CN105853898A - 一种用于膝关节康复护理的中药熏洗粉剂及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于膝关节康复护理的中药熏洗粉剂及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于膝关节康复护理的中药熏洗粉剂及制备方法，属中药领域。本发明药物有效成分的原料组成为：牛马藤、盒果藤、爬藤榕、川芎、四方藤、扶芳藤、芦子藤、甘草、延胡索、川桂皮、木通根、续断、斑叶兰、桑寄生、铁丝灵仙、牛膝、蜈蚣草、五加皮、鸭脚木皮、莪术、冬瓜藤、接骨草、细柄薯蓣、土元。本发明选用药材符合君臣左使之理，针对病因对症下药，有祛风除湿、强筋健骨、破血逐瘀、活血化瘀、温经散寒、行气活血、舒筋活络、消肿止痛、通利关节之功效，吸收效果好，疗效显著，无毒副作用及临床不良反应，经临床验证对膝关节功能障碍治愈率较高。
Description
所属技术领域
本发明涉及中药领域，尤其涉及一种用于膝关节康复护理的中药熏洗粉剂及制备方法。
背景技术
关节功能障碍是骨折、软组织损伤、肌腱韧带拉伤后常见的并发症，症状除关节僵硬外，常伴有局部肿胀、皮肤瘢痕挛缩、疼痛、麻木及局部寒热等症状。在全身的关节中，膝关节活动非常频繁，容易受到伤害，特别是年轻人往往喜欢运动，有时忽然运动用力过猛，急速扭转，会让膝关节受到冲击，极其容易受伤，此外，跑、跳、跃对于膝盖的冲击都非常大，容易使膝关节受伤。膝关节损伤治疗后期不可避免地会遗留膝关节功能障碍、疼痛、肿胀，功能恢复时间较长的问题，通常需要进行康复训练，来恢复膝关节的功能，在训练期间需要服用阿司匹林、布洛芬等抗炎镇痛类药物来缓解疼痛，消除炎症，辅助训练顺利进行，但服用西药并不能加快功能恢复，且具有一定的副作用。
膝关节损伤仅靠功能锻炼需要很长时间才能恢复，若患者的主观能动性较差，缺乏毅力，可能导致关节终生功能障碍。膝关节功能障碍从中医上看，是因外力所伤，导致局部气血壅塞，经络不通，甚至经脉断裂，故局部红肿疼痛，加之内外固定长期制动，使关节运动骤减，软组织逐渐粘连，气血不能濡养经脉肌肉，日久则肌肉失养萎缩，筋脉挛缩，屈伸不利，从而导致本病发生。故本发明根据病因对症下药，具有祛风除湿、强筋健骨、破血逐瘀、活血化瘀、温经散寒、行气活血、舒筋活络、消肿止痛、通利关节之功效，通过熏洗，诸药可直接透达筋骨关节，调动气血经络功能，使局部血脉通畅，改善肿痛及挛缩，防止肌肉萎缩及组织粘连，消除炎症，促进关节功能恢复，吸收效果好，疗效显著，无毒副作用及临床不良反应，经临床验证对膝关节功能障碍治愈率较高。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种用于膝关节康复护理的中药熏洗粉剂及制备方法，具有祛风除湿、强筋健骨、破血逐瘀、活血化瘀、温经散寒、行气活血、舒筋活络、消肿止痛、通利关节之功效，治病求源标本兼治，对各种原因引起的膝关节功能障碍均具有很好的疗效。
为实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案实施如下：
一种用于膝关节康复护理的中药熏洗粉剂，制成所述药物有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为：
牛马藤70～90份、盒果藤66～86份、爬藤榕62～82份、川芎59～78份、
四方藤56～75份、扶芳藤53～72份、芦子藤50～68份、甘草47～65份、
延胡索43～62份、川桂皮40～59份、木通根37～56份、续断35～52份、
斑叶兰32～48份、桑寄生29～45份、铁丝灵仙26～42份、牛膝23～38份、
