CN105925348A - 用于钢的热轧油 - Google Patents

用于钢的热轧油 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105925348A
CN105925348A CN201610108294.9A CN201610108294A CN105925348A CN 105925348 A CN105925348 A CN 105925348A CN 201610108294 A CN201610108294 A CN 201610108294A CN 105925348 A CN105925348 A CN 105925348A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
oil
hot
rolled
ester
base
Prior art date
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Pending
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CN201610108294.9A
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English (en)
Inventor
苏彬诺伊·保罗
锡米·达挞
纳塔拉詹·斯瓦苏瑞安
拉金德拉·马哈帕拉
迪帕克·萨克恩纳
艾尔特普·萨言纳
比萨吉特·巴苏
普尔纳南德·帕塔克
阿普尔巴·库马尔·马里克
帕萨·普拉蒂姆·森古普塔
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INDIAN PETROLEUM CO Ltd
Indian Oil Corp Ltd
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INDIAN PETROLEUM CO Ltd
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Application filed by INDIAN PETROLEUM CO Ltd filed Critical INDIAN PETROLEUM CO Ltd
Publication of CN105925348A publication Critical patent/CN105925348A/zh
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    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
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    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C10M169/042—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B45/02—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于钢的热轧油。当使用适当的搅拌与水混合时，该油形成水包油分散体，并且在钢坯/板的轧制过程中提供了足够的润滑性和负荷能力。

Description

用于钢的热轧油
技术领域
本发明涉及一种适合于钢及其合金的热轧的油组合物。当使用适当的搅拌与水混合时，该油组合物形成水包油分散体，并且在钢坯/板的轧制过程中提供了足够的润滑性和负荷能力。
背景技术
需要许多步骤来制成钢。热轧过程是其中之一。这个过程重新加热、轧制并卷绕钢。在金属加工中，轧制是金属成型的方法，其中金属原料通过一对辊子。根据轧制金属的温度将轧制进行分类。如果金属的温度高于其再结晶温度，则该过程被称为热轧。如果金属的温度低于其再结晶温度，则该过程称为冷轧。在使用方面，热轧工艺比其他任何制造工艺占据更多吨位。
带钢热轧机(Hot Strip Mill)的主要功能是将半成品钢坯再加热接近其熔点，然后使其通过电机驱动的连续轧机机架而将其轧制地更薄且更长，最后将展长的钢板卷起来，运送至下一道工序。在常规的热轧带钢生产中，250毫米厚的板坯在炉中被加热，并在通过粗轧机之后厚度减少到30至60mm，然后通过在精轧机中轧制，厚度被进一步降低至0.8到25.4mm的范围。
热轧产品的例子是护栏、结构钢、混凝土钢筋、线材、板材、片材和带材。板材、片材和带材产品用于制造管材、建筑材料、车身面板和家电和汽车行业用的冲压件。
