CN105939011B - A kind of optimization method of substation's three-winding transformer impedance value - Google Patents
A kind of optimization method of substation's three-winding transformer impedance value Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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Abstract
本发明涉及变电站三绕组变压器阻抗值的优化方法，包括1）设定变电站各电压等级侧短路电流的约束限值及变压器三侧阻抗百分数Uk12%、Uk13%、Uk23%的上下限约束值；2）结合工程实际情况设定短路阻抗百分数计算步长段NUk12%、NUk13%、NUk23%，进而划分三侧阻抗百分数Uk12%、Uk13%、Uk23%的计算点数值矩阵；3）在每个阻抗值计算点上计算判断该阻抗值是否满足生产制造的约束、短路电流等约束；4）将步骤3）中保存的变电站无功补偿装置的单组容量上限值的最大者作为优选值。有益效果为：针对各种类型的变电站进行具体合理的三绕组变压器阻抗值的优化设计，适应性强，应用范围广。
The present invention relates to a method for optimizing the impedance value of a three-winding transformer in a substation, including 1) setting the constraint limits of the short-circuit current at each voltage level side of the substation and the upper and lower limit constraints of the three-side impedance percentages Uk12%, Uk13%, and Uk23% of the transformer; 2. ) Combined with the actual situation of the project, set the short-circuit impedance percentage calculation step section N Uk12% , N Uk13% , N Uk23% , and then divide the three-side impedance percentage Uk12%, Uk13%, Uk23% calculation point value matrix; 3) in each Calculate and judge whether the impedance value satisfies the manufacturing constraints, short-circuit current and other constraints at each impedance value calculation point; 4) The largest single-group capacity upper limit value of the substation reactive power compensation device saved in step 3) is taken as the preferred value . The beneficial effect is that the specific and reasonable optimal design of the impedance value of the three-winding transformer is carried out for various types of substations, and the utility model has strong adaptability and wide application range.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及输配电气领域，尤其涉及一种变电站三绕组变压器阻抗值的优化方法。The invention relates to the field of electric transmission and distribution, in particular to a method for optimizing the impedance value of a three-winding transformer in a substation.
背景技术Background technique
电力变压器短路阻抗参数值设计是发电厂及变电站工程设计中的重要环节。目前，三电压等级的变电站大多数采用三绕组变压器，三绕组变压器阻抗值的选择，直接影响三侧电压等级的短路电流水平，而短路容量的大小，间接影响了变电站低无功补偿设备的单组容量及组数，与工程建设经济效益密切相关。The design of short-circuit impedance parameters of power transformers is an important link in the engineering design of power plants and substations. At present, most substations with three voltage levels use three-winding transformers. The selection of the impedance value of the three-winding transformer directly affects the short-circuit current level of the three-side voltage level, and the size of the short-circuit capacity indirectly affects the unit of low reactive power compensation equipment in the substation. Group capacity and group number are closely related to the economic benefits of project construction.
如图1所示，为一典型的220kV变电站(三电压等级：高压侧220kV、中压侧110kV、低压侧10kV)的短路电流计算原理图。变电站三侧母线短路电流的大小均与不同等级之间的漏电抗密切相关，只有合理地设计各电压等级之间的漏抗值x1、x2、x3，才能同时保证各侧电压等级的短路电流均在安全范围之内。而x1、x2、x3的大小取决于三绕组变压器的短路阻抗百分数值Uk1-2％、Uk1-3％、Uk2-3％(具体关系如式1所示)，也就是说，在系统阻抗给定后，变电站三侧短路电流水平取决于三绕组变压器的短路阻抗百分数值Uk1-2％、Uk1-3％、Uk2-3％。As shown in Figure 1, it is a schematic diagram of short-circuit current calculation for a typical 220kV substation (three voltage levels: 220kV on the high-voltage side, 110kV on the medium-voltage side, and 10kV on the low-voltage side). The magnitude of the short-circuit current of the busbars on the three sides of the substation is closely related to the leakage reactance between different levels. Only by reasonably designing the leakage reactance values x 1 , x 2 , and x 3 between the voltage levels can the voltage levels of each side be guaranteed at the same time The short-circuit current is within the safe range. The size of x 1 , x 2 , and x 3 depends on the percentage value Uk1-2%, Uk1-3%, and Uk2-3% of the short-circuit impedance of the three-winding transformer (the specific relationship is shown in formula 1), that is to say, in After the system impedance is given, the three-side short-circuit current level of the substation depends on the short-circuit impedance percentage values Uk1-2%, Uk1-3%, and Uk2-3% of the three-winding transformer.