蜈蚣草20～34份、五加皮17～30份、鸭脚木皮14～26份、莪术10～22份、
冬瓜藤8～18份、接骨草5～15份、细柄薯蓣3～12份、土元1～10份。
制成所述药物有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为：
牛马藤74～86份、盒果藤70～82份、爬藤榕66～78份、川芎63～75份、
四方藤60～72份、扶芳藤57～68份、芦子藤54～65份、甘草50～62份、
延胡索47～59份、川桂皮43～56份、木通根40～52份、续断38～48份、
斑叶兰35～45份、桑寄生32～42份、铁丝灵仙29～38份、牛膝26～35份、
蜈蚣草23～30份、五加皮20～27份、鸭脚木皮17～23份、莪术13～19份、
冬瓜藤10～16份、接骨草7～12份、细柄薯蓣5～10份、土元3～7份。
制成所述药物有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为：
牛马藤80份、盒果藤76份、爬藤榕72份、川芎68份、
四方藤65份、扶芳藤62份、芦子藤59份、甘草56份、
延胡索53份、川桂皮50份、木通根46份、续断43份、
斑叶兰40份、桑寄生37份、铁丝灵仙34份、牛膝30份、
蜈蚣草27份、五加皮24份、鸭脚木皮20份、莪术17份、
冬瓜藤13份、接骨草10份、细柄薯蓣7份、土元4份。
一种用于膝关节康复护理的中药熏洗粉剂的制备方法，包括以下工艺步骤：
(1)将牛马藤、四方藤、扶芳藤、芦子藤、木通根、斑叶兰、桑寄生、铁丝灵仙、牛膝、鸭脚木皮、细柄薯蓣洗净后放入容器中，加入3～5倍量的绍兴黄酒，煮沸后放凉，继续浸泡3～5小时，取浸液；在剩余的药渣中再加入2～4倍量的绍兴黄酒，煮沸后放晾，继续浸泡2～4小时，取浸液；合并两次所得浸液，加蒸蒸发浓缩为相对密度1.10～1.20的稠膏，备用；
(2)将盒果藤、爬藤榕、川桂皮、蜈蚣草、冬瓜藤、接骨草洗净后混合均匀，放入容器中，在容器中加入6～8倍量的水，加热煮沸2～3小时，冷却后取浸液；在剩余的药渣中再加入4～6倍量的水，加热煮沸1～2小时，冷却后取浸液；合并两次所得浸液，加热，蒸发浓缩为相对密度1.15～1.25的稠膏，备用；
(3)取川芎片用黄酒喷洒均匀，稍闷，置锅内炒至微焦为度，取出放凉，粉碎研末，过100目细筛，得细粉，备用；
(4)取净甘草片，加入炼熟的蜂蜜与少许开水，拌匀后稍闷，置炒制容器内，文火炒至深黄色，不粘手时取出，放凉，粉碎研末，过100目细筛，得细粉，备用；
(5)取净延胡索片或碎块，加黄酒拌匀，闷透，置锅内用文火加热，炒干，取出放凉，粉碎研末，过100目细筛，得细粉，备用；
(6)取续断片用酒拌匀吸干，入锅内以文火炒干为度，取出放凉，粉碎研末，过100目细筛，得细粉，备用；
(7)将五加皮片与黄酒拌匀，闷润至酒尽时，取出，晾干，粉碎研末，过100目细筛，得细粉，备用；
(8)将莪术加定量的米醋拌匀，闷润至醋被吸尽后，置炒制容器内，用文火加热炒干，取出晾凉，粉碎研末，过100目细筛，得细粉，备用；
(9)将土元置锅内文火加热，炒至微焦，取出放凉，粉碎研末，过100目细筛，得细粉，备用；
(10)将步骤(1)、步骤(2)所得的稠膏，与步骤(3)、步骤(4)、步骤(5)、步骤(6)、步骤(7)、步骤(8)、步骤(9)中所得的细粉混合，加辅料蔗糖和糊精混合均匀制成颗粒，干燥、整粒后，封装成每袋15g的中药洗剂。
本发明所用中药的药性如下：
牛马藤：味甘，性温。活血化瘀，祛风除湿，通经活络。用于跌打损伤，风湿疼痛、麻木，通经，经闭。《分类草药性》："治寒脾风，风湿麻木，筋骨疼痛，消肿。"
