CN105863624B - The visual test method that simulation slurry shield slurry permeates in the earth formation - Google Patents
The visual test method that simulation slurry shield slurry permeates in the earth formation Download PDFInfo
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- CN105863624B CN105863624B CN201610223266.1A CN201610223266A CN105863624B CN 105863624 B CN105863624 B CN 105863624B CN 201610223266 A CN201610223266 A CN 201610223266A CN 105863624 B CN105863624 B CN 105863624B
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- mud
- organic glass
- stratum
- slurry
- right angle
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/0607—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield being provided with devices for lining the tunnel, e.g. shuttering
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M10/00—Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of visual test method that simulation slurry shield slurry permeates in the earth formation, comprising the following steps: rotating shaft first, adjusting cutterhead aperture opening ratio is 0, makes organic glass right angle cylinder enclosed；Then, it is packed into the simulated formation using transparent soil preparation in organic glass model case, and is saturated stratum from bottom to top；Then, the injection testing mud in organic glass right angle cylinder seals right angle cylinder；Finally, opening pneumatic supply, rotating shaft, adjusting cutterhead aperture opening ratio is a certain value (0%-50%), carries out permeability test.The method for visualizing of such slurry penetration, can observe the infiltration form of mud in the earth formation in real time, and accurate surveying is to the internus and all directions seepage distance of mud film.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to mud in pressure chamber in a kind of pair of slurry shield tunneling process to stratum process of osmosis can
Depending on the test method changed.This method is able to achieve under the conditions of visualization formation condition, different mud pressures and different cutterhead aperture opening ratios
The simulation of slurry penetration process, and the intuitively infiltration form of observation mud in all directions.The invention belongs to underground engineering field.
Background technique
In recent years, slurry shield method crosses river subway and more river sea tunnel in China city with its superior excavation face control model
It is widely adopted in the construction in road.In slurry shield forward tunneling process, the mud in pressure chamber is permeated to stratum with flat
Water And Earth Pressures in weighing apparatus stratum, keep excavation face to stablize.Simultaneously as complex geologic conditions are changeable, there is knife disc tool in shield machine
Serious wear, cutterhead molding, cutter and stratum mismatch situations such as needing replacing, and have to shut down and carry out open the cabin cleaning or dimension
Equal operations are repaired, needs to inject mud formation mud film to excavation face and service clearance is kept to stablize, if yangtze river in nanjing Tunnel Engineering is in river
The maintainability carried out in bottom Extra-fine sand, gravelly sand stratum is with pressure to open the cabin.In either normal tunneling process, or in inspection with pressure of opening the cabin
When repairing, be all difficult to observe that mud permeates the case where forming mud film in the earth formation, be more difficult to judge excavation face stability and
Whether arrangement and method for construction is reasonable.
With the development of the physical property experiments such as the development of transparent native synthetic technology and transparent native triaxial test, it was demonstrated that transparent soil
A possibility that applied to experimental study, has gradually been applied to shield tunnel at present and has studied, had experiment using transparent soil and study shield
Surrounding soil internal modification rule, shield tunnel back synchronous injection model etc. caused by structure excavates.
The present invention devises a kind of transparent native simulated formation, to realize mud under the conditions of different cutterhead aperture opening ratios to ground
The visual observation method permeated in layer.Mud exists under the conditions of this method intuitively can easily observe different cutterhead aperture opening ratios
Stratum all directions permeate form, have directive significance to slurry shield construction and Slurry confection.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for visualizing that simulation slurry shield slurry permeates in the earth formation, can grind
Study carefully the infiltration form of mud all directions under the conditions of different cutterhead aperture opening ratios.
