CN105850256A - Rotary tillage and wide seedling strip lower fertilization combined seeding machine for wheat - Google Patents
Rotary tillage and wide seedling strip lower fertilization combined seeding machine for wheat Download PDFInfo
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- CN105850256A CN105850256A CN201610263161.9A CN201610263161A CN105850256A CN 105850256 A CN105850256 A CN 105850256A CN 201610263161 A CN201610263161 A CN 201610263161A CN 105850256 A CN105850256 A CN 105850256A
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- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 241000721671 Ludwigia Species 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015816 nutrient absorption Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
- A01B49/06—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
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- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种小麦旋耕宽苗带下位施肥播种机，能够一次性完成土地旋耕，宽苗带下位施肥，宽苗带精密播种以及覆土、镇压等作业。一种小麦旋耕宽苗带下位施肥播种机，包括与拖拉机连接的旋耕机，旋耕机后部连接有施肥播种机，施肥播种机包括播种机架、施肥机构和播种机构，施肥机构包括一个以上肥料箱，肥料箱并排设置在播种机架上方，在肥料箱内设置有排肥器，排肥器出口下方设置带有平土器的开沟器，播种机构包括种箱梁和一个以上种箱，种箱梁通过平行四边形机构与播种机架连接，种箱设置种箱梁上，种箱底部设置有排种器，播种机架后部设置有地轮，地轮通过传动机构分别与排肥器和排种器的动力输入端连接。
The invention provides a wheat rotary tillage and wide seedling belt lower fertilization seeder, which can complete land rotary tillage, wide seedling belt lower fertilization, wide seedling belt precision sowing, soil covering and suppression at one time. A kind of wheat rotary tillage wide seedling belt bottom fertilization seeder, comprising a rotary tiller connected with a tractor, the rear of the rotary tiller is connected with a fertilization seeder, the fertilization seeder includes a sowing frame, a fertilization mechanism and a seeding mechanism, and the fertilization mechanism includes More than one fertilizer box, the fertilizer boxes are arranged side by side above the sowing frame, a fertilizer discharger is arranged in the fertilizer box, and a ditch opener with a soil grader is arranged below the outlet of the fertilizer discharger. The sowing mechanism includes a seed box beam and more than one seed The seed box beam is connected with the seeding frame through a parallelogram mechanism, the seed box is set on the seed box beam, the bottom of the seed box is equipped with a seed meter, and the rear of the seeding frame is equipped with a ground wheel, which is respectively connected to the row through the transmission mechanism. The power input end of the fertilizer device and the seed meter is connected.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种施肥播种机，具体涉及一种小麦旋耕宽苗带下位施肥播种机，以拖拉机为动力，能够一次性完成土地旋耕、宽苗带下位施肥、宽苗带小麦精密播种、覆土、镇压等作业，属于农业机械领域。 The invention relates to a fertilizing seeder, in particular to a wheat rotary tillage and wide seedling belt lower fertilization seeder, which is powered by a tractor and can complete land rotary tillage, wide seedling belt lower fertilization, wide seedling belt wheat precision sowing, Covering soil, suppressing and other operations belong to the field of agricultural machinery.
背景技术 Background technique
旋耕能够使土壤松碎，有利于播种时的开沟覆土作业，有利于种子的发芽和幼苗生长，能为苗全、苗壮及植株良好生长创造条件。 Rotary tillage can make the soil loose and broken, which is beneficial to the ditching and soil covering operation during sowing, which is beneficial to the germination of seeds and the growth of seedlings, and can create conditions for full and strong seedlings and good growth of plants.
优良的群体结构，有利于小麦群体冠层内通风透光，使个体生长发育健壮，促进小麦产量的提高。小麦传统生产中以条播为主，种距不均匀，播种量较大，不利于形成高产。小麦宽苗带精密播种能够使种子在田间均匀分布，形成优良的种群结构，每个植株都能够获得足够的营养面积和空间，最大限度的汲取水肥，有效进行分蘖，提高小麦的成穗数量，穗大、粒足，起到增产、增收的效果，同时减少播种量，降低作业成本。 Excellent population structure is conducive to ventilation and light transmission in the canopy of wheat populations, making individual growth and development robust, and promoting the increase of wheat yield. Drill sowing is the main method in traditional wheat production, with uneven seed spacing and large seeding volume, which is not conducive to high yield. Wheat wide seedling belt precision sowing can make the seeds evenly distributed in the field, forming an excellent population structure, each plant can obtain enough nutrient area and space, absorb water and fertilizer to the maximum, effectively carry out tillering, and increase the number of ears of wheat, Large ears and full grains can increase production and income, reduce the amount of sowing and reduce operating costs.
