CN105896855A - Stator permanent magnet-type double-mechanical port motor for extended-range electric vehicle and power assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a stator permanent magnet double mechanical port motor and a power assembly for an extended-range electric vehicle. The stator permanent magnet type dual mechanical port motor for range-extended electric vehicles includes a generator and a drive motor. The generator is an inner rotor stator permanent magnet type inner motor composed of a motor input shaft, an inner rotor and a permanent magnet inner stator. The drive motor is An outer rotor stator permanent magnet outer motor is composed of a permanent magnet outer stator, an outer rotor and a motor output shaft. The invention realizes the integrated manufacturing of the generator and the drive motor of the extended-range electric vehicle, greatly reduces the volume, and saves the space in the internal combustion engine compartment; the drive motor adopts an external rotor structure, operates in a low-speed high-torque mode, and can directly drive the vehicle , no reduction gear is needed, which reduces the complexity of the system; there are no windings and permanent magnets on the inner and outer rotors, no brushes and slip rings, which reduces loss and facilitates maintenance.

Description

Stator permanent magnet double mechanical port motor and powertrain for range-extended electric vehicles

technical field

The invention relates to a stator permanent magnet double mechanical port motor and a power assembly for an extended-range electric vehicle, belonging to the electric vehicle power technology.

Background technique

In recent years, with the deterioration of the global environment and the increasing shortage of oil resources, the traditional automobile industry is facing a severe test. Therefore, the research and development of energy-saving and environmentally friendly new energy vehicles has become one of the strategic industries of governments around the world and one of the hot spots that experts and scholars at home and abroad pay attention to. As a category of new energy vehicles, range-extended electric vehicles stand out for their remarkable advantages of low fuel consumption, low exhaust emissions, and long cruising range, and have developed rapidly.

The key core technology to effectively improve the performance of extended-range electric vehicles is to develop high-performance powertrain systems. The powertrain system of an extended-range electric vehicle is composed of a power battery system, a power drive system, a vehicle control system and a range-extended power generation system, and the vehicle controller completes the operation control strategy. The core part of the program electric vehicle powertrain system. The power drive system is composed of an electric motor and a differential reducer, and the range-extending power generation system is composed of an internal combustion engine and a generator. Since the powertrain system of the extended-range electric vehicle contains many components and occupies a large volume, it brings difficulties to the layout of the internal combustion engine room. Especially for the compact car with the largest domestic share, the installation space of the internal combustion engine compartment is extremely limited. One solution is to install the power drive system and the range-extending power generation system in the front compartment and the rear compartment of the car respectively, but this not only takes up a lot of space, but also makes installation and maintenance difficult due to the complex overall structure.

In order to reduce the volume of the powertrain system of an extended-range electric vehicle, Chinese patent ZL201320689759.6 proposes a coaxial dual-rotor/double-stator motor. The motor is composed of an outer rotor, a first stator, a second stator and an inner rotor, the first stator surrounds the second stator, and there is a gap between the two, and a cooling water channel is provided in the gap; the motor input shaft , the inner rotor and the second stator form an electrically excited synchronous generator; the first stator, the outer rotor and the output shaft of the motor form a built-in permanent magnet synchronous drive motor. The motor structure realizes the integrated manufacturing of the generator and the drive motor of the extended-range electric vehicle, thereby greatly reducing the volume and saving the space in the internal combustion engine compartment. However, this motor still has the following disadvantages: (1) The permanent magnet is placed inside the outer rotor core, which destroys the overall mechanical strength of the rotor, and is easy to vibrate during operation, with low reliability; (2) The generator uses an electrically excited synchronous motor, so Brushes and slip rings are required, and brushes and slip rings require regular maintenance and will cause additional losses; (3) The heat dissipation water channel is placed between the first stator and the second stator, and the permanent magnets of the outer rotor and the inner rotor cannot be taken away. The heat of the rotor field coil. Obviously, excessive temperature will lead to irreversible demagnetization of the permanent magnet of the outer rotor and burnout of the excitation coil of the inner rotor, which greatly limits the overload capacity of the entire system and also reduces the reliability of the system; (4) the number of pole pairs of the outer motor Less, can not take advantage of the low-speed and high-torque characteristics of the outer rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor; (5) A reducer is required between the output shaft and the wheel differential, which not only occupies a volume, increases the complexity of the system, but also causes additional losses , reducing system reliability.

