CN105850680A - Pitaya cultivation method - Google Patents
Pitaya cultivation method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105850680A CN105850680A CN201610218840.4A CN201610218840A CN105850680A CN 105850680 A CN105850680 A CN 105850680A CN 201610218840 A CN201610218840 A CN 201610218840A CN 105850680 A CN105850680 A CN 105850680A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- pollination
- fruit seedling
- substrate grooves
- flowers
- cultivations
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 240000001501 Hylocereus undatus Species 0.000 title claims description 51
- 235000018840 pitaya Nutrition 0.000 title abstract 4
- 235000018841 pitaya Nutrition 0.000 title abstract 4
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 201
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 145
- 230000006308 pollination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 240000000218 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 77
- 235000018481 Hylocereus undatus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 210000002356 Skeleton Anatomy 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 240000007072 Prunus domestica Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015277 pork Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000011514 reflex Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000003917 Bambusa tulda Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 abstract description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 240000008086 Echinocereus enneacanthus Species 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- 210000004279 Orbit Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 241000205576 Thalictrum thalictroides Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 3
- 206010054949 Metaplasia Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015689 metaplastic ossification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000271566 Aves Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002354 daily Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000037666 field crops Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015203 fruit juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000749 insecticidal Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001850 reproductive Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention provides a pitaya cultivation method and belongs to the technical field of fruit tree planting. The pitaya cultivation method comprises a planting wall preparation step of arranging a wall framework on land, and arranging a plurality of substrate tanks and interval belt gaps on the wall framework to form a planting wall; a planting step of planting multiple groups of seedlings on the two sides of the planting wall, wherein each group of seedlings comprise multiple cross pollination seedlings and multiple self-pollination seedlings; after the planting, a growth shaping step of causing seedlings to grow to exceed the corresponding substrate tanks thereof and penetrate the interval belt gaps of two adjacent substrate tanks to the other side of the planting wall; a flowering pollination step of controlling a flowering period, making the cross pollination seedlings and the self-pollination seedlings flower simultaneously, and performing mechanical pollination. By adoption of the technical scheme for cultivation of multi-variety pitaya, the efficient cultivation of high yield, stable yield and fruiting for the whole year is achieved, mechanical cross pollination can be achieved, and the production efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting fruit trees technical field, in particular to the cultivation of a kind of Hylocereus undatus
Culture method.
Background technology
Hylocereus undatus is to bloom night, and great majority want artificial pollination, and particularly nutrient quality is optimum
Crystal series of products also want palmification, workload is big, therefore can only the plantation of little area.
Existing facility cultivation, also continues to use south land for growing field crops pillar or monolayer row's formula plantation, facility plastic greenhouse profit
Low by rate, do not reach yielding ability.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the cultural method of a kind of Hylocereus undatus, it can make Hylocereus undatus reach
To high yield, high yield and stable yields, can realize mechanization cross-pollination, effect is higher simultaneously.
The present invention solves it and technical problem is that and realize by the following technical solutions.
A kind of cultural method of Hylocereus undatus, comprising:
Walls with cultivations of flowers or grass making step: wall skeleton is set in soil, and at described wall skeleton along perpendicular
Nogata is to arranging multiple substrate grooves and multiple intervals band gap to form described walls with cultivations of flowers or grass, multiple described
Substrate grooves and multiple described intervals band gap are arranged alternately, and multiple described substrate grooves are divided into first group of base
Matter groove and be positioned at second group of substrate grooves above described first group of substrate grooves；
Plantation step: the length direction along described walls with cultivations of flowers or grass is planted many in the both sides of described walls with cultivations of flowers or grass
Group fruit Seedling group, often organizes multiple fruit Seedlings of described fruit Seedling group and includes multiple cross-pollination fruit Seedling and multiple
Self-pollination fruit Seedling；
Growth shaping step: make multiple described cross-pollination fruit Seedling correspondence growth cross described first
Organize the multiple described substrate grooves of substrate grooves and pass the described interval of adjacent two described substrate grooves
Band gap, to the opposite side of described walls with cultivations of flowers or grass, makes multiple described self-pollination fruit Seedling correspondence growth cross
The multiple described substrate grooves of described second group of substrate grooves through adjacent two described substrate grooves
The opposite side of described interval band gap extremely described walls with cultivations of flowers or grass；
Bloom pollination step: control florescence, make described cross-pollination fruit Seedling and described award from flower
Steamed dumpling with pork, mushrooms and bamboo shoots Seedling opens simultaneously, and carries out Mechanical pollination.
