CN105861820A - Technique for recycling precious metal from factory lean ore through dump leaching and ore dressing device - Google Patents
Technique for recycling precious metal from factory lean ore through dump leaching and ore dressing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105861820A CN105861820A CN201610198602.1A CN201610198602A CN105861820A CN 105861820 A CN105861820 A CN 105861820A CN 201610198602 A CN201610198602 A CN 201610198602A CN 105861820 A CN105861820 A CN 105861820A
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- ore
- soaking pit
- heap
- solution
- dump leaching
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- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 17
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021050 feed intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035987 intoxication Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000566 intoxication Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- GOLXNESZZPUPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N spiromesifen Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1C(C(O1)=O)=C(OC(=O)CC(C)(C)C)C11CCCC1 GOLXNESZZPUPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/04—Obtaining noble metals by wet processes
- C22B11/042—Recovery of noble metals from waste materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/02—Apparatus therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a technique for recycling precious metal from factory lean ore through dump leaching and an ore dressing device. The ore dressing device comprises a dump leaching pool (19), a pregnant solution pool (23), a canopy (7), a taking machine (4), a gantry bridge crane frame (11), a spreading machine (5), a belt conveyor (14), a dewatering and washing integrated machine (9), a feeding machine (2) and other infrastructures and mechanical devices. The spreading machine (5), the conveyor (14), the taking machine (4) and the dewatering and washing integrated machine (9) on the gantry bridge crane frame (11) are subjected to manual remote control, so that a series of procedures including feeding, spreading, dump leaching, dewatering and discharging are completed. An ore leaching solution is sprayed out through a spray nozzle (5) installed in the dump leaching pool. The precious metal is separated out through a winning cell (26). Solutions of different concentrations are allocated into the pools through an electric pump (21) for recovery. By the adoption of the technique and the ore dressing device, the pollution of harmful gas and dust to the atmospheric environment can be effectively isolated, and innocent treatment is conducted on hazardous waste.
Description
The noble metals such as the gold, silver that the present invention relates to reclaim lean ore or solid waste be applicable to ore dressing plant, and other rare precious metal is suitable to the production technology of hydrometallurgy.Noble metal technique and ore-dressing plant is reclaimed particularly to a kind of batch production lean ore dump leaching.
Background technology
The relevant laws and regulations of China environmental protection forbid ore dressing plant to use the technique that outdoor dump leaching process processes the precious metal ores such as low-grade gold, silver at present; it is the biggest to ecosystem environmental effect based on existing dump leaching process; enterprise staff is when operation; physical labor intensity is big; if it is improper to protect, it is easy to cause the generation of intoxication accident.And existing dump leaching process uses simple plastic film mulch anti-infiltration method, it is impossible to being effectively prevented toxic liquid to earth's surface or the severe contamination of underground water source, during dump leaching, open work can not effectively completely cut off harmful gas, dust to atmospheric environment ground contamination.Harmful substance arbitrarily discarded after dump leaching rely on natural degradation mode need of the remote past just can be attributed to harmless, and existing outdoor dump leaching process not only needs to take large area soil dump leaching waste residue, easily by natural environment influence, when heavy showers causes dump leaching field toxic solution seepage, excessive or routed heap, therefore, the sensitive area expensive, densely populated in soil, is so caused the project of huge pollution, certainly can not be examined by the environmental protection of government department environment such as water body, air, soil;Enterprise will face huge accident fine and the local masses are caused damage to reparation, lose more than gain;Why enterprise inclines to dump leaching process is exclusive, is because this technique and has the cost effectiveness advantage lower than conventional comminution floatation process.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim to address that existing dump leaching process pollutes environment, the problem being detrimental to health, it is provided that noble metal technique and ore-dressing plant are reclaimed in a kind of batch production lean ore dump leaching, and enterprise staff can be made in this way to be environmentally isolated with pollution, avoid hazard to person, remote control mechanical work;In airtight Factory Building, be automatically performed feed intake, fluid injection, washing, a series of operation process such as discharge, it is achieved noble metal environmentally safe is reclaimed in lean ore dump leaching, the noble metal such as dump leaching automatization, continuous isolation gold, silver.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, present invention employs techniques below scheme.