盒果藤：味甘；微苦；性平。利水消肿、舒筋活络。主治：水肿；大便秘结；久伤筋硬；不能伸缩。外用治骨折后期经络挛缩。
爬藤榕：味辛；甘；性温。祛风除湿；行气活血；消肿止痛。主治风湿痹痛；神经性头痛；小儿惊风；胃痛；跌打损伤。
川芎：味辛；性温。归肝；胆；心包经。活血祛瘀；行气开郁；祛风止痛。主治癓瘕肿块；胸胁疼痛；头痛眩晕；风寒湿痹；跌打损伤；痈疽疮疡。《本草正》载：“散风寒，治痛，破瘀蓄，通血脉，解结气，逐疼痛，排脓消肿，逐血通经。”现代医学科学研究发现，川芎提取液对抑制白血病细胞有一定作用，制剂有一定的抗菌作用，尤其是对伤寒杆菌、副伤寒杆菌、霍乱弧菌、绿脓杆菌及致病性皮肤真菌等均有抑制作用，川芎所含的川芎嗪、阿魏酸纳具有活血化瘀功效，可扩张冠状动脉，增进冠脉流量，缓解心绞痛，并具有抗血栓形成作用，所含的川芎内酯有平滑肌解痉和抑制肠肌、子宫收缩等作用。
四方藤：味辛；微苦；性平。归肝经。祛风除湿；活血通络。用于风湿痹痛，关节胀痛，腰肌劳损，筋络拘急。《陆川本草》：去风湿。治四肢挛急，抽搐，风湿痛，跌打伤筋。
扶芳藤：味苦；甘；微辛；性微温。归肝；脾；肾经。舒筋活络；益肾壮腰；止血消瘀。主治肾虚腰膝酸痛；半身不遂；风湿痹痛；小儿惊风；咯血；吐血；血崩；有经不调；子宫脱垂；跌打骨折；创伤出血。《浙江天目山药植志》：行气活血。治腰膝疼痛，关节酸痛。
芦子藤：味辛；性温。归肺；心；肝；脾；胃经。祛风除湿；除湿通络。主治感冒风寒；风湿痹痛；胃痛；月经不调；跌打损伤；骨折。《云南中草药》：舒筋活络，温经利湿，行气止痛。治风湿，月经不调，胃痛，跌打损伤。
甘草：味甘；性平。归心；肺；脾；胃经。补脾益气；清热解毒；祛痰止咳；缓急止痛；调和诸药。主治脾胃虚弱；倦怠乏力；心悸气短；咳嗽痰多；脘腹四肢挛急疼痛；痈肿疮毒；缓解药物毒性。《本草纲目》载：“诸药中甘草为君。治七十二种乳石毒，解一千二百般草本毒，调和从药有功。”现代医学研究证实，甘草有较强的解毒作用，还有抗溃疡、抗炎症、镇痉镇咳、降血压、降血脂、抗癌作用，广泛用于治疗咽喉炎、喉炎、气管炎、支气管炎、哮喘、咳嗽、咳血等疾病，此外还具有抗胃溃疡、抗胃炎作用。
延胡索：味辛；苦；性温；无毒。归肝；胃；心；肺；脾经。活血；散瘀；理气；止痛。主治心腹腰膝诸痛；月经不调；症瘕；崩中；产后血晕；恶露不尽；跌打损伤。《纲目》载：“能行血中气滞，气中血滞，故专治一身上下诸痛，用之中的，妙不可言。活血，利气，止痛，通小便。”现代医学研究表明，延胡索有显著的镇痛、镇静、催眠、安定作用，兴奋胃肠平滑肌，显著扩张冠状血管，能引起垂体促肾上腺皮质激素的分泌，对肌肉有松驰作用。
川桂皮：味辛；甘；性温。温经散寒；行气活血；止痛。主治：风寒感冒；胃脘冷痛；痛经；风湿关节疼痛；跌打损伤；骨折。
木通根：味苦；性平；归肝；肾经。祛风通络；利水消肿；行气活血；补肝肾；强筋骨。主治风湿痹痛；跌打损伤；经闭；疝气；睾丸肿痛；脘腹胀闷；小便不利；带下；虫蛇咬伤。《浙江民间常用草药》：祛风止痛，行气活血，利尿解毒。
续断：味苦；辛；性微温。归肝；肾经。补肝肾；强筋骨；调血脉；续折伤；止崩漏。用于腰背酸疼；肢节痿痹；跌扑创伤；损盘折骨；痈疽疮肿。《证治准绳》载：“甘温助阳，辛以散瘀，兼有补益肝肾，强健壮骨，通利血脉之功。”现代医学研究证实，续断含有多种生物碱和微量元素钛，有抗维生素E缺乏症的作用，对痈疡有排脓、止血、镇痛、促进组织再生的作用。
斑叶兰：味甘；辛；性平。润肺止咳；补肾益气；行气活血；消肿解毒。主治肺痨咳嗽；气管炎；头晕乏力；神经衰弱；阳痿；跌打损伤；骨节疼痛；咽喉肿痛；乳痈；疮疖；瘰疬；毒蛇咬伤。《浙江民间常用草药》："清热解毒，消炎退肿。治毒蛇咬伤，痈肿疮疖，肺病咳嗽，气管炎。"