The cultural method of the Hylocereus undatus that the embodiment of the present invention provides provides the benefit that: by system
The walls with cultivations of flowers or grass plantation Hylocereus undatus fruit Seedling become, it is achieved that factorial praluction, improves land utilization ratio,
Hylocereus undatus fruit Seedling includes multiple cross-pollination fruit Seedling and multiple self-pollination fruit Seedling, and oneself simultaneously
Second group of substrate grooves that flower pollination fruit Seedling is corresponding is positioned at first group of base that cross-pollination fruit Seedling is corresponding
The top of matter groove, makes self-pollination fruit Seedling and the cross-pollination corresponding growth of fruit Seedling and through adjacent
The interval band gap of two substrate grooves is to the opposite side of walls with cultivations of flowers or grass, when blooming pollination, machinery simultaneously
Pollination realizes the cross-pollination of mechanization, reduces workload, improves production efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, below will be in embodiment
The required accompanying drawing used is briefly described, it will be appreciated that the following drawings illustrate only this
Some embodiment of invention, is therefore not construed as the restriction to scope, general for this area
From the point of view of logical technical staff, on the premise of not paying creative work, it is also possible to attached according to these
Figure obtains the accompanying drawing that other are relevant.
The master of the walls with cultivations of flowers or grass of the cultural method of the Hylocereus undatus that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention regards
Figure；
The side-looking of the walls with cultivations of flowers or grass of the cultural method of the Hylocereus undatus that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Showing of the pruning alabastrum of the cultural method of the Hylocereus undatus that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention
It is intended to；
The master of the walls with cultivations of flowers or grass of the cultural method of the Hylocereus undatus that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention one
View；
The master of the walls with cultivations of flowers or grass of the cultural method of the Hylocereus undatus that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present invention two
View；
The master of the walls with cultivations of flowers or grass of the cultural method of the Hylocereus undatus that Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the present invention three
View.
In figure:
Walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10；
Substrate grooves 11；First group of substrate grooves 11a；Second group of substrate grooves 11b；First substrate
Groove 111,211,311；Second substrate grooves 112,212,312；3rd substrate grooves 113,
213、313；4th substrate grooves 114,214,314；5th substrate grooves 215,315；
6th substrate grooves 216,316；7th substrate grooves 317；
Interval band gap 12；
Cross-pollination fruit Seedling 13；First cross-pollination fruit Seedling 131；Second cross-pollination fruit
Seedling 132；3rd cross-pollination fruit Seedling 133；4th cross-pollination fruit Seedling 134；
Self-pollination fruit Seedling 14；First self-pollination fruit Seedling 141；Second cross-pollination fruit
Seedling 142；3rd self-pollination fruit Seedling 143；
Pneumathodium 15；First alabastrum 16；Second batch alabastrum 17.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the purpose of the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below by right
Technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described.In embodiment unreceipted
Actual conditions person, the condition advised according to normal condition or manufacturer is carried out.Agents useful for same or instrument
Device unreceipted production firm person, being can be by the commercially available conventional products bought and obtain.
Below the cultural method of the Hylocereus undatus of the embodiment of the present invention is specifically described.
A kind of cultural method of Hylocereus undatus, comprising: walls with cultivations of flowers or grass making step, plantation step,
Growth shaping step and pollination step of blooming.
Refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
S1, walls with cultivations of flowers or grass making step:
Wall skeleton is set in soil, and multiple substrate grooves is vertically set at wall skeleton
11 and multiple intervals band gap 12 to form walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10, multiple substrate grooves 11 and multiple interval
Band gap 12 is arranged alternately, and multiple substrate grooves 11 are divided into first group of substrate grooves 11a and are positioned at first
Second group of substrate grooves 11b above group substrate grooves 11a.
Specifically, smooth, pollution-free, traffic side open for the addressing in soil, preferably physical features
Just, have abundant water resources, clean, have electric power, and more than 1700 hours sunshine in year, non-near sea
Place with mountain pass.
It is indoor that the walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10 that the present embodiment makes is positioned at canopy, when making walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10, and base
The height of matter groove 11 is 0.3～0.9m, and the height of interval band gap 12 is 0.1～0.3m.Adjacent
Interval band gap 12 between two substrate grooves 11 be easy to follow-up Hylocereus undatus fruit Seedling tree-like setting with
And the flowing of canopy room air, it is more beneficial for Hylocereus undatus fruit Seedling growth.