Noble metal technique and ore-dressing plant are reclaimed in a kind of batch production lean ore dump leaching, including booth, heap soaking pit, Winning cell, ore deposit stacker-reclaimer, gantry crane crane span structure, stand material machine, transporter, take off and wash all-in-one, stand material machine, the devices such as your liquid pool, load-bearing gantry crane crane span structure is across heap soaking pit, operation can be come and gone on rail on heap soaking pit pool side under motor drives, gantry crane crane span structure is provided with stand material machine, transporter and ore deposit stacker-reclaimer, take off and wash all-in-one, stand material machine is in the side of transporter, when mineral aggregate to be soaked uniformly drops on the conveyer belt of transporter, stand material machine slowly moves ahead along belts movement equidirectional, scrape baffle plate and mineral aggregate to be soaked on conveyer belt is scraped in pond, or conveyer belt is deflected certain angle, mineral aggregate to be soaked uniformly is dropped in heap soaking pit.The abandoned mine material that dump leaching is disposed is taken and be discharged in take off by stacker-reclaimer shovel to be washed on filter plate or the strainer of all-in-one, abandoned mine material containing highly concentrated solution sequentially pass through drain, dilute, clean, de-dry, directly it is unloaded to outside heap soaking pit, is transported to scrap heap and stacks
When uniformly piling with four or five meters of thick mineral aggregates to be soaked in heap soaking pit, primer solution is started above at bank, the limit spray that paves can also be become, shower nozzle at the bottom of pond will regularly upwards be gushed containing certain density leaching mineral solution, owing to having hole between mineral aggregate granule, solution quickly can soak top layer material. after dump leaching a period of time, open the gate of heap soaking pit and your liquid pool, your liquid pool solution just flows in, your liquid pump is entered in Winning cell by electric pump, according to selected noble metal kind, it is possible to install noble metal displacement apparatus in your liquid pool.
The described heap soaking pit for carrying mineral aggregate and leaching mineral solution must be set up outside geological fault, solution cavity district and geology crushed zone, it can be avoided that the landslide that causes of natural cause or mud-rock flow destroy, more than distance 10m of level of ground water, high-land and having at certain terrain slope;It build low-lying place in, then must build drainage ditch, sleet water can be drained in time.The construction excavation of foundation pit to be carried out of heap soaking pit, HDPE antiseepage film to be selected does impervious barrier construction in foundation ditch, the bottom of heap soaking pit uses armored concrete to lay 15-20cm thickness, use the reinforcing bar establishment net bottom of diameter more than 6.5, grid 100*100cm, continuous concrete is poured into a mould, and reserved ratio lays the deep 3 5cm grooves of pipe diameter, and heap soaking pit sidewall profiles uses trapezoidal pool wall section.Epimere width is not less than 1200cm, and pipeline and shower nozzle are laid and installed, and groove tamps wipes one's face, and at the bottom of heap soaking pit and pool wall inside and outside face must be with concrete benefit clay or be mixed with the high-grade concrete of antiseepage additive and carry out antiseepage anticracking and wipe one's face process.
Described for preventing heap soaking pit volatilization gas and leaching gold is poisonous overflows impact on atmospheric environment containing cyanide solution, have above heap soaking pit can the booth of sunshine and rain resistant, many root posts of pond surrounding support.Can be prevented effectively from ultraviolet irradiation causes the cyanide in solution to decompose and moisture content volatilization, the virulent solution also being able to avoid heavy showers to cause overflows outside pond, environment to periphery. according to different regions seasonal variations, can adjust at any time and good ventilation equipment is installed between column, there is scalable to open shutter, keep temperature and the air circulation of heap soaking pit.The bottom of heap soaking pit is provided with the leaching mineral solution shower nozzle of check valve. shower nozzle matrix arrangement, it is spaced 1000*1000cm, and solution sprays from bottom to top with certain pressure, can effectively prevent clay class mineral aggregate silt deposit from blocking mineral aggregate gap.
