CN105925470B - The methane-generating pit and its operation method of a kind of self-heat conserving - Google Patents

The methane-generating pit and its operation method of a kind of self-heat conserving Download PDF

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CN105925470B
CN105925470B CN201610550705.XA CN201610550705A CN105925470B CN 105925470 B CN105925470 B CN 105925470B CN 201610550705 A CN201610550705 A CN 201610550705A CN 105925470 B CN105925470 B CN 105925470B
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gas storage
material reaction
hollow gas
biogas
storage interlayer
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CN105925470A (en
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潘科
施国中
何明雄
胡启春
贺莉
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Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/04Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/36Means for collection or storage of gas; Gas holders
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M41/00Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
    • C12M41/12Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of temperature
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12PFERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P5/00Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C12P5/02Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons acyclic
    • C12P5/023Methane
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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Abstract

The present invention is disclosed between the methane-generating pit and its operation method, including material reaction of a kind of self-heat conserving, discharge room and the outer hollow gas storage interlayer being wrapped between material reaction;Between the material reaction rigidity supporting structure is provided between the bottom of hollow gas storage interlayer;The feed pipe runs through hollow gas storage interlayer and leads to inside between material reaction;Top sets air duct inlet between material reaction;Bottom sets discharge nozzle between material reaction, and discharge nozzle is connected with the discharge room;Also include the ponding collecting pipe being located in hollow gas storage interlayer;Biogas delivery pipe is additionally provided with the top of hollow gas storage interlayer.The present invention makes full use of the biogas of system itself to be thermally shielded, effectively less heat loss, and improves the stability of system fermentation process;The biogas of generation has carried out itself having carried out gravity dehydration during storage, makes the biogas water content of conveying low.

Description

The methane-generating pit and its operation method of a kind of self-heat conserving
Technical field
The invention belongs to biogas production equipment technical field, the methane-generating pit of more particularly to a kind of self-heat conserving and its operation side Method.
Background technology
Methane-generating pit is a kind of conventional life in China rural area and breeding waste processing mode, and its cardinal principle is to live It is discharged into methane-generating pit and is fermented with the excrement dirt produced in breeding process, poisonous and harmful substance therein of degrading, while output Clean energy resource-the biogas utilized can be used, the biogas residue and biogas liquid after degraded can be used as organic fertilizer.Biogas technology green ring Protect, do not produce secondary pollution, and can effectively alleviate the situation of some rural area energy shortages, be that the Chinese government widelys popularize One of technology.
Although China also achieves many progress, such as Chinese patent " CN201510600163 " in this respect in recent years A kind of biogas fermentation anti-crusting agitating device is disclosed, by motor, decelerator, shaft joint, water seal, full helical blade and agitating shaft Composition, agitating shaft is arranged on inside marsh gas fermentation pool through the reserved opening on marsh gas fermentation pool top, and full helical blade is along length side To being coiled on the outer surface of agitating shaft, the top of agitating shaft is provided with shaft joint, and the upper surface of agitating shaft sets decelerator, subtracted The upper end of fast device sets motor, and the upper end of the reserved opening on marsh gas fermentation pool top sets water seal, and water seal is provided with water inlet and gone out The mouth of a river, the invention is used for the stirring of marsh gas fermentation pool, solves the problem of existing marsh gas fermentation pool top crust and difficult cleaning.And for example Chinese patent " CN201510586721 " provides a kind of simple methane installation for fermenting, and it mainly includes under casing, fermentation bag, fermentation Bag base and pipeline, the device described in the invention can be dismounted at any time, and not long-term land occupation, input cost is greatly lowered, and Convey the filling of fermenting marsh gas material and the disassembling section of biogas residue and biogas simpler easy, present invention also offers using State the biogas method for generation of device.
