CN105846418B - A kind of isolated island type micro-capacitance sensor Real-Time Scheduling Energy Management System - Google Patents
A kind of isolated island type micro-capacitance sensor Real-Time Scheduling Energy Management System Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 35
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- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
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- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/14—Balancing the load in a network
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
-
- H02J3/385—
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- H02J3/386—
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/003—Load forecast, e.g. methods or systems for forecasting future load demand
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/388—Islanding, i.e. disconnection of local power supply from the network
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/50—Energy storage in industry with an added climate change mitigation effect
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- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of isolated island type micro-capacitance sensor Real-Time Scheduling Energy Management System, including energy management unit, real-time monitoring unit, PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit and distributed unit breaker；Micro-capacitance sensor includes the generator unit, accumulator and the load that connect power bus-bar by energy converter respectively；Real-time monitoring unit obtains the operating status of each generator unit and accumulator, PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit is according to current weather information data and historical load data, predict the output power and loading demand of generator unit, energy management unit is according to receiving micro-capacitance sensor operation data and prediction result data, with the minimum object function of system operation expense, using system safety operation as constraints, the operating status and output power of each generator unit of subsequent time are calculated, and is transmitted accordingly by each generator unit of distributed unit breaker control to the electric energy of electric power network.The present invention can reduce the influence that the uncertain factors such as weather conditions, the fluctuation of load bring system operation, promote micro-capacitance sensor reliability of operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to isolated island type micro-capacitance sensor management and running technical field, particularly a kind of isolated island type micro-capacitance sensor Real-Time Scheduling
Energy Management System.
Background technology
With the energetically support that uses of the country to regenerative resource, more and more micro-capacitance sensor projects have been built up, special
It is not that the isolated island type micro-capacitance sensor used for remote districts, industry park, school, hospital receives more and more attention.
With building up for a large amount of isolated island type micro-capacitance sensors, it is following the problem of, such as the interval of regenerative resource output power
Property with randomness to system power balance influence problem, how regenerative resource effectively uses problem, systematic economy in systems
Operation problem, system operation how each distributed generation unit output power problem of Real-Time Scheduling, how effective accumulator is
Prolong the service life problem etc..The EMS system of micro-capacitance sensor is namely based on the above problem and carries out relevant research, makes micro-capacitance sensor system
System is capable of the operation of economic and reliable.
And current EMS researchs are mostly focused on and dispatch a few days ago, the operation result of second day are calculated according to predictive information, so
It is run afterwards according to this scheduling result.Due to the intermittence of renewable sources of energy output power, randomness and load-side demand not
Certainty, regenerative resource often has the prediction result for being worse than the previous day with loading demand in same day operational process, if also pressed
The safety problem of system will necessarily be caused according to the operation of scheduling result a few days ago, when weather condition changes greatly, in some instances it may even be possible to
Cause the collapse of whole system.In order to enable a system to safely and effectively run, the battery of certain capacity is often configured in micro-capacitance sensor
Peak load shifting is carried out, improves renewable energy utilization rate, and if overcharged to battery under inclement weather conditions or mistake
The service life of battery can be substantially reduced by putting.Therefore the necessary EMS to existing micro-capacitance sensor is explored and is studied, and is improved micro-
Safety, reliability and the economy of operation of power networks.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is：A kind of isolated island type micro-capacitance sensor Real-Time Scheduling Energy Management System is provided, is solved
The certainly demand of isolated island type micro-capacitance sensor Real-Time Scheduling reduces in system operation the uncertain factors such as weather conditions, fluctuation of load to being
The influence that system operation is brought, promotes micro-capacitance sensor reliability of operation and economic benefit.