种肥分施能够减少肥料对种子的伤害，苗期促进作物生长，有利于增产增收。宽苗带播种时，苗带内下位施肥相比于侧位施肥，可避免小麦幼苗养分吸收不均、长势差别大、弱苗产量低等缺点，更有利于苗带上的种子均匀一致地吸收养分，有利于稳产增产。 The separate application of seed fertilizer can reduce the damage of fertilizer to seeds, promote the growth of crops at the seedling stage, and help increase production and income. When sowing in a wide seedling belt, compared with side fertilization, lower fertilization in the seedling belt can avoid the disadvantages of uneven nutrient absorption of wheat seedlings, large growth differences, and low yield of weak seedlings, and is more conducive to uniform absorption of seeds on the seedling belt. Nutrients are conducive to stable and increased production.
目前，能够一次性完成旋耕整地、宽苗带下位施肥、宽苗带精密播种的机器还未见有所报道。 At present, there are no reports of machines capable of one-time rotary tillage, lower fertilization with wide seedling belts, and precision planting with wide seedling belts.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
为了解决小麦播种过程中存在的条播播种不均，播种量大，以及宽苗带播种时下位施肥的问题，本发明提供一种小麦旋耕宽苗带下位施肥播种机，能够一次性完成土地旋耕，宽苗带下位施肥，宽苗带精密播种以及覆土、镇压等作业，能够避免幼苗长势不均，并且有效地提高播种质量，促进小麦更好地生长，起到增产增收的效果。 In order to solve the problems of uneven row sowing, large seeding rate, and lower fertilization during wide seedling belt sowing in the wheat sowing process, the present invention provides a wheat rotary tillage wide seedling belt lower fertilization seeder, which can complete land rotation at one time. Plowing, wide seedling belt lower fertilization, wide seedling belt precision sowing, soil covering, suppression and other operations can avoid uneven growth of seedlings, effectively improve the quality of sowing, promote better growth of wheat, and increase production and income.
本发明采用以下技术方案： The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
一种小麦旋耕宽苗带下位施肥播种机，包括通过悬挂架与拖拉机连接的旋耕机，其特征在于：旋耕机后部连接有施肥播种机，施肥播种机包括播种机架、施肥机构和播种机构，施肥机构和播种机构设置在播种机架上，施肥机构包括一个以上肥料箱，肥料箱并排设置在播种机架上方，在肥料箱内设置有排肥器，排肥器出口下方设置带有平土器的开沟器，播种机构包括种箱梁和一个以上种箱，种箱梁通过平行四边形机构与播种机架连接，种箱设置种箱梁上，种箱底部设置有排种器，播种机架后部设置有地轮，地轮通过传动机构分别与排肥器和排种器的动力输入端连接。 A wheat rotary cultivator wide seedling belt lower fertilization seeder, including a rotary cultivator connected with a tractor through a suspension frame, characterized in that a fertilization seeder is connected to the rear of the rotary cultivator, and the fertilization seeder includes a seeding frame and a fertilization mechanism and the sowing mechanism, the fertilizing mechanism and the sowing mechanism are arranged on the sowing frame, the fertilizing mechanism includes more than one fertilizer box, the fertilizer boxes are arranged side by side above the sowing frame, a fertilizer discharger is arranged in the fertilizer box, and a fertilizer discharger is arranged below the outlet A ditch opener with a leveler, the seeding mechanism includes a seed box beam and more than one seed box, the seed box beam is connected to the sowing frame through a parallelogram mechanism, the seed box is set on the seed box beam, and a seed meter is installed at the bottom of the seed box The ground wheel is arranged at the rear of the seeding frame, and the ground wheel is respectively connected with the power input ends of the fertilizer discharger and the seed metering device through a transmission mechanism.