现有的实际工程设计中，往往采用阻抗值足够大的标准阻抗或通用阻抗作为设计值，这样设计可以足够满足变电站母线短路电流要求，而且冗余度较高。对于不同地区的变电站，其处于电力系统的位置和地位不同，尤其对于电网耦合度较低的末端变电站，由于系统阻抗相对较高，如果仍然采用阻抗值相对过高的通用阻抗值(标准阻抗值)，将会使得短路电流限制到极低的水平，而低压侧短路容量过度减小会带来无功补偿设备投切引起的电压波动问题：短路容量降低后，如果无功补偿设备的单组容量较大，就会引起投切时系统电压波动不满足电能质量要求，此时，只能通过降低无功补偿装置单组容量和增加无功补偿设备的组数来弥补电压波动的问题，而采取这种措施将大大增加设备投资及变电站占地面积，从而增加工程建设的造价：江苏地区目前220kV变电站中普遍采用阻抗值相对过高的通用阻抗值变压器，同时采用单组容量偏小的6000kvar的电容器作为无功补偿，占地面积大，一次性投资成本高。综上所述，降低变电站低压侧短路电流水平和提高无功补偿设备的单组容量从原理上是相互矛盾，相互制约的。因此，研究如何优化选择变压器阻抗(或限流电抗器)的阻抗设计值，使得低压侧短路电流水平控制在合理范围之内，同时提高变电站无功补偿设备的单组容量，节省投资，具有十分重大的意义。In the existing actual engineering design, the standard impedance or general impedance with sufficiently large impedance value is often used as the design value, so that the design can sufficiently meet the short-circuit current requirements of the substation busbar, and the redundancy is high. For substations in different regions, their positions and positions in the power system are different, especially for terminal substations with low grid coupling, due to the relatively high impedance of the system, if the general impedance value (standard impedance value) with a relatively high impedance value is still used ), will limit the short-circuit current to an extremely low level, and the excessive reduction of the short-circuit capacity of the low-voltage side will cause voltage fluctuations caused by switching of reactive power compensation equipment: after the short-circuit capacity is reduced, if a single group of reactive power compensation equipment If the capacity is large, the voltage fluctuation of the system during switching will not meet the power quality requirements. At this time, the problem of voltage fluctuation can only be compensated by reducing the single-group capacity of the reactive power compensation device and increasing the number of groups of reactive power compensation equipment. Taking this measure will greatly increase equipment investment and substation area, thereby increasing the cost of engineering construction: At present, 220kV substations in Jiangsu generally use general-purpose impedance transformers with relatively high impedance values, and at the same time use 6000kvar with a small capacity. The capacitor is used as reactive power compensation, which occupies a large area and has a high one-time investment cost. To sum up, reducing the short-circuit current level of the low-voltage side of the substation and increasing the single-group capacity of reactive power compensation equipment are contradictory and mutually restrictive in principle. Therefore, it is very important to study how to optimize the impedance design value of the transformer impedance (or current-limiting reactor), so that the low-voltage side short-circuit current level can be controlled within a reasonable range, and at the same time improve the single-group capacity of reactive power compensation equipment in substations and save investment. great significance.