The technical solution that the present invention takes is specially：A kind of isolated island type micro-capacitance sensor Real-Time Scheduling Energy Management System, isolated island
Type micro-capacitance sensor include respectively by energy converter connect the photovoltaic generation unit of power bus-bar, wind turbine power generation unit, diesel engine,
Accumulator, AC load and DC load；Real-Time Scheduling Energy Management System includes：Energy management unit, real-time monitoring unit,
PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit and distributed unit breaker；
Real-time monitoring unit connects respectively with connecting the energy converter of diesel engine and accumulator, charged to obtain accumulator
The running state data of status data and diesel engine, and by the data transmission got to energy management unit；The diesel engine
Running state data refer mainly to the start and stop state parameter data of diesel engine；
PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit receives Weather information data and historical load data, and according to the Weather information data received
It predicts the output power of photovoltaic generation unit and wind turbine power generation unit, loading demand is predicted according to historical load data, then will
Prediction result data transmission is to energy management unit；
Energy management unit receives the data that real-time monitoring unit and PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit are sent out, based on PREDICTIVE CONTROL list
The generator unit output power data and loading demand data of member output, with the minimum object function of system operation expense, system
Safe operation is constraints, asks for Optimization of Unit Commitment；And in the case where not changing original Unit Commitment state status, calculate next
The operating status and output power of period photovoltaic generation unit and wind turbine power generation unit calculate to get to the scheduling of each period
As a result；
Distributed unit breaker includes the breaker being connected between each energy converter and power bus-bar, each disconnected
Road device connects energy management unit respectively；Energy management unit obtains the state of cut-offfing of current each breaker, and is counted according to scheduling
Being opened or closed for each breaker of output control is calculated, so as to the corresponding work for controlling each generator unit.
The present invention is in use, energy management unit determines that each generator unit is contributed according to the size of net power in micro-capacitance sensor
Size determines control accumulator cell charging and discharging power according to the state-of-charge of accumulator.When dispatching calculating, with system operation expense
Minimum object function is calculated, and each distributed generation unit can be made to be operated within its safe operation power bracket, and
And regenerative resource can be used to greatest extent；Battery-operated is within the scope of maximum charge-discharge electric power simultaneously, effectively to prolong
The service life of long accumulator；Diesel engine is operated in the higher range of operation of its efficiency, to reduce whole system to environment
Pollution；Make whole system safe and stable operation.
Further, in the present invention, the Weather information data that PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit receives include the day in the following short time
Gas forecast information data and a few days ago weather forecast information data：
PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit is daily unit, using neural net prediction method according to weather forecast information data a few days ago
The output power of photovoltaic generation unit and wind turbine power generation unit and the demand of load are calculated with autoregression model, is predicted a few days ago
Data；
PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit is according to the weather forecast information data in the following short time, using BP neural network prediction algorithm
The output power of photovoltaic generation unit and wind turbine power generation unit and negative after being calculated 5 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes with autoregression model
Load demand, and it is transmitted to energy management unit.Real-Time Scheduling for energy management unit provides data basis, correspondingly, energy
Administrative unit is scheduled calculating and then is 5 minutes/time to the period that micro-capacitance sensor is scheduled, to cope with system operation mistake in time
Emergency situations in journey, for example weather condition burst changes or loading demand changes.
Correspondingly, energy management unit is needed based on the generator unit output power data that PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit exports and load
Data are sought, using prediction data a few days ago as input, with the minimum object function of system operation expense, system safety operation is constraint item
Part asks for Optimization of Unit Commitment using mixed integer programming algorithm；
The object function of wherein system operation expense minimum is：
In formula, F is operating cost, and T is the cycle of operation, tcFor current time；L is renewable generator unit number；pi(t)
For renewable generator unit power generation electricity price, Pi(t), it is renewable generator unit output power；ponCost is opened for diesel engine；pd
Power generation unit price for diesel engine；PgenFor diesel power generation power；U (t) is diesel engine state variable, and u (t)=0 represents diesel engine