Technical scheme is as follows:
The visual test method that simulation slurry shield slurry permeates in the earth formation,
The visualization device that the test method uses includes organic glass box, organic glass right angle cylinder and for applying
The pneumatic supply of pressure；The bottom of the organic glass case is placed with the middle transparent soil of coarse grain diameter for model engineering stratum, in machine
The top of glass box is provided with mud overflow launder, the lower part of machine glass box is provided with water filling port, on the cabinet of organic glass case
Equipped with the cabinet graduated scale for measuring transparent native formation thickness；Organic glass right angle cylinder includes for simulating muddy water shield
Structure cutterhead is to the level vial of stratum injection mud and for controlling mud amount and applying the vertical glass tube of air pressure；Organic glass
The top of glass cylinder is sealed by dismountable ring flange, and vertical glass tube is equipped with graduated scale, the top of vertical glass tube
Portion's side wall is connected with pneumatic supply, and bottom sidewall is provided with mud valve；
The test method the following steps are included:
Step 1 adjusts model cutterhead aperture opening ratio: rotating shaft, and adjusting model cutterhead aperture opening ratio is 0, by organic glass case
It is separated between organic glass right angle cylinder, is used for compartment test stratum and mud；
Step 2 prepares stratum: intending medium coarse sand using transparent clay model and tests stratum；Real method is hit to organic glass with layering
It is packed into transparent soil in glass case and forms experiment stratum, is then uniformly slowly injected from bottom to top by the water filling port of lower box
Calcium bromide solution comes saturation testing stratum, for preventing stratum protuberance or sand boiling in saturation process；
Step 3 forms permeable belt: mud valve and pressure maintaining valve is closed, from the top injection testing of organic glass right angle cylinder
Mud, mud level are located at the lower section of the air inlet pipe on organic glass right angle cylinder top, by ring flange by organic glass right angle
The top of cylinder is sealed；Pneumatic supply is opened, pneumatic supply air pressure is adjusted, organic glass right angle cylinder top atmospheric pressure value is adjusted
To predetermined value, predetermined value is the soil water pressure value in organic glass case；Then, rotating shaft, adjust model cutterhead aperture opening ratio to
20%, mud starts infiltration test stratum and forms permeable belt；Observation infiltration overall process, complete permeable belt to be formed, overflow launder
When locating the stable outflow of calcium bromide solution or not flowing out, pneumatic supply is closed, infiltration terminates, and observation mud is each in test stratum
The seepage distance and infiltration band forms in a direction；
Step 4, control experiment: being repeated twice above-mentioned steps one, two, three, and model cutterhead is opened in regulating step three respectively
Mouth rate is 30% and 40%, passes through three groups of comparative experimentss, and observation all directions under the conditions of different model cutterhead aperture opening ratios are permeated
Band form.
Further, in step 1, the slurry shield model cutterhead is made of the round earth-retaining piece being close to inside and outside two panels,
Outside earth-retaining piece is fixed on the front end of level vial, and it is 30 ° that the outside earth-retaining on piece, which opens up a corner at interval of 30 °,
Sector open；Interior survey earth-retaining piece is coaxially connected by shaft and outside earth-retaining piece, and is fixed in shaft, the inside earth-retaining piece
On to open up a corner at interval of 32 ° be 28 ° of sector open.
Further, in step 2, the experimental field layer height is not less than 25cm, and is located under mud overflow groove location
Side.
Further, in step 3, the mud is the mud that is intended that in practice of construction engineering, and dosage is no more than and has
The pneumatic supply air inlet of machine glass right angle cylinder upper end.
Further, in step 3, the calcium bromide solution that discharge is permeated in the organic glass case is flowed out by overflow launder.