Further, the sidewall of substrate grooves 11 is provided with portable plate (not shown), portable plate with
The sidewall of substrate grooves 11 is flexibly connected, and the height of portable plate is the height of substrate grooves 11
1/3～2/3.The setting of portable plate is easy to, with changing the root system in substrate grooves 11 and substrate, live simultaneously
The height of dynamic plate is the 1/3～2/3 of the height of substrate grooves 11, it is ensured that change root or with changing substrate every time
Do not interfere with the normal growth of Hylocereus undatus, the most again can be for the nutrient of its offer abundance.
Fig. 1 only shows 1 walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10, it is to be understood that canopy indoor may also set up
There is multiple walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10, interval 1.4～1.6m between adjacent two walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10, adjacent two
Gap between walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10, it is simple to operator is movable, simultaneously facilitates the air stream that canopy is indoor
Dynamic.
Sidewall in multiple substrate grooves 11 coats lime water makes substrate grooves 11 white, exists simultaneously
Lay reflex film on soil, coating lime water and lay reflex film contribute to reflecting sunlight, strengthen
The photosynthesis of canopy indoor fruit Seedling, makes fruit Seedling growth more preferably.
S2, plantation step:
Many group fruit Seedling groups are planted along the length direction of walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10, often in the both sides of walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10
Multiple fruit Seedlings of group fruit Seedling group include multiple cross-pollination fruit Seedling 13 and multiple self-pollination fruit Seedling
14。
Specifically, often the quantity of multiple cross-pollinatioies fruit Seedling 13 of group fruit Seedling group can be with first
In group substrate grooves 11a, the quantity of multiple substrate grooves 11 is equal, it is also possible to unequal；In like manner,
Often the quantity of multiple self-pollinations fruit Seedling 14 of group fruit Seedling group can also be with second group of substrate grooves
In 11b, the quantity of multiple substrate grooves 11 is equal, it is also possible to unequal.
Preferably, often the quantity of multiple cross-pollinatioies fruit Seedling 13 of group fruit Seedling group is equal to first group
The quantity of multiple substrate grooves 11 in substrate grooves 11a, often multiple self-pollinations fruit of group fruit Seedling group
The quantity of Seedling 14 is equal to the quantity of multiple substrate grooves 11 in second group of substrate grooves 11b.
When plantation fruit Seedling, the length direction along walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10 is spaced 0.05～0.15m kind and plants many
In multiple fruit Seedlings of group fruit Seedling group one, it is ensured that the spacing between every fruit Seedling, makes air stream
Clear and coherent smooth, simultaneously facilitate the growth of fruit Seedling, it is not easy to situation about piling up occurs.
S3, growth shaping step:
Multiple cross-pollination corresponding growth of fruit Seedling 13 is made to cross the multiple of first group of substrate grooves 11a
Substrate grooves 11 interval band gap 12 to walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10 another through adjacent two substrate grooves 11
Side, makes multiple self-pollination corresponding growth of fruit Seedling 14 cross second group of substrate grooves 11b many
Individual substrate grooves 11 interval band gap 12 to the walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10 through adjacent two substrate grooves 11
Opposite side.
Specifically, in the side of walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10, multiple cross-pollinatioies fruit Seedling 13 and multiple flower certainly
Pollination fruit Seedling 14 is arranged in order, due to quantity and first group of base of multiple cross-pollinatioies fruit Seedling 13
The quantity of multiple substrate grooves 11 of matter groove 11a is identical, and the number of multiple self-pollination fruit Seedling 14
Measure identical with the quantity of multiple substrate grooves 11 of second group of substrate grooves 11b, so each fruit
The corresponding substrate grooves 11 of Seedling.When fruit Seedling grows up, and cross the substrate grooves 11 of its correspondence
Time, the head of artificial subduction fruit Seedling so that it is cross growth, and through adjacent two substrate grooves
The opposite side of interval band gap 12 to the walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10 of 11；In like manner, the opposite side of walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10
Also it is arranged in order to plant and is implanted with multiple cross-pollination fruit Seedling 13 and multiple self-pollination fruit Seedling 14, its
Grow in an identical manner, the corresponding same substrate of the fruit Seedling of the same position of walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10 both sides
Groove 11, then two fruit Seedlings of walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10 both sides can be in the substrate grooves 11 of its correspondence and its
Intersect between interval band gap 12 between the substrate grooves 11 of Fang Xianglin.
Fruit Seedling in the both sides of walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10 can grow aerial root, and aerial root extends to substrate grooves 11
Inside become absorbing root 15, absorb root 15 not only can nutrition in absorption base groove 11, for
Really Seedling provides more nutrient, can also play the effect of fixing fruit Seedling simultaneously, make the growth of fruit Seedling
More preferably.