上述小麦旋耕宽苗带下位施肥播种机，开沟器包括支腿、铧尖曲面板、挡肥板、分肥板、侧挡板、后挡板和上盖板；支腿具有肥料排出通道；铧尖曲面板位于支腿前方；挡肥板位于支腿斜下方；分肥板设置在挡肥板上，且位于肥料排出通道下方；侧挡板位于铧尖曲面板后方，且位于支腿左右两侧；后挡板位于支腿后方；上盖板与铧尖曲面板、侧挡板及后挡板连接为一体，形成一个只有底部开口，其他面封闭的空腔，支腿下部伸入空腔内。 The above-mentioned wheat rotary tillage wide seedling belt lower fertilization seeder, the ditch opener includes outriggers, share point curved panels, fertilizer retaining plates, fertilizer distribution plates, side baffles, rear baffles and upper cover plates; the outriggers have fertilizer discharge channels The curved panel of the share tip is located in front of the outrigger; the fertilizer baffle is located obliquely below the outrigger; the fertilizer distribution plate is set on the fertilizer baffle and below the fertilizer discharge channel; the side baffle is located behind the curved panel of the share tip and located in the outrigger The left and right sides; the rear baffle is located behind the outrigger; the upper cover is connected with the pointed curved panel, the side baffle and the rear baffle as a whole, forming a cavity with only the bottom opening and other surfaces closed, and the lower part of the outrigger extends into inside the cavity.
上述小麦旋耕宽苗带下位施肥播种机，平土器包括与开沟器连接的压土板和位于压土板两侧的刮土板，压土板为折弯结构，压土板截面包括竖直面、向后倾斜的倾斜面和与倾斜面衔接的水平面，压土板两侧为向前折弯的搂土面，压土板与连接板一端连接，连接板另一端与带有多个螺栓连接孔的肥深调节板连接，肥深调节板位于支腿左右两侧。 The above-mentioned wheat rotary tillage wide seedling belt lower fertilization seeder, the soil leveler includes a soil pressing board connected with the ditch opener and scraping boards located on both sides of the soil pressing board, the soil pressing board is a bent structure, and the section of the soil pressing board includes a vertical Straight face, backward inclined inclined surface and horizontal plane connected with the inclined surface, both sides of the soil pressing board are forward bent soil hugging surfaces, the soil pressing board is connected with one end of the connecting plate, and the other end of the connecting plate is connected with multiple The fat depth adjustment plate of the bolt connection hole is connected, and the fat depth adjustment plate is located on the left and right sides of the outrigger.
上述小麦旋耕宽苗带下位施肥播种机，其还包括安装在播种机架后部的覆土器总成，覆土器总成包括两块翼板、外立柱和内立柱，外立柱套装在内立柱上并由调节螺栓连接呈可升降式结构，两块翼板设置在内立柱下端。 The above-mentioned wheat rotary tillage wide seedling belt lower fertilization seeder also includes a cover device assembly installed at the rear of the sowing frame. It is connected by adjusting bolts to form a liftable structure, and two wing plates are set at the lower end of the inner column.
上述小麦旋耕宽苗带下位施肥播种机，其还包括镇压轮总成，镇压轮总成包括镇压轮、斜连接杆、尾板和调整弹簧，镇压轮位于播种机架斜后方，斜连接杆一端与镇压轮轮轴相连，斜连接杆另一端与播种机架后端连接，斜连接杆上设有滑套，尾板位于播种机架后端部，调整弹簧两端分别连接滑套和尾板。 The above-mentioned wheat rotary tillage wide seedling belt lower fertilization seeder also includes a pressing wheel assembly. The pressing wheel assembly includes a pressing wheel, an inclined connecting rod, a tail plate and an adjustment spring. The pressing wheel is located at the oblique rear of the planting frame, and the inclined connecting rod One end is connected to the wheel shaft of the pressing wheel, the other end of the inclined connecting rod is connected to the rear end of the seeding frame, a sliding sleeve is provided on the inclined connecting rod, the tail plate is located at the rear end of the seeding frame, and the two ends of the adjustment spring are respectively connected to the sliding sleeve and the tail plate .