Contents of the invention

Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a stator permanent magnet double mechanical port motor and power assembly for an extended-range electric vehicle, which is small in size and easy to arrange.

Technical scheme: in order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

A stator permanent magnet type dual mechanical port motor for extended-range electric vehicles, including a housing, a motor input shaft, a motor output shaft, and an inner rotor installed inside the housing, a permanent magnet inner stator, a motor fixing ring, and a permanent magnet Type outer stator and outer rotor, and the inner rotor, permanent magnet inner stator, motor fixing ring, permanent magnet outer stator and outer rotor are set from the inner to outer coaxial line; the motor fixing ring is made of non-magnetic metal material; the motor input The right end of the shaft is located in the housing, and the left end protrudes from the housing; the left end of the motor output shaft is located in the housing, and the right end protrudes from the housing; the inner rotor is fixed coaxially with the right end of the motor input shaft, and the permanent magnet inner stator fits the inner surface of the motor fixing ring Fixed, the permanent magnet type outer stator is fixed to the outer surface of the motor fixing ring, and the outer rotor is fixed on the coaxial line with the left end of the motor output shaft; the motor input shaft, inner rotor and permanent magnet inner stator form an inner rotor stator permanent magnet inner motor , which is called a generator; the permanent magnet outer stator, outer rotor and motor output shaft form an outer rotor stator permanent magnet outer motor, which is called a drive motor.

The motor fixing ring is made of non-magnetic metal material, which is used to connect the permanent magnet type outer stator and the permanent magnet type inner stator, and fix the two stators on the housing, while blocking the magnetic field coupling between the two stators; generally in the motor The input shaft and the casing are connected by bearings and designed with oil seals, and the output shaft of the motor and the casing are also connected by bearings and designed with oil seals.

Preferably, the permanent magnets and armature windings of the generator are installed on the permanent magnet inner stator, and the inner rotor is made of pure silicon steel sheets laminated circumferentially; the permanent magnets and armature windings of the drive motor are installed on the permanent magnet outer stator Above, the outer rotor is made of pure silicon steel sheets laminated circumferentially.

Preferably, the stators of the permanent magnet inner stator and the permanent magnet outer stator are of the same type, and both are flux switching motor stators, doubly salient pole permanent magnet motor stators or flux inversion motor stators.

Preferably, the motor fixing ring is provided with heat dissipation holes, and the heat dissipation holes can be externally connected with cooling equipment; rapid heat dissipation of the stator permanent magnet double mechanical port motor is realized through heat dissipation control.

A power assembly adopting the stator permanent magnet type dual mechanical port motor for range-extended electric vehicles, comprising a stator permanent magnet type dual mechanical port motor for range-extended electric vehicles, an internal combustion engine, a dual motor controller, a battery and Differential, stator permanent magnet type dual mechanical port motor for extended-range electric vehicles includes a generator and a drive motor, the motor input shaft of the generator is directly connected to the output shaft of the internal combustion engine, and the motor output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the input of the differential The shafts are directly connected; the driving energy obtained by the dual-motor controller from the battery outputs power through the driving motor and is directly transmitted to the differential; the power generation energy obtained by the dual-motor controller from the battery is output through the generator to directly start the internal combustion engine, and the internal combustion engine Drive the generator to generate electricity, and the generated electric energy is stored in the battery through the dual motor controller.

There are two working conditions for the powertrain described above, as follows:

In one case, the dual-motor controller obtains energy from the battery, and then outputs power to the differential through the driving motor;

In another case, the generator first obtains energy from the battery through the dual-motor controller, and drives the internal combustion engine to the optimal operating point speed; then the internal combustion engine ignites and runs, and drives the generator to run; The battery is charged; the dual-motor controller still obtains energy from the battery, outputs power through the drive motor, and directly transmits it to the differential.

