CN105843259A - Photovoltaic module control method and system - Google Patents
Photovoltaic module control method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105843259A CN105843259A CN201610203896.2A CN201610203896A CN105843259A CN 105843259 A CN105843259 A CN 105843259A CN 201610203896 A CN201610203896 A CN 201610203896A CN 105843259 A CN105843259 A CN 105843259A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D3/00—Control of position or direction
- G05D3/12—Control of position or direction using feedback
Abstract
The invention provides a photovoltaic module control method and system which can simultaneously control at least one photovoltaic module. The control method for any photovoltaic module comprises: collecting wind speed information, vertical shadow information, horizontal shadow information and output power information at the position where a photovoltaic module is located, and sending collected information to a PLC; determining a braking control signal according to the wind speed information, a vertical turning signal according to the vertical shadow information, a horizontal turning signal according to the horizontal shadow information, and a cleaning signal according to the output power information; controlling the opening and closing of a turning breaker according to the braking control signal; and when the turning breaker is closed, performing turning light tracing control in a vertical direction according to the vertical turning signal, performing turning light tracing control in a horizontal direction according to the horizontal turning signal, and performing cleaning control on the photovoltaic module according to the cleaning signal. The photovoltaic module control method and system can improve the output power of photovoltaic modules to a greater degree.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of solar, particularly relate to the control method of a kind of photovoltaic module and be
System.
Background technology
Now, along with a large amount of exploitations of economic fast development, oil and coal, non-renewable resources are protected
Having reserves fewer and feweri, environment for human survival is more and more severe, and the exploitation of new forms of energy has had been increased to state
Family's strategic height.Solar energy is a kind of cleaning, renewable, the new forms of energy that have a very wide distribution, the current sun
Can power generating industry be that the Chinese government gives special assistance to object.
In solar energy photovoltaic system, most important assembly is battery, and battery is the most single of collection sunshine
Position, substantial amounts of battery is synthesized together composition photovoltaic module.The polysilicon that photovoltaic plant uses in a large number now
Assembly laboratory conversion efficiency has reached 20.3%.But in prior art, photovoltaic module is multiple in reality
When using in heterocycle border, the power output of photovoltaic module is blocked impact by sunshine change and dust accumulation
Relatively big, thus cause the power output of photovoltaic module relatively low, and then reduce the work of solar energy photovoltaic system
Efficiency, reduces the economic benefit of photovoltaic plant.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides control method and the system of a kind of photovoltaic module, to solve photovoltaic group in prior art
The power output of part is relatively low, and then reduces the operating efficiency of solar energy photovoltaic system, reduces photovoltaic plant
The problem of economic benefit.
In order to solve the problems referred to above, the invention discloses the control method of a kind of photovoltaic module, it is possible to simultaneously
At least one photovoltaic module is controlled, wherein, the control method of any one photovoltaic module is included:
In wind speed information corresponding to the station acquisition at described photovoltaic module place, vertical shading information, level
Shadow information and output power information, and the information gathered is sent to PLC；
Described PLC determines brake control signal according to described wind speed information, believes according to described vertical shading
Breath determines vertical duction signal, determines according to described horizontal shading information and is horizontally diverted signal, according to described
Output power information determines clean signal；
The opening and closing of steering brake are controlled according to described brake control signal；
When described steering brake cuts out, according to described vertical duction signal, described photovoltaic module is carried out
Vertical direction turn to control of following spot, and according to the described signal that is horizontally diverted, described photovoltaic module is carried out
Horizontal direction turn to control of following spot, and according to described clean signal, described photovoltaic module is cleaned
Control.
Preferably, the described step determining brake control signal according to described wind speed information, including:
The wind speed threshold value of described wind speed information with setting is compared；
When described wind speed information is more than the wind speed threshold value set, determine that described brake control signal is for opening
Signal；Otherwise, it determines described brake control signal is shutdown signal.
Preferably, described vertical shading information includes: for the same level being arranged at described photovoltaic module
Position, face, two integrate and above-below direction arrange normal cell in, the normal cell of top is adopted
The second electric current that first electric current of collection and the normal cell of lower section gather；
The described step determining vertical duction signal according to described vertical shading information, including:
Calculate described first electric current and the difference of described second electric current；
When described difference is negative value, determine that described vertical duction signal is for being diverted vertically downwardly signal；When
Described difference be on the occasion of time, determine that described vertical duction signal is for turn signal vertically upward.