桑寄生：味苦；甘；性平。入肝；肾经。补肝肾；强筋骨；祛风湿；安胎。主治腰膝酸痛；筋骨痿弱；肢体偏枯；风湿痹痛；头晕目眩；胎动不安，崩漏下血。《本草求真》载：“缘肾主骨，发主血，苦人肾，肾得补则筋骨有力，不致屡痔而酸感矣。甘补血，血得补则发受其灌荫而不桔脱落矣。故凡内而腰痛、筋骨笃疾、胎堕，外而金疮、肌肤风湿。”现代医学研究证实，桑寄生有降压、抗心律失常、增加冠脉流量、改善冠脉循环、增强心脏收缩力、降低心肌耗氧、抑制血小板聚集，抗血栓形成、改善微循环、抗肿瘤作用、治疗肝炎等诸多功效。
铁丝灵仙：味辛；微苦；性平。祛风除湿；活血通络；解毒散结。主治风湿痹痛；关节不利；疮疖；肿毒；瘰疬。
牛膝：味苦；酸；性平。归肝；肾经。补肝肾；强筋骨；活血通经；引火下行；利尿通淋。主治腰膝酸痛；下肢痿软；血滞经闭；痛经；产后血瘀腹痛；徵瘕；胞衣不下；热淋；血淋；跌打损伤；痈肿恶疮；咽喉肿痛。朱震亨：牛膝，能引诸药下行，筋骨痛风在下者，宜加用之。
蜈蚣草：味淡；苦；性凉。归肝；大肠；膀胱经。祛风除湿；舒筋活络；解毒杀虫。主风湿筋骨疼痛；腰痛；肢麻屈伸不利；半身不遂；跌打损伤；感冒；痢疾；乳痈；疮毒；疥疮；蛔虫症；蛇虫咬伤。
五加皮：味辛、苦，性温。归肝、肾经。祛风湿；补肝肾；强筋骨；活血脉。主风寒湿痹；腰膝疼痛；筋骨痿软；小儿行迟；体虚赢弱；跌打损伤；骨折；水肿；脚气；阴下湿痒。《本草再新》：化痰除湿，养肾益精，去风消水，理脚气腰痛，治疮疥诸毒。现代研究证明，本品具有抗肿瘤、抗疲劳、降低全血粘度、防止动脉粥样硬化形成等作用。
鸭脚木皮：味辛；苦；性凉。发汗解表；祛风除湿；舒筋活络。主治感冒发热，咽喉肿痛；烫伤；无名肿毒；风湿痹痛；跌打损打；骨折。《陆川本草》：驳骨止血，消肿止痛。治风湿骨痛，跌打骨折，伤积肿痛，刀伤出血。
莪术：味辛；苦；性温。归肝；脾经。行气破血；消积止痛。主治血气心痛；饮食积滞；脘腹胀痛；血滞经闭；痛经；癓瘕瘤痞块；跌打损伤。《药品化义》载：“味辛性烈，专攻气中之血，主破积消坚，去积聚癖块，经闭血瘀，扑报疼痛。”现代医学研究证实，莪术对多种瘤株的生长有明显的抑制与破坏作用，对瘤、癌细胞核代谢有抑制作用，显著提高血液中淋巴细胞的含量，增强瘤细胞免疫原性，诱惑或促进机体对肿瘤的免疫排斥反应，提高放射治疗效果。
冬瓜藤：味苦；性寒。归肺；肝经。清肺化痰；通经活络。主治肺热咳痰；关节不利；脱肛；疮疥。《本草再新》：活络通经，利关节，和血气，去湿追风。
接骨草：味苦；性平。祛瘀生新；舒筋活络；强壮筋骨。主治风湿骨痛；跌打；接骨。《滇南本草》载：“行十二经络，治筋骨痰火、疼痛、手足麻木不仁。散瘰手足痰核，治跌打损伤，接骨。”现代医学研究证实，接骨草所含的槲皮素、槲皮甙、异槲皮甙等对金黄色葡萄球杆菌、伤寒杆菌具有较强的抑制作用，所含的金丝桃甙具明显的抗炎作用。
细柄薯蓣：味苦；辛；性平。祛风湿；舒筋活络。主治风湿痹痛；筋脉拘孪；四肢麻木；跌打损伤；劳伤无力。
土元：味咸；性寒；小毒。入肝经。破血逐瘀；续筋接骨。主治血瘀经闭，症瘕积块，跌打瘀肿，筋骨骨折，木舌重舌。《分类草药性》载：“治跌打损伤，风湿筋骨痛，消肿，吹喉症。”现代医学研究证实，土元至少含有17种氨基酸、28种微量元素，以及多种生物碱，对恶性肿瘤有改善症状的作用，可用于调节血压、血脂、溶栓，此外还有消炎、解毒、镇静等作用，与其他中药配伍对腰痛等顽症具有很高的治疗效果。
本发明与现有技术相比，具有以下有益效果：
本发明选用药材君、臣、左、使诸理皆备，药性相适相辅，针对病因对症下药，具有祛风除湿、强筋健骨、破血逐瘀、活血化瘀、温经散寒、行气活血、舒筋活络、消肿止痛、通利关节之功效，通过熏洗，诸药可直接透达筋骨关节，调动气血经络功能，使局部血脉通畅，改善肿痛及挛缩，防止肌肉萎缩及组织粘连，消除炎症，促进关节功能恢复，吸收效果好，疗效显著，无毒副作用及临床不良反应，经临床验证对膝关节功能障碍治愈率较高。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步阐述。