Further, in step 4, layer height, mud height and preset air pressure value are kept with answering Control experiment for three groups of experiments
It is identical.Technical effect of the invention:
The present invention can observe slurry shield tunneling process and it is with pressure open the cabin under the conditions of mud all directions in the earth formation infiltration
Saturating overall process studies slurry penetration rule by changing cutterhead aperture opening ratio, so that it is determined that the dosage of mud, instructs shield-tunneling construction.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1: the visual test device schematic diagram that simulation slurry shield slurry used in the present invention permeates in the earth formation；
Fig. 2: earth-retaining piece schematic diagram on the outside of slurry shield model cutterhead used in the present invention；
Fig. 3: earth-retaining piece schematic diagram on the inside of slurry shield model cutterhead used in the present invention；
Wherein: 1, organic glass case；2, overflow launder；3, organic glass right angle cylinder；4, ring flange；5, model cutterhead；6,
Mud valve；7, pneumatic supply；8, shaft；9, graduated scale；10, cabinet graduated scale；11, pressure maintaining valve；12, water filling port.
Specific embodiment
To keep purpose and the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the attached of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure, is clearly and completely described the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention.Obviously, described embodiment is of the invention
A part of the embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.Based on described the embodiment of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
Every other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention under the premise of being not necessarily to creative work.
Those skilled in the art of the present technique are appreciated that unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technology art
Language and scientific term) there is meaning identical with the general understanding of those of ordinary skill in fields of the present invention.Should also
Understand, those terms such as defined in the general dictionary, which should be understood that, to be had and the meaning in the context of the prior art
The consistent meaning of justice, and unless defined as here, it will not be explained in an idealized or overly formal meaning.
The meaning of heretofore described " inside and outside " refers to relative to equipment itself, the side inside sensing equipment
To in, on the contrary is outer, rather than the specific restriction to the device of the invention mechanism.
The meaning of heretofore described " connection " can be between component be directly connected to be also possible to pass through between component
Other components are indirectly connected with.
As shown in Figure 1, the visualization device that test method of the present invention uses includes organic glass box 1, organic glass right angle
Cylinder 3 and for applying stressed pneumatic supply 7；The bottom of organic glass case 1 is placed with the middle coarse grain for model engineering stratum
The transparent soil of diameter, is provided with mud overflow launder 2 on the top of machine glass box, and the lower part of machine glass box is provided with water filling port 12, has
The cabinet of machine glass box 1 is equipped with the cabinet graduated scale 10 for measuring transparent native formation thickness；Organic glass right angle cylinder 3 wraps
It includes for simulating slurry shield cutterhead to the level vial of stratum injection mud and for controlling mud amount and applying air pressure
Vertical glass tube；The top of plexiglass cylinder is sealed by dismountable ring flange 4, and vertical glass tube is equipped with scale
The top sidewall of ruler 9, vertical glass tube is connected with pneumatic supply 7, and bottom sidewall is provided with mud valve 6；
The test method for the visible apparatus that simulation slurry shield slurry of the invention permeates in the earth formation, is adjusted first
Cutterhead aperture opening ratio is 0, makes organic glass right angle cylinder enclosed, is then packed into organic glass model case and utilizes transparent soil preparation
Simulated formation and saturation, the injection testing mud in organic glass right angle cylinder, finally open pneumatic supply, rotating shaft,
Permeability test is carried out under different cutterhead aperture opening ratios, the method for visualizing of such slurry penetration can observe mud on stratum in real time
In infiltration form, and accurate surveying is to the internus and all directions seepage distance of mud film.
A kind of above-mentioned method for visualizing that research slurry shield slurry permeates in the earth formation, specifically includes following step
It is rapid:
A, cutterhead aperture opening ratio: rotating shaft first is adjusted, adjusting cutterhead aperture opening ratio is 0, makes two panels cutterhead by organic glass
Case and organic glass right angle cylinder separate, and when preventing from being packed into experimental material, test both stratum and mud are adulterated mutually.
B, it prepares stratum: intending nature sand using transparent clay model, preparation meets the medium coarse sand test stratum of gradation requirement.Again
Real method is hit with layering and is packed into test soil, and with the transparent native dosage of graduated scale control, bromine is then infused by water filling port from the bottom up
Change calcium solution and be saturated stratum, in saturation process, should prevent stratum from swelling or sand boiling.