The stator permanent magnet type dual mechanical port motor for the extended-range electric vehicle in the above powertrain can also be replaced by a stator permanent magnet type power generation controller and a stator permanent magnet type drive motor controller that are independent of each other.

Beneficial effects: the stator permanent magnet type dual mechanical port motor and power assembly for the extended-range electric vehicle provided by the present invention realize the integrated setting and manufacture of the generator and the driving motor of the extended-range electric vehicle, and adopt the stator permanent magnet type The double mechanical port motor is used as the generator and the driving motor, which mainly has the following beneficial effects: 1. The size is greatly reduced, saving the space in the internal combustion engine compartment; 2. There is no magnetic field coupling between the generator and the driving motor, and the control is simple; 3. The permanent magnet Installed on the stator, it has strong shock resistance and high reliability; 4. There are cooling holes on the fixed ring of the motor, and the fixed ring is directly in contact with the stator installed with armature winding and permanent magnet, so the heat dissipation is good; 5. The permanent magnet of the stator The external rotor motor has the characteristics of low speed and high torque, and can be directly connected with the wheel differential without reduction gear, thus reducing the cost and increasing the reliability of the system; 6. Both the inner and outer rotors are laminated with silicon steel sheets It is not only easy to process but also does not need brushes and slip rings, and has the advantages of firmness and high reliability.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a stator permanent magnet double mechanical port motor for an extended-range electric vehicle;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the energy trend of the powertrain system of the extended-range electric vehicle (pure electric mode);

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the energy trend of the powertrain system of the extended-range electric vehicle (range-extended mode).

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, it is a stator permanent magnet double mechanical port motor for an extended-range electric vehicle, including a housing 9 (cast aluminum material can be used), a motor input shaft 6, a motor output shaft 5, and a motor mounted on the housing 9. Internal inner rotor 4, permanent magnet inner stator 2, motor fixing ring 7, permanent magnet outer stator 1 and outer rotor 3, and inner rotor 4, permanent magnet inner stator 2, motor fixing ring 7, permanent magnet outer The stator 1 and the outer rotor 3 are coaxially arranged from the inside to the outside; the motor fixing ring 7 is made of non-magnetic metal material; the right end of the motor input shaft 6 is located in the housing 9, and the left end extends out of the housing 9, and the left end of the motor output shaft 5 is located The inner and right ends of the housing 9 protrude from the housing 9; the inner rotor 4 is fixed coaxially with the right end of the motor input shaft 6, the permanent magnet type inner stator 2 is attached to the inner surface of the motor fixing ring 7, and the permanent magnet type outer stator 1 is attached The outer surface of the motor fixing ring 7 is fixed, and the outer rotor 3 is coaxially fixed with the left end of the motor output shaft 5 (crankshaft structure).

Described motor input shaft 6, inner rotor 4 and permanent magnet type inner stator 2 constitute an inner rotor stator permanent magnet type inner motor, which is referred to as generator 11; because generator 11 diameter is less, so the design of this case can be The output power of the motor output shaft 5 is effectively improved, and the operating efficiency is increased.

Described permanent magnet type outer stator 1, outer rotor 3 and motor output shaft 5 constitute an outer rotor stator permanent magnet type outer motor, which is referred to as drive motor 12; because drive motor 12 has the characteristics of low speed and high torque, it can be Direct drive cars, no reduction gears required.

The permanent magnets and armature windings of the generator 11 are installed on the permanent magnet type inner stator 2, and the inner rotor 4 is formed by laminating the pure silicon steel sheets in the circumferential direction; the permanent magnets and armature windings of the drive motor 12 are installed on the permanent magnet On the outer stator 1, the outer rotor 3 is made of pure silicon steel sheets laminated in the circumferential direction. In this case, the permanent magnet inner stator 2 and the permanent magnet outer stator 1 are of the same stator type, and they are both flux switching motor stators, doubly salient pole permanent magnet motor stators, or flux inversion motor stators. Preferably, the motor fixing ring 7 is provided with a heat dissipation hole 8, and the heat dissipation hole 8 can be externally connected with cooling equipment.

