CN105870957B - Improve the dynamic direct current bus voltage control method of back-to-back converter efficiency - Google Patents
Improve the dynamic direct current bus voltage control method of back-to-back converter efficiency Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of dynamic direct current bus voltage control method for improving back-to-back converter efficiency, the method: the modulation degree m of real-time computer side convertergenWith the modulation degree m of grid side convertergrid, operation is participated in the two the larger value, by the modulation degree m of the larger value and settingsetIt is poor to make, and exports DC bus-bar voltage reference value by the proportional and integral controller with clipping, and obtained DC bus-bar voltage reference value participates in current transformer control as the alternative solution of Constant Direct Current busbar voltage reference value in conventional control scheme.The present invention is by dynamic regulation DC bus-bar voltage reference value, and the work for keeping current transformer adaptive is in minimum direct current busbar voltage, to reduce power electronic devices electric stress and improve current transformer efficiency.In addition, when the setting DC bus-bar voltage reference value upper limit is higher than routine reference value support can be provided to expand the Wind turbines range of speeds.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of wind power generation, and in particular, to a kind of dynamic for improving back-to-back converter efficiency
DC bus-bar voltage operation method, suitable for the Wind turbines using the double PWM voltage source code converters of back-to-back type, such as total power
The synchronous unit of permanent magnetism/electrical excitation, the asynchronous unit of total power mouse-cage type and double-fed wind generator unit etc..
Background technique
The existing Wind turbines using the double PWM voltage source code converters of back-to-back type are all made of constant DC bus-bar voltage
Reference value is controlled, and the representative value for unit this Constant Direct Current busbar voltage reference value for being such as 690V for exit potential is
1100V.This setting means has the disadvantage that
Since the DC bus-bar voltage of the double PWM voltage source code converters of back-to-back type uses quasi- minimize there are allowance to set
Meter, this design value determine that, due to having ignored impedance voltage drop and dynamic effects, this design is not strictly to anticipate according to static calculation
Minimum design in justice.Since current transformer efficiency is related to DC bus-bar voltage, in the premise for meeting current transformer normal work
The lower smaller current transformer efficiency of DC bus-bar voltage is higher.Conventional DC bus-bar voltage reference value is set as a steady state value, by
Current transformer can operate normally design under being by full working scope in the DC bus-bar voltage reference value, therefore this be set in part
Operating condition deviates from the minimum DC bus-bar voltage that can actually choose, thus is unnecessary.
Through the retrieval to the prior art, in Publication No. CN 104201698A (application number: 201410451985.X)
State's application for a patent for invention discloses a kind of DC bus-bar voltage dynamic control method based on double PWM energy accumulation current converters, comprising: will
Power difference absolute value and power threshold value compare to export absolute difference；Absolute difference is obtained divided by grid voltage amplitude
To direct-axis current variable quantity；Direct-axis current variable quantity is obtained into ratio direct-axis current variable quantity multiplied by proportionality coefficient；Ratio is straight
Direct-axis current superposition value is exported after shaft current variable quantity and the superposition of direct-axis current desired value；By reactive power desired value divided by power grid
Voltage magnitude obtains quadrature axis current desired value；Direct-axis current superposition value and quadrature axis current desired value are respectively via superposition and ratio tune
Section with obtain exchanging after integral adjustment side d-axis reference voltage with exchange top-cross axis reference voltage；To exchange side d-axis reference voltage
Space vector pulse width modulation is carried out with top-cross axis reference voltage is exchanged, is controlled with generating driving signal to current transformer.
But foregoing invention can reduce the DC bus dynamic fluctuation of double PWM energy accumulation current converters, but its use it is constant straight
When flowing busbar voltage reference value, therefore being applied to wind-force generating converter, current transformer efficiency can not be maximized in Part load.