上述小麦旋耕宽苗带下位施肥播种机，播种机架为框架式结构，包括两条横梁和两条纵梁，横梁和纵梁之间为刚性连接。 The above-mentioned wheat rotary tillage wide seedling belt lower fertilization seeder, the seeding frame is a frame structure, including two beams and two longitudinal beams, the beams and longitudinal beams are rigidly connected.
上述小麦旋耕宽苗带下位施肥播种机，其还包括有至少两个中间连接组件，中间连接组件包括两个连接板和两个安装座，两个安装座分别经U形螺栓连接旋耕机后端及播种机架前端，连接板两端均经螺栓螺母连接安装座。 The above-mentioned wheat rotary tillage wide seedling belt lower fertilization seeder also includes at least two intermediate connecting components, the intermediate connecting components include two connecting plates and two mounting seats, and the two mounting seats are respectively connected to the rotary tiller through U-shaped bolts. The rear end and the front end of the seeding frame, and the two ends of the connecting plate are connected to the mounting seat through bolts and nuts.
上述小麦旋耕宽苗带下位施肥播种机，悬挂架固定于播种机架的横梁上。 The above-mentioned wide seedlings of wheat rotary tillage is equipped with a lower fertilizing seeder, and the suspension frame is fixed on the crossbeam of the sowing frame.
上述小麦旋耕宽苗带下位施肥播种机，肥料箱固定在播种机架前边的横梁上方，排肥器安装在肥料箱下部，各个排种器之间由一根通轴连接。 The above-mentioned wheat rotary tillage wide seedling belt lower fertilization seeder, the fertilizer box is fixed above the beam in front of the sowing frame, the fertilizer discharger is installed at the lower part of the fertilizer box, and each seeder is connected by a through shaft.
上述小麦旋耕宽苗带下位施肥播种机，传动机构包括第一链轮、张紧链轮、二联链轮、第二链轮、第一链条和第二链条，第一链轮与排肥器动力输入端连接，张紧链轮与肥料箱连接，二联链轮与种箱连接，第二链轮与地轮轮轴连接，第一链条经第一链轮、张紧链轮和二联链轮呈环状布置，第二链条经二联链轮和第二链轮呈环状布置。 The above-mentioned wheat rotary tillage wide seedling belt lower fertilization seeder, the transmission mechanism includes the first sprocket, the tension sprocket, the double sprocket, the second sprocket, the first chain and the second chain, the first sprocket and the fertilizer discharge The power input end of the machine is connected, the tensioning sprocket is connected with the fertilizer box, the double sprocket is connected with the seed box, the second sprocket is connected with the ground wheel shaft, and the first chain passes through the first sprocket, the tensioning sprocket and the second sprocket. The sprocket is arranged in a ring shape, and the second chain is arranged in a ring shape through the double sprocket wheel and the second sprocket wheel.
本发明的有益效果是：能够一次性完成土地旋耕，宽苗带下位施肥，宽苗带精密播种以及覆土、镇压等作业，能够避免幼苗长势不均，并且有效地提高播种质量，促进小麦更好地生长，起到增产增收的效果。 The beneficial effect of the invention is that it can complete land rotary tillage at one time, lower fertilization with wide seedling belt, precision planting with wide seedling belt, soil covering, suppression and other operations, can avoid uneven growth of seedlings, effectively improve seeding quality, and promote wheat greener. Good growth, play the effect of increasing production and income.
附图说明 Description of drawings
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明： The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
图1是本发明的结构示意图； Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
图2是本发明的俯视图； Fig. 2 is a top view of the present invention;
图3中间连接组件结构示意图； Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intermediate connection assembly;
图4是本发明的施肥播种机结构示意图。 Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the fertilizing seeder of the present invention.
图5为开沟器与平土器结构示意图。 Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a ditch opener and a soil grader.