In shutdown status, u (t)=1 represents that diesel engine is opened；U (t) is the result that Integer programming obtains；Cbat(T) it is
Energy storage device operating cost；
Isolated island type micro-capacitance sensor, which needs to meet certain constraints in running optimizatin, can just make real system reach technology
Feasible and economically feasible；Present system safe operation constraints includes：
1) wind turbine, the constraint of photovoltaic output power：
In formula (2), PW_max、PPV_maxWind turbine, photovoltaic peak power output are represented respectively；
2) energy storage device, that is, battery power is constrained with SOC：
Since energy storage device is related with the battery status of last moment during charge and discharge, and current state can influence
To the operation of subsequent time period system, in order to weaken influence of the energy storage device in the process of running between execution cycle, calculating
The initial value of middle setting energy storage device SOC is equal to end value, and to meet during operation the limitation of SOC bounds with
And the constraints such as limitation of charge-discharge electric power, it is specific as follows：
In formula (3), SOCmin、SOCmaxThe lower limiting value and upper limit value of accumulator SOC is represented respectively, and it is 0.2 that can distinguish value
With 0.9；Pmax_charge、Pmax_dischargeAccumulator maximum charge-discharge electric power is represented respectively；η is accumulator transfer efficiency, during charging
Take charge efficiency ηc, when electric discharge picks and places electrical efficiency ηd1/ η of inversed；Pbat,tΔt/EcCharge and discharge for the accumulator within the Δ t times
The remaining capacity value for the energy storage device that electrical power generates；
3) diesel power generation power constraint：
kde_minPde_rate≤Pgen(t)≤Pde_rate (4)
In formula (4), Pde_rateFor diesel-driven generator rated power；kde_rateWhen being run for diesel-driven generator minimum power
Proportionality coefficient；
Diesel engine its operation power after unlatching should be operated in certain power bracket, otherwise can influence making for diesel engine
With efficiency and economy.
4) system-level operation constraints is balanced including system power：
In formula (5), PriRepresent regenerative resource output power, PnmRepresent non-regeneration energy output power, PLkFor load
Demand power；
The regenerative resource output power is to include the output power of photovoltaic generation unit and wind turbine power generation unit, it is non-can
Renewable sources of energy output power includes diesel engine and accumulator output power.
While Optimization of Unit Commitment is asked for, energy management unit in the case where not changing original Unit Commitment state status,
Using genetic algorithm calculate operating status and the output power of subsequent time period photovoltaic generation unit and wind turbine power generation unit to get
To the scheduling result of calculation of each period.
The invention described above system is respectively the prior art to the application of genetic algorithm and mixed integer programming algorithm.
If the weather conditions of some day occur that weather condition is unstable in cataclysm or one day in operational process, this
When each generator unit output-power fluctuation can be bigger, then real-time monitoring unit of the invention can be real with PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit
When the running state information of system and corresponding predictive information be transferred to energy management unit, energy management unit is according to acquisition
Information calculates subsequent time period and scheduling information later, and sends and instruct accordingly to distributed unit breaker and each electricity
Energy converter, makes the influence that uncertain factor is brought in reply system in advance, ensures system safe and stable operation.
The SOC value for the accumulator that energy management unit is obtained according to real-time monitoring unit ensures that energy storage operates in peace always
In gamut；Energy management unit is by regenerative resource output power, the prediction data a few days ago of load demand power data simultaneously
In the corresponding period data, compared with the prediction data in following short time interval；For renewable in prediction data a few days ago
When energy output power, loading demand data have differences with following short time interval interior prediction data, energy management unit is counted again
Scheduling result is calculated, system is scheduled again further according to scheduling result.
Aforementioned prediction data a few days ago is temporally carried out when calculating, it is assumed that between 2 points of operation (continuous two hours)
Power is constant, and in following short time interval the result is that being calculated by the period rolling of 5min/ time, the data compared are just
It is the data control for running the cycle of operation between two points the same day and the data in this point-to-point transmission predicted a few days ago.Such as same day fortune
Calculate that 2 pm 45 divides as a result, comparison is exactly that the regenerative resource output power predicted at this time predicted to come with the previous day
The same day 2 pm output results contrast.
It is of the present invention a few days ago be actual motion proxima luce (prox. luc) namely present system every day all on the day of to secondary
The predicting condition (weather forecast information data before this day) of day Weather information predicts the regenerative resource output power of next day and negative
Carry demand power data, i.e. prediction data a few days ago.