Described gantry crane crane span structure relies on motor to drive, it is possible to comes and goes on the rail being arranged on the pool wall of heap soaking pit both sides and runs.Stand material machine, transporter and ore deposit stacker-reclaimer are installed on crane span structure, take off and wash all-in-one, stand material machine slowly moves ahead with belts movement equidirectional, scrape baffle plate uniformly to be scraped in pond by mineral aggregate on conveyer belt, another design is conveyer belt support roller order to be raised as required, make conveyer belt order unload drop point in difference and deflect nearly an angle of 90 degrees degree, allow mineral aggregate be scattered in pond.When mineral aggregate dump leaching is disposed, first being discharged in the abandoned mine material of toxic solution to take off by reclaimer washes on the filter plate (or strainer) of all-in-one, solution drops down in heap soaking pit along filter plate space, waste material after initial filter is cleaned shower nozzle ejection lean solution by first group and carries out previous cleaning, second group of shower nozzle ejection is that pure water cleans abandoned mine material again, then processed is carried out, since Ru Ci, abandoned mine material containing highly concentrated solution sequentially passes through and drains, dilution, clean, de-dry, the scrap heap that is discharged into outside pond by transporter or transport, can be with coarse component for building sand, the mine tailing brickmaking etc. of fine particles part.
Your liquid pool described can build up and heap soaking pit one, gate and filter plate it is separated with between midfellow, when the guillotine door was open, the solution of heap soaking pit is 35 degree of gradients, it is possible to flow automatically to your liquid pool, your liquid is injected in Winning cell by electric pump, electrolytic process is complete, more a part of lean pump is washed all-in-one and be used for waste material previous cleaning, as required from electric pump toward de-, your liquid pool can also replace the noble metals such as gold, silver in your liquid equipped with zinc displacement slot.A part of lean solution is then pumped back in heap soaking pit by electric pump after adding medicament again.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is cross sectional side view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is arrangement form top view of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings with embodiment.
Such as Fig. 1, shown in 2, heap soaking pit 19 surrounding of the present invention is supported booth 7 by many pillars 1, it is provided with at an intercolumniation and can open or dismountable shutter, gantry crane crane span structure 11 is across heap soaking pit 19, under running driver 3 drives, operation can be come and gone on the rail 13 of Chi Dingshang, reclaimer 4 is installed on gantry crane crane span structure 11, stand material machine 5, de-filter 9 and belt conveyer 14, 4 breezes of reclaimer uniformly drop on the belt of belt conveyer 14, stand material machine 5 slowly moves ahead along belts movement equidirectional, scrape baffle plate and Ore powder on belt conveyer 14 belt is scraped in heap soaking pit 19, or as required belt conveyer 14 belt is being unloaded drop point deflection certain angle successively, allow in scattered mineral aggregate landing pond.Shower nozzle 5 at the bottom of pond is constantly upwards gushed containing certain density leaching mineral solution, owing to there being certain hole between Ore powder material, even if in pond being four or five meters of thick windrows, top layer heap breeze material also can be soaked by solution. and the physical features relative solution recovery pond of heap soaking pit wants height, have equipped with displacement apparatus in noble metal recovered liquid. the abandoned mine powder that dump leaching is disposed, being discharged in by abandoned mine material by reclaimer 4 de-washes on filter plate or the strainer of all-in-one 9, abandoned mine material containing highly concentrated solution sequentially passes through de-to be washed all-in-one 9 and drains, dilution, clean, take off the operations such as dry, the spoil area being directly discharged in outside heap soaking pit 19.
Use present invention process and device, collect lean ore dump leaching experiment optimization data as follows: build the length 40-60 rice of heap soaking pit, width 30-40 rice, entering heap ore particle degree 10 50mm, soak mineral solution concentration 0.12% degree, heap is high 5 to 6 meters, within first 20 days, use uninterrupted spray 25 liters/cube per hour, within latter 40 days, solution concentration algoscopy can be used, be not less than 0.1%, be spaced 2 hours sprays.Leaching ore deposit natural law 60 days, soaks cinder grade 0.36 g ton, and leaching rate reaches 78%.
Claims (7)
1. noble metal technique and ore-dressing plant are reclaimed in a batch production lean ore dump leaching, it is characterized in that: include heap soaking pit (19), have scalable and there is the airtight booth (7) of ventilating dust-arrester, heap soaking pit (19) is had in booth (7), your liquid pool (23), heap soaking pit (19) both sides are provided with rail (13), gantry crane crane span structure (11) can run with upper the coming and going of rail (13) under motor drives, gantry crane crane span structure (11) is provided with stand material machine (5), reclaimer (4), transporter (14), take off and wash the machinerys such as all-in-one (9), load-bearing gantry crane crane span structure (11) is across heap soaking pit (19).