C, it forming permeable belt: closing mud discharging mouth and controlling valve, injection testing mud controls slurry consumption with graduated scale,
Device is sealed using ring flange.Rotating shaft adjusts cutterhead aperture opening ratio 20%, opens pneumatic supply valve, adjusts air pressure to pre-
Definite value, mud start the transparent native soil layer of infiltration test and form permeable belt, and observation infiltration overall process closes air pressure after a certain period of time
Source valve, infiltration terminate, and open mud valve, and extra mud is discharged, and observe all directions seepage distance and infiltration band forms.
D, control experiment: being repeated twice above-mentioned steps a, b, c, respectively in regulating step c cutterhead aperture opening ratio be 30%,
40%, pass through three groups of comparative experimentss, observation all directions permeable belt form, Rule Summary under the conditions of different cutterhead aperture opening ratios.
In step a, the model cutterhead is close to round earth-retaining piece by two panels and is formed, and outside earth-retaining piece is fixed, and is had every 30 °
Angled is 30 ° of sector open；Interior survey earth-retaining piece is connected by shaft with outside earth-retaining piece, and having corner every 32 ° is 28 °
Sector open, the adjustable aperture opening ratio of rotating shaft, aperture opening ratio range 0%-50%.
In step b, the transparent soil layer height can prepare difference when hereinafter, testing not less than 25cm and positioned at discharge outlet
The transparent native soil layer of gradation, studies Percolation Law.
In step c, the mud is the mud that is intended that in practice of construction engineering, and dosage must not exceed pneumatic supply into
Port.
In step c, flowed out by the calcium bromide solution of infiltration discharge by overflow launder in the organic glass case.
In step d, layer height, mud height, preset air pressure value etc. remove cutterhead aperture opening ratio with answering Control experiment for three groups of experiments
Each fundamental quantity in addition is identical, to observe influence of the cutterhead aperture opening ratio to all directions permeable belt form.
The above is only embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, and but it cannot be understood as right
The limitation of the invention patent range.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, not departing from the present invention
Under the premise of design, various modifications and improvements can be made, these are all belonged to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the visual test method that simulation slurry shield slurry permeates in the earth formation, which is characterized in that
The visualization device that the test method uses includes organic glass box, organic glass right angle cylinder and for applying pressure
Pneumatic supply；The bottom of the organic glass case is placed with the middle transparent soil of coarse grain diameter for model engineering stratum, in machine glass
The top of case is provided with mud overflow launder, the lower part of machine glass box is provided with water filling port, the cabinet of organic glass case is equipped with
For measuring the cabinet graduated scale of transparent native formation thickness；Organic glass right angle cylinder includes for simulating slurry shield knife
Disk is to the level vial of stratum injection mud and for controlling mud amount and applying the vertical glass tube of air pressure；Organic glass is straight
The top of angle cylinder is sealed by dismountable ring flange, and vertical glass tube is equipped with graduated scale, the top of vertical glass tube
Portion's side wall is connected with pneumatic supply, and bottom sidewall is provided with mud valve；
The test method the following steps are included:
Step 1 adjusts model cutterhead aperture opening ratio: rotating shaft, and adjusting model cutterhead aperture opening ratio is 0, by organic glass case and has
It is separated between machine glass right angle cylinder, is used for compartment test stratum and mud；
Step 2 prepares stratum: intending medium coarse sand using transparent clay model and tests stratum；Real method is hit to organic glass case with layering
It is middle to be packed into transparent soil and form experiment stratum, bromination is uniformly slowly then injected by the water filling port of lower box from bottom to top
Calcium solution comes saturation testing stratum, for preventing stratum protuberance or sand boiling in saturation process；
Step 3 forms permeable belt: mud valve and pressure maintaining valve is closed, from the top injection testing mud of organic glass right angle cylinder
Slurry, mud level are located at the lower section of the air inlet pipe on organic glass right angle cylinder top, by ring flange that organic glass right angle is round
The top of cylinder is sealed；Pneumatic supply is opened, pneumatic supply air pressure is adjusted, organic glass right angle cylinder top atmospheric pressure value is adjusted to
Predetermined value, predetermined value are the soil water pressure value in organic glass case；Then, rotating shaft, adjust model cutterhead aperture opening ratio to
20%, mud starts infiltration test stratum and forms permeable belt；Observation infiltration overall process, complete permeable belt to be formed, overflow launder
When locating the stable outflow of calcium bromide solution or not flowing out, pneumatic supply is closed, infiltration terminates, and observation mud is each in test stratum
The seepage distance and infiltration band forms in a direction；
Step 4, control experiment: being repeated twice above-mentioned steps one, two, three, the aperture opening ratio of model cutterhead in difference regulating step three
For 30% and 40%, pass through three groups of comparative experimentss, observation all directions permeable belt shape under the conditions of different model cutterhead aperture opening ratios
State.