S4, pollination step of blooming:
Control florescence, make cross-pollination fruit Seedling 13 and self-pollination fruit Seedling 14 open simultaneously,
And carry out Mechanical pollination.
Specifically, by light compensating lamp measure Controlling the flowering period, make cross-pollination fruit Seedling 13 and from
Flower pollination fruit Seedling 14 opened in three to four evenings simultaneously, the problem solving flowering asynchronism, machine
Tool pollination is to utilize the end face of walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10 to install machinery pollination machine structure to carry out pollinating, machinery
Pollination mechanism includes track and blower fan, and blower fan is connected with slide, the evening that Hylocereus undatus is bloomed
12 startup blower fans, make blower fan move in orbit, wind flower, the flower certainly on such upper strata
Pollination fruit Seedling 14 is awarded by hearsay powder, the pollen that the cross-pollination fruit Seedling 13 of lower floor is descended slowly and lightly by upper strata
Powder, has reached mechanical quick cross-pollination, has reduced workload, improve work efficiency.
Wherein light compensating lamp, owing to cross-pollination fruit Seedling 13 florescence is than the flower of self-pollination fruit Seedling 14
Phase to be grown 3～4 days, so there will be the situation of flowering asynchronism, by light compensating lamp cross-pollination fruit
Seedling 13, promotes it to shift to an earlier date 3～4 days and blooms, reach various kind and bloom simultaneously.
Further, after pollination step of blooming, shearing procedure is also included: work as cross-pollination
When really Seedling 13 and self-pollination fruit Seedling 14 grow multiple branch top and multiple alabastrum, prune multiple
Alabastrum makes it retain an alabastrum, and to ensure the commodity of fruit, the yield making fruit is bigger.
Seeing Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, a cross-pollination fruit Seedling 13 and self-pollination fruit Seedling 14 pass through
Interstital growth is sagging to the another side of walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10, and upper grown go out four branches and under
Hang down, i.e. stop nourishing and growing, enter reproductive growth.
It is a collection of batch of that Hylocereus undatus is bloomed, and is spaced about 10～15 days, and number of flowers is recuperated point by tree
Determining, the many alabastrums of nutrient are many, and the few alabastrum of nutrient is few, and therefore an a collection of flower of seedling only stays one
Alabastrum, sees Fig. 3, and first alabastrum 16 has multiple alabastrum, plucks unnecessary alabastrum, and one
The a collection of flower of seedling only retains an alabastrum；In like manner, after being spaced about 10～15 days, second batch flower
Flower bud 17 also has multiple alabastrum, plucks unnecessary alabastrum, only retains an alabastrum；Remain
Alabastrum for long fruit, now the nutrition of fruit is abundant, and fruit juice is many, sarcocarp is plentiful.
Hylocereus undatus has a kind of persistent ailment, rod method daughter bacteria corrode and occur, it may be said that be fatal
, destructive disease.Owing to this disease is to be propagated by birds, insecticide and wind and rain, facility
This risk has been evaded in cultivation, and facility cultivation shows its practicality in this respect.
Under the upgrowth situation that Hylocereus undatus is daily, owing to the bud of Hylocereus undatus is compound bud, work as temperature
When being more than 25 DEG C, the bud of Hylocereus undatus is bud, when temperature is less than 25 DEG C, Hylocereus undatus
Bud is leaf bud.When external environment temperature is less than 25 DEG C or is higher than 32 DEG C, by controlling canopy
Indoor temperature so that it is be maintained at 25～32 DEG C, holding humidity is 80%～99% simultaneously, with
Reach the effect of Zhou Nianchang fruit.In the ordinary course of things, keep the humidity of canopy indoor 80%～95%
Between, when fruit Seedling is in the flower forcing phase, the humidity of regulation canopy indoor is between 95%～99%.
Wherein to the fertilising of fruit Seedling and conventional prune, the measure such as deinsectization is removed the evil, for routine techniques,
Can refer to prior art apply fertilizer fruit Seedling accordingly and prune, rich water with organic fertilizer is
Main, enrich potassium, calcium, magnesium, to keep the quality of fruit, be conducive to fruit Seedling growth simultaneously.
Simultaneously in the embodiment of the present invention provide canopy room can reach Winter-Spring intelligent temperature control, control wet,
Fine day can utilize sunlight to heat, and overcast and rainy utilizes light compensating lamp to heat, the sunshade of autumn in summer, insect protected and
Taking shelter from rain, the growth for the fruit Seedling of Hylocereus undatus provides good growing environment.