Advantageous effect
The present invention for the energy management system based on international standards such as IEC61970, system by monitor in real time including
The micro-capacitance sensor data of accumulator status, generator unit output power and diesel engine operating status, while according to getting weather
Data and load data prediction workload demand amount, so according to workload demand amount and micro-capacitance sensor data calculate next renewable time and
The scheduling information of the time of running later then according to the work of each functional unit in scheduling result of calculation control micro-capacitance sensor, is realized
Energy management and scheduling.Specifically effect is：
1) when same day renewable resource and predicted value are variant, system can react to that, it is reliable to improve power supply
Property；
2) renewal speed of energy management unit is fast, when being in an emergency for the demand of load-side, can solve in time
Certainly, the safety of system operation is improved；
3) operating mode of renewable generator unit is not limited to maximal power tracing, can according to the actual motion of power grid into
Row adjustment, maximal power tracing is operated in range of safety operation, when there is weather or loading demand exception, can be adjusted
Whole renewable generator unit operation in the secure mode, improves the comprehensive effectiveness of system overall operation；
4) present invention, with reference to the charge-discharge characteristic of battery, can effectively be kept away with the minimum object function of system operation expense
Exempt to occur over-charging of battery in the process of running to cross and put phenomenon, improve the service life of battery, efficiently use regenerative resource pair
System power supply improves the economy of system operation.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 show present system structural schematic block diagram；
Fig. 2 show genetic algorithm flow diagram.
Specific embodiment
It is further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
With reference to figure 1, isolated island type micro-capacitance sensor Real-Time Scheduling Energy Management System of the invention include energy management unit, in real time
Monitoring unit, PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit and distributed unit breaker；Isolated island type micro-capacitance sensor includes passing through energy converter respectively
Connect photovoltaic generation unit, wind turbine power generation unit, diesel engine, accumulator, AC load and the DC load of power bus-bar；Each electricity
The control terminal connection energy management unit of energy converter；
Real-time monitoring unit connects respectively with connecting the energy converter of diesel power generation unit and accumulator, is stored with obtaining
The running state data of battery charge state data and diesel engine, and by the data transmission got to energy management unit；
PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit receives Weather information data and historical load data, and according to the data prediction photovoltaic received
The output power and loading demand of generator unit and wind turbine power generation unit, and by prediction result data transmission to energy management
Unit；
Energy management unit receives the data that real-time monitoring unit and PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit are sent out, based on PREDICTIVE CONTROL list
The generator unit output power data and loading demand data of member output, with the minimum object function of system operation expense, system
Safe operation is constraints, asks for Optimization of Unit Commitment；And in the case where not changing original Unit Commitment state status, calculate next
The operating status and output power of period photovoltaic generation unit and wind turbine power generation unit calculate to get to the scheduling of each period
As a result；
Distributed unit breaker includes the breaker being connected between each energy converter and power bus-bar, energy
Administrative unit obtains the state of current each breaker, and according to the work of scheduling each breaker of result of calculation, to control each open circuit
Device contact is opened or closed, and then the corresponding work for controlling each generator unit.
Embodiment
In embodiment shown in FIG. 1, energy converter connects power bus-bar and photovoltaic generation unit, wind turbine power generation unit
With the DC converter of DC load, connection power bus-bar and diesel engine, the rectifier converter of accumulator and connection electric power are female
The inverter of line and AC load.
The Weather information data that PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit receives include weather forecast information data and day in the following short time
Preceding weather forecast information data；
PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit is daily unit, using neural net prediction method according to weather forecast information data a few days ago
The output power of photovoltaic generation unit and wind turbine power generation unit and the demand of load are calculated with autoregression model, is predicted a few days ago
Data；
PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit is according to the weather forecast information data in the following short time, using BP neural network prediction algorithm
The output power of photovoltaic generation unit and wind turbine power generation unit and negative after being calculated 5 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes with autoregression model
Load demand, and it is transmitted to energy management unit.Real-Time Scheduling for energy management unit provides data basis, correspondingly, energy
Administrative unit is scheduled calculating and then is 5 minutes/time to the period that micro-capacitance sensor is scheduled, to cope with system operation mistake in time
Emergency situations in journey, for example weather condition burst changes or loading demand changes.