However, methane-generating pit fermentation efficiency when environment temperature is relatively low is relatively low, although now many using artificial or boiler Heat to be incubated, but this heat preserving mode consumption energy, and add human cost.Meanwhile, the production of current methane-generating pit Raw biogas water content is higher, and this not only to add follow-up dehydration facility staff load, can also influence the desulfurization of desulfurizing agent Effect, these problems make current methane-generating pit in application by a definite limitation, to be improved.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes the methane-generating pit and its operation method of a kind of self-heat conserving, makes full use of The biogas of system itself is thermally shielded, effectively less heat loss, extends the working time of methane tank system, and is improved and be The stability for fermentation process of uniting.Meanwhile, the biogas of generation has carried out itself having carried out gravity dehydration during storage, makes conveying Biogas water content it is low, better quality.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
A kind of methane-generating pit of self-heat conserving, including between material reaction, discharge room and be wrapped in outer hollow between material reaction Gas storage interlayer;Between the material reaction rigidity supporting structure is provided between the bottom of hollow gas storage interlayer;
Also include feed pipe, the feed pipe runs through hollow gas storage interlayer and leads to inside between material reaction;Also include leading Top sets air duct inlet between tracheae, material reaction, and hollow gas storage is stretched in the free end of airway tube along hollow gas storage interlayer Interlayer bottom;Also include bottom between discharge nozzle, material reaction and discharge nozzle is set, discharge nozzle is connected with the discharge room;Also include Ponding collecting pipe in hollow gas storage interlayer, one end of ponding collecting pipe passes through and is fixed at the top of hollow gas storage interlayer On outer wall, the other end of ponding collecting pipe lays hollow gas storage interlayer bottom;Biogas is additionally provided with the top of hollow gas storage interlayer Delivery pipe.
It is spherical structure between the material reaction to be further.Using spherical structure, the fermentation of same volume is handled Thing, area of dissipation is minimum, substantially reduces heat loss, it is ensured that thermal source efficiency.
It is further that the dischargeable capacity between the material reaction is less than the dischargeable capacity of hollow gas storage interlayer.
The storage volumetric volume of hollow gas storage interlayer is larger, can store enough biogas, and will not be accounted for during storage biogas With the space between material reaction, therefore material between material reaction will not be pressed because of the pressure produced during biogas storage Go out methane-generating pit, it is ensured that the material in material reaction there are enough residence times.
It is further that the discharge room is cylinder.
It is further that the feed pipe is vertically accessed in material reaction, and to be arranged on material anti-for the outlet of feed pipe Not less than at 50mm below design liquid level between answering.
It is further, using the inclination angle for being not less than 1 ° downwards when discharge nozzle is installed.
It is further that valve is installed in the ponding collecting pipe exit.
It is further that the making material of self-heat conserving methane-generating pit is fiberglass or brick mix structure;During using brick mix structure, With brushing waterproof material, the brushing waterproof anti-gas-leak material on the inwall of hollow gas storage interlayer on the inwall of discharge room between material reaction Material.
On the other hand, present invention also offers a kind of operation method of the methane-generating pit of self-heat conserving, including step:
Fermentation materials are entered between material reaction by feed pipe, and anaerobic fermentation is carried out in material reaction;
React the biogas produced and hollow gas storage interlayer is entered by biogas airway tube;
During hollow gas storage interlayer storage, contained moisture can be because Action of Gravity Field be deposited to hollow gas storage folder in biogas Layer bottom, is discharged from ponding collecting pipe to outside;
The biogas of hollow gas storage interlayer is discharged by biogas delivery pipe;
After the completion of the material fermentation between material reaction, discharge room is discharged to by discharge nozzle.
Using the beneficial effect of the technical program:
1. hollow gas storage interlayer will be isolated entirely between material reaction with external environment, the low natural pond of thermal conductivity factor is utilized therebetween Gas is filled.When ambient temperature is relatively low, the heat produced in material reaction pond by fermentation process itself is to external radiation When need to be transmitted by biogas, for general methane-generating pit, the present invention substantially reduced to the rate of heat transfer of external radiation.
2. in the present invention, taking full advantage of the characteristics of Measurement of Gas Thermal Conductivity is low, the biogas that system is produced is looped around material Around between reaction.When ambient temperature is low, the reaction heat that system is produced too fast will not scatter and disappear, and be not required to the feelings of external heat source Itself temperature between material reaction can be maintained for a long time under condition, keep preferable treatment effect.
In the case where being incubated without additional heat energy, the present invention is produced in the low area of environment temperature by itself anaerobic fermentation Heat insulation duration it is higher than common methane-generating pit 2-3 times, extend the run time of methane-generating pit, improve its work imitate Rate.