图中：1、悬挂架，2、旋耕机， 2-1、变速箱， 2-2、旋耕刀棍，3、中间连接组件， 3-1、U形螺栓， 3-2、连接板， 3-3、安装座，4、排肥器，5、播种机架， 5-1、纵梁，5-2、横梁， 6、平行四边形机构，7、种箱梁，8、宽苗带施肥开沟器，8-1、肥深调节板， 8-2、支腿， 8-3、螺栓连接孔，8-4、加强板，8-5、挡肥板， 8-6、分肥板， 8-7、侧挡板， 8-8、后挡板，8-9、连接板， 8-10、铧尖曲面板，上盖板8-11，9、平土器，10、宽苗带排种器，11、地轮，12、覆土器， 12-1、外立柱， 12-2、内立柱，12-3、翼板，13、镇压轮，14、镇压弹簧，15、链轮Ⅰ，16、种箱，17、二联链轮，18、张紧链轮，19、链轮Ⅱ，20、肥料箱 ， 21、尾板， 22、滑套，23、斜连接杆，24、第一链条， 25、第二链条。 In the figure: 1. Suspension frame, 2. Rotary tiller, 2-1. Gear box, 2-2. Rotary tiller stick, 3. Intermediate connection assembly, 3-1. U-shaped bolt, 3-2. Connecting plate , 3-3, mounting seat, 4, fertilizer discharger, 5, sowing frame, 5-1, longitudinal beam, 5-2, crossbeam, 6, parallelogram mechanism, 7, kind box beam, 8, wide seedling belt Fertilization opener, 8-1, fertilizer depth adjustment plate, 8-2, support leg, 8-3, bolt connection hole, 8-4, reinforcement plate, 8-5, fertilizer retaining plate, 8-6, fertilizer distribution plate, 8-7, side baffle, 8-8, rear baffle, 8-9, connecting plate, 8-10, the curved panel of the share point, the upper cover plate 8-11, 9, the leveling device, 10, the wide seedling belt seed metering device, 11, the ground wheel, 12, the soil covering device, 12-1, the outer column, 12-2, inner column, 12-3, wing plate, 13, suppression wheel, 14, suppression spring, 15, sprocket wheel I, 16, seed box, 17, double sprocket wheel, 18, tension sprocket wheel, 19 , sprocket wheel II, 20, fertilizer box, 21, tail plate, 22, sliding sleeve, 23, oblique connecting rod, 24, the first chain, 25, the second chain.
具体实施方式 detailed description
为使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下参照附图并举实施例，对本发明进一步详细说明。 In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
一种小麦旋耕宽苗带下位施肥播种机，包括悬挂架1、旋耕机2、至少两个中间连接组件3和施肥播种机，整机通过悬挂架1与拖拉机三点悬挂机构连接，悬挂架1与旋耕机2的连接，旋耕机2的动力由拖拉机动力输出轴提供，动力经变速箱2-1减速后驱动旋耕刀棍2-2旋转，旋耕机2后部通过中间连接组件3与施肥播种机连接。 A wheat rotary tillage wide seedling belt lower fertilization seeder, comprising a suspension frame 1, a rotary tiller 2, at least two intermediate connecting components 3 and a fertilization seeder, the whole machine is connected with a tractor three-point suspension mechanism through the suspension frame 1, and the suspension The connection between the frame 1 and the rotary tiller 2. The power of the rotary tiller 2 is provided by the power output shaft of the tractor. After the power is decelerated by the gearbox 2-1, the rotary tiller 2-2 is driven to rotate. The rear of the rotary tiller 2 passes through the middle The connecting assembly 3 is connected with the fertilizing seeder.