Further, an oil seal design is adopted between the casing 9 and the motor input shaft 6 . Similarly, an oil seal design is also adopted between the casing 9 and the motor output shaft 5 . In this way, the lubricating oil or cooling oil is sealed inside the entire synchronous motor, and the oil is splashed when the inner and outer rotors rotate, which can cool the inner and outer rotors and improve the continuous performance of the motor.

As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, it is a powertrain system of an extended-range electric vehicle including: an internal combustion engine 10, a generator 11 composed of a permanent magnet inner stator 2, an inner rotor 4 and a motor input shaft 6 (as shown in Figure 1 shown), a drive motor 12 (as shown in Figure 1 ) consisting of a permanent magnet type outer stator 1, an outer rotor 3 and a motor output shaft 5, a dual-motor controller 13, a storage battery 14, and a differential 15. The dual motor controller 13 can also be changed into two independent motor controllers.

The range-extending electric vehicle has two working modes, which are pure electric mode and range-extending mode.

Referring to FIG. 2 , when the battery 14 has high power, the dual-motor controller 13 obtains energy from the battery 14 , outputs power through the drive motor 12 , and directly transmits it to the wheel differential 15 to drive the vehicle forward. This is pure electric mode. At this time, the internal combustion engine 10 is turned off, and the generator 11 does not work.

Referring to Fig. 3, when the battery 14 is low in power, the generator 11 first obtains energy from the battery 14 through the dual-motor controller 13, outputs short-term high torque to start the internal combustion engine 10, and drives the internal combustion engine to the optimum operating point Rotating speed. Subsequently, the internal combustion engine 10 starts to work and drives the generator 11 to run. The generator 11 charges the battery 14 through the dual motor controller 13 . The dual-motor controller 13 still obtains energy from the battery 14, outputs power through the drive motor 12, and directly transmits it to the wheel differential 15 to drive the vehicle forward. In this way, the continuous operation of the drive motor 12 can be maintained. This is the extended range mode.

For the extended-range electric vehicle, the output shaft of the internal combustion engine 10 does not directly participate in the driving of the whole vehicle, but is only used for charging when the battery 14 is insufficient. Therefore, there is no torque fluctuation when switching from pure electric mode to extended range mode, and the ride comfort of the whole vehicle is guaranteed.

The stator permanent magnet motor for the extended-range electric vehicle of this application has the following advantages:

First, the volume is greatly reduced, saving space in the internal combustion engine cabin. The inner and outer motors are concentrically distributed, and this structure can greatly reduce the axial length of the entire stator permanent magnet double mechanical port motor. For the current mainstream power system with horizontally mounted internal combustion engine and horizontally mounted reducer, the requirements for the horizontal space in the internal combustion engine compartment are reduced, so the permanent stator including the generator and drive motor can be arranged in the limited front compartment of the vehicle. Magnetic double mechanical port motor with compact structure and high layout flexibility.

Second, there is no magnetic field coupling between the generator and the driving motor, and the control is simple. The generator and the driving motor are completely decoupled, and can be regarded as two independent motors, so they can be controlled separately, reducing the control complexity. Simultaneously, because there is no interference between the generator and the drive motor, the internal combustion engine 10 can work stably at a single operating point (such as the best fuel point) for a long time, so that a small-displacement internal combustion engine (such as a three-cylinder engine) can be used to reduce the fuel consumption to a greater extent. Small fuel consumption and emissions.

Third, the permanent magnet is installed on the stator, which avoids the vibration caused by the rotor rotation when the motor is running, effectively avoids the risk of permanent magnet loss of magnetism due to vibration, and improves the overall shock resistance and reliability of the motor.

Its four, have cooling hole on the motor fixing ring, the motor fixing ring directly contacts with the stator that armature winding and permanent magnet are installed. The heat dissipation device is connected externally through the heat dissipation hole, which can effectively take away the heat of the motor without any influence on the performance of the motor, thereby improving the overall heat dissipation performance of the motor.