Real-time monitoring unit connects two rectifier converters, is transported with monitoring storage battery charge state SOC and diesel engine in real time
Row state, and by the data transmission monitored to energy management unit.
Energy management unit receives the real time information of distributed unit breaker, real-time monitoring unit, PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit,
And according to the micro-capacitance sensor operation data and prediction result data received, using prediction data a few days ago as input, with systematic running cost
With minimum object function, using system safety operation as constraints, set optimization group is asked for using Integer programming
It closes, on this basis, the output power of photovoltaic generation unit and wind turbine power generation unit further according to following short time period interior prediction,
And loading demand information, in the state of original Unit Commitment is not changed, subsequent time period is calculated using genetic algorithm and is respectively sent out
The operating status and output power of electric unit by the period rolling calculation of 5 minutes/time, obtain scheduling result of calculation.
When present system is run, the application to genetic algorithm, mixed integer programming algorithm is respectively the prior art.
When asking for Optimization of Unit Commitment, the object function of system operation expense minimum is energy management unit：
In formula, F is operating cost, and T is the cycle of operation, tcFor current time；L is renewable generator unit number；pi(t)
For renewable generator unit power generation electricity price, Pi(t), it is renewable generator unit output power；ponCost is opened for diesel engine；pd
Power generation unit price for diesel engine；PgenFor diesel power generation power；U (t) is diesel engine state variable, and u (t)=0 represents diesel engine
In shutdown status, u (t)=1 represents that diesel engine is opened；U (t) is the result that Integer programming obtains；Cbat(T) it is
Energy storage device operating cost；
Isolated island type micro-capacitance sensor, which needs to meet certain constraints in running optimizatin, can just make real system reach technology
Feasible and economically feasible；Present system safe operation constraints includes：
1) wind turbine, the constraint of photovoltaic output power：
In formula (2), PW_max、PPV_maxWind turbine, photovoltaic peak power output are represented respectively；
2) energy storage device, that is, battery power is constrained with SOC：
Since energy storage device is related with the battery status of last moment during charge and discharge, and current state can influence
To the operation of subsequent time period system, in order to weaken influence of the energy storage device in the process of running between execution cycle, calculating
The initial value of middle setting energy storage device SOC is equal to end value, and to meet during operation the limitation of SOC bounds with
And the constraints such as limitation of charge-discharge electric power, it is specific as follows：
In formula (3), SOCmin、SOCmaxThe lower limiting value and upper limit value of accumulator SOC is represented respectively, and it is 0.2 that can distinguish value
With 0.9；Pmax_charge、Pmax_dischargeAccumulator maximum charge-discharge electric power is represented respectively；η is accumulator transfer efficiency, during charging
Take charge efficiency ηc, when electric discharge picks and places electrical efficiency ηd1/ η of inversed；Pbat,tΔt/EcCharge and discharge for the accumulator within the Δ t times
The remaining capacity value for the energy storage device that electrical power generates；
3) diesel power generation power constraint：
kde_minPde_rate≤Pgen(t)≤Pde_rate (4)
In formula (4), Pde_rateFor diesel-driven generator rated power；kde_rateWhen being run for diesel-driven generator minimum power
Proportionality coefficient；
Diesel engine its operation power after unlatching should be operated in certain power bracket, otherwise can influence making for diesel engine
With efficiency and economy.
4) system-level operation constraints is balanced including system power：
In formula (5), PriRepresent regenerative resource output power, PnmRepresent non-regeneration energy output power, PLkFor load
Demand power；
The regenerative resource output power is to include the output power of photovoltaic generation unit and wind turbine power generation unit, it is non-can
Renewable sources of energy output power includes diesel engine and accumulator output power.
To sum up, the mathematical model of present system can be described as:
s.t.hi..., (x)=0, i=1 m (6)
gj..., (x)≤0, j=1 l
Independent variable x in more than mathematical model*The optimal solution of as each distributed unit output power, wherein x are vector
Value, each component is the output power of each distributed unit.
Formula (6) be the present system model condition to be met, wherein hi(x)=0 the balance of supply and demand need to be met by representing, i.e.,
Output power and the balance of actual demand；gj(x)≤0 representing each distributed generation unit needs to meet in the operation of its own
Within safety condition.