实施例1
本发明药物有效成分的原料组成及重量为：
牛马藤70～90g、盒果藤66～86g、爬藤榕62～82g、川芎59～78g、
四方藤56～75g、扶芳藤53～72g、芦子藤50～68g、甘草47～65g、
延胡索43～62g、川桂皮40～59g、木通根37～56g、续断35～52g、
斑叶兰32～48g、桑寄生29～45g、铁丝灵仙26～42g、牛膝23～38g、
蜈蚣草20～34g、五加皮17～30g、鸭脚木皮14～26g、莪术10～22g、
冬瓜藤8～18g、接骨草5～15g、细柄薯蓣3～12g、土元1～10g。
本发明药物制备方法的工艺步骤为：
(1)将牛马藤、四方藤、扶芳藤、芦子藤、木通根、斑叶兰、桑寄生、铁丝灵仙、牛膝、鸭脚木皮、细柄薯蓣洗净后放入容器中，加入3～5倍量的绍兴黄酒，煮沸后放凉，继续浸泡3～5小时，取浸液；在剩余的药渣中再加入2～4倍量的绍兴黄酒，煮沸后放晾，继续浸泡2～4小时，取浸液；合并两次所得浸液，加蒸蒸发浓缩为相对密度1.10～1.20的稠膏，备用；
(2)将盒果藤、爬藤榕、川桂皮、蜈蚣草、冬瓜藤、接骨草洗净后混合均匀，放入容器中，在容器中加入6～8倍量的水，加热煮沸2～3小时，冷却后取浸液；在剩余的药渣中再加入4～6倍量的水，加热煮沸1～2小时，冷却后取浸液；合并两次所得浸液，加热，蒸发浓缩为相对密度1.15～1.25的稠膏，备用；
(3)取川芎片用黄酒喷洒均匀，稍闷，置锅内炒至微焦为度，取出放凉，粉碎研末，过100目细筛，得细粉，备用；
(4)取净甘草片，加入炼熟的蜂蜜与少许开水，拌匀后稍闷，置炒制容器内，文火炒至深黄色，不粘手时取出，放凉，粉碎研末，过100目细筛，得细粉，备用；
(5)取净延胡索片或碎块，加黄酒拌匀，闷透，置锅内用文火加热，炒干，取出放凉，粉碎研末，过100目细筛，得细粉，备用；
(6)取续断片用酒拌匀吸干，入锅内以文火炒干为度，取出放凉，粉碎研末，过100目细筛，得细粉，备用；
(7)将五加皮片与黄酒拌匀，闷润至酒尽时，取出，晾干，粉碎研末，过100目细筛，得细粉，备用；
(8)将莪术加定量的米醋拌匀，闷润至醋被吸尽后，置炒制容器内，用文火加热炒干，取出晾凉，粉碎研末，过100目细筛，得细粉，备用；
(9)将土元置锅内文火加热，炒至微焦，取出放凉，粉碎研末，过100目细筛，得细粉，备用；
(10)将步骤(1)、步骤(2)所得的稠膏，与步骤(3)、步骤(4)、步骤(5)、步骤(6)、步骤(7)、步骤(8)、步骤(9)中所得的细粉混合，加辅料蔗糖和糊精混合均匀制成颗粒，干燥、整粒后，封装成每袋15g的中药洗剂。
用法用量：将本发明中药粉剂倒入桶中，每次一袋，加入开水搅拌均匀，以蒸汽熏蒸膝部，待水温降低后，将膝部浸入水中浸泡清洗，每日早晚各一次，10天为一疗程。
实施例2
本发明药物有效成分的原料组成及重量为：
牛马藤74～86g、盒果藤70～82g、爬藤榕66～78g、川芎63～75g、
四方藤60～72g、扶芳藤57～68g、芦子藤54～65g、甘草50～62g、
延胡索47～59g、川桂皮43～56g、木通根40～52g、续断38～48g、
斑叶兰35～45g、桑寄生32～42g、铁丝灵仙29～38g、牛膝26～35g、
蜈蚣草23～30g、五加皮20～27g、鸭脚木皮17～23g、莪术13～19g、
冬瓜藤10～16g、接骨草7～12g、细柄薯蓣5～10g、土元3～7g。
本实施例的药物制备方法工艺步骤及用法用量与实施例1相同。
实施例3