目前，关于变电站三绕组变压器阻抗值的设计方案，大部分工程设计中均采用经验阻抗值(通用的较高阻抗值)，如220kV变电站通常采用的主变压器(180MVA)阻抗百分数为：Uk12％＝13、Uk13％＝64、Uk23％＝47；容量为240MVA的主变压器阻抗百分数一般取：Uk1-2％＝11，Uk1-3％＝34，Uk2-3％＝22，并在低压侧建设串抗率为8％～10％的串联电抗器限制短路电流。导致部分变电站低压侧短路电流水平过低；同时无功补偿方案采用数量较多、单组容量较小的设备，以解决短路电流过小带来的电压波动问题，经济效益低下。At present, regarding the design scheme of the impedance value of the three-winding transformer in the substation, most of the engineering designs adopt the empirical impedance value (common higher impedance value). For example, the impedance percentage of the main transformer (180MVA) usually used in the 220kV substation is: Uk12%= 13. Uk13%＝64, Uk23%＝47; the impedance percentage of the main transformer with a capacity of 240MVA is generally taken as: Uk1-2%＝11, Uk1-3%＝34, Uk2-3%＝22, and build a string on the low-voltage side A series reactor with a resistance rate of 8% to 10% limits the short-circuit current. As a result, the short-circuit current level on the low-voltage side of some substations is too low; at the same time, the reactive power compensation scheme uses a large number of equipment with a small single-group capacity to solve the voltage fluctuation problem caused by too small short-circuit current, and the economic benefits are low.
目前，国内三绕组变压器阻抗值设计方法可分成以下两种类型：At present, the domestic three-winding transformer impedance design method can be divided into the following two types:
1)大部分设计院采用通用设计方案(通用的较高阻抗值)。这种方法以偏概全，不具有普适性，通用设计方案给出的参数范围只是一组参考数值，其通用阻抗值对于大部分变电站来说，是不经济、不合理的。1) Most design institutes adopt a general design scheme (general higher impedance value). This method is generalized and not universal. The parameter range given by the general design scheme is only a set of reference values, and its general impedance value is uneconomical and unreasonable for most substations.
2)小部分设计院根据经验进行适当优化，其方法均是通过人工多次尝试改变阻抗值并进行试算，直到找到一组较为满意的参数为止。这种方法具有偶然性，设计人员可能通过少次试算就能找到相对合理的参数范围，也有可能经过多次尝试仍无法找到合理阻抗值，而且即使采用此方法找到相对的合理值，也不能保证优化范围覆盖全局。2) A small number of design institutes conduct appropriate optimization based on experience. The method is to manually change the impedance value and perform trial calculations until a set of satisfactory parameters is found. This method is accidental, the designer may be able to find a relatively reasonable parameter range through a few trial calculations, or may not be able to find a reasonable impedance value after many attempts, and even if this method is used to find a relatively reasonable value, there is no guarantee The scope of optimization covers the whole world.
综上，目前的变电站三绕组变压器阻抗值设计优化方法无理论支撑、人工计算繁杂(需多次试算、无规律性)、设计参数效益差(无法达到优化、建设成本高、经济效益差)。In summary, the current design and optimization method for the impedance value of a three-winding transformer in a substation has no theoretical support, complicated manual calculations (requires multiple trial calculations, irregularities), and poor efficiency of design parameters (unable to achieve optimization, high construction costs, and poor economic benefits) .
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明目的在于克服以上现有技术之不足，提供一种变电站三绕组变压器阻抗值的优化设计方法，具体有以下技术方案实现：The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art above, and provide a method for optimizing the design of the impedance value of a three-winding transformer in a substation, which is specifically realized by the following technical solutions:
所述变电站三绕组变压器阻抗值的优化方法，包括如下步骤：The method for optimizing the impedance value of the three-winding transformer of the substation comprises the following steps:
1)设定变电站各电压等级侧短路电流的约束限值及变压器三侧阻抗百分数Uk12％、Uk13％、Uk23％的上下限约束值；1) Set the constraint limits of the short-circuit current at each voltage level side of the substation and the upper and lower limit constraints of the three-side impedance percentages Uk12%, Uk13%, and Uk23% of the transformer;
2)根据工程需求设定短路阻抗百分数计算步长段NUk12％、NUk13％、NUk23％，进而划分三侧阻抗百分数Uk12％、Uk13％、Uk23％的计算点数值矩阵，计算点数值矩阵由计算点组成；2) According to the project requirements, set the short-circuit impedance percentage calculation step section N Uk12% , N Uk13% , N Uk23% , and then divide the calculation point value matrix of the three-side impedance percentage Uk12%, Uk13%, Uk23%, and calculate the point value matrix consists of calculation points;
3)在每个阻抗值计算点上计算判断该阻抗值是否满足生产制造的约束与短路电流约束，若满足所有约束条件，计算并保存该阻抗值计算点对应的变电站无功补偿装置的单组容量上限值；3) Calculate and judge whether the impedance value meets the constraints of manufacturing and short-circuit current at each impedance value calculation point. If all constraints are met, calculate and save the single group of reactive power compensation devices in the substation corresponding to the impedance value calculation point Capacity upper limit;
4)将步骤3)中保存的变电站无功补偿装置的单组容量上限值的最大者作为优选值，并选取所述优选值对应的三绕组变压器三侧阻抗百分数的阻抗值作为最优阻抗值。4) Take the maximum of the upper limit of the single group capacity of the substation reactive power compensation device saved in step 3) as the optimal value, and select the impedance value of the three-side impedance percentage of the three-winding transformer corresponding to the optimal value as the optimal impedance value.