Summary of the invention
For the defects in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of dynamics for improving back-to-back converter efficiency
Direct current bus voltage control method, by dynamic regulation DC bus-bar voltage reference value, the work for keeping current transformer adaptive is most
On small DC bus-bar voltage, to reduce power electronic devices electric stress and improve current transformer efficiency.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The present invention provides a kind of dynamic direct current bus voltage control method for improving back-to-back converter efficiency, the side
Method: the modulation degree m of real-time computer side convertergenWith the modulation degree m of grid side convertergrid, participate in transporting with the two the larger value
It calculates, by the modulation degree m of the larger value and settingsetIt is poor to make, and by the proportional and integral controller output DC bus electricity with clipping
Press reference value, alternative of the obtained DC bus-bar voltage reference value as Constant Direct Current busbar voltage in conventional control scheme
Case participates in current transformer control.
In present invention, it is desirable to the modulation degree m of real-time computer side convertergenWith the modulation degree m of grid side convertergrid, adjust
The calculation method difference of system is selected pulse width modulation mode, and machine-side converter can be used similar with grid side converter
Calculation method.It further, can be using any in following methods:
1. if being chosen in three-phase modulations wave pulsewidth modulation uses voltage space vector pulse width modulation technology (SVPWM technology)
Any two-phase ta、tbMake difference and simultaneously calculate virtual value, the virtual value divided byModulation crest value can be obtained, modulation crest value adds
Upper modulation degree biases (0.5 times of triangular carrier amplitude), then obtains computer-side converter divided by triangular carrier amplitude
Modulation degree mgenOr the modulation degree m of grid side convertergrid.Calculation formula is as follows:
In formula: ' rms () ' indicates to calculate virtual value；AtriRefer to triangular carrier amplitude, m refers to modulation degree i.e. computer-side
The modulation degree m of convertergenOr the modulation degree m of grid side convertergrid。
To obtain higher computational accuracy, formula (2) can also be used and calculated, but more computing resources can be expended.
In formula: ' rms () ' indicates to calculate virtual value；AtriRefer to triangular carrier amplitude, ta、tb、tcRefer to three-phase modulations wave,
M refers to the modulation degree i.e. modulation degree m of computer-side convertergenOr the modulation degree m of grid side convertergrid。
2. if asking effective pulsewidth modulation uses sinusoidal pulse width modulation technology (SPWM technology) with any one phase modulating wave
Value, gained virtual value multiplied byAnd plus modulation degree biasing (0.5 times of triangular carrier amplitude), then divided by triangular carrier width
Modulation degree m can be obtained in value.
Calculation formula is as follows:
In formula: ' rms () ' indicates to calculate virtual value, AtriRefer to triangular carrier amplitude, taRefer to that modulating wave, m refer to modulation
Degree is the modulation degree m of computer-side convertergenOr the modulation degree m of grid side convertergrid。
In formula: ' rms () ' indicates to calculate virtual value, AtriRefer to triangular carrier amplitude, ta、tb、tcRefer to three-phase modulations wave,
M refers to the modulation degree i.e. modulation degree m of computer-side convertergenOr the modulation degree m of grid side convertergrid。
It is of the invention that the specific implementation steps are as follows:
Step 1: determining the amplitude of triangular carrier.Remember that the triangle that machine-side converter controller pulsewidth modulation link uses carries
Wave amplitude (peak-to-peak value) is Atri_gen, the triangular carrier amplitude (peak-of note grid side converter controller pulsewidth modulation link use
Peak value) it is Atri_grid。
Step 2: the pulse width modulation mode according to used by machine-side converter controller, computer-side converter modulation degree
mgen；
Step 3: the pulse width modulation mode according to used by grid side converter controller, computer-side converter modulation degree
mgrid；
Step 4: calculating DC bus-bar voltage reference value: according to machine-side converter modulation degree mgenIt is modulated with grid side converter
Spend mgrid, take the two the larger value to participate in calculating, mgenAnd mgridThe larger value and setting modulation degree msetIt is poor to make, by a band
DC bus-bar voltage reference value is exported after the proportional and integral controller of clipping.