3. contained moisture can be deposited to hollow gas storage interlayer bottom because of Action of Gravity Field in biogas, so as to reduce natural pond Moisture content in gas, alleviates the live load of follow-up dehydration facility.
4. the present invention design avoid due to biogas generation during air pressure fluctuation and so that completion of not fermenting Raw material is just directly pressed onto the situation of discharge room, make into raw material can fermentation completely after be then exhausted from, reduce fermentation process The fluctuation of progress, reduce the fluctuation of biogas output influences on the unstability for the treatment of effect so that system can be by design Steady residence time sewage is handled.
5. the present invention, is separately deposited, it is ensured that it is unnecessary not had during storage between the biogas and material reaction of generation Vapor enters biogas, makes the biogas water content of conveying relatively low, greatly reduces the processing load of discharging device in subsequent process.
6. the present invention, device treatment effect is stable, management service is more convenient, and the manually operation for running needs is less, fits Promoted together in rural area.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the methane-generating pit of self-heat conserving of the invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of birds-eye perspective of the methane-generating pit of self-heat conserving of the invention;
Fig. 3 is a kind of flow chart of the operation method of the methane-generating pit of self-heat conserving of the invention;
Wherein, 1 is that between material reaction, 2 be hollow gas storage interlayer, and 3 be discharge room, and 4 be feed pipe, and 5 be discharge nozzle, and 6 are Ponding collecting pipe, 7 be airway tube, and 8 be biogas delivery pipe, and 9 be supporting construction, and 10 be valve.
Embodiment
In order that the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are clearer, the present invention is made into one below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings Step is illustrated.
In embodiment, referring to shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the present invention proposes a kind of methane-generating pit of self-heat conserving, including material is anti- 1, discharge room 3 and the outer hollow gas storage interlayer 2 for being wrapped between material reaction 1 between answering;Between the material reaction 1 with hollow gas storage Rigidity supporting structure 9 is provided between the bottom of interlayer 2;
Also include feed pipe 4, the feed pipe 4 is through hollow gas storage interlayer 2 and leads to inside 1 between material reaction;Also wrap Include 1 top between airway tube 7, material reaction and the entrance of airway tube 7 is set, and the free end of airway tube 7 is stretched to along hollow gas storage interlayer 2 The hollow bottom of gas storage interlayer 2;Also include 1 bottom between discharge nozzle 5, material reaction and discharge nozzle 5, discharge nozzle 5 and the discharging are set Between 3 connection;Also include the ponding collecting pipe 6 being located in hollow gas storage interlayer 2, one end of ponding collecting pipe 6 passes through and is fixed on On the outer wall at the hollow top of gas storage interlayer 2, the other end of ponding collecting pipe 6 lays the hollow bottom of gas storage interlayer 2;In hollow gas storage The top of interlayer 2 is additionally provided with biogas delivery pipe 8.
As the prioritization scheme of above-described embodiment, 1 is spherical structure between the material reaction.Using spherical structure, processing The fermentate of same volume, area of dissipation is minimum, substantially reduces heat loss, it is ensured that thermal source efficiency.
Preferably, 1 dischargeable capacity is less than the dischargeable capacity of hollow gas storage interlayer 2 between the material reaction;
It is preferred that, 1 radius of a ball is 1.25-1.5m between material reaction, and dischargeable capacity is 8-16m3;The hollow gas storage folder The radius of a ball of layer 2 is 1.3-1.6m, and dischargeable capacity is 9-24m3.
The storage volumetric volume of hollow gas storage interlayer 2 is larger, can store enough biogas, and will not be accounted for during storage biogas With between material reaction 1 space, thus between material reaction 1 material will not because of the pressure produced during biogas storage by Extrude methane-generating pit, it is ensured that the material in 1 between material reaction there are enough residence times.
As the prioritization scheme of above-described embodiment, the discharge room 3 is cylinder;Preferred volume is 1-5m3.
As the prioritization scheme of above-described embodiment, the feed pipe 4 vertically between access material reaction 1 in, and feed pipe 4 Outlet is arranged between material reaction below 1 design liquid level not less than at 50mm;The preferred caliber of feed pipe 4 cannot be less than 120mm.