所述变电站三绕组变压器阻抗值的优化方法的进一步设计在于，所述步骤1)中的变压器三侧阻抗百分数Uk12％、Uk13％、Uk23％的上下限约束值分别表示三绕组变压器三侧短路阻抗值能够取到的上限值和下限值。The further design of the optimization method of the impedance value of the three-winding transformer in the substation is that the upper and lower limit constraint values of the three-side impedance percentage Uk12%, Uk13%, and Uk23% of the transformer three-side impedance in the step 1) respectively represent the three-side short-circuit impedance of the three-winding transformer The upper and lower limits that the value can take.
所述变电站三绕组变压器阻抗值的优化方法的进一步设计在于，所述步骤2)中，划分三侧阻抗百分数Uk12％、Uk13％、Uk23％的计算点数值矩阵时将阻抗值计算点选择在整数点进行计算。The further design of the optimization method of the impedance value of the three-winding transformer in the substation is that in the step 2), when dividing the calculation point value matrix of the three-side impedance percentage Uk12%, Uk13%, and Uk23%, the impedance value calculation point is selected as an integer point to calculate.
所述变电站三绕组变压器阻抗值的优化方法的进一步设计在于，所述步骤3)中，根据式(1)对步骤2)中的三绕组变压器各侧阻抗百分数Uk12％、Uk13％、Uk23％进行进一步限定，生产制造的约束如式(2)，The further design of the optimization method of the impedance value of the three-winding transformer in the substation is that in the step 3), according to the formula (1), the impedance percentages Uk12%, Uk13%, and Uk23% on each side of the three-winding transformer in the step 2) are carried out Further defined, the manufacturing constraints are as in formula (2),
Uk13％-(Uk12％+Uk23％)≥2 (1)Uk13%-(Uk12%+Uk23%)≥2 (1)
所述变电站三绕组变压器阻抗值的优化方法的进一步设计在于，所述步骤3)中，分别在最大运行方式和最小运行方式下计算对应的短路电流值并判断是否满足式(3)所示的短路电流约束条件，The further design of the optimization method of the impedance value of the three-winding transformer in the substation is that, in the step 3), the corresponding short-circuit current value is calculated in the maximum operation mode and the minimum operation mode respectively and it is judged whether the value shown in formula (3) is satisfied. Short-circuit current constraints,
式中，和分别表示最大运行方式和最小运行方式下的高压侧三相短路电流最大值，和分别表示最大运行方式和最小运行方式下的中压侧三相短路电流最大值，和分别表示最大运行方式和最小运行方式下的低压侧三相短路电流最大值。In the formula, and Respectively represent the maximum value of the three-phase short-circuit current at the high-voltage side in the maximum operation mode and the minimum operation mode, and Respectively represent the maximum value of the three-phase short-circuit current on the medium voltage side under the maximum operation mode and the minimum operation mode, and Respectively represent the maximum value of the three-phase short-circuit current at the low-voltage side in the maximum operation mode and the minimum operation mode.
所述变电站三绕组变压器阻抗值的优化方法的进一步设计在于，所述步骤3)中，根据式(4)计算该阻抗值计算点对应的变电站无功补偿装置单组容量上限值QCmax，The further design of the optimization method of the impedance value of the three-winding transformer in the substation is that in the step 3), the upper limit value Q Cmax of the single group capacity of the reactive power compensation device of the substation corresponding to the calculation point of the impedance value is calculated according to the formula (4),
其中，ILf3为最小运行方式下低压侧三相短路电流，ULN低压侧三相电压，Sd为低压侧短路容量，QCmax为电容器单组最大容量。Among them, I Lf3 is the three-phase short-circuit current at the low-voltage side in the minimum operation mode, U LN is the three-phase voltage at the low-voltage side, S d is the short-circuit capacity at the low-voltage side, and Q Cmax is the maximum capacity of a single capacitor.