Preferably, wherein msetThe value in 0.96~0.98 range, msetThe bigger DC bus-bar voltage of value will more close to
The minimum direct current busbar voltage of stricti jurise.
Preferably, proportional and integral controller parameter differs 4 times of designs with grid side converter outer loop control bandwidth according to bandwidth.
Compared with prior art, the present invention have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
When the upper limit that proportional and integral controller exports in the present invention is equal to DC bus-bar voltage reference value, and lower limit is in direct current
The following value of busbar voltage reference value, then dynamically self-adaptive of the present invention adjusts DC bus-bar voltage and runs close to lower limit, close to
The degree of lower limit depends on modulation degree mset。
Since the revolving speed that DC bus-bar voltage reference value fixed in conventional control methods strictly limits unit runs model
It encloses, is unfavorable for unit in Part load and promotes Wind energy extraction efficiency.When the Set scale integral controller output upper limit is greater than direct current
When busbar voltage reference value, the present invention can widen unit slewing range runtime adaptable close to the minimum DC bus allowed
Voltage operation, to reduce the voltage stress of power electronic devices as far as possible while improving generated energy, and mentions as far as possible
High current transformer efficiency.
The present invention can reduce the voltage stress of power electronic devices as far as possible compared with prior art, and mention as far as possible
High current transformer efficiency is that heat dissipation cost reduces as the additional benefits for improving current transformer efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Upon reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings, other feature of the invention,
Objects and advantages will become more apparent upon:
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of preferred embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is one embodiment of the invention simulation result diagram.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail combined with specific embodiments below.Following embodiment will be helpful to the technology of this field
Personnel further understand the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.It should be pointed out that the ordinary skill of this field
For personnel, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made.These belong to the present invention
Protection scope.
The present invention is a kind of dynamic minimum DC bus-bar voltage skill for comprehensively considering machine-side converter and grid side converter
Art, the modulation degree m of the technology real-time computer side convertergenWith the modulation degree m of grid side convertergrid, with the two the larger value ginseng
With operation, by the modulation degree m of the larger value and settingsetIt is poor to make, and female by the proportional and integral controller output direct current with clipping
Line voltage reference value.As shown in Figure 1.Wherein tar、tbr、tcrPulsewidth modulation link produces respectively in machine-side converter vector controlled
Raw a, b, c three-phase modulations wave；tag、tbg、tcgRespectively in grid side converter vector controlled pulsewidth modulation link generate a, b,
C three-phase modulations wave.
In the present invention: for full power convertor unit, machine-side converter is the voltage-source type connecting with generator unit stator
Converter, grid side converter are the voltage source converters connecting with power grid；For double-fed unit (DFIG), machine-side converter be with
The voltage source type converter of generator amature connection, grid side converter is the voltage source converter connecting with power grid.
Realization of the invention needs the modulation degree m of real-time computer side convertergenWith the modulation degree of grid side converter
mgrid, the calculation method of modulation degree, which is distinguished, is selected pulse width modulation mode, and machine-side converter and grid side converter can be adopted
With similar calculation method.
In a preferred embodiment, if pulsewidth modulation uses voltage space vector pulse width modulation technology (SVPWM technology), choosing
Take any two-phase t in three-phase modulations wavea、tbMake difference and simultaneously calculate virtual value, the virtual value divided byModulation crest value is obtained (to say
It is bright as follows: gained virtual value divided bySingle-phase modulating wave fundametal compoment virtual value is obtained, it is effective with single-phase modulating wave fundametal compoment
Value multiplied byAgain divided byModulation crest value can be obtained).It modulates crest value and biases (0.5 times of triangle plus modulation degree
Carrier amplitude), modulation degree m then can be obtained divided by triangular carrier amplitude.Calculation formula is as follows:
' rms () ' indicates to calculate virtual value in formula.
