CN105848855B - 用于将覆层施加到工件上的方法和用于对工件覆层的设备 - Google Patents

用于将覆层施加到工件上的方法和用于对工件覆层的设备 Download PDF

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CN105848855B
CN105848855B CN201480061075.9A CN201480061075A CN105848855B CN 105848855 B CN105848855 B CN 105848855B CN 201480061075 A CN201480061075 A CN 201480061075A CN 105848855 B CN105848855 B CN 105848855B
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约翰内斯·施密德
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Abstract

本发明提供一种用于将覆层施加到工件上的方法,所述覆层优选至少部分地由塑料构成,所述工件优选至少部分地由木料、木制复合材料、塑料等构成,其中在连接区域中激活或融化覆层并且将覆层通过连接区域与工件连接,其中为了激活或融化,用优选由发光二极管装置发射的不相干的辐射、尤其红外辐射照射连接区域。此外,根据本发明提出一种用于以这种方式对工件覆层的装置。

Description

用于将覆层施加到工件上的方法和用于对工件覆层的设备
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于将覆层施加到工件上的方法,所述覆层优选至少部分地由塑料构成,所述工件优选至少部分地由木料、木制复合材料(Holzwerkstoff)、塑料等构成,其中至少在连接区域中激活覆层并且将覆层在该区域中与工件连接。此外,根据本发明提出一种用于以这种方式对工件覆层的设备。
背景技术
开头时提到的种类的设备和方法广泛地应用在工件的覆层中并且用于工件与覆层的连接。尤其,激光辐射用于激活,例如在EP 1 163 864B1中所描述。通过激光辐射能够将足够高的能量输入到连接区域中,由此激活所述连接区域。
然而,激光器的使用除了高成本以外带来激光器部件的相对高的位置需求和复杂的结构。
发明内容
基于所述背景,本发明的目的是以简单的结构和小的位置需求实现开头时所提到的类型的用于对工件覆层的方法和设备。
根据本发明,所述目的通过一种用于施加覆层的方法和一种用于对工件覆层的设备来实现。本发明的特别优选的改进方案在下文中给出。
据此,提出一种用于将覆层施加到工件上的方法,所述覆层优选至少部分地由塑料构成,所述工件优选至少部分地由木料、木制复合材料、塑料等构成,其中在方法中至少在连接区域中激活、尤其融化覆层并且将覆层通过连接区域与工件连接,其中为了激活尤其是融化,用优选由发光二极管装置发射的不相干的辐射、尤其红外辐射照射连接区域。
此外,根据本发明提出,用于借助至少一个覆层通过在连接区域中连接覆层和工件对工件覆层的设备具有容纳部和激活装置,所述工件优选至少部分地由木料、木制复合材料、塑料等构成,所述覆层优选至少部分地由塑料构成,其中容纳部用于容纳至少一个工件并且所述激活装置具有用于照射连接区域的发光二极管装置,以在连接区域中激活、尤其融化覆层,其中发光二极管装置用于发射辐射、尤其红外辐射并且设置为,使得用辐射照射连接区域。
通过使用不相干的辐射或由发光二极管装置发射的辐射,能够借助于简单的且节省位置的结构的机构激活连接区域,其中尤其通过使用发光二极管装置,通过单色的辐射可实现高的能量输入。