热轧操作中遇到的温度估计是非常高的。因此，提供控制辊的温度以改善其寿命的手段是必要的。冷却因此对于控制工作辊的温度是必要的，与此同时，用于防止工作辊和工件之间的金属-金属接触的润滑也是同样重要的。因此，热轧油需要满足两个关键性质，即，润滑和冷却。由于这些原因，对于热轧操作的应用来说，水包油分散体是优选的，因为水产生作为冷却性能，而在使用过程中从分散液中分离的油提供必要的润滑要求。
热轧油是分散体的应用，它是油(＞1％)和水(＜99％)在热轧过程中的机械混合物。典型的应用包括在5bar下每分钟40-50升。油被注入水流并通过静态管混合器混合，以形成被喷到工作辊/支承辊上的分散体。目标是在辊表面上形成强烈的润滑膜。轧制润滑剂的最重要的功能是在实际轧制中降低摩擦系数至所需水平。很大程度上依赖于轧制油制剂的轧制产品，其较好的表面光洁度是顾客的要求。
润滑剂的一个主要要求是它必须能润湿并附着在待润滑的表面。热轧油的良好的分散性应该为金属提供所需的润滑，因为它穿过辊，减少辊磨损，为辊和金属提供足够的冷却，提高带材质量，消除边缝/尺度缺陷(scale defect)。此外，良好的分散性也通过延长的运动长度(campaignlength)而提高生产率，防止工作辊的花费，具有以受限功率负载轧制较硬等级的能力，其结果是降低了功耗。同时，良好的分散性也降低了维护成本。
US4978465A公开了由天然脂肪和油衍生的改进的硫化金属加工润滑剂，其通过使天然脂肪或油与受阻多元醇和二羧酸反应而改性。所述改性的脂肪和油与脂肪酸酯的硫化共混物和润滑剂组合物可用于各种金属加工应用中，其中硫化改性的甘油三酯或硫化共混物与其它润滑油剂、乳化剂和添加剂相结合。
WO2011117892A2公开了一种适合于钢板轧制的油组合物。这种油由天然脂肪/油、合成酯、高粘度指数优质矿物油和其它性能添加剂(例如极压剂(extreme pressure)、抗磨剂、乳化剂、分散剂、抗氧化剂等)构成。通过轻度到中度搅动，该油组合物形成亚稳的水包油乳液。
现有技术文献公开了含有金属轧制油组合物和水的水包油分散体。然而，一种或多种传统的乳化剂被用作组合物中的一种或多种重要组分。在本发明中，目的是开发一种热轧油组合物用于更好的水包油乳液，而不使用常规乳化剂。
发明概述
因此，本发明提供了一种热轧油组合物，其包含：水包油分散体，其中所述油选自由脂肪油、或合成酯、或其组合，和任选的脂肪酸、基础油、或其组合组成的组；和1-12％w/w的硫化脂肪油、或硫化酯或其组合，所述热轧油组合物包含在所述组合物中0.1至2.0％w/w的硫含量，其中热轧油组合物在水中的分散体具有在0.05-0.25范围内的乳液稳定性指数(ESI)和2000-3000lbs的负荷能力。
在本发明的一个实施方式中，组合物中的总硫含量在1.0到1.1％w/w的范围内。
在本发明的另一个实施方式中，脂肪油或合成酯或其组合的量占组合物的约20％到90％w/w。
在本发明的进一步另一个实施方式中，脂肪酸的量在约0-15重量％w/w的范围内。
在本发明的又一实施方式中，基础油的量在约0-75重量％w/w的范围内。
在本发明的另一个实施方式中，硫化脂肪油或硫化合成酯的量在1-12％w/w的范围内
在本发明的又一实施方式中，在油的负荷能力(即Falex Jaw负荷)和至多0.25的乳液稳定性指数(ESI)之间存在协同和直接相关。
在本发明的另一个实施方式中，纯的热轧的摩擦系数为0.09到0.12。
在本发明的另一个实施方式中，硫化脂肪油衍生自棕榈油、豆油、猪油、葵花籽油、玉米油、大豆油、菜籽油、花生油、橄榄油、芥花油(canola oil)、棉籽油、蓖麻油、松节油、妥尔油(toll oil)、或其组合。
在本发明的另一个实施方式中，硫化合成酯选自Dover Chemical的猪油和酯，选自Base 10SE，Base 101，Mayco Base 1351，Mayco Base 1210，Sulperm 18和Base 44；来自Rhein Chemie的Additin 4412F，Additin RC2310，Additin RC2410和Additin RC2526；King Industry的脂肪酸酯NA-LUBE EP-5210，NA-LUBE EP-5216；脂肪油酯或脂肪油(Fatty Oil Ester或Fatty oil)：NA-LUBE EP-5310，NA-LUBE EP-5316；烯烃或脂肪油(Olefins或Fatty Oil)：NA-LUBE EP-5415，NA-LUBE EP-5425；Arkema，INC.的蔬菜多硫化物的硫化酯VPS 11，VPS 15和VPS17；Lubrizol的Synester SE 110和synester SE 115。
在本发明的进一步另一个实施方式中，基础油是从组I、II、III或IV基础原料(base stock)或其组合中选择的润滑剂基础。
在本发明的又一实施方式中，热轧油可以进一步包括常规添加剂，如游离脂肪酸(如油酸、硬脂酸)、含胺的抗氧剂、酚醛类(phenolicgroup)、含有硅酮的消泡剂。
在本发明的另一个实施方式中，脂肪油选自棕榈油、椰子油、karanjea油、菜籽油和牛脂(tallow)。