2. the visual test method that simulation slurry shield slurry according to claim 1 permeates in the earth formation, special
Sign is, in step 1, the slurry shield model cutterhead is made of the round earth-retaining piece being close to inside and outside two panels, outside earth-retaining piece
It is fixed on the front end of level vial, the outside earth-retaining on piece opens up the sector open that a corner is 30 ° at interval of 30 °；
Inside earth-retaining piece is coaxially connected by shaft and outside earth-retaining piece, and is fixed in shaft, the inside earth-retaining on piece at interval of
32 ° open up the sector open that a corner is 28 °.
3. the visual test method that simulation slurry shield slurry according to claim 1 permeates in the earth formation, special
Sign is, in step 2, the experimental field layer height is not less than 25cm, and is located at below mud overflow groove location.
4. the visual test method that simulation slurry shield slurry according to claim 1 permeates in the earth formation, special
Sign is, in step 3, the mud is the mud being intended that in practice of construction engineering, and dosage is no more than organic glass right angle
The pneumatic supply air inlet of cylinder upper end.
5. the visual test method that simulation slurry shield slurry according to claim 1 permeates in the earth formation, special
Sign is, in step 3, the calcium bromide solution that discharge is permeated in the organic glass case is flowed out by overflow launder.
6. the visual test method that simulation slurry shield slurry according to claim 1 permeates in the earth formation, special
Sign is, in step 4, layer height, mud height and preset air pressure value keep identical with answering Control experiment for three groups of experiments.
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| CN106353224B (en) * | 2016-09-08 | 2023-08-18 | 上海工程技术大学 | Slurry shield mud permeation film-forming simulation test device |
| CN106841578B (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2023-05-23 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Slurry shield tunnel face slurry pressure experimental testing device and testing method |
| CN108072749A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2018-05-25 | 同济大学 | A kind of tunneling shield excavates high-precision seepage flow simulation by tracing experimental rig |
| CN108489892B (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2020-06-05 | 华东交通大学 | Submarine shield tunnel excavation test device and method under seepage condition |
| CN109162730B (en) * | 2018-07-21 | 2020-08-11 | 中铁十八局集团有限公司 | Slurry parameter management system of slurry balance shield based on BIM |
| CN109826652B (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2023-10-13 | 上海工程技术大学 | Simulation test device and method for slurry loss in shield synchronous grouting |
| CN111208047B (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-11-06 | 中国矿业大学 | Test method capable of simulating permeability of fractured rock mass under complex disturbance condition |
| CN111485906B (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2022-02-22 | 中铁第六勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Sandwich tunnel structure and construction method thereof |
| CN111795917A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-10-20 | 盾构及掘进技术国家重点实验室 | Dynamic slurry permeability test device and method |
| CN115200833B (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2023-06-23 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | Multipurpose test device and test method for shield operation slurry |
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