施肥播种机包括播种机架5、施肥机构和播种机构；播种机架5为框架式结构，包括两条横梁5-2和两条纵梁5-1，横梁5-2和纵梁5-1之间为刚性连接；施肥机构和播种机构设置在播种机架5上，施肥机构包括一个以上肥料箱20，肥料箱20并排设置在播种机架5上方，在肥料箱20内设置有排肥器4，排肥器4出口下方设置开沟器8, 开沟器8通过U型螺栓安装在播种机机架5上, 开沟器8上端与排肥器5出肥口相连通，开沟器8下部连接有平土器9；播种机构包括种箱梁7和一个以上种箱16，种箱梁7通过平行四边形机构6与播种机架5前部的横梁5-2连接，种箱16设置种箱梁7上，种箱16底部设置有排种器15，播种机架5后部设置有地轮11，地轮11通过传动机构分别与排肥器4和排种器15的动力输入端连接。 The fertilizing seeder includes a seeding frame 5, a fertilizing mechanism and a seeding mechanism; the seeding frame 5 is a frame structure, including two beams 5-2 and two longitudinal beams 5-1, and the beam 5-2 and the longitudinal beam 5-1 There is a rigid connection between them; the fertilizing mechanism and the seeding mechanism are arranged on the sowing frame 5, the fertilizing mechanism includes more than one fertilizer box 20, and the fertilizer boxes 20 are arranged side by side on the top of the sowing frame 5, and a fertilizer discharger is arranged in the fertilizer box 20 4. A ditch opener 8 is installed under the outlet of the fertilizer discharger 4, and the ditch opener 8 is installed on the seeder frame 5 through U-shaped bolts, and the upper end of the ditch opener 8 is connected with the fertilizer outlet of the fertilizer discharger 5. The 8 bottoms are connected with a leveler 9; the seeding mechanism includes a seed box beam 7 and more than one seed box 16, and the seed box beam 7 is connected with the crossbeam 5-2 at the front part of the seeding frame 5 by a parallelogram mechanism 6, and the seed box 16 is provided with a seed On the box beam 7, a seed metering device 15 is arranged at the bottom of the seed box 16, and a ground wheel 11 is arranged at the rear of the seeding frame 5, and the ground wheel 11 is respectively connected to the power input ends of the fertilizer discharger 4 and the seed metering device 15 through a transmission mechanism .
参考附图5开沟器8包括支腿8-2、铧尖曲面板8-10、挡肥板8-5、分肥板8-6、侧挡板8-7、后挡板8-8和上盖板8-11；支腿8-2具有肥料排出通道；铧尖曲面板8-10位于支腿8-2前方；挡肥板8-5位于支腿8-2斜下方；分肥板8-6设置在挡肥板8-5上，且位于肥料排出通道下方；侧挡板8-7位于铧尖曲面板8-10后方，且位于支腿8-2左右两侧；后挡板8-8位于支腿8-2后方；上盖板8-11与铧尖曲面板8-10、侧挡板8-7及后挡板8-8连接为一体，形成一个只有底部开口，其他面封闭的空腔，支腿8-2下部伸入空腔内。开沟器还包括有加强板8-4，加强板8-4与铧尖曲面板8-10、挡肥板8-5、支腿8-2和上盖板8-11焊接为一体。 With reference to accompanying drawing 5 ditch opener 8 comprises support leg 8-2, share tip curved panel 8-10, fertilizer retaining plate 8-5, fertilizer dividing plate 8-6, side baffle plate 8-7, rear baffle plate 8-8 and the upper cover plate 8-11; the supporting leg 8-2 has a fertilizer discharge channel; the pointed curved panel 8-10 is located in front of the supporting leg 8-2; the fertilizer retaining plate 8-5 is located obliquely below the supporting leg 8-2; The plate 8-6 is arranged on the fertilizer retaining plate 8-5, and is located below the fertilizer discharge channel; the side baffle plate 8-7 is located behind the curved panel 8-10 of the share point, and is located on the left and right sides of the support leg 8-2; the rear baffle Plate 8-8 is positioned at the rear of supporting leg 8-2; Upper cover plate 8-11 is connected with the curved panel 8-10 of the share point, side baffle plate 8-7 and rear baffle plate 8-8 as one, forming a bottom opening only, For other closed cavities, the lower part of the supporting leg 8-2 stretches into the cavity. Ditch opener also includes reinforcing plate 8-4, and reinforcing plate 8-4 is welded as a whole with share point curved panel 8-10, fertilizer retaining plate 8-5, supporting leg 8-2 and upper cover plate 8-11.
