left side of the bottom plate 1 is fixed with a left block at the end area connected to the back plate 6; the right side of the bottom plate 1 is connected to the back plate 6 The connection end area is fixed with a right stop. The left stopper and the right stopper can ensure that the bottom plate 1, the left side plate 2, the right side plate 3 and the back plate 6 can pass through the left push rod mounting seat 21 and the right push rod mounting seat 31 to turn over a certain angle counterclockwise and pass through the left The stopper and the right stopper are against the left push rod 42 and the right push rod 43 . By setting the left block and the right block, and connecting the beam 44 structure, it is ensured that the bucket structure composed of the bottom plate 1, the left side plate 2, the right side plate 3 and the back plate 6 can pass through the left push rod mounting seat 21 and the right push rod Mounting seat 31 is turned clockwise relative to push rod 4 by a predetermined angle, and turned counterclockwise by a certain angle, so as to adapt to the positioning of positioning plate 5 and control the collection depth of the collection device, and will not cause the collected deposits to collapse due to excessive turning angles. spilled.

When using this sampling device, after the positioning plate 5 is inserted into the installation groove 7, it is basically parallel to the bottom plate 1, so that the positioning plate 5 forms a sampler with a fixed thickness through the left side plate 2, the right side plate 3 and the bottom plate 1 , under the condition that the push rod 4 exerts an inclined force on the bottom plate 1 and the positioning plate 5 is free of resistance, the bottom plate 1 will tilt at a certain angle to scoop up the surface deposits, and when the scooping thickness of the bottom plate 1 reaches a predetermined When the thickness is high, the positioning plate 5 will be subjected to the resistance of the top layer of the sediment, and the positioning plate 5 will pass the resistance to the bottom plate 1 through the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3, because the two sides of the bottom plate 1 are respectively connected by hinged left push rod 42 and right push rod. rod 43, so the base plate 1 can rotate relative to the pin shaft connected by the left push rod 42 and the right push rod 43, the base plate 1 will drive the positioning plate 5 to tilt upward until the positioning plate 5 is no longer subject to the resistance of the top layer of sediment, and finally keep the base plate 1 and the positioning plate 5 are kept within a predetermined thickness range to horizontally shovel into the sediment and collect the sediment.

The sampling method using the above-mentioned portable surface sediment collection device with controllable sampling thickness includes: determining the thickness of the sediment to be collected, fixing the positioning plate 5 in the fixing groove in the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3, so that Positioning plate 5 is spaced at the same distance as the thickness from base plate 1; the buckle-type fixing device on both sides of positioning plate 5 is fixed to the hook 510 of the draw-in groove 51 of said positioning plate 5; the left push rod 42 is locked Connected to a push rod clamping device on the left side plate 2, the right push rod 43 is clamped to the push rod clamping device on the right side plate 3 with the same position as the push rod clamping device; along the left side plate 2 and the chute of the right side plate 3 are inserted into the shielding plate 10; the collection device is inserted into the sediment at an angle inclined to the water surface; the main push rod 41 is pushed horizontally to move the collection device out of the water body; the sampling is completed.

specific embodiment

First set the collection depth, set the collection depth to 2 cm, insert the positioning plate 5 into the left installation groove and the right installation groove with a height of 2 cm relative to the bottom plate 1, and then the collector holds the push rod 4 to place the collection device Extend into the bottom of the water to collect surface sediments with a depth of 2 cm. Since the collector pushes the push rod 4 obliquely downward at the water’s edge, the bottom plate 1 will turn counterclockwise relative to the push rod 4 through the left push rod mounting seat and the right push rod mounting seat. After the left stopper and the right stopper lean against the left push rod 42 and the right push rod 43; then, the bottom plate 1 contacts the surface deposits, and then scoops up the surface deposits. In the process of shoveling the surface deposits, the arc-shaped connecting plate 51 part of the positioning plate 5 will first contact the surface deposits, and the surface deposits will produce a certain resistance to the arc-shaped connecting plate 51. After the positioning plate 5 is flush with the deposit surface , the collector performs the collection action, the bottom plate 1 goes deep into the sediment surface to a depth of 2 cm to collect the sediment, and finally the surface sediment with a thickness of 2 cm is collected smoothly.

In the portable surface sediment sampling device provided by the present invention, the left side plate and the right side plate have installation grooves at different positions, the positioning plate is fixed in the installation groove and the positioning plate is arranged parallel to the bottom plate. The sampling thickness is adjusted by setting the distance between the positioning plate and the bottom plate, so that the sampling device can realize sediment sampling of different thicknesses, thereby meeting the requirements of different sampling thicknesses. The sampling device has the advantages of accurate sampling thickness, convenient operation, light weight, detachable and easy to carry. The sampling device is suitable for the scene where the staff extends the push rod into the bottom of the water at an angle inclined to the water surface for collection, which is convenient for the staff to collect targets that are far away from the hull.

The content described above can be implemented alone or combined in various ways, and these variants are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising", "comprising" or any other variation thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that an article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes none. other elements specifically listed, or also include elements inherent in the article or equipment. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the article or device comprising said element.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than limit them, and the present invention is described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all should be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. the portable timepiece surface sediments sampling apparatus that a sampling thickness is controlled, it is characterised in that bag Include: base plate (1), left plate (2), right plate (3), push rod (4), location-plate (5), Backboard (6)；

Described left plate (2) is fixing with the left side of described base plate (1) to be connected, described right plate (3) Fix with the right edge of described base plate (1) and be connected, the bottom of described backboard (6) and described base plate (1) Rear end fixing connect, the left side of described backboard (6) is connected with described left plate (2), described backboard (6) right side is connected with described right plate (3)；Outside described push rod (4) is with described base plate (1) Avris is hinged；Described left plate (2) has away from described base plate apart from identical on described right plate (3) N to mounting groove (7), described N is the integer more than or equal to 1, described left plate (2) and The interval of the upper adjacent fitting grooves (7) of described right plate (3) is identical, and described location-plate (5) is with parallel Mode in described base plate (5) is arranged in described mounting groove (7)；

The both sides of described location-plate (5) are all symmetrically provided with N number of draw-in groove (51), and described draw-in groove has There is grab (510)；The outside of described left plate (2) and described right plate (3) corresponds to described peace The position of tankage is provided with buckle-type fixing device (8), and described buckle-type fixing device (8) includes recessed The fixture (81) of shape, be rotatably connected the bearing (82) in the two ends of fixture (81) and bearing (82) fixing buckle (83)；The end of described buckle includes grab (84).