The construction of heap soaking pit (19) the most according to claim 1, after excavation of foundation pit, HDPE antiseepage film (17) to be selected does impervious barrier, it is bottom sandy soils (18) pond, to use armored concrete to lay 15-20cm thickness under impervious barrier, use the reinforcing bar establishment net bottom of diameter more than 6.5, grid 100*100cm, continuous concrete is poured into a mould, and reserves than laying the deep 2 3cm grooves of pipe diameter, heap soaking pit sidewall profiles uses trapezoidal pool wall section, and width is not less than 1000cm.
Liquid-transport pipe-line (16) and shower nozzle (15) are installed in heap soaking pit (19) the most according to claim 1, groove needs to tamp after installing liquid-transport pipe-line and wipes one's face, and at the bottom of heap soaking pit and pool wall inside and outside face must be with concrete benefit clay or be mixed with the high-grade concrete of antiseepage additive and carry out antiseepage anticracking and wipe one's face process.
nullStand material machine (5) is installed on gantry crane crane span structure (11) the most according to claim 1、Transporter (14) and ore deposit stacker-reclaimer (4)、Take off and wash all-in-one (9),Stand material machine (5) is in the side of transporter (14),When Ore drops uniformly on the conveyer belt of (14) run,Stand material machine (5) slowly moves ahead along belts movement equidirectional,Scrape baffle plate scraping conveyer belt in pond through the Ore powder pulverized,Or as required conveyer belt is being unloaded drop point deflection certain angle successively,Allow in Ore powder landing pond,The mine tailing powder that dump leaching is disposed,By the reclaimer (4) of transporter opposite side, abandoned mine powder shovel is taken and is discharged in de-washing on filter plate or the strainer of all-in-one (9),Abandoned mine powder containing highly concentrated solution sequentially passes through and drains、Dilution、Clean、De-dry,Directly it is unloaded to heap soaking pit (19) outward,It is transported to scrap heap 27 stack.
The most according to claim 1, supported by many pillars (1) can sunshine and rain resistant booth (7) for heap soaking pit (19) surrounding, it is provided with between pillar (1) and can open or dismountable shutter, good ventilation equipment is installed, have and can be prevented effectively from ultraviolet and irradiate and cause cyanide in solution to decompose and moisture content volatilizees, the toxic solution also being able to avoid heavy showers to cause overflows outside pond, the environment to periphery..
The most according to claim 1, your liquid collecting pit (23) can build up one with heap soaking pit (19), what two ponds were middle has partition wall, partition wall is provided with gate and filter plate, when the guillotine door was open, the solution of heap soaking pit (19) can flow automatically to your liquid pool (23), having Winning cell (26) outside your liquid pool (23) or equipped with zinc displacement slot, can constantly be displaced by the noble metals such as gold, silver in heap leaching solution, lean solution is then pumped back in heap soaking pit (19) by electric pump (21) after adding medicament enrichment again.
The most according to claim 1, the solution to variable concentrations being made up of cistern (22), heap soaking pit (19), your liquid pool (23), de-filter all-in-one (9), infusion pipeline (16) etc. use and form closed cycle system, both can be with using water wisely, reduce cost, the pollution to environment can be prevented effectively from again.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN201610198602.1A CN105861820A (en) | 2016-04-01 | 2016-04-01 | Technique for recycling precious metal from factory lean ore through dump leaching and ore dressing device |
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CN201610198602.1A CN105861820A (en) | 2016-04-01 | 2016-04-01 | Technique for recycling precious metal from factory lean ore through dump leaching and ore dressing device |
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Citations (8)
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---|---|---|---|---|
CN1038065A (en) * | 1988-03-04 | 1989-12-20 | 荧光器公司 | The wafer transfer cask assembly of available automat operation |
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2016
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Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
乔繁盛等: "《浸矿技术》", 31 October 1994, 北京:原子能出版社 * |
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