The method using the embodiment of the present invention carries out the cultivation of multi items Hylocereus undatus, can make Hylocereus undatus
Reach high yield, stable yields and the Efficient Cultivation born fruit the whole year, it is achieved factorial praluction, improve soil
Utilization rate, realizes mechanization cross-pollination simultaneously, improves work efficiency.Compared to existing
For field production, the cultural method that the embodiment of the present invention provides can make the yield height of Hylocereus undatus
Going out field production 7～8 times, the yield of every mu is about 35～40kg, reaches the effect of stable yields and high yield
Really.
Embodiment one
See Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, first make walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10, wall skeleton is set in soil, and
At wall skeleton, 4 substrate grooves 11 and 4 interval band gap 12, substrate are vertically set
Groove 11 and interval band gap 12 are arranged alternately, and first interval band gap 12 is arranged near soil,
The height of each substrate grooves 11 is 0.9m, and the height of interval band gap 12 is 0.3m, substrate
The wall limit brick of groove 11 is built into, and wherein the sidewall of substrate grooves 11 is provided with portable plate, movable
The height of plate is 0.3m, it is simple to change root system and substrate.Substrate grooves 11 and interval band gap 12
Form walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10；Multiple walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10 is set in canopy indoor, between each walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10 between
Every 1.6m, and on the sidewall of substrate grooves 11, coat lime water, and lay anti-on soil
Light film.In 4 substrate grooves 11 from soil 1-2 upwards be first group of substrate grooves 11a,
3-4 is second group of substrate grooves 11b.
After walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10 completes, then plant, in the both sides of walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10 along planting
Planting length direction plantation many groups fruit Seedling group of wall 10, often the fruit Seedling quantity of group fruit Seedling group is 6,
6 fruit Seedlings are arranged in order, and certainly spend including 4 different colored cross-pollination fruit Seedlings 13 and 2
Pollination fruit Seedling 14, is spaced 0.05m between each fruit Seedling, and its arrangement is first cross-pollination
Really 132, first self-pollination fruit Seedling 141 of 131, second cross-pollination of Seedling fruit Seedling, the
Two self-pollination fruit Seedlings 142, the 3rd cross-pollination fruit Seedling 133 and the 4th cross-pollination
Really Seedling 134.
After really seed has been planted, carry out growing shaping step, make first cross-pollination fruit Seedling
131 corresponding first substrate grooves 111；Second cross-pollination corresponding second base of fruit Seedling 132
Matter groove 112；First self-pollination corresponding 3rd substrate grooves 113 of fruit Seedling 141；Second
Corresponding 4th substrate grooves 114 of self-pollination fruit Seedling 142；3rd cross-pollination fruit Seedling 133
Corresponding second substrate grooves 112；4th cross-pollination corresponding first substrate grooves of fruit Seedling 134
111.Different colored cross-pollination fruit Seedling 13 and the corresponding growth of self-pollination fruit Seedling 14 is made to cross it right
The substrate grooves 11 answered, and through interval band gap 12 to the walls with cultivations of flowers or grass of adjacent two substrate grooves 11
The opposite side of 10, the fruit Seedling president in the both sides of walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10 goes out aerial root, and aerial root extends to base
Become in matter groove 11 absorbing root 15, provide more nutrient for fruit Seedling.
Then carry out pollination step of blooming, control florescence by light compensating lamp, keep canopy indoor
Temperature is 32 DEG C, and keeps humidity 98%, makes cross-pollination fruit Seedling 13 and self-pollination
Really Seedling 14 opened in three to four evenings simultaneously, and the end face at walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10 arranges track simultaneously
With blower fan, blower fan and slide connect, start blower fan in the evening that Hylocereus undatus is bloomed, make wind
Machine moves in orbit, wind flower, and the self-pollination fruit Seedling 14 of 2 layers is by wind so above
Pollination, the pollen pollination that 4 cross-pollination fruit Seedlings 13 of lower floor 2 layers are descended slowly and lightly by upper strata, reach
Arrive mechanical quick cross-pollination, reduced workload, improve work efficiency.