本发明基于的设想是,以减小的结构上的复杂性和位置需求实现工件的覆层,而不必考虑在覆层和工件之间的连接的质量方面的限制。尤其不需要由激光器产生的相干的辐射。以这种方式能够弃用激光设备的大量的耗费的需要结构空间的构件如射束引导机构、射束转向机构、射束聚焦机构等。
连接区域通常理解为在覆层和工件之间进行连接的区域。尤其连接区域也理解为,当在连接区域和工件之间还未进行连接时待连接的区域。尤其,连接在进行激活的区域中进行并且接着在覆层和工件之间例如通过压紧进行充分的机械连接。
激活理解为通过电磁辐射的能量输送或尤其理解为,通过电磁辐射在化学上改变在连接区域中的覆层。尤其,激活至少部段地造成在连接区域中的覆层的融化或覆层的液化。
覆层理解为应至少部段地施加到工件上的层。覆层本身能够由多个材料、部段和/或层构成,使得例如粘附剂层的仅一部分或可粘附的层被激活,粘附剂层或可粘附的层是覆层的一部分。优选地,覆层能够具有整体的或离散的粘附剂层,所述粘附剂层通过激活或能量输送而展示出粘附的特性。
优选地,使用在0.78至1000μm的波长范围中的基本上单色的电磁辐射,这对应于电磁辐射的光谱的红外的部分。
本发明的特别有利的改进方案在下文中给出,下面探讨所述改进方案。尤其,与本发明的方法相关的特征也涉及所要求保护的设备。同样,所要求保护的方法的特征在于也与本发明的设备相关。
尤其,激活装置或设备不具有共振器和/或光学放大器。这减小辐射源的尺寸并且实现其也位于连接区域附近的设置方式。发光二极管装置用于发射不相干的辐射并且设置为,使得用不相干的辐射照射连接区域。这应与由激光器产生辐射的设备相反地理解,所述激光器具有共振器和光学放大器且发射相干辐射。
优选地,直接照射覆层,使得在辐射源、尤其发光二极管装置和连接区域之间的光路在激活时是未被占据的,尤其不具有射束成形元件,更优选不具有透镜。同样地,在设备中,在发光二极管装置和连接区域之间的光路在激活时是未被占据的,尤其不具有射束成形元件,更尤其不具有透镜。通过连接区域的所述直接的照射,不必提供并且调整其他的元件,例如射束成形元件,这使结构附加地简化地且更紧凑地以及也成本更低地构造。
更优选地,由具有至少一个阵列并且优选多个阵列的发光二极管装置发射辐射,所述一个或多个阵列优选分别具有发光二极管芯片。相应地,设备优选具有发光二极管装置,其中设有至少一个阵列并且优选多个阵列,所述一个或多个阵列优选分别具有多个发光二极管芯片。
由于多个发光二极管芯片组合成阵列,所以提高了发光二极管装置的辐射功率,由此能够提高到连接区域上的能量输入。此外,连接区域能够面状地施加有辐射。
根据所述方法,能够根据连接区域的面积接通和切断阵列和/或芯片。同样,设备的阵列和/或芯片能根据连接区域的面积接通和关断。也就是说,能够分开地操纵阵列和/或芯片并且能够例如由操作员选择,应接通或关断哪个阵列和/或哪个芯片。当例如应激活大面积的连接区域时,接通多个或所有阵列和/或芯片。相反当仅应激活相对小的连接区域时,接通仅一小部分的阵列,可能仅一个阵列也是足够的。通过个体化地接通和切断阵列或芯片能够激活连接区域的分别期望的面积。
更优选的是,在激活连接区域时不相干的辐射的辐射源、尤其发光二极管装置以距连接区域2至20mm、优选5至15mm的间距设置和/或设置在工件和连接区域之间。同样,在设备中,发光二极管装置、尤其所述一个或多个阵列与连接区域在激活时彼此隔开2至20mm、更优选5至15mm和/或优选地,发光二极管装置、尤其所述一个或多个阵列在激活时设置在工件和连接区域之间。也就是说,发光二极管装置直接设置在接缝上。例如,不需要用于传导由在远距离设置的激光器中产生的、相干的光的附加的光导体。重新由此得到简单的、紧凑的且成本低的结构。