本发明药物有效成分的原料组成及重量为：
牛马藤80g、盒果藤76g、爬藤榕72g、川芎68g、
四方藤65g、扶芳藤62g、芦子藤59g、甘草56g、
延胡索53g、川桂皮50g、木通根46g、续断43g、
斑叶兰40g、桑寄生37g、铁丝灵仙34g、牛膝30g、
蜈蚣草27g、五加皮24g、鸭脚木皮20g、莪术17g、
冬瓜藤13g、接骨草10g、细柄薯蓣7g、土元4g。
本实施例的药物制备方法工艺步骤及用法用量与实施例1相同。
临床资料：
1、病例选择
选择我院确诊的膝关节功能障碍患者80例临床观察，病人随机分成两组。
治疗组40例，其中男性29例，女性11例，年龄14～57岁，平均年龄37.6岁。对照组40例，其中男性28例，女性12例，年龄15～57岁，平均年龄38.4岁。两组资历基本一致，无显著差异，具有可比性。
2、两组患者均进行常规的按摩、理疗、功能锻炼等膝关节功能康复训练，另外治疗组患者使用本发明中药粉剂进行熏洗辅助治疗，外用，每次1袋，每天早晚各1次，10天为一个疗程，使用3个疗程。对照组根据膝关节功能障碍的症状，予以阿司匹林、布洛芬等抗炎镇痛类药物来缓解疼痛，消除炎症，辅助康复训练顺利进行。
3、疗效判定：
(1)治愈：治疗后局部肿胀、疼痛等症状消失，膝关节活动恢复正常。
(2)好转：膝关节肿胀、疼痛等症状基本消失，膝关节活动接近正常，日常活动无妨碍，膝关节功能明显改善。
(3)无效：局部肿胀疼痛改善不明显，行走和日常活动明显受限，膝关节功能无明显改善。
4、结果
治疗组治愈率57.5％、总有效率92.5％，对照组治愈率42.5％、总有效率80％，两组疗效比较，差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)，故治疗组对于本病的疗效明显优于对照组。
表1两组患者临床疗效比较
典型病例举例：
1、蔡××，男，17岁，学生。该患者在体育活动时，意外跌倒，膝盖撞到水泥地上，导致膝盖骨折，在骨折后期拆除石膏后，进行康复训练，同时使用本发明中药粉剂进行熏洗辅助治疗3个疗程后，膝关节局部肿胀、疼痛等症状消失，膝关节活动恢复正常，已痊愈。
2、何××，女，39岁，工人。该患者因意外将左膝盖扭伤，导致左膝关节内侧副韧带损伤，进行常规治疗后，后期进行康复训练，左膝关节处红肿疼痛，屈伸不利，经使用本发明中药粉剂进行熏洗辅助治疗2个疗程后，左膝关节处红肿疼痛，屈伸不利等症状完全消失，左膝关节活动恢复正常，已痊愈。
膝关节功能障碍多见于膝关节及邻近关节部位组织严重损伤后，由于关节固定时间过长引起。若膝关节屈曲范围<60°，将给患者日常活动带来极大不便，需通过康复治疗改善和恢复患膝关节功能。膝关节功能障碍从中医上看，是因外力所伤，导致局部气血壅塞，经络不通，甚至经脉断裂，故局部红肿疼痛，加之内外固定长期制动，使关节运动骤减，软组织逐渐粘连，气血不能濡养经脉肌肉，日久则肌肉失养萎缩，筋脉挛缩，屈伸不利，从而导致本病发生。本发明根据病因对症下药，采用中药熏洗使药力经皮肤腠理直达筋骨关节部位，可以起到温通关节、缓解粘连的作用，使用简单，见效快。本发明方中所选中药药性相适相辅，方中桑寄生、续断、五加皮、牛膝、接骨草可强筋健骨、通利血脉；方中莪术、土元可破血逐瘀、续筋接骨；方中川芎、牛马藤、延胡索可活血化瘀、理气止痛；方中川桂皮、斑叶兰、木通根、爬藤榕可温经散寒、行气活血、消肿止痛；方中四方藤、扶芳藤、芦子藤、盒果藤、蜈蚣草、细柄薯蓣、鸭脚木皮、冬瓜藤、铁丝灵仙可祛风除湿、舒筋活络、通利关节；方中甘草可调和诸药；方中诸药合用可共奏祛风除湿、强筋健骨、破血逐瘀、活血化瘀、温经散寒、行气活血、舒筋活络、消肿止痛、通利关节之功效，通过熏洗，诸药可直接透达筋骨关节，调动气血经络功能，使局部血脉通畅，改善肿痛及挛缩，防止肌肉萎缩及组织粘连，消除炎症，促进关节功能恢复，吸收效果好，疗效显著，无毒副作用及临床不良反应，经临床验证对膝关节功能障碍治愈率较高。