Because narration calculates as machine-side converter with the calculation method of grid side converter modulation degree is substantially
It puts together when method narration, for modulation degree m, subscript gen indicates amount relevant with machine-side converter, subscript grid expression
Amount relevant with grid side converter；For modulating wave ta/tb/tc, subscript r indicates amount relevant with machine-side converter, subscript g table
Show amount relevant with grid side converter；For triangular carrier Atri, subscript ' _ gen ' expression amount relevant with machine-side converter, under
Mark ' _ grid ' indicates amount relevant with grid side converter.
In another preferred embodiment, to obtain higher computational accuracy, formula (2) can also be used and calculated, but can consume
Take more computing resources.
In another preferred embodiment, if pulsewidth modulation uses sinusoidal pulse width modulation technology (SPWM technology), with any
One phase modulating wave seeks virtual value, gained virtual value multiplied byAnd plus modulation degree biasing (0.5 times of triangular carrier amplitude), so
Modulation degree can be obtained divided by triangular carrier amplitude afterwards.
Calculation formula is as follows:
' rms () ' indicates to calculate virtual value in formula.
In another preferred embodiment, to obtain higher computational accuracy, formula (4) can also be used and calculated, but can consume
Take more computing resources.
In one embodiment, based on above-mentioned principle, a kind of dynamic DC bus electricity improving back-to-back converter efficiency
Control method is pressed to execute according to step in detail below:
Step 1: determining the amplitude of triangular carrier.Remember that the triangle that machine-side converter controller pulsewidth modulation link uses carries
Wave amplitude (peak-to-peak value) is Atri_gen, the triangular carrier amplitude (peak-of note grid side converter controller pulsewidth modulation link use
Peak value) it is Atri_grid。
Step 2: computer-side converter modulation degree.According to pulse width modulation mode used by machine-side converter controller,
Calculation formula appropriate is chosen to be calculated, by taking SVPWM is modulated as an example:
Atri_genRefer to the triangular carrier amplitude that machine-side converter controller pulsewidth modulation link uses.
Step 3: calculating grid side converter modulation degree.According to pulse width modulation mode used by grid side converter controller,
Calculation formula appropriate is chosen to be calculated, by taking SVPWM is modulated as an example:
Atri_gridRefer to the triangular carrier amplitude that grid side converter controller pulsewidth modulation link uses.
Step 4: calculating DC bus-bar voltage reference value.The modulation degree m of machine-side converter is calculatedgenIt is converted with net side
The modulation degree m of devicegridAfterwards, the two the larger value is taken to participate in calculating, it is therefore an objective to guarantee that machine-side converter and grid side converter can be just
Often operation.mgenAnd mgridThe larger value and setting modulation degree msetIt is poor to make, by a proportional and integral controller with clipping
(pi regulator) exports DC bus-bar voltage reference value afterwards.
In the present embodiment: msetThe value in 0.96~0.98 range, msetThe bigger DC bus-bar voltage of value will be pasted more
The minimum direct current busbar voltage of nearly stricti jurise.
In the present embodiment: proportional and integral controller parameter recommendation is according to bandwidth and grid side converter outer loop control bandwidth phase
Poor 4 times of designs.
Chosen according to the difference of proportional and integral controller amplitude limit value, the present invention it is desirable it is following the utility model has the advantages that
1. assuming that the DC bus-bar voltage reference value of conventional control scheme isIf proportional and integral controller output
Upper limit uHLIt is equal toAnd lower limit uLL?Following value is (it is recommended that be taken as), then the present invention program can dynamic
Automatic adjusument DC bus-bar voltage is run close to lower limit, and the degree close to lower limit depends on mset。
2. DC bus-bar voltage determines that voltage source type converter exchanges the available alternating voltage in side.It needs to expand some
In the application scenarios of wide unit slewing range, need to improve the voltage source type converter exchange available alternating voltage in side, therefore
The slewing range that unit is allowed when saying that DC bus-bar voltage is higher from the angle of controlled current flow is wider.Due in conventional control methods
Fixed DC bus-bar voltage reference value strictly limits the revolving speed range of operation of unit, is unfavorable for unit and is promoted in Part load
Wind energy extraction efficiency.