参考附图5平土器9包括与开沟器8连接的压土板和位于压土板两侧的刮土板9-1，压土板为折弯结构，压土板截面包括竖直面9-4、向后倾斜的倾斜面9-2和与倾斜面9-2衔接的水平面9-3，压土板两侧为向前折弯的搂土面，压土板9-1与连接板8-9一端连接，连接板8-9另一端与带有多个螺栓连接孔8-3的肥深调节板8-1连接，肥深调节板8-1位于支腿8-2左右两侧。采用此结构可通过改变螺栓的安装位置控制平土器9的高度，从而控制肥料的覆土深度，在通过宽苗带施肥开沟器8完成施肥后，平土器9将肥料沟两侧的土壤聚拢到肥沟内，其宽度足够保证聚拢的土壤将肥料沟填平，并将聚拢回填的土壤抹平，形成平整且宽度一致的小麦宽苗带播种种床。 With reference to accompanying drawing 5 soil leveler 9 comprises the soil-pressing plate that is connected with ditch opener 8 and is positioned at the scraping plate 9-1 of both sides of soil-pressing plate, and soil-pressing plate is bending structure, and the section of soil-pressing plate comprises vertical surface 9 -4. The inclined surface 9-2 inclined backward and the horizontal surface 9-3 connected with the inclined surface 9-2, the soil pressing plate on both sides are forward bending soil hugging surfaces, the soil pressing plate 9-1 and the connecting plate 8-9 is connected at one end, and the other end of the connecting plate 8-9 is connected with the fat depth adjustment plate 8-1 with multiple bolt connection holes 8-3, and the fat depth adjustment plate 8-1 is located on the left and right sides of the support leg 8-2 . With this structure, the height of the soil grader 9 can be controlled by changing the installation position of the bolt, thereby controlling the soil covering depth of the fertilizer. After fertilization is completed by the wide seedling belt fertilization ditch opener 8, the soil grader 9 gathers the soil on both sides of the fertilizer ditch to In the fertilizer ditch, the width is sufficient to ensure that the gathered soil will fill up the fertilizer ditch, and the gathered and backfilled soil will be smoothed to form a wide seedbed for sowing wheat seedlings with a flat and uniform width.
本实施例中还包括安装在播种机架5后部横梁5-2上的覆土器总成，覆土器总成包括两块翼板12-3、外立柱12-1和内立柱12-2，外立柱12-1套装在内立柱12-2上并由调节螺栓连接呈可升降式结构，两块翼板12-3设置在内立柱12-2下端，且两块翼板12-3之间呈一定夹角，能够在施肥播种机行进过程中将行间土壤翻起并推开，推至播种苗带上覆盖种子；覆土器总成底部前低后高，可将行间的土壤推至苗带中部上方，同时避免翼板12-3覆土过程中搅动苗带上的种子，并保证覆土器具有足够良好的入土性能。 The present embodiment also includes a cover assembly installed on the crossbeam 5-2 at the rear of the planter frame 5. The cover assembly includes two wing plates 12-3, an outer column 12-1 and an inner column 12-2. The outer column 12-1 is set on the inner column 12-2 and is connected by adjusting bolts to form a liftable structure. The two wing plates 12-3 are arranged at the lower end of the inner column 12-2, and between the two wing plates 12-3 It has a certain included angle, which can turn up and push the soil between the rows when the fertilizing seeder is moving, and push it to the seedling belt to cover the seeds; the bottom of the cover device assembly is low at the front and high at the back, and can push the soil between the rows to Above the middle part of the seedling belt, avoid stirring the seeds on the seedling belt during the covering process of the wing plate 12-3 simultaneously, and ensure that the soil covering device has good enough soil penetration performance.
本实施例中还包括镇压轮总成，镇压轮总成包括镇压轮 13、斜连接杆23、尾板21和调整弹簧14，镇压轮 13位于播种机架5斜后方，斜连接杆23一端与镇压轮 13轮轴相连，斜连接杆23另一端与播种机架5后端连接，斜连接杆23上设有滑套22，尾板21位于播种机架5后端部，调整弹簧14两端分别连接滑套和尾板。采用上述结构通过镇压作业，将种子上部覆盖的土壤压实，形成上实下松的土壤环境，有利于出苗。调整弹簧14可增加镇压轮13的对地压力，提高镇压效果，镇压轮13宽度大于播种秒带的宽度。 The present embodiment also includes a suppressing wheel assembly, and the suppressing wheel assembly includes a suppressing wheel 13, an oblique connecting rod 23, a tail plate 21 and an adjustment spring 14, and the suppressing wheel 13 is located at the oblique rear of the sowing frame 5, one end of the oblique connecting rod 23 is connected with the wheel shaft of the pressing wheel 13, the other end of the oblique connecting rod 23 is connected with the rear end of the sowing frame 5, and the oblique connecting rod 23 is provided with a sliding sleeve 22 and a tail plate 21 Located at the rear end of the seeding frame 5, the two ends of the adjustment spring 14 are respectively connected to the sliding sleeve and the tail plate. The above-mentioned structure is used to compact the soil covered by the upper part of the seeds through the suppression operation to form a soil environment that is firm at the top and loose at the bottom, which is conducive to seedling emergence. Adjusting spring 14 can increase the ground pressure of suppressing wheel 13, improves suppressing effect, and suppressing wheel 13 widths are greater than the width of sowing second belt.