Problem of the present invention is solved to optimization problem, and genetic algorithm has the function of global optimizing, and genetic algorithm has
There are simple general-purpose, strong robustness, suitable for parallel processing, the present invention transports the economy of micro-grid system using genetic algorithm
Row optimization problem carries out solution analysis, obtains the optimal solution of whole system.Genetic algorithm mainly includes coding, initialization, adapts to
Degree assessment, selection, intersect, variation and etc., flow chart is as shown in Figure 2.
It may be configured as the calculating of energy management unit and dispatching cycle carrying out within every 5 to 15 minutes once, are to successfully manage
Emergency situations in system operational process, for example weather condition burst changes or loading demand changes.Energy management system
System adjusts scheduling result in time according to the data information of acquisition, is calculated with the minimum object function of system operation expense, can
So that each distributed unit is operated within its safe operation power bracket, and regenerative resource can be used to greatest extent；
Battery-operated is within the scope of maximum charge-discharge electric power, effectively to extend the service life of accumulator；Diesel engine is operated in it
In the higher range of operation of efficiency, to reduce pollution of the whole system to environment；Make whole system safe and stable operation.
It, can if the weather conditions of some day occur that weather condition is unstable in cataclysm or one day in operational process
The output-power fluctuation of regenerative electric power unit can be bigger, and real-time monitoring unit can be in real time by phase with PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit at this time
Data information transfer is closed to energy management unit, energy management unit is according to the predictive information of acquisition and system real time execution shape
Condition calculates subsequent time and scheduling information later, and sends and instruct accordingly to distributed unit, makes reply system in advance
The influence that middle uncertain factor is brought ensures system safe and stable operation.
Photovoltaic generation unit normally may be configured as maximum power tracing pattern with wind turbine power generation unit operational mode in system,
When encounter energy fluctuation that burst weather conditions bring it is larger when, it is distributed single that droop control mode tuning can be converted to
The output power of member improves the reliability of system operation.Above-mentioned operational mode control to generator unit is the prior art.
To sum up, for the uncertainty of the intermittence of renewable resource, randomness and load-side demand in micro-capacitance sensor, this hair
It is bright effectively to adjust these uncertain influences to system operation, reach the safe and reliable operation of system.The present invention simultaneously
By effectively controlling the charge and discharge process of energy storage device, extend the service life of battery；By being carried out with the minimum target of operating cost
Scheduling calculates, and then utilizes Unit Combination, control energy storage device charge-discharge electric power, the adjusting diesel engine to distributed generation unit
Output power reaches the purpose of maximization uses regenerative resource, extends the service life of accumulator.
It these are only specific embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention, it is all in the spirit and principles in the present invention
Within all any modification, equivalent and improvement made etc., should be included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of isolated island type micro-capacitance sensor Real-Time Scheduling Energy Management System, isolated island type micro-capacitance sensor includes passing through energy converter respectively
Connect photovoltaic generation unit, wind turbine power generation unit, diesel engine, accumulator, AC load and the DC load of power bus-bar；It is special
Sign is that Real-Time Scheduling Energy Management System includes：Energy management unit, real-time monitoring unit, PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit and distribution
Formula unit breaker；
Real-time monitoring unit connects respectively with connecting the energy converter of diesel engine and accumulator, to obtain storage battery charge state
The running state data of data and diesel engine, and by the data transmission got to energy management unit；
PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit receives Weather information data and historical load data, and according to the Weather information data prediction received
The output power of photovoltaic generation unit and wind turbine power generation unit predicts loading demand according to historical load data, then will prediction
Result data is transmitted to energy management unit；The Weather information data that PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit receives include the day in the following short time
Gas forecast information data and a few days ago weather forecast information data；PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit is pressed according to weather forecast information data a few days ago
It is unit, using neural net prediction method and autoregression model, calculates the defeated of photovoltaic generation unit and wind turbine power generation unit
Go out the demand of power and load, obtain prediction data a few days ago；PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit is believed according to the weather forecast in the following short time
Data are ceased, the output power and load of photovoltaic generation unit and wind turbine power generation unit need after calculating 5 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes
It asks；
Energy management unit receives the data that real-time monitoring unit and PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit are sent out, defeated based on PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit
The generator unit output power data and loading demand data gone out, with the minimum object function of system operation expense, system safety
Constraints is operated to, asks for Optimization of Unit Commitment；And in the case where not changing original Unit Commitment state status, future time is calculated
The operating status and output power of section photovoltaic generation unit and wind turbine power generation unit calculate knot to get to the scheduling of each period
Fruit；
Distributed unit breaker includes the breaker being connected between each energy converter and power bus-bar, each breaker
Energy management unit is connected respectively；Energy management unit obtains the state of cut-offfing of current each breaker, and calculates knot according to scheduling
Fruit controls being opened or closed for each breaker, so as to the corresponding work for controlling each generator unit.