本发明的优点如下：The advantages of the present invention are as follows:
1)本发明方法能够针对各种类型的变电站进行具体合理的变压器阻抗值的优化化设计，适应性强，应用范围广；1) The method of the present invention can carry out the optimized design of specific and reasonable transformer impedance values for various types of substations, has strong adaptability and wide application range;
2)相对于传统的试算优化设计方法，本发明方法优化结果可确保优化结果为全局最优；2) Compared with the traditional trial calculation optimization design method, the optimization result of the method of the present invention can ensure that the optimization result is the global optimum;
3)本发明采用的三绕组变压器阻抗值优化设计方法，优化结果保证准确和最优，从工程建设角度出发，可大大节约变电站工程一次性投资成本，经济效益显著。3) The impedance value optimization design method of the three-winding transformer used in the present invention ensures accurate and optimal optimization results. From the perspective of engineering construction, it can greatly save the one-time investment cost of the substation project, and the economic benefits are remarkable.
4)根据实际工程情况，可通过调整约束值裕度适应各种条件下的三绕组变压器阻抗值设计。4) According to the actual engineering situation, the impedance value design of the three-winding transformer under various conditions can be adapted by adjusting the constraint value margin.
5)本发明已通过采用MATLAB计算软件实现，计算速度快，对于常规工程设计，优化计算时间只需数秒。5) The present invention has been realized by using MATLAB calculation software, and the calculation speed is fast. For conventional engineering design, the optimization calculation time only needs a few seconds.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为三组8Mvar电容器组布置方案图。Figure 1 is a diagram of the layout of three sets of 8Mvar capacitor banks.
图2为四组6Mvar电容器组布置方案图。Figure 2 is a layout diagram of four groups of 6Mvar capacitor banks.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面对本发明方案进行详细说明。The solution of the present invention will be described in detail below.
第一步，设定变电站各电压等级侧短路电流的约束限值。限于开关遮断容量要求，目前不同电压等级的断路器短路容量有限，因此，变电站各电压等级侧短路电流应该小于限定值，其约束表达式如式(1)所示。The first step is to set the constraint limit of short-circuit current at each voltage level side of the substation. Limited to the requirements of the breaking capacity of the switch, the current short-circuit capacity of circuit breakers of different voltage levels is limited. Therefore, the short-circuit current of each voltage level side of the substation should be less than the limit value, and the constraint expression is shown in formula (1).
式中，和分别表示最大运行方式和最小运行方式下的高压侧三相短路电流最大值，和分别表示最大运行方式和最小运行方式下的中压侧三相短路电流最大值，和分别表示最大运行方式和最小运行方式下的低压侧三相短路电流最大值。目前，由于设备制造水平的约束，220kV、110kV、10kV电压等级的短路电流水平约束值分别为50kA、40kA、25kA。In the formula, and Respectively represent the maximum value of the three-phase short-circuit current at the high-voltage side in the maximum operation mode and the minimum operation mode, and Respectively represent the maximum value of the three-phase short-circuit current on the medium voltage side under the maximum operation mode and the minimum operation mode, and Respectively represent the maximum value of the three-phase short-circuit current at the low-voltage side in the maximum operation mode and the minimum operation mode. At present, due to the constraints of equipment manufacturing level, the limit values of short-circuit current levels for 220kV, 110kV, and 10kV voltage levels are 50kA, 40kA, and 25kA, respectively.