本实施例中还包括有至少两个中间连接组件3，中间连接组件包括两个连接板3-2和两个安装座3-3，两个安装座3-3分别经U形螺栓3-1连接旋耕机2后端及播种机架5前端，连接板3-2两端均经螺栓螺母3-4连接安装座3-3。 This embodiment also includes at least two intermediate connection assemblies 3, the intermediate connection assembly includes two connection plates 3-2 and two mounting bases 3-3, and the two mounting bases 3-3 are respectively connected by U-shaped bolts 3-1. Connect the rear end of the rotary cultivator 2 and the front end of the seeding frame 5, and connect the mounting base 3-3 through the bolt nut 3-4 at both ends of the connecting plate 3-2.
本实施例中悬挂架1固定于播种机架5的横梁5-2上。 Suspension frame 1 is fixed on the beam 5-2 of sowing frame 5 in the present embodiment.
本实施例中肥料箱20固定在播种机架5前边的横梁5-2上方，排肥器4安装在肥料箱20下部，各个排种器15之间由一根通轴连接。 In the present embodiment, the fertilizer box 20 is fixed on the top of the beam 5-2 on the front side of the planter frame 5, and the fertilizer discharger 4 is installed on the bottom of the fertilizer box 20, and each seed metering device 15 is connected by a through shaft.
本实施例中传动机构包括第一链轮19、张紧链轮18、二联链轮17、第二链轮15、第一链条24和第二链条25，第一链轮19与排肥器动力输入端连接，张紧链轮18与肥料箱20连接，二联链轮17与种箱16连接，第二链轮15与地轮11轮轴连接，第一链条24经第一链轮19、张紧链轮18和二联链轮17呈环状布置，第二链条25经二联链轮17和第二链轮15呈环状布置。 In the present embodiment, the transmission mechanism includes a first sprocket 19, a tensioning sprocket 18, a double sprocket 17, a second sprocket 15, a first chain 24 and a second chain 25, and the first sprocket 19 and the fertilizer discharger The power input end is connected, the tension sprocket 18 is connected with the fertilizer box 20, the double sprocket 17 is connected with the seed box 16, the second sprocket 15 is connected with the ground wheel 11 axles, and the first chain 24 is through the first sprocket 19, The tensioning sprocket 18 and the double sprocket 17 are arranged in an annular shape, and the second chain 25 is arranged in an annular shape through the double sprocket 17 and the second sprocket 15 .
本发明能够一次性完成旋耕，宽苗带下位施肥，宽苗带播种、覆土和镇压，提高作业效率。苗床松软，有利于种子的发芽，播种量小，播种、施肥均匀，能够促进小麦幼苗生长，避免施肥不均造成的幼苗长势不均，能起到增产增收的效果。 The invention can complete rotary tillage at one time, lower fertilization with wide seedling belt, sowing, soil covering and suppression with wide seedling belt, so as to improve operation efficiency. The seedbed is soft, which is conducive to the germination of seeds. The sowing amount is small, and the sowing and fertilization are uniform, which can promote the growth of wheat seedlings, avoid uneven seedling growth caused by uneven fertilization, and increase production and income.
上述具体实施方式仅是本发明的具体个案，并非是对本发明作其它形式的限制，任何熟悉本专业的技术人员可能利用上述揭示的技术内容加以变更或改型为等同变化的等效实施方式。但是凡是未脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施方式所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与改型，皆应落入本发明的专利保护范围。 The above-mentioned specific embodiments are only specific cases of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in other forms. Any skilled person who is familiar with this field may use the technical content disclosed above to change or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes. However, under the premise of not departing from the technical principle of the present invention, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.
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