Using the inclination angle for being not less than 1 ° downwards when discharge nozzle 5 is installed.The preferred caliber of discharge nozzle 5 cannot be less than 150mm.
Valve 10 is installed in the exit of ponding collecting pipe 6;And the caliber of ponding collecting pipe 6 preferably cannot be less than 10mm。
It is preferred that, the caliber of the biogas airway tube 7 is 10-20mm;The caliber of the biogas delivery pipe 8 is 10-20mm.
As the prioritization scheme of above-described embodiment, the making material of self-heat conserving methane-generating pit is fiberglass or brick mix structure;Adopt When using brick mix structure, between material reaction 1 and discharge room 3 inwall on brushing waterproof material, in the inwall of hollow gas storage interlayer 2 Upper brushing waterproof anti-gas-leak material.
Specific embodiment:
A kind of optimization design is that the total dischargeable capacity of self-heat conserving methane-generating pit is in 14m3, and for single household, peasant household uses.Material reaction Between 1 radius of a ball be 1.3m, dischargeable capacity is 9.2m3, and the radius of a ball of hollow gas storage interlayer 2 is 1.4m, and dischargeable capacity is 11.5m3, discharge room 3 is cylinder, and volume is 2m3, and making material is used as from fiberglass.
1 top sets airway tube 7 between material reaction, and it is exported in the hollow bottom of gas storage interlayer 2, and caliber is 10mm;In The ponding collecting pipe 6 that its caliber is 10mm is installed in the bottom of empty gas storage interlayer 2, and the top of hollow gas storage interlayer 2 installs caliber and is 10mm biogas delivery pipe 8.In 1 between the vertical access material reaction of feed pipe 4, caliber 120mm, its outlet should be between material reaction Below 1 design liquid level at 50mm, discharge nozzle 5 is installed on 1 lower section between material reaction, and caliber 150mm sets not 2 ° downwards during installation Inclination angle.
To coordinate the realization of the inventive method, based on identical inventive concept, as shown in figure 3, present invention also offers one Plant the operation method of the methane-generating pit of self-heat conserving, including step:
Fermentation materials are entered 1 between material reaction by feed pipe 4, carry out anaerobic fermentation in 1 between material reaction;
React the biogas produced and hollow gas storage interlayer 2 is entered by biogas airway tube 7;
During hollow gas storage interlayer 2 is stored, contained moisture can be because Action of Gravity Field be deposited to hollow gas storage in biogas The bottom of interlayer 2, is discharged from ponding collecting pipe 6 to outside;
The biogas of hollow gas storage interlayer 2 is discharged by biogas delivery pipe 8;
After the completion of 1 material fermentation between material reaction, discharge room 3 is discharged to by discharge nozzle 5.
During specific implementation:
1 between fermentation materials enter material reaction by feed pipe 4,1 interior progress anaerobic fermentation, reaction between material reaction The biogas of generation enters hollow gas storage interlayer 2 by biogas airway tube 7, and the storage volumetric volume of hollow gas storage interlayer 2 is larger, energy The enough biogas of storage, and will not take between material reaction 1 space during storage biogas, thus between material reaction 1 material Methane-generating pit will not be forced out because of the pressure produced during biogas storage, it is ensured that the material in 1 between material reaction has foot Enough residence times.
After the completion of 1 material fermentation between material reaction, discharge room 3 is discharged to by discharge nozzle 5, can make Fertilizer application or Carry out subsequent treatment.The present invention design avoid due to biogas generation during air pressure fluctuation and so that completion of not fermenting Raw material be just directly pressed onto the situation of discharge room 3, make into raw material can be then exhausted from after fermentation completely, reduce and fermented Cheng Jinhang fluctuation.