Fifth, the stator permanent magnet external rotor motor has the characteristics of low speed and high torque, and can be directly connected to the wheel differential without the need for reduction gears, thereby reducing the cost and complexity of the system and increasing system reliability.

Sixth, both the inner and outer motor rotors are made of laminated silicon steel sheets, without any windings and permanent magnets, which increases the firmness of the rotor and improves the reliability.

Seventh, the stator permanent magnet type dual mechanical port motor does not need brushes and slip rings, which reduces system loss and maintenance costs and increases system reliability.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a stroke-increasing electric automobile stator permanent magnetic type double-mechanical-port motor, it is characterized in that: include housing (9), motor power shaft (6), motor output shaft (5) and be arranged on internal rotor (4), permanent-magnet type inner stator (2), motor retainer ring (7), permanent-magnet type external stator (1) and the outer rotor (3) that housing (9) is internal, and internal rotor (4), permanent-magnet type inner stator (2), motor retainer ring (7), permanent-magnet type external stator (1) and outer rotor (3) are coaxially set from the inside to the outside；Motor retainer ring (7) is not magnetic conductive metal material；Motor power shaft (6) right-hand member is positioned at housing (9), left end stretches out housing (9), and motor output shaft (5) left end is positioned at housing (9), right-hand member stretches out housing (9)；Internal rotor (4) is fixed with motor power shaft (6) right-hand member coaxial line, permanent-magnet type inner stator (2) laminating motor retainer ring (7) inner surface is fixed, permanent-magnet type external stator (1) laminating motor retainer ring (7) outer surface is fixed, and outer rotor (3) is fixed with motor output shaft (5) left end coaxial line；

Motor power shaft (6), internal rotor (4) and permanent-magnet type inner stator (2) constitute motor in an internal rotor stator permanent magnetic type, and referred to as this is electromotor (11)；Permanent-magnet type external stator (1), outer rotor (3) and motor output shaft (5) constitute the outer motor of an outer rotor stator permanent-magnet type, and referred to as this is to drive motor (12).

Stroke-increasing electric automobile stator permanent magnetic type double-mechanical-port motor the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the permanent magnet of electromotor (11) and armature winding are arranged on permanent-magnet type inner stator (2), and internal rotor (4) is overrided to form by pure silicon steel disc circumference；The permanent magnet and the armature winding that drive motor (12) are arranged on permanent-magnet type external stator (1), and outer rotor (3) is overrided to form by pure silicon steel disc circumference.

Stroke-increasing electric automobile stator permanent magnetic type double-mechanical-port motor the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: permanent-magnet type inner stator (2) is consistent with the stator type of permanent-magnet type external stator (1), be flux switch motor stator, doubly salient permanent magnet motor stator or flux-reversal type motor stator.

Stroke-increasing electric automobile stator permanent magnetic type double-mechanical-port motor the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: being provided with heat radiation duct (8) in motor retainer ring (7), heat radiation duct (8) can external cooling equipment.

5. the power assembly of the stroke-increasing electric automobile stator permanent magnetic type double-mechanical-port motor that a kind uses described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: include stroke-increasing electric automobile stator permanent magnetic type double-mechanical-port motor, internal combustion engine (10), Double Motor Control device (13), accumulator (14) and differential mechanism (15), stroke-increasing electric automobile stator permanent magnetic type double-mechanical-port motor includes electromotor (11) and drives motor (12), the motor power shaft (6) of electromotor (11) is directly connected to the output shaft of internal combustion engine (10), the motor output shaft (5) of motor (12) is driven to be directly connected to the power shaft of differential mechanism (15)；The driving energy that Double Motor Control device (13) obtains from accumulator (14), by driving motor (12) output power, is directly passed to differential mechanism (15)；The generated energy that Double Motor Control device (13) obtains from accumulator (14) exports power by electromotor (11), directly initiate internal combustion engine (10), internal combustion engine (10) drives electromotor (11) generating, and the electric energy of generation is stored in accumulator (14) by Double Motor Control device (13).