It is cultivated by walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10 to use the Hylocereus undatus that cultivates of the present embodiment, it is achieved that work
Industry metaplasia is produced, and improves land utilization ratio, and the most often group fruit Seedling group includes cross-pollination fruit Seedling
13 and self-pollination fruit Seedling 14, and the growing height of self-pollination fruit Seedling 14 awards more than different flower
The growing height of steamed dumpling with pork, mushrooms and bamboo shoots Seedling 13, it is achieved that the cross-pollination of mechanization, reduces workload,
Improve throughput rate, the yield of the Hylocereus undatus every mu of cultivation is about 35～40kg, it is achieved that rich
Product, stable yields and the Efficient Cultivation born fruit the whole year.
Embodiment two
Refer to Fig. 2 and Fig. 5, first make walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10, wall skeleton is set in soil,
And six substrate grooves 11 and six interval band gap 12, base are vertically set at wall skeleton
Matter groove 11 and interval band gap 12 are arranged alternately, and first interval band gap 12 is arranged near soil,
The height of each substrate grooves 11 is 0.6m, and the height of interval band gap 12 is 0.2m, substrate
The wall limit brick of groove 11 is built into, and wherein the sidewall of substrate grooves 11 is provided with portable plate, movable
The height of plate is 0.3m, it is simple to changing root system and substrate, substrate grooves 11 and interval band gap 12
Form walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10；Multiple walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10 is set in canopy indoor, between each walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10 between
Every 1.6m, and on the sidewall of substrate grooves 11, coat lime water, and lay anti-on soil
Light film.In six substrate grooves 11, from soil, upwards one to four is first group of substrate grooves 11a,
5th and the 6th is second group of substrate grooves 11b.
After walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10 completes, then carry out the plantation of fruit Seedling, at the two of walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10
Many group fruit Seedling groups, the often fruit Seedling quantity of group fruit Seedling group are planted along the length direction of walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10 in side
Being 6,6 fruit Seedlings are arranged in order, and certainly spend including 4 cross-pollination fruit Seedlings and 2
Pollination fruit Seedling 14, is spaced 0.1m between each fruit Seedling.
After really seed has been planted, carry out growing shaping step, make 4 different colored cross-pollination fruit Seedlings
13 corresponding one to four substrate grooves 11 crossing first group of substrate grooves 11a that grow, i.e. first
Corresponding first substrate grooves 211 of cross-pollination fruit Seedling 131；Second cross-pollination fruit Seedling 132
Corresponding second substrate grooves 212；3rd cross-pollination corresponding 3rd substrate grooves of fruit Seedling 133
213；4th cross-pollination corresponding 4th substrate grooves 214 of fruit Seedling 134；Make in 2 from flower
The 5th and the 6th substrate grooves of second group of substrate grooves 11b is crossed in the corresponding growth of pollination fruit 14
11, i.e. first self-pollination corresponding 5th substrate grooves 215 of fruit Seedling 141；Second from flower
Corresponding 6th substrate grooves 216 of pollination fruit Seedling 142；Then different colored cross-pollination fruit Seedling 13 is made
The substrate grooves 11 crossing its correspondence is grown with self-pollination fruit Seedling 14 correspondence, and through adjacent two
The opposite side of interval band gap 12 to the walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10 of individual substrate grooves 11, at the two of walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10
The fruit Seedling president of side goes out aerial root, and aerial root becomes in extending to substrate grooves 11 absorbing root 15, for fruit
Seedling provides more nutrient.
Then carry out pollination step of blooming, control florescence by light compensating lamp, keep canopy indoor
Temperature is 25 DEG C, and keeps humidity 95%, makes cross-pollination fruit Seedling 13 and self-pollination
Really Seedling 14 opened in three to four evenings simultaneously, and the end face at walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10 arranges track simultaneously
With blower fan, blower fan and slide connect, start blower fan in the evening that Hylocereus undatus is bloomed, make wind
Machine moves in orbit, wind flower, and the self-pollination fruit Seedling 14 of 2 layers is by wind so above
Pollination, the pollen pollination that the cross-pollination fruit Seedling 13 that lower floor is 4 layers is descended slowly and lightly by upper strata, reach
Machinery quickly cross-pollination, reduces workload, improves work efficiency.
After pollination of blooming, it is also performed to shearing procedure: spend multiple cross-pollination fruit Seedling when different
13 and multiple self-pollination fruit Seedling 14 when growing multiple branch top and multiple alabastrum, prune multiple
Alabastrum is to retain an alabastrum, and to ensure the commodity of fruit, the yield making fruit is bigger.