2. the portable timepiece surface sediments sampling apparatus that sampling thickness as claimed in claim 1 is controlled, It is characterized in that, mounting groove (7) the most adjacent on described left plate (2) and described right plate (3) Spacing is identical, described left plate (2) and the upper adjacent buckle-type fixing device (8) of described right plate (3) Spacing identical, the spacing of the upper adjacent draw-in groove (51) of described location-plate (5) is identical, described draw-in groove (51) Position corresponding with the position of described buckle-type fixing device (8).

3. the portable timepiece surface sediments sampling apparatus that sampling thickness as claimed in claim 1 is controlled, It is characterized in that, one end of described location-plate (5) is provided with arc connecting plate (52), described arc The bending direction of connecting plate (52) is the rightabout of the most described base plate (1) side；Or, institute The one end stating location-plate (52) is provided with hang plate, and the incline direction of described hang plate is the most described end The rightabout of plate (1) side.

4. the portable timepiece surface sediments sampling apparatus that sampling thickness as claimed in claim 1 is controlled, It is characterized in that, described push rod (4) includes primary push rod (41), left push rod (42) and right push rod (43)； The bottom in the outside of described left plate (2) is provided with left push rod mounting seat (21)；Described right plate (3) The bottom in outside right push rod mounting seat (31) is installed；Described left push rod (43) passes through the first bearing pin It is hinged on described left push rod mounting seat (21)；Described right push rod (44) is existed by the second hinge On described right push rod mounting seat (31)；Described primary push rod (41) is expansion link；Described primary push rod (41) Herringbone structure is constituted with described left push rod (42) and described right push rod (43), or, described push rod (4) crossbeam (44) being connected with described primary push rod (41), described left push rod (42) are also included It is arranged in parallel with described right push rod (43), and connected by connecting cross beam (44).

5. the portable timepiece surface sediments sampling apparatus that sampling thickness as claimed in claim 1 is controlled, It is characterized in that, described left plate (2) is connected with described backboard (6) with described right plate (3) What the outside of one end was respectively symmetrically is provided with at least one push rod clamping apparatus (9)；Described base plate (1) Front end be wedge structure, left push rod (42) is fixed on the push rod card that the upper position of left plate (2) is minimum During connection device (9), left push rod (42) is identical with the angle of described wedge structure with the angle of base plate (1), Right push rod when right push rod (43) is fixed on right plate (3) push rod clamping apparatus (9) that above position is minimum (43) identical with the angle of described wedge structure with the angle of base plate (1), the angle of described wedge structure Degree is 45 degree.

6. the portable timepiece surface sediments sampling apparatus that sampling thickness as claimed in claim 1 is controlled, It is characterized in that, described portable timepiece surface sediments sampling apparatus also includes shutter (10), a described left side The upper inner side with described base plate (1) and described backboard (6) the most connectionless side of side plate (2) has Chute, with described base plate (1) and described backboard (6) the most connectionless on described right plate (3) The inner side of side has chute, and the both sides of described shutter (10) are respectively arranged at described left plate (2) Chute and described right plate (3) chute in.

7. the portable timepiece surface sediments sampling apparatus that sampling thickness as claimed in claim 1 is controlled, It is characterized in that, described portable timepiece surface sediments sampling apparatus has at least one in following characteristics: It is provided with multiple side plate leaking hole on described left plate (2) and described right plate (3)；Described backboard (6) multiple backboard leaking hole it is provided with on；Multiple base plate leaking hole it is provided with on described base plate (1).

8. the portable timepiece surface sediments sampling apparatus that sampling thickness as claimed in claim 1 is controlled, It is characterized in that, the upper angle with described base plate (1) front end connecting portion of described left plate (2) is Value between 20 degree to 70 degree；Described right plate (3) and described base plate (1) front end connecting portion Angle is identical with the angle of described base plate (1) front end connecting portion with described left plate (2).

9. the portable timepiece surface sediments sampling apparatus that sampling thickness as claimed in claim 1 is controlled, It is characterized in that, described left plate (2) is 60 with the angle of described base plate (1) front end connecting portion Degree.

10. use in claim 1 to 9 controlled portable of the sampling thickness described in any claim The method of sampling of surface sediment collection device, it is characterised in that comprise determining that the deposition that need to gather The thickness of thing, is fixed on location-plate (5) in the fixing groove in left plate (2) and right plate (3), Location-plate (5) and base plate (1) is made to be spaced the distance identical with described thickness；By location-plate (5) place The buckle-type fixing device of both sides is fixing with the grab (510) of the draw-in groove (51) of described location-plate (5)； Left push rod (42) is connected at the upper push rod clamping apparatus of left plate (2), by right push rod (43) It is connected on the push rod clamping apparatus that right plate (3) is identical with described push rod clamping apparatus position；Along left The chute of side plate (2) and right plate (3) inserts shutter (10)；By described harvester edge and water The angle that face tilts stretches in deposit；Primary push rod described in Level Promoting (41), by described harvester Removal water body；Sampling completes.