When the biogas that fermentation process is produced is during the storage of hollow gas storage interlayer 2, in biogas contained moisture can because Action of Gravity Field and be deposited to the hollow bottom of gas storage interlayer 2, so as to reduce the moisture content in biogas, alleviate follow-up dehydration facility Live load, the ponding of the hollow bottom of gas storage interlayer 2 is discharged by ponding collecting pipe 6 after methane-generating pit is using the 2-3 months, with Keep the drying of biogas in hollow gas storage interlayer 2.Between material reaction 1 and external environment are isolated entirely from by hollow gas storage interlayer 2, Filled therebetween using the low biogas of thermal conductivity factor.When ambient temperature is relatively low, fermentation process is passed through in 1 between material reaction The heat itself produced need to be transmitted to during external radiation by biogas, for general methane-generating pit, of the invention to external radiation Rate of heat transfer substantially reduce.Therefore, in the case where being incubated without additional heat energy, the present invention is leaned in the low area of environment temperature The duration for the heat insulation that itself anaerobic fermentation is produced is higher than common methane-generating pit 2-3 times, extends the run time of methane-generating pit, Improve its operating efficiency.
The general principle and principal character and advantages of the present invention of the present invention has been shown and described above.The technology of the industry Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the simply explanation described in above-described embodiment and specification is originally The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible, these changes Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its Equivalent thereof.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of methane-generating pit of self-heat conserving, it is characterised in that including (1) between material reaction, discharge room (3) and to be wrapped in material anti- The hollow gas storage interlayer (2) of (1) outside between answering;It is provided between the material reaction between (1) and the bottom of hollow gas storage interlayer (2) Rigidity supporting structure (9);
Also include feed pipe (4), (1) is internal between the feed pipe (4) runs through hollow gas storage interlayer (2) and leads to material reaction; Also include airway tube (7), airway tube (7) entrance be set at the top of (1) between material reaction, and airway tube (7) free end along hollow Gas storage interlayer (2) stretches to hollow gas storage interlayer (2) bottom;Also include (1) bottom between discharge nozzle (5), material reaction and discharging is set Manage (5), discharge nozzle (5) is connected with the discharge room (3);Also include the ponding collecting pipe being located in hollow gas storage interlayer (2) (6), one end of ponding collecting pipe (6) passes through and is fixed on the outer wall at the top of hollow gas storage interlayer (2), ponding collecting pipe (6) The other end lay hollow gas storage interlayer (2) bottom;Biogas delivery pipe (8) is additionally provided with the top of hollow gas storage interlayer (2).
2. the methane-generating pit of a kind of self-heat conserving according to claim 1, it is characterised in that (1) is ball between the material reaction Shape structure.
3. the methane-generating pit of a kind of self-heat conserving according to claim 2, it is characterised in that (1) has between the material reaction Imitate the dischargeable capacity that volume is less than hollow gas storage interlayer (2).
4. the methane-generating pit of a kind of self-heat conserving according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the discharge room (3) is cylinder.
5. the methane-generating pit of a kind of self-heat conserving according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the feed pipe (4) is vertically accessed Between material reaction in (1), and the outlet of feed pipe (4) is arranged between material reaction below (1) design liquid level not less than at 50mm.
6. the methane-generating pit of a kind of self-heat conserving according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the discharge nozzle (5) is adopted when installing With the inclination angle for being not less than 1 ° downwards.
7. the methane-generating pit of a kind of self-heat conserving according to claim 6, it is characterised in that go out in the ponding collecting pipe (6) Valve (10) is installed at mouthful.
8. a kind of methane-generating pit of self-heat conserving according to any one in claim 1-7, it is characterised in that self-heat conserving biogas The making material in pond is fiberglass or brick mix structure;During using brick mix structure, (1) and discharge room (3) is interior between material reaction Brushing waterproof material on wall, the brushing waterproof anti-gas-leak material on the inwall of hollow gas storage interlayer (2).
9. a kind of operation method of the methane-generating pit of self-heat conserving, it is characterised in that including step:
Fermentation materials between material reaction (1), carry out anaerobic fermentation by feed pipe (4) between material reaction in (1);
React the biogas produced and hollow gas storage interlayer (2) is entered by biogas airway tube (7);
During hollow gas storage interlayer (2) storage, contained moisture can be because Action of Gravity Field be deposited to hollow gas storage folder in biogas Layer (2) bottom, is discharged from ponding collecting pipe (6) to outside;
The biogas of hollow gas storage interlayer (2) is discharged by biogas delivery pipe (8);
After the completion of the material fermentation of (1) between material reaction, discharge room (3) is discharged to by discharge nozzle (5).
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