When Set scale integral controller exports upper limit uHLIt is greater thanWhen, the present invention can support unit expanding variable speed model
Operation is enclosed, and in broadening unit slewing range runtime adaptable close to the minimum DC bus-bar voltage operation allowed, thus
The voltage stress of power electronic devices is reduced while improving generated energy as far as possible, and improves current transformer efficiency as far as possible.
The present invention is in practical application, be to be run in microprocessor (such as DSP) as converter control method, quite
Outer ring is given in increasing a DC bus-bar voltage reference value.The present invention program is without increasing sensor, it is only necessary to increase a little
Current transformer control routine can be realized.
The present invention is feasible by simulating, verifying.
It is substantive content of the invention shown in dotted line frame as shown in figure 1.DC bus-bar voltage reference value is indicated, normal
In rule scheme,It is usually taken to be a steady state value (usually 1100V), the present invention then provides the DC bus that a dynamic pastes lower limit
Voltage reference value.C indicates dc-link capacitance in Fig. 1, and the part in figure other than dotted line frame is consistent with conventional scheme, P*、Q*Respectively
For machine-side converter is active and idle reference value,For the idle reference value of grid side converter.
Emulation carries out in professional electromagnetic transient simulation tool RTDS, and simulation object unit is 2MW double-fed unit, wherein
The conducting resistance of IGBT is 0.01 ohm, turns off resistance 1*105Ohm, 30 ohm of 0.2 microfarad of buffer circuit capacitor, resistance.If
Set mset=0.97, simulation result is as shown in Figure 2, it is seen that current transformer stable operation, grid-side converter under dynamic DC bus-bar voltage
The setting value of modulation degree 0.97 is kept, current transformer loss reduces, and 1%~2% current transformer efficiency can be improved by conversion.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described above.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited to above-mentioned
Particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make various deformations or amendments within the scope of the claims, this not shadow
Ring substantive content of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of dynamic direct current bus voltage control method for improving back-to-back converter efficiency, which is characterized in that calculate in real time
The modulation degree m of machine-side convertergenWith the modulation degree m of grid side convertergrid, operation is participated in the two the larger value, by the larger value
With the modulation degree m of settingsetIt is poor to make, and exports DC bus-bar voltage reference value, gained by the proportional and integral controller with clipping
The DC bus-bar voltage reference value arrived participates in current transformer control as the alternative solution of Constant Direct Current busbar voltage reference value；
The modulation degree m of the computer-side convertergenWith the modulation degree m of grid side convertergrid, method are as follows: if pulsewidth modulation is adopted
With voltage space vector pulse width modulation technology, chooses any two-phase in three-phase modulations wave and make difference and calculate virtual value, this is effectively
Value divided byModulation crest value is obtained, crest value is modulated divided by triangular carrier amplitude, then obtains machine plus modulation degree biasing
The modulation degree m of side convertergenOr the modulation degree m of grid side convertergrid；
The modulation degree of the computer-side converter and the modulation degree of grid side converter, method are as follows: if pulsewidth modulation is using sinusoidal
Wave pulse modulation technology seeks virtual value with any one phase modulating wave, gained virtual value multiplied byDivided by triangular carrier amplitude, so
Modulation degree m is obtained plus modulation degree biasing afterwards.
2. the dynamic direct current bus voltage control method according to claim 1 for improving back-to-back converter efficiency, special
Sign is, when pulsewidth modulation uses voltage space vector pulse width modulation technology, the modulation degree m of the computer-side convertergenWith
The modulation degree m of grid side convertergrid, formula is as follows:
In formula: ' rms () ' indicates to calculate virtual value；AtriRefer to triangular carrier amplitude, m refers to the i.e. machine-side converter of modulation degree
Modulation degree mgenOr the modulation degree m of grid side convertergrid, ta、tbRefer to modulating wave.