It is cultivated by walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10 to use the Hylocereus undatus that cultivates of the present embodiment, it is achieved that work
Industry metaplasia is produced, and improves land utilization ratio, and the most often group fruit Seedling group includes cross-pollination fruit Seedling
13 and self-pollination fruit Seedling 14, and its growing height is different, it is achieved that the different flower of mechanization
Pollination, reduces workload, improves throughput rate, and the yield of the Hylocereus undatus every mu of cultivation is about
It is 35～40kg, it is achieved that high yield, stable yields and the Efficient Cultivation born fruit the whole year.
Embodiment three
Refer to Fig. 2 and Fig. 6, first make walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10, wall skeleton is set in soil,
And 7 substrate grooves 11 and 7 interval band gap 12, base are vertically set at wall skeleton
Matter groove 11 and interval band gap 12 are arranged alternately, and first interval band gap 12 is arranged near soil,
The height of each substrate grooves 11 is 0.3m, and the height of interval band gap 12 is 0.1m, substrate
The wall limit brick of groove 11 is built into, and wherein the sidewall of substrate grooves 11 is provided with portable plate, movable
The height of plate is 0.2m, and substrate grooves 11 and interval band gap 12 form walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10；In substrate
Lime water, and lay reflex film on soil is coated on the sidewall of groove 11.7 substrate grooves
In 11 from soil 1-4 upwards be first group of substrate grooves 11a, 5-7 is second group
Substrate grooves 11b.
After walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10 completes, then plant, in the both sides of walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10 along planting
Planting length direction plantation many groups fruit Seedling group of wall 10, often the fruit Seedling quantity of group fruit Seedling group is 7,
7 fruit Seedlings are arranged in order, including 4 cross-pollination fruit Seedlings and 3 self-pollination fruit Seedlings
14, be spaced 0.15m between each fruit Seedling, its arrangement be first cross-pollination fruit Seedling 131,
132, first self-pollination fruit Seedling 141, second of second cross-pollination fruit Seedling is awarded from flower
Steamed dumpling with pork, mushrooms and bamboo shoots Seedling 142, the 3rd self-pollination fruit Seedling 143, the 3rd cross-pollination fruit Seedling 133 and
4th cross-pollination fruit Seedling 134.
After really seed has been planted, carry out growing shaping step, make first cross-pollination fruit Seedling
131 corresponding first substrate grooves 311；Second cross-pollination corresponding 3rd base of fruit Seedling 132
Matter groove 313；First self-pollination corresponding 5th substrate grooves 315 of fruit Seedling 141；Second
Corresponding 7th substrate grooves 317 of self-pollination fruit Seedling 142；3rd self-pollination fruit Seedling 143
Corresponding 6th substrate grooves 316；3rd cross-pollination corresponding 4th substrate grooves of fruit Seedling 133
314；4th cross-pollination corresponding second substrate grooves 312 of fruit Seedling 134.Make different to spend different flower
The substrate grooves 11 of its correspondence is crossed in pollination fruit Seedling 13 and the corresponding growth of self-pollination fruit Seedling 14,
And the opposite side of interval band gap 12 to the walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10 through adjacent two substrate grooves 11,
The fruit Seedling president of the both sides of walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10 goes out aerial root, and aerial root becomes in extending to substrate grooves 11 inhaling
Receive root 15, provide more nutrient for fruit Seedling.
Then carry out pollination step of blooming, control florescence by light compensating lamp, keep canopy indoor
Temperature is 26 DEG C, and keeps humidity 99%, makes cross-pollination fruit Seedling 13 and self-pollination
Really Seedling 14 opened in three to four evenings simultaneously, and the end face at walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10 arranges track simultaneously
With blower fan, blower fan and slide connect, start blower fan in the evening that Hylocereus undatus is bloomed, make wind
Machine moves in orbit, wind flower, and the self-pollination fruit Seedling 14 of 3 layers is by wind so above
Pollination, the pollen pollination that 4 cross-pollination fruit Seedlings 13 of lower floor 4 layers are descended slowly and lightly by upper strata, reach
Arrive mechanical quick cross-pollination, reduced workload, improve work efficiency.
After pollination of blooming, it is also performed to shearing procedure: when multiple different colored cross-pollinatioies fruit Seedling
13 and multiple self-pollination fruit Seedling 14 when growing multiple branch top and multiple alabastrum, prune multiple
Alabastrum is to retain an alabastrum, and to ensure the commodity of fruit, the yield making fruit is bigger.