Claims (4)
1.一种用于膝关节康复护理的中药熏洗粉剂，其特征在于，制成所述药物有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为：
牛马藤70～90份、盒果藤66～86份、爬藤榕62～82份、川芎59～78份、
四方藤56～75份、扶芳藤53～72份、芦子藤50～68份、甘草47～65份、
延胡索43～62份、川桂皮40～59份、木通根37～56份、续断35～52份、
斑叶兰32～48份、桑寄生29～45份、铁丝灵仙26～42份、牛膝23～38份、
蜈蚣草20～34份、五加皮17～30份、鸭脚木皮14～26份、莪术10～22份、
冬瓜藤8～18份、接骨草5～15份、细柄薯蓣3～12份、土元1～10份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于膝关节康复护理的中药熏洗粉剂，其特征在于，制成所述药物有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为：
牛马藤74～86份、盒果藤70～82份、爬藤榕66～78份、川芎63～75份、
四方藤60～72份、扶芳藤57～68份、芦子藤54～65份、甘草50～62份、
延胡索47～59份、川桂皮43～56份、木通根40～52份、续断38～48份、
斑叶兰35～45份、桑寄生32～42份、铁丝灵仙29～38份、牛膝26～35份、
蜈蚣草23～30份、五加皮20～27份、鸭脚木皮17～23份、莪术13～19份、
冬瓜藤10～16份、接骨草7～12份、细柄薯蓣5～10份、土元3～7份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于膝关节康复护理的中药熏洗粉剂，其特征在于，制成所述药物有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为：
牛马藤80份、盒果藤76份、爬藤榕72份、川芎68份、
四方藤65份、扶芳藤62份、芦子藤59份、甘草56份、
延胡索53份、川桂皮50份、木通根46份、续断43份、
斑叶兰40份、桑寄生37份、铁丝灵仙34份、牛膝30份、
蜈蚣草27份、五加皮24份、鸭脚木皮20份、莪术17份、
冬瓜藤13份、接骨草10份、细柄薯蓣7份、土元4份。
4.根据权利要求1～3所述的一种用于膝关节康复护理的中药熏洗粉剂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下工艺步骤：
(1)将牛马藤、四方藤、扶芳藤、芦子藤、木通根、斑叶兰、桑寄生、铁丝灵仙、牛膝、鸭脚木皮、细柄薯蓣洗净后放入容器中，加入3～5倍量的绍兴黄酒，煮沸后放凉，继续浸泡3～5小时，取浸液；在剩余的药渣中再加入2～4倍量的绍兴黄酒，煮沸后放晾，继续浸泡2～4小时，取浸液；合并两次所得浸液，加蒸蒸发浓缩为相对密度1.10～1.20的稠膏，备用；
(2)将盒果藤、爬藤榕、川桂皮、蜈蚣草、冬瓜藤、接骨草洗净后混合均匀，放入容器中，在容器中加入6～8倍量的水，加热煮沸2～3小时，冷却后取浸液；在剩余的药渣中再加入4～6倍量的水，加热煮沸1～2小时，冷却后取浸液；合并两次所得浸液，加热，蒸发浓缩为相对密度1.15～1.25的稠膏，备用；
(3)取川芎片用黄酒喷洒均匀，稍闷，置锅内炒至微焦为度，取出放凉，粉碎研末，过100目细筛，得细粉，备用；