当不相干的辐射的辐射源或发光二极管装置为了激活而设置在工件和连接区域之间时,或当在不相干的辐射的辐射源或发光二极管装置与连接区域之间的间距在激活时为2和20mm或5至15mm之间时,能够以足够的强度进行能量输入,并且同时能够确保,给出各个部件之间的对于可操作性足够的间距。此外,可实现覆层的节省位置的执行方案或节省位置的用于对工件覆层的设备。
更优选地,在发光二极管装置上的总辐射面积、尤其所有阵列的辐射面积至少为3000mm2、优选至少为4000mm2。总辐射面积理解为造成辐射贡献的面积、即能够通过其发射辐射的面积。当辐射面积至少为3000、优选至少为4000、更优选至少为5000mm2时,能够激活和连接待激活的面积或大面积的连接区域。由此能够加快地进行覆层。
更优选地,一个发光二极管芯片的辐射功率至少为100W和/或一个阵列的辐射功率至少为2kW、优选为2.5kW。通过这种发光二极管能够进行到覆层上的足够大的能量输入。
能够借助于设备执行所述方法,其中容纳部构成为贯通式传送装置,使得在方法中将工件沿通过方向传送。替选地,方法也能够借助于称作所谓的固定式机械的设备执行,其中工件是固定的并且激活装置移动。也可考虑这两种设计方案的组合。
根据下面详尽的描述,本发明的其他特征和优点变得更清楚。
附图说明
图1示出根据本发明的用于对工件覆层的设备;
图2示出根据本发明的具有阵列和发光二极管芯片的发光二极管装置。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图详尽地描述本发明的一个优选的实施方式。
如在图1中的侧视图中示出,设备或覆层设备1通过连接构成为带状材料的覆层12和工件2在连接区域25中进行对工件2的覆层。连接区域25在激活时设置在压紧装置20上游,所述压紧装置通过将覆层12压紧到工件2上产生在工件2上的压紧区域22。通常,在事先被激活的区域完全地被压紧到工件上之后,压紧区域22与连接区域25相同。
在示出的连续的方法中,容纳部或传送装置4用于容纳和传送一个或多个工件2。在示出的实施方式中从左向右进行传送,如在图1中由箭头说明那样。
覆层12由通用的层和粘附剂层或可粘附的材料14构成,该材料通过不相干的辐射在连接区域25中被激活。在示出的实施方式中,覆层14或其一部分被融化。
覆层12在输送装置10中设置为呈卷形式的带状材料。覆层由输送装置10引出并且接着置于工件2的上表面2a和按压到其上的压紧装置之间。压紧装置20是压紧辊,所述压紧辊在工件2的表面2a上滚动并且以这种方式将覆层12压紧到工件2的表面2a上。
在输送装置10和压紧装置20之间设有激活装置或发光二极管装置30,所述激活装置或发光二极管装置设置为,使得电磁辐射、尤其红外辐射射到覆层的区域、即连接区域25上。覆层12或粘附剂14在该区域中被激活。
激活装置或发光二极管装置30设置在压紧装置的前面或上游。此外,发光二极管装置不具有共振器或光学放大器。因此,发光二极管装置将不相干的辐射发射到连接区域上。
从图1中可见,覆层12被直接照射,在辐射光源和连接区域25之间的光路S中“没有任何元件”被设置。既不设有透镜也不设有其他射束成形元件。
在发光二极管装置30和连接区域25之间的间距A能够作为光路S的最短长度给出,如在图1中示出。间距A为2和20mm之间并且优选在5至15mm之间。换言之,发光二极管装置30在激活时设置在工件2和连接区域25之间。
图2示出具有三个阵列30-I、II、III的发光二极管装置30的前视图,其中每个阵列又具有三个芯片30-i、ii、iii。能够根据连接区域25的尺寸或面积接通和切断各个阵列和/或芯片。在图2中发光二极管装置30的总辐射面积,即九个芯片的辐射面积的总和至少为4000mm2。在此,芯片30-i、ii、iii的辐射功率至少为100W以及阵列30-I、II、III的辐射功率至少为2kW。参照图2清楚的是,示出的阵列和芯片的数量仅为能简单地概略示出的发光二极管装置,而在实施中当然能相应地选择阵列的数量和每个阵列的芯片的数量。