在本发明的又一实施方式中，合成酯选自硬脂酸丁酯、PEG酯、山梨坦酯、甘油酯、TMP三油酸酯、季戊四醇二油酸酯和四油酸酯。
在本发明的进一步另一个实施方式中，水包油分散体包含约5％w/w或更少的任何前述权利要求的轧制油组合物，和约95％w/w或更高的水。
在本发明的又一实施方式中，分散体不含有使在水包油分散体得到0.05-0.25的所需乳化稳定性指数(ESI)的任何常规乳化剂。
发明详述
本发明公开了一种适合于钢及其合金的热轧的油组合物。本发明还公开了制备油组合物的方法及其适合用于钢及其合金的热轧的水包油分散体。
硫化脂肪油和酯是良好的极压添加剂。提供给润滑油组合物的硫量将取决于硫化脂肪油或酯或其混合物的硫含量以及添加到组合物中的量。
本发明公开了一种热轧油组合物，其包含：油，所述油选自由脂肪油和/或合成酯、或其组合；硫化脂肪油和或硫化酯或其组合，以及任选的脂肪酸、或基础油、或其组合构成的组；其中，热轧油组合物包含在所述组合物中0.1至2.0％w/w的硫含量。所述油组合物也可含有其他常见的添加剂，如抗氧化剂、消泡剂、VI改进以及它们的混合物。
在一个实施方式中，公开了用于钢和/或其合金的热轧油组合物，该组合物含有20％至90％w/w的脂肪油和/或合成酯，0-15％w/w的脂肪酸，0-75％w/w的基础油，和1％-12％w/w的硫化脂肪油和/或硫化酯。
根据本发明，基础油是从组I、II、III或IV基础原料或其混合物中选择的润滑剂基础。脂肪油选自棕榈油、椰子油、karanjea油、菜籽油、动物脂等及其混合物。合成酯选自硬脂酸丁酯、PEG酯、山梨坦酯、甘油酯、TMP三油酸酯、季戊四醇二油酸酯&四油酸酯等及其组合。
根据本发明，所述热轧油组合物中总的硫含量在0.1到2.0％w/w的范围内，优选在1.0％到1.1％w/w的范围内。在本发明的一个实施方式中，硫的一个来源是硫化脂肪油。硫化脂肪油衍生自棕榈油、豆油(soyaoil)、猪油、葵花籽油、玉米油、大豆油(soybean oil)、菜籽油、花生油、橄榄油、芥花油、棉籽油、蓖麻油、松节油、妥尔油、或其组合。
在另一个实施方式中，硫的另一个来源是硫化合成酯。根据本发明，硫化合成酯选自Dover Chemical的添加剂，诸如Base 10SE、Base 101、Mayco Base 1351、Mayco Base 1210、Sulperm 18和Base 44；来自RheinChemie的Additin 4412F、Additin RC 2310、Additin RC2410和AdditinRC2526；King Industry的脂肪酸酯NA-LUBE EP-5210，NA-LUBE EP-5216；脂肪油酯/脂肪油：NA-LUBE EP-5310、NA-LUBE EP-5316；烯烃/脂肪油：NA-LUBE EP-5415、NA-LUBE EP-5425；Arkema，INC.的蔬菜多硫化物的硫化酯VPS 11、VPS 15和VPS17；Lubrizol的Synester SE 110和synester SE 115。
当所述组合物中的硫含量在1.0-1.1％w/w的范围内时，观察到最大的润滑和负荷性能。
本发明还公开了一种水包油分散体，其包含5％w/w的根据本发明的轧制油组合物和约95％w/w的水。在一个实施方式中，分散体具有在0.05-0.25范围内的乳液稳定性指数(ESI)。乳化稳定性指数(ESI)被用来确定分散稳定性。
根据本发明，分散体不含有任何常规的乳化剂，如环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷或其缩合物、胺乙氧基化物、醇乙氧基化物(alcohol ethoxilate)、磺酸盐、丙二醇和乙二醇的共聚物、多元醇、聚氧乙烯醇醚、聚氧乙烯壬基苯基醚等。
可以理解的是，仅仅具有润滑粘度的油和硫化脂肪油(一种或多种)或酯或其混合物的组合不足以制作优质钢热轧油。因此，上述二者的优化组合是基于化学性质来选择，以获得适用于钢及其合金热轧的轧制油组合物。
为了制备根据本发明的热轧油组合物，将基础油加热到45-50℃，同时搅拌。热轧油相通过在搅拌条件下将脂肪油(一种或多种)或合成酯(一种或多种)或其组合、脂肪酸、抗磨剂和极压添加剂、硫化脂肪油或酯或其组合、抗氧化剂陆续添加到基础油中来制备。在添加下一种添加剂之前，对于每种添加剂给予5-10分钟的合理时间以溶解一种添加剂。
加入最终的添加剂后，通过搅拌将轧制油共混物搅拌另外30分钟并加热到45-50℃。普通的Remi搅拌器可用于搅拌和溶解加入基础油中的添加剂。必须采取预防措施，以避免油相的过度加热(＞60℃)。用来制备分散体的水为以CaCO3形式的200ppm硬水，其通过在蒸馏水中溶解所需量的无水氯化钙、MgSO4H2O和NaHCO3在并将pH调节至6.5-7.5来制备。