2. isolated island type micro-capacitance sensor Real-Time Scheduling Energy Management System according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, energy management list
The generator unit output power data and loading demand data that member is exported based on PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit, using prediction data a few days ago to be defeated
Enter, with the minimum object function of system operation expense, system safety operation is constraints, is asked using mixed integer programming algorithm
Take Optimization of Unit Commitment；
The object function of wherein system operation expense minimum is：
In formula, F is operating cost, and T is the cycle of operation, tcFor current time；L is renewable generator unit number；pi(t) being can
Regenerative electric power unit power generation electricity price, Pi(t), it is renewable generator unit output power；ponCost is opened for diesel engine；pdFor bavin
The power generation unit price of oil machine；PgenFor diesel power generation power；U (t) is diesel engine state variable, and u (t)=0 represents that diesel engine is in
Shutdown status, u (t)=1 represent that diesel engine is opened；U (t) is the result that Integer programming obtains；Cbat(T) it is energy storage
Device operating cost；
System safety operation constraints includes：
1) wind turbine, the constraint of photovoltaic output power：
In formula (2), PW_max、PPV_maxWind turbine, photovoltaic peak power output are represented respectively；
2) energy storage device, that is, battery power is constrained with SOC：
Since energy storage device is related with the battery status of last moment during charge and discharge, and current state influences whether down
The operation of one period system in order to weaken influence of the energy storage device in the process of running between execution cycle, is set in the calculation
Determine the initial value SOC of energy storage device SOCinitialEqual to end value SOCend, and to meet above and below SOC during operation
The limitation of limit and the restriction of charge-discharge electric power, it is specific as follows：
In formula (3), SOCmin、SOCmaxThe lower limiting value and upper limit value of accumulator SOC is represented respectively, and value is 0.2 and 0.9 respectively；
Pmax_charge、Pmax_dischargeAccumulator maximum charge-discharge electric power is represented respectively；η is accumulator transfer efficiency, and when charging takes charging
Efficiency etac, when electric discharge picks and places electrical efficiency ηd1/ η of inversed；Pbat,tΔt/EcCharge-discharge electric power for the accumulator within the Δ t times
The remaining capacity value of the energy storage device of generation；
3) diesel power generation power constraint：
kde_minPde_rate≤Pgen(t)≤Pde_rate (4)
In formula (4), Pde_rateFor diesel-driven generator rated power；kde_rateRatio when being run for diesel-driven generator minimum power
Coefficient；
4) system-level operation constraints is balanced including system power：
In formula (5), PriRepresent regenerative resource output power, PnmRepresent non-regeneration energy output power, PLkFor loading demand
Power.
3. isolated island type micro-capacitance sensor Real-Time Scheduling Energy Management System according to claim 1, energy management unit are not changing
Become under original Unit Commitment state status, subsequent time period photovoltaic generation unit and wind turbine power generation unit are calculated using genetic algorithm
Operating status and output power to get to the scheduling result of calculation of each period.
4. isolated island type micro-capacitance sensor Real-Time Scheduling Energy Management System according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that,
Real-time monitoring unit connects energy management unit to transmit data with PREDICTIVE CONTROL unit by Ethernet.
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