CN105908062A - 一种高铬铸铁精密铸件生产方法 - Google Patents
一种高铬铸铁精密铸件生产方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105908062A CN105908062A CN201610267576.3A CN201610267576A CN105908062A CN 105908062 A CN105908062 A CN 105908062A CN 201610267576 A CN201610267576 A CN 201610267576A CN 105908062 A CN105908062 A CN 105908062A
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- Prior art keywords
- chromium
- molten metal
- casting
- temperature
- cast iron
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium Chemical compound data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910000499 pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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[C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005495 investment casting Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/08—Manufacture of cast-iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
Abstract
本发明公开一种高铬铸铁精密铸件生产方法，其特点是包括备好生铁、废钢和铬，并将生铁、废钢投入熔炼炉内熔炼成第一金属液；与此同时，在800~850℃的温度下对铬进行烘烤，并在此温度下保温2~3小时；停止加温，至铬的温度降至740~760℃时，将铬加入熔炼炉内与第一金属液一起熔炼至铬完全熔化，得到第二金属液；对第二金属液进行化学分析，使第二金属液中的碳含量为2.3~3.6%，铬含量为24~26%；利用模具浇铸成所需的高铬铸铁精密铸件等步骤。采用这种方法铸造来高铬铸铁精密铸，可降低能耗和生产成本。适用于阀体之类工件的铸造。
Description
技术领域
[0001]本发明涉及一种铸造方法。具体说，是铬含量较高的铸铁精密铸件的铸造方法。适用于阀体之类工件的铸造。
背景技术
[0002]目前，在铸造行业都知道，对高铬铸铁精密铸件的传统铸造方法是先将生铁、废钢和铬，一起投入熔炼炉内熔炼成金属液。再对金属液进行化学分析，使第二金属液中的碳含量为2.3-3.6%，铬含量为24〜26%。最后，利用模具浇铸成所需的高铬铸铁精密铸件。由于铬含量高达24〜26%，含量较高，在高温下铬易于空气发生反应，产生夹杂物，使得铸件表面和内在质量恶化，导致废品率高达50%以上。又由于铬的含量较高，工件浇铸冷却至500〜550°C时，铸件的韧性会急剧下降，使得铸件易出现裂纹、开裂现象，由此产生的废品率高达10%以上。总之，采用上述方法生产的高铬铸铁精密铸件废品率较高且高达60%以上，能耗高，生产成本高。
发明内容
[0003]本发明要解决的问题是提供一种高铬铸铁精密铸件生产方法。采用这种方法来铸造高铬铸铁精密铸，可降低能耗和生产成本。
[0004]本发明要解决的上述问题由以下技术方案实现:
本发明的高铬铸铁精密铸件生产方法特点是包括以下步骤:
先备好生铁、废钢和铬，并将生铁、废钢投入熔炼炉内熔炼成第一金属液；
与此同时，在800〜850 °C的温度下对铬进行烘烤，并在此温度下保温2〜3小时；
之后，停止加温，至铬的温度降至740〜760°C时，将铬加入熔炼炉内与第一金属液一起熔炼至铬完全熔化，得到第二金属液；
之后，对第二金属液进行化学分析，使第二金属液中的碳含量为2.3〜3.6%，络含量为24〜26%.;
最后，利用模具浇铸成所需的高铬铸铁精密铸件。
[0005]采取上述方案，具有以下优点:
由上述方案可以看出，由于本发明采取在800〜850°C的温度下对铬烘烤并在此温度下保温2〜3小时后，停止加温，至铬的温度降至740〜760 °C时，才将铬加入熔炼炉内与第一金属液一起熔炼，与背景技术中不仅加温就将铬加入熔炼炉内熔炼的方法相比，大大缩短了加入铬后的熔炼时间，使得铬加入熔炼炉后与空气的接触时间较短，从而减少了铬在高温下的氧化，降低了铸件中的氧化夹杂物，从而提高了铸件表面和内在质量，使得铸件的废品率大大降低。据统计，采用本发明的方法来铸造高铬铸铁精密铸件，废品率可降低99%以上。
[0006]具体实施方法
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。
[0007] 实施例一先备好生铁、废钢和铬，并将生铁、废钢投入熔炼炉内熔炼成第一金属液；
与此同时，在800〜850 °C的温度下对铬进行烘烤，并在此温度下保温3小时；
之后，停止加温，至铬的温度降至760°C时，将铬加入熔炼炉内与第一金属液一起熔炼至铬完全熔化，得到第二金属液；
之后，对第二金属液进行化学分析，使第二金属液中的碳含量为2.3%，铬含量为24%.; 最后，利用模具浇铸成所需的高铬铸铁精密铸件。
[0008]是实施例二
先备好生铁、废钢和铬，并将生铁、废钢投入熔炼炉内熔炼成第一金属液；
与此同时，在830°C的温度下对铬进行烘烤，并在此温度下保温2.5小时；
之后，停止加温，至铬的温度降至750°C时，将铬加入熔炼炉内与第一金属液一起熔炼至铬完全熔化，得到第二金属液；
之后，对第二金属液进行化学分析，使第二金属液中的碳含量为3.0%，铬含量为25%.; 最后，利用模具浇铸成所需的高铬铸铁精密铸件。
[0009] 实施例三
先备好生铁、废钢和铬，并将生铁、废钢投入熔炼炉内熔炼成第一金属液；
与此同时，在850 °C的温度下对铬进行烘烤，并在此温度下保温2小时；
之后，停止加温，至铬的温度降至740°C时，将铬加入熔炼炉内与第一金属液一起熔炼至铬完全熔化，得到第二金属液；
之后，对第二金属液进行化学分析，使第二金属液中的碳含量为3.6%，络含量为26%.； 最后，利用模具浇铸成所需的高铬铸铁精密铸件。
Claims (1)
1.一种高铬铸铁精密铸件生产方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤: 先备好生铁、废钢和铬，并将生铁、废钢投入熔炼炉内熔炼成第一金属液； 与此同时，在800〜850 °C的温度下对铬进行烘烤，并在此温度下保温2〜3小时； 之后，停止加温，至铬的温度降至740〜760°C时，将铬加入熔炼炉内与第一金属液一起熔炼至铬完全熔化，得到第二金属液； 之后，对第二金属液进行化学分析，使第二金属液中的碳含量为2.3〜3.6%，络含量为24〜26%.; 最后，利用模具浇铸成所需的高铬铸铁精密铸件。
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| US20050103161A1 (en) * | 2001-12-10 | 2005-05-19 | Hiroshi Horie | Method for reuse of steel sheet scrap |
| CN102925783A (zh) * | 2012-10-09 | 2013-02-13 | 西安交通大学 | 一种过共晶高铬白口铸铁的制备方法 |
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| US20050103161A1 (en) * | 2001-12-10 | 2005-05-19 | Hiroshi Horie | Method for reuse of steel sheet scrap |
| CN102925783A (zh) * | 2012-10-09 | 2013-02-13 | 西安交通大学 | 一种过共晶高铬白口铸铁的制备方法 |
| CN103060667A (zh) * | 2013-01-05 | 2013-04-24 | 宁国市中意耐磨材料有限公司 | 超硬中铬铸造磨球及其生产工艺方法 |
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