分散特性通过如下方法评估：在50℃下加入5％的热轧油相到水相(总计200ml分散体)，并用均化器在高剪切@11000rpm下搅拌分散体2分钟，并在制备后立即将分散体倾倒在400毫升刻度的玻璃柱中，并将其在50℃的空气烘箱中保持30分钟，并找出200ml分散体的100ml顶部相和100ml底部相各自的油含量。乳化稳定性指数(ESI)是底部相与顶部相的油含量之比。本发明乳化稳定性指数(ESI)在0.05-0.25的范围内，这显示出热轧油组合物的优异的润滑性能。
制剂的润滑性能可以根据纯轧制油的摩擦系数和水分散体中轧制油的Falex Jaw Load(轧制油的负荷能力)进行评价。这是按照ASTM D-6425(摩擦系数)和(Falex Jaw Load)进行的。好的热轧油的特征在于，最佳的摩擦系数(润滑)和高Falex Jaw Load(负荷能力)。
已经描述了本发明的基本方面，下面的非限制性实施例说明其具体实施例。
实施例1
根据本发明，制备了具有不同量的各个组分的热轧油组合物。乳化稳定性指数(ESI)通过30分钟后测定总计200ml分散体的100ml顶部相和100ml底部相各自的油含量之比来确定。该分散体是通过10-15ml浓盐酸在专用乳化分瓶(在窄顶部具有最小0.1毫升刻度)中分开的。
根据ASTM D-6425(摩擦系数)和ASTM-D 3233(Falex Jaw Load)来测定摩擦系数和Falex Jaw Load(轧制油的负荷能力)。三个测试的结果描述于表1中。
表1：

Claims (15)

1.一种热轧油组合物，其包含：
水包油分散体，其中所述油选自由脂肪油、或合成酯、或其组合，和任选的脂肪酸、基础油、或其组合组成的组，和1-12％w/w的硫化脂肪油、或硫化酯或其组合，所述热轧油组合物包含在所述组合物中0.1至2.0％w/w的硫含量，其中热轧油组合物在水中的分散体具有在0.05-0.25范围内的乳液稳定性指数(ESI)和2000-3000lbs的负荷能力。
2.如权利要求1的热轧油组合物，其中，所述组合物中的总硫含量在1.0到1.1％w/w的范围内。
3.如权利要求1的热轧油组合物，其中，脂肪油或合成酯或其组合的量占所述组合物的约20％到90％w/w。
4.如权利要求1的热轧油组合物，其中，脂肪酸的量在约0-15重量％w/w的范围内。
5.如权利要求1的热轧油组合物，其中，基础油的量在约0-75重量％w/w的范围内。
6.如权利要求1的热轧油组合物，其中，在油的负荷能力即Falex Jaw负荷和至多0.25的乳液稳定性指数(ESI)之间存在协同和直接相关。
7.如权利要求1的热轧油组合物，其中，纯的热轧的摩擦系数为0.09到0.12。
8.如权利要求1的热轧油组合物，其中，所述硫化脂肪油衍生自棕榈油、豆油、猪油、葵花籽油、玉米油、大豆油、菜籽油、花生油、橄榄油、芥花油、棉籽油、蓖麻油、松节油、妥尔油、或其组合。
9.如权利要求1的热轧油组合物，其中，所述硫化合成酯选自Dover Chemical的猪油和酯，选自Base 10SE、Base 101、Mayco Base 1351、Mayco Base 1210、Sulperm 18和Base 44；来自Rhein Chemie的Additin4412F，Additin RC 2310，Additin RC2410和Additin RC2526；King Industry的脂肪酸酯NA-LUBE EP-5210，NA-LUBE EP-5216；脂肪油酯或脂肪油：NA-LUBE EP-5310，NA-LUBE EP-5316；烯烃或脂肪油：NA-LUBE EP- 5415，NA-LUBE EP-5425；Arkema，INC.的蔬菜多硫化物的硫化酯VPS 11，VPS 15和VPS17；Lubrizol的Synester SE 110和synester SE 115。
10.如权利要求1的热轧油组合物，其中，所述基础油是从组I、II、III或IV基础原料或其组合中选择的润滑剂基础。
11.如权利要求1的热轧油组合物，其进一步包括常规添加剂，如游离脂肪酸如油酸、硬脂酸，含胺的抗氧剂，酚醛类，含有硅酮的消泡剂。
12.如权利要求1的热轧油组合物，其中，所述脂肪油选自棕榈油、椰子油、karanjea油、菜籽油和动物脂。
13.如权利要求1的热轧油组合物，其中，所述合成酯选自硬脂酸丁酯、PEG酯、山梨坦酯、甘油酯、TMP三油酸酯、季戊四醇二油酸酯和四油酸酯。
14.如权利要求1的热轧油组合物，其中，所述水包油分散体包含约5％w/w或更少的任何前述权利要求的轧制油组合物，和约95％w/w或更高的水。
15.如权利要求14的热轧油组合物，其中，所述分散体不含有为了制备乳化稳定性指数(ESI)为0.05-0.25的水包油分散体的任何常规的乳化剂。
CN201610108294.9A 2015-02-28 2016-02-26 用于钢的热轧油 Pending CN105925348A (zh)

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