3. the dynamic direct current bus voltage control method according to claim 1 for improving back-to-back converter efficiency, special
Sign is, the modulation degree of the machine-side converter and the modulation degree of grid side converter, and calculation formula is as follows:
In formula: ' rms () ' indicates to calculate virtual value；AtriRefer to triangular carrier amplitude, ta、tb、tcReferring to three-phase modulations wave, m is
Refer to modulation degree, that is, machine-side converter modulation degree mgenOr the modulation degree m of grid side convertergrid。
4. the dynamic direct current bus voltage control method according to claim 1 for improving back-to-back converter efficiency, special
Sign is, when pulsewidth modulation uses sinusoidal pulse width modulation technology, modulation degree and the net side transformation of the computer-side converter
The modulation degree of device, calculation formula are as follows:
In formula: ' rms () ' indicates to calculate virtual value, AtriRefer to triangular carrier amplitude, taRefer to that modulating wave, m refer to modulation degree i.e.
The modulation degree m of machine-side convertergenOr the modulation degree m of grid side convertergrid。
5. the dynamic direct current bus voltage control method according to claim 1 for improving back-to-back converter efficiency, special
Sign is, the modulation degree of the computer-side converter and the modulation degree of grid side converter, and calculation formula is as follows:
In formula: ' rms () ' indicates to calculate virtual value, AtriRefer to triangular carrier amplitude, ta、tb、tcReferring to three-phase modulations wave, m is
Refer to modulation degree, that is, machine-side converter modulation degree mgenOr the modulation degree m of grid side convertergrid。
6. the dynamic DC bus-bar voltage controlling party according to claim 1-5 for improving back-to-back converter efficiency
Method, which is characterized in that the specific implementation steps are as follows:
Step 1: determining the amplitude of triangular carrier: the triangular carrier width that note machine-side converter controller pulsewidth modulation link uses
Value is Atri_gen, the triangular carrier amplitude that note grid side converter controller pulsewidth modulation link uses is Atri_grid；
Step 2: the pulse width modulation mode according to used by machine-side converter controller, computer-side converter modulation degree mgen；
Step 3: the pulse width modulation mode according to used by grid side converter controller, calculates grid side converter modulation degree mgrid；
Step 4: calculating DC bus-bar voltage reference value: according to machine-side converter modulation degree mgenWith grid side converter modulation degree
mgrid, take the two the larger value to participate in calculating, mgenAnd mgridThe larger value and setting modulation degree msetIt is poor to make, by a band limit
DC bus-bar voltage reference value is exported after the proportional and integral controller of width.
7. the dynamic direct current bus voltage control method according to claim 6 for improving back-to-back converter efficiency, special
Sign is, the mset, the value in 0.96~0.98 range, msetThe bigger DC bus-bar voltage of value will be more close to stricti jurise
Minimum direct current busbar voltage.
8. the dynamic direct current bus voltage control method according to claim 6 for improving back-to-back converter efficiency, special
Sign is that the proportional and integral controller, parameter differs 4 times of designs with grid side converter outer loop control bandwidth according to bandwidth.
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| CN103227477A (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2013-07-31 | 许继集团有限公司 | High voltage ride through control method for double-fed wind generator |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2313215A (en) * | 1993-10-15 | 1997-11-19 | Eaton Corp | Method of regulating the current in an AC drive |
| CN103227477A (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2013-07-31 | 许继集团有限公司 | High voltage ride through control method for double-fed wind generator |
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| Title |
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| The Research of Line Side Three-Level Converting Technology Based on DFIG Wind Power System;Yonggang Hao, et al;《 Power and Energy Engineering Conference (APPEEC), 2012 Asia-Pacific》;20120329;1-4 |
| 全功率风力发电变流器的直流母线电压优化控制;李春，等;《上海电气技术》;20140430;第7卷(第4期);26-30 |
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