(4)取净甘草片，加入炼熟的蜂蜜与少许开水，拌匀后稍闷，置炒制容器内，文火炒至深黄色，不粘手时取出，放凉，粉碎研末，过100目细筛，得细粉，备用；
(5)取净延胡索片或碎块，加黄酒拌匀，闷透，置锅内用文火加热，炒干，取出放凉，粉碎研末，过100目细筛，得细粉，备用；
(6)取续断片用酒拌匀吸干，入锅内以文火炒干为度，取出放凉，粉碎研末，过100目细筛，得细粉，备用；
(7)将五加皮片与黄酒拌匀，闷润至酒尽时，取出，晾干，粉碎研末，过100目细筛，得细粉，备用；
(8)将莪术加定量的米醋拌匀，闷润至醋被吸尽后，置炒制容器内，用文火加热炒干，取出晾凉，粉碎研末，过100目细筛，得细粉，备用；
(9)将土元置锅内文火加热，炒至微焦，取出放凉，粉碎研末，过100目细筛，得细粉，备用；
(10)将步骤(1)、步骤(2)所得的稠膏，与步骤(3)、步骤(4)、步骤(5)、步骤(6)、步骤(7)、步骤(8)、步骤(9)中所得的细粉混合，加辅料蔗糖和糊精混合均匀制成颗粒，干燥、整粒后，封装成每袋15g的中药洗剂。
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| CN107137529A (zh) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-09-08 | 申成凯 | 一种治疗腕关节扭挫伤的中药膏剂及其制备方法 |
| CN107802796A (zh) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-03-16 | 张淑芹 | 一种用于肘关节伤后功能障碍的中药制剂及其制备方法 |
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| CN104116976A (zh) * | 2014-07-30 | 2014-10-29 | 孙桂霞 | 治疗膝骨性关节病的外用中药 |
| CN104873847A (zh) * | 2015-05-20 | 2015-09-02 | 山东中医药大学 | 缓解软组织损伤后局部肿痛的中药外洗剂及制法 |
| CN105381128A (zh) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-03-09 | 陈玉华 | 一种辅助针灸治疗外周神经麻痹的中药冲剂及制备方法 |
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| CN104116976A (zh) * | 2014-07-30 | 2014-10-29 | 孙桂霞 | 治疗膝骨性关节病的外用中药 |
| CN104873847A (zh) * | 2015-05-20 | 2015-09-02 | 山东中医药大学 | 缓解软组织损伤后局部肿痛的中药外洗剂及制法 |
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| CN107137529A (zh) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-09-08 | 申成凯 | 一种治疗腕关节扭挫伤的中药膏剂及其制备方法 |
| CN107802796A (zh) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-03-16 | 张淑芹 | 一种用于肘关节伤后功能障碍的中药制剂及其制备方法 |
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