Claims (28)

1.一种用于将覆层(12)施加到工件(2)上的方法,所述工件至少部分地由木料或木制复合材料构成,其中
至少在连接区域(25)中激活所述覆层(12,14),并且
将所述覆层(12,14)通过所述连接区域(25)与所述工件(2)连接,
其特征在于,
为了所述激活,用由发光二极管装置(30)发射的不相干的辐射照射所述连接区域(25)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述激活为融化。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述不相干的辐射是红外辐射。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法,其中直接照射所述覆层(12),使得在发光二极管装置和所述连接区域之间的光路(S)在激活时是未被占据的。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其中在所述发光二极管装置和所述连接区域之间的光路(S)在激活时不具有射束成形元件。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其中在所述发光二极管装置和所述连接区域之间的光路(S)在激活时不具有透镜。
7.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法,其中由具有至少一个阵列(30-I)的所述发光二极管装置(30)发射所述辐射,所述阵列分别具有多个发光二极管芯片(30-i)。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其中根据所述连接区域的面积接通和切断所述阵列和/或芯片。
9.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其中在激活所述连接区域时,所述发光二极管装置以距所述连接区域2至20mm的间距(A)设置和/或设置在所述工件(2)和所述连接区域之间。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法,其中在激活所述连接区域时,所述发光二极管装置以距所述连接区域5至15mm的间距(A)设置和/或设置在所述工件(2)和所述连接区域之间。
11.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法,其中所述覆层至少部分地由塑料构成。
12.一种用至少一个覆层对工件(2)进行覆层的设备,其中通过在连接区域中连接覆层(12)和所述工件(2)进行覆层,所述工件至少部分地由木料或木制复合材料构成,其中所述设备具有:
用于容纳至少一个所述工件(2)的容纳部(4),和
激活装置,具有用于照射所述连接区域(25)的发光二极管装置(30),以在所述连接区域中激活所述覆层,
其特征在于,
所述发光二极管装置(30)用于发射辐射(S)并且设置为,使得用所述辐射照射所述连接区域,以及
所述发光二极管装置(30)具有至少一个阵列(30-I),所述阵列分别具有多个发光二极管芯片(30-i)。
13.根据权利要求12所述的设备,其中所述激活为融化。
14.根据权利要求12所述的设备,其中所述辐射是红外辐射。
15.根据权利要求12至14中任一项所述的设备,其中所述激活装置和/或所述设备不具有共振器和/或光学放大器,和/或所述发光二极管装置(30)用于发射不相干的辐射并且设置为,使得用不相干的辐射照射所述连接区域(25)。
16.根据权利要求12至14中任一项所述的设备,其中所述阵列和/或芯片能根据所述连接区域的面积被接通和切断。
17.根据权利要求12至14中任一项所述的设备,其中在激活时在所述发光二极管装置(30)和所述连接区域之间的光路(S)是未被占据的。
18.根据权利要求17所述的设备,其中在所述发光二极管装置(30)和所述连接区域之间的光路(S)在激活时不具有射束成形元件。
19.根据权利要求18所述的设备,其中在所述发光二极管装置(30)和所述连接区域之间的光路(S)在激活时不具有透镜。
20.根据权利要求12至14中任一项所述的设备,其中所述发光二极管装置(30)和所述连接区域在激活时彼此隔开2至20mm和/或在激活时设置在所述工件(2)和所述连接区域(25)之间。
21.根据权利要求20所述的设备,其中所述发光二极管装置(30)和所述连接区域在激活时彼此隔开5至15mm和/或在激活时设置在所述工件(2)和所述连接区域(25)之间。
22.根据权利要求12至14中任一项所述的设备,其中在所述发光二极管装置上的总辐射面积至少为3000mm2
23.根据权利要求22所述的设备,其中在所述发光二极管装置上的总辐射面积至少为4000mm2
24.根据权利要求12至14中任一项所述的设备,其中所有所述阵列的辐射面积至少为3000mm2
25.根据权利要求24所述的设备,其中所有所述阵列的辐射面积至少为4000mm2
26.根据权利要求12至14中任一项所述的设备,其中一个发光二极管芯片(30-i,ii,iii)的辐射功率至少为100W和/或一个阵列(30-I,II,III)的辐射功率至少为2kW。
27.根据权利要求26所述的设备,其中一个阵列(30-I,II,III)的辐射功率至少为2.5kW。
28.根据权利要求12至14中任一项所述的设备,其中所述覆层至少部分地由塑料构成。
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