设定变电站各电压等级侧短路电流的约束限值及变压器三侧阻抗百分数Uk12％、Uk13％、Uk23％的上下限约束值；Set the constraint limit value of the short-circuit current at each voltage level side of the substation and the upper and lower limit constraint values of the three-side impedance percentages Uk12%, Uk13%, and Uk23% of the transformer;
目前，受生产制造条件的约束，高阻抗变压器的不同电压等级的短路阻抗百分数只能设置在给定的区间。通过国内几家变压器制造厂家(西门子、常州西电变压器厂)的调研数据，考虑变压器生产制造条件，三绕组变压器短路阻抗百分数上下限区间如(2)所示：At present, due to constraints of manufacturing conditions, the short-circuit impedance percentages of different voltage levels of high-impedance transformers can only be set within a given interval. According to the survey data of several domestic transformer manufacturers (Siemens, Changzhou Xidian Transformer Factory), considering the manufacturing conditions of transformers, the upper and lower limits of the short-circuit impedance percentage of three-winding transformers are shown in (2):
第二步，根据工程实际，设定短路阻抗百分数计算步长段NUk12％、NUk13％、NUk23％，进而划分三侧阻抗百分数Uk12％、Uk13％、Uk23％的计算点数值矩阵。一般结合工程实际，将阻抗值计算点选择在整数点进行计算，如(2)中所示的Uk12％数值可选取11、12、13、14、15，同理，Uk12％数值可选取28、29、……、78、79，Uk13％数值可选取18、19、……、64、65。Uk12％、Uk13％、Uk23％在以上取值点进行组合，形成对应的阻抗值计算的三维矩阵。例如，Uk12％＝11、Uk13％＝28、Uk23％＝18，就是其中一个阻抗值计算点，对于(2)中所示，共有5×52×48＝12480个计算点。The second step is to set the short-circuit impedance percentage calculation step sections N Uk12% , N Uk13% , and N Uk23% according to the actual engineering, and then divide the three-side impedance percentage Uk12%, Uk13%, and Uk23% calculation point value matrix. Generally, in combination with engineering practice, the impedance value calculation point is selected at an integer point for calculation. For example, the value of Uk12% shown in (2) can be selected from 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15. Similarly, the value of Uk12% can be selected from 28, 29, ..., 78, 79, Uk13% value can choose 18, 19, ..., 64, 65. Uk12%, Uk13%, and Uk23% are combined at the above value points to form a three-dimensional matrix for calculating the corresponding impedance value. For example, Uk12%=11, Uk13%=28, and Uk23%=18 are one of the impedance value calculation points, and as shown in (2), there are 5×52×48=12480 calculation points in total.
第三步，在每个阻抗值计算点上计算判断该阻抗值是否满足生产制造的约束(如式(3)所示)、短路电流等约束，若满足所有约束条件，计算并保存该阻抗值计算点对应的变电站无功补偿装置，如电容器、电抗器等，单组容量上限值。The third step is to calculate and judge whether the impedance value meets the constraints of manufacturing (as shown in formula (3)) and short-circuit current at each impedance value calculation point. If all constraints are met, calculate and save the impedance value The calculation point corresponds to the reactive power compensation device of the substation, such as capacitors, reactors, etc., and the upper limit of the capacity of a single group.
如在计算点Uk12％＝11、Uk13％＝28、Uk23％＝18，进行计算，由于三绕组变压器各侧阻抗百分数Uk12％、Uk13％、Uk23％不满足式(3)的要求，因此这组阻抗值不满足约束要求。For example, at the calculation points Uk12%=11, Uk13%=28, Uk23%=18, the calculation is performed, because the impedance percentages Uk12%, Uk13%, and Uk23% of each side of the three-winding transformer do not meet the requirements of formula (3), so this group Impedance value does not meet constraint requirements.
Uk13％-(Uk12％+Uk23％)≥2 (3)Uk13%-(Uk12%+Uk23%)≥2 (3)
如在计算点Uk12％＝11、Uk13％＝34、Uk23％＝22进行计算，由于三绕组变压器各侧阻抗百分数Uk12％、Uk13％、Uk23％满足式(3)的要求，因此进一步计算变压器三侧短路电流值，分别在最大运行方式和最小运行方式下计算对应的短路电流值，并判断是否满足式(1)所示的短路电流约束条件，如满足，则进一步按照式(4)计算该阻抗值计算点对应的变电站无功补偿装置(如电容器、电抗器等)单组容量上限值。For example, the calculation is carried out at the calculation points Uk12%=11, Uk13%=34, Uk23%=22, since the impedance percentages Uk12%, Uk13%, and Uk23% of each side of the three-winding transformer meet the requirements of formula (3), so the further calculation of the transformer three side short-circuit current value, calculate the corresponding short-circuit current value in the maximum operation mode and the minimum operation mode, and judge whether the short-circuit current constraint condition shown in formula (1) is satisfied, if so, then further calculate the value according to formula (4) The upper limit value of a single group capacity of substation reactive power compensation devices (such as capacitors, reactors, etc.) corresponding to the impedance value calculation point.