It is cultivated by walls with cultivations of flowers or grass 10 to use the Hylocereus undatus that cultivates of the present embodiment, it is achieved that work
Industry metaplasia is produced, and improves land utilization ratio, and the most often group fruit Seedling group includes cross-pollination fruit Seedling
13 and self-pollination fruit Seedling 14, and its growing height is different, it is achieved that the different flower of mechanization
Pollination, reduces workload, improves throughput rate, and the yield of the Hylocereus undatus every mu of cultivation is about
It is 35～40kg, it is achieved that high yield, stable yields and the Efficient Cultivation born fruit the whole year.
Embodiments described above is a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole enforcement
Example.The detailed description of embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the model of claimed invention
Enclose, but be merely representative of the selected embodiment of the present invention.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, this
It is every other that field those of ordinary skill is obtained under not making creative work premise
Embodiment, broadly falls into the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. the cultural method of a Hylocereus undatus, it is characterised in that comprising:
Walls with cultivations of flowers or grass making step: wall skeleton is set in soil, and at described wall skeleton along perpendicular
Nogata is to arranging multiple substrate grooves and multiple intervals band gap to form described walls with cultivations of flowers or grass, multiple described
Substrate grooves and multiple described intervals band gap are arranged alternately, and multiple described substrate grooves are divided into first group of base
Matter groove and be positioned at second group of substrate grooves above described first group of substrate grooves；
Plantation step: the length direction along described walls with cultivations of flowers or grass is planted many in the both sides of described walls with cultivations of flowers or grass
Group fruit Seedling group, often organizes multiple fruit Seedlings of described fruit Seedling group and includes multiple cross-pollination fruit Seedling and multiple
Self-pollination fruit Seedling；
Growth shaping step: make multiple described cross-pollination fruit Seedling correspondence growth cross described first
Organize the multiple described substrate grooves of substrate grooves and pass the described interval of adjacent two described substrate grooves
Band gap, to the opposite side of described walls with cultivations of flowers or grass, makes multiple described self-pollination fruit Seedling correspondence growth cross
The multiple described substrate grooves of described second group of substrate grooves through adjacent two described substrate grooves
The opposite side of described interval band gap extremely described walls with cultivations of flowers or grass；
Bloom pollination step: control florescence, make described cross-pollination fruit Seedling and described award from flower
Steamed dumpling with pork, mushrooms and bamboo shoots Seedling opens simultaneously, and carries out Mechanical pollination.
The cultural method of Hylocereus undatus the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
After described pollination step of blooming, also include shearing procedure: when multiple described cross-pollinatioies fruit Seedling
When growing multiple branch top and multiple alabastrum with multiple described self-pollinations fruit Seedling, prune multiple institute
State alabastrum to retain a described alabastrum.
The cultural method of Hylocereus undatus the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In described plantation step, often organize the quantity of the multiple described cross-pollination fruit Seedling of described fruit Seedling group
Equal to the quantity of multiple described substrate grooves in described first group of substrate grooves, often organize described fruit Seedling group
The quantity of multiple described self-pollinations fruit Seedling is equal to multiple described bases in described second group of substrate grooves
The quantity of matter groove.
The cultural method of Hylocereus undatus the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In described plantation step, along the described length direction of described walls with cultivations of flowers or grass at interval of 0.05～0.15m
In the plantation multiple described fruit Seedling organizing described fruit Seedling group one more.
The cultural method of Hylocereus undatus the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In described growth shaping step, each described fruit Seedling grows aerial root, and described aerial root extends to
Become in described substrate grooves absorbing root.
The cultural method of Hylocereus undatus the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described Mechanical pollination utilizes the end face installation machinery pollination machine structure of described walls with cultivations of flowers or grass to carry out, described machine
Tool pollination mechanism include that track and blower fan, described blower fan are connected with described slide.
The cultural method of Hylocereus undatus the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In described walls with cultivations of flowers or grass making step, the height of described substrate grooves is 0.3～0.9m, described interval
The height of band gap is 0.1～0.3m.
The cultural method of Hylocereus undatus the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that
In described walls with cultivations of flowers or grass making step, the sidewall of described substrate grooves is provided with portable plate, described work
Dynamic plate is flexibly connected with the sidewall of described substrate grooves, and the height of described portable plate is described substrate grooves
Height 1/3～2/3.
The cultural method of Hylocereus undatus the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In described walls with cultivations of flowers or grass making step, coat lime water in the side of described substrate grooves, described
Soil lay reflex film.
The cultural method of Hylocereus undatus the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
It is indoor that described walls with cultivations of flowers or grass is positioned at canopy, and the temperature of described canopy indoor is 25～32 DEG C；Humidity is
80%～99%.
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| CN105850680B (en) | 2019-03-15 |
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