其中，ILf3为最小运行方式下低压侧三相短路电流，ULN低压侧三相电压，Sd为低压侧短路容量，QCmax为电容器单组最大容量；Among them, I Lf3 is the three-phase short-circuit current of the low-voltage side in the minimum operation mode, U LN is the three-phase voltage of the low-voltage side, S d is the short-circuit capacity of the low-voltage side, and Q Cmax is the maximum capacity of a single capacitor;
第四步，筛选各计算点中满足约束条件的阻抗值中最优化结果(对应最大的无功补偿单组容量上限值)，并选取对应的三绕组变压器三侧阻抗百分数的设计值作为工程设计值。The fourth step is to screen the optimization results of the impedance values that meet the constraint conditions in each calculation point (corresponding to the maximum upper limit of the single group capacity of reactive power compensation), and select the corresponding design value of the three-side impedance percentage of the three-winding transformer as the project design value.
根据前述的计算过程，可筛选出满足变压器生产制造条件的约束和短路电流约束条件的阻抗值计算点及对应的变电站无功补偿装置(如电容器、电抗器等)单组容量上限值。选取最大的变电站无功补偿装置(如电容器、电抗器等)单组容量上限值时对应的变压器三侧阻抗值作为最终的设计值。According to the aforementioned calculation process, the impedance value calculation points that meet the constraints of transformer manufacturing conditions and short-circuit current constraints and the corresponding upper limit values of the single-group capacity of substation reactive power compensation devices (such as capacitors, reactors, etc.) can be screened out. The impedance value of the three sides of the transformer corresponding to the upper limit value of the single group capacity of the largest substation reactive power compensation device (such as capacitors, reactors, etc.) is selected as the final design value.
以下给出本发明方法的一具体实施例Provide a specific embodiment of the inventive method below
江苏某220kV变电站，投产年主变设计规模为1*180MVA容量，电压等级为220/110/10kV，前期可研设计方案为采用通用阻抗值：Uk12％＝13、Uk13％＝64、Uk23％＝47，姚桥变不同运行方式下的系统阻抗值如下表所示。根据当地配电网设备短路电流要求，变电站低压侧母线短路电流不得超过25kA。In a 220kV substation in Jiangsu, the design scale of the main transformer is 1*180MVA capacity, and the voltage level is 220/110/10kV. The preliminary feasibility study design scheme adopts the general impedance value: Uk12%＝13, Uk13%＝64, Uk23%＝ 47. The system impedance values of Yaoqiao substation under different operating modes are shown in the table below. According to the short-circuit current requirements of the local distribution network equipment, the short-circuit current of the bus on the low-voltage side of the substation shall not exceed 25kA.
表1投产年不同运行方式下系统阻抗值Table 1 System impedance values under different operation modes in the year of commissioning
分别采用通用阻抗值方案和本发明优化方法设计后的阻抗值进行短路电流分析，并计算无功补偿设备的单组容量，结果如表2～表3所示。Use the general impedance value scheme and the impedance value designed by the optimization method of the present invention to analyze the short-circuit current, and calculate the single-group capacity of the reactive power compensation equipment. The results are shown in Tables 2 to 3.
表2主变阻抗采用通用阻抗值方案计算结果Table 2 The calculation results of the main transformer impedance using the general impedance value scheme
表3主变阻抗采用本发明方法优化后的阻抗值计算结果Table 3 The calculation results of the impedance value after the main transformer impedance is optimized by the method of the present invention
具体比较优化前后方案的计算结果，可以发现，采用通用设计方案(通用阻抗值)时，三侧电压等级的短路电流水平均能降到很低，此时无功补偿设备(电容器组、电抗器)的单组容量不得高于7.44Mvar，根据目前的容量系列，只能采用单组容量为6Mvar的电容器组，如图2；采用本发明优化设计方法得出的优化阻抗值，不仅可以将各侧电压等级的短路电流水平限制在安全范围内，同时降低了短路容量的冗余度，优化后的无功补偿设备(电容器组、电抗器)的单组容量最大值为9.75Mvar，根据实际情况可采用8Mvar的电容器组。Comparing the calculation results of the scheme before and after optimization, it can be found that when the general design scheme (general impedance value) is adopted, the short-circuit current level of the three-side voltage level can be reduced to a very low level. At this time, the reactive power compensation equipment (capacitor bank, reactor ) of a single group capacity must not be higher than 7.44Mvar, according to the current capacity series, only the capacitor bank with a single group capacity of 6Mvar can be used, as shown in Figure 2; the optimized impedance value obtained by the optimal design method of the present invention can not only The short-circuit current level of the side voltage level is limited within the safe range, and the redundancy of the short-circuit capacity is reduced at the same time. The maximum single-group capacity of the optimized reactive power compensation equipment (capacitor bank, reactor) is 9.75Mvar, according to the actual situation A capacitor bank of 8Mvar can be used.
若进一步考虑短路电流约束裕度，可将低压侧短路电流约束值降低至20kA，采用本发明优化设计方法得出的优化阻抗值可取为：Uk12％＝11、Uk13％＝54、Uk23％＝41，此时优化后的无功补偿设备(电容器组、电抗器)的单组容量最大值为8.63Mvar，对应的最大运行方式下低压侧短路电流为21.61kA，此时仍然可采用单组容量为8Mvar的电容器组，如图1。If the short-circuit current constraint margin is further considered, the low-voltage side short-circuit current constraint value can be reduced to 20kA, and the optimized impedance value obtained by adopting the optimal design method of the present invention can be taken as: Uk12%=11, Uk13%=54, Uk23%=41 , at this time, the maximum single-group capacity of the optimized reactive power compensation equipment (capacitor bank, reactor) is 8.63Mvar, and the corresponding short-circuit current at the low-voltage side is 21.61kA in the maximum operation mode. At this time, the single-group capacity of 8Mvar capacitor bank, as shown in Figure 1.
该220kV变电站每台主变的无功需求总容量为24Mvar(容性)，如果采用可研设计方案(通用阻抗值方案)，则需要4*6Mvar电容器组方案，若主变阻抗值采用本发明方法优化后的阻抗值，则可采用3*8Mvar电容器组方案，优化后方案在变电站布置上能够大幅节省电容器组场地的占地面积，两种不同方案下的电容器场地布置图如下所示。通过优化后，建设方案可节约变电站占地面积约75m2，同时变压器由于阻抗值的降低，每台变压器的制造成本也可降低大约10万元，经济效益十分明显。The total reactive power demand capacity of each main transformer in the 220kV substation is 24Mvar (capacitive). If the feasibility design scheme (general impedance value scheme) is adopted, the 4*6Mvar capacitor bank scheme is required. If the impedance value of the main transformer adopts the present invention For the optimized impedance value of the method, the 3*8Mvar capacitor bank scheme can be used. The optimized scheme can greatly save the occupied area of the capacitor bank site in the layout of the substation. The capacitor site layout diagrams under the two different schemes are shown below. After optimization, the construction plan can save about 75m 2 of substation area, and at the same time, due to the reduction of transformer impedance, the manufacturing cost of each transformer can also be reduced by about 100,000 yuan, and the economic benefits are very obvious.
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Address after: Zhongshan Road Gulou District of Nanjing city of Jiangsu Province, No. 251 210012 Co-patentee after: JIANGSU ELECTRIC POWER Co. Patentee after: JIANGSU ELECTRIC POWER COMPANY ECONOMIC Research Institute Co-patentee after: STATE GRID JIANGSU ELECTRIC POWER DESIGN CONSULTATION Co.,Ltd. Co-patentee after: State Grid Corporation of China Address before: Zhongshan Road Gulou District of Nanjing city of Jiangsu Province, No. 251 210012 Co-patentee before: JIANGSU ELECTRIC POWER Co. Patentee before: JIANGSU ELECTRIC POWER COMPANY ECONOMIC Research Institute Co-patentee before: NANJING ELECTRIC POWER ENGINEERING DESIGN Co.,Ltd. Co-patentee before: State Grid Corporation of China |