Preferably, described horizontal shading information includes: for the same level being arranged at described photovoltaic module
Position, face, two integrate and left and right directions arrange normal cell in, the normal cell in left side is adopted
The 4th electric current that 3rd electric current of collection and the normal cell on right side gather；
Described determine the step being horizontally diverted signal according to described horizontal shading information, including:
Calculate described 3rd electric current and the difference of described 4th electric current；
When described difference is negative value, determine described in be horizontally diverted signal be level turn signal to the right；When
Described difference be on the occasion of time, determine described in be horizontally diverted signal be level turn signal to the left.
Preferably, described output power information includes: the first output work gathered for described photovoltaic module
Rate, and for surface without laying dust standard package gather the second power output；
The described step determining clean signal according to described output power information, including:
Calculate described second power output and the difference power of described first power output；
When described difference power is more than the power threshold set, determine that described clean signal is for starting cleaning letter
Number；Otherwise, it determines described clean signal is for forbidding clean signal.
Preferably, the described step being cleaned described photovoltaic module according to described clean signal controlling,
Including:
If described clean signal is for starting clean signal, then described beginning clean signal is sent to solid in advance
It is scheduled on the cleaning device on described photovoltaic module, to indicate described cleaning device automatically to described photovoltaic module
It is cleaned；
Or,
If described clean signal is for starting clean signal, then uses alarm form to send the described cleaning that starts and believe
Number, with notice, described photovoltaic module is cleaned.
Preferably, described method also includes:
When determining that described photovoltaic module is under particular surroundings, described PLC receives user at described PLC
The control signal of input when controlling to operate on interface, and according to described control signal to described photovoltaic
Assembly carries out the relevant control of described control signal instruction.
In order to solve the problems referred to above, the invention also discloses the control system of a kind of photovoltaic module, it is possible to
Time at least one photovoltaic module is controlled, described system includes:
Acquisition module, for wind speed information corresponding to station acquisition at described photovoltaic module place, vertical
Shadow information, horizontal shading information and output power information, and the information gathered is sent to PLC；
Determine module, for determining brake control signal according to described wind speed information, according to described vertical the moon
Shadow information determines vertical duction signal, determines according to described horizontal shading information and is horizontally diverted signal, foundation
Described output power information determines clean signal；
Brake control module, for controlling unlatching and the pass of steering brake according to described brake control signal
Close；
Component control module, for when described steering brake cuts out, according to described vertical duction signal
Described photovoltaic module is carried out vertical direction and turns to control of following spot, and be horizontally diverted signal according to described
Described photovoltaic module is carried out horizontal direction and turns to control of following spot, and according to described clean signal to institute
State photovoltaic module to be cleaned controlling.
Preferably, described determine that module includes:
Braking determines unit, for the wind speed threshold value of described wind speed information with setting being compared；Work as institute
When stating wind speed information more than the wind speed threshold value set, determine that described brake control signal is for opening signal；No
Then, determine that described brake control signal is shutdown signal.
Preferably, described vertical shading information includes: for the same level being arranged at described photovoltaic module
Position, face, two integrate and above-below direction arrange normal cell in, the normal cell of top is adopted
The second electric current that first electric current of collection and the normal cell of lower section gather；Described determine that module includes: vertical
Determine unit, for calculating described first electric current and the difference of described second electric current；When described difference is negative
During value, determine that described vertical duction signal is for being diverted vertically downwardly signal；When described difference be on the occasion of time,
Determine that described vertical duction signal is for turn signal vertically upward；
Described horizontal shading information includes: for be arranged at described photovoltaic module same level position,
Two integrate and in the normal cell of left and right directions layout, the 3rd of the normal cell collection in left side
The 4th electric current that the normal cell on electric current and right side gathers；Described determine that module also includes: level determines list
Unit, for calculating described 3rd electric current and the difference of described 4th electric current；When described difference is negative value,
Being horizontally diverted signal described in determining is level turn signal to the right；When described difference be on the occasion of time, determine institute
Stating and being horizontally diverted signal is level turn signal to the left.
Compared with prior art, the present invention includes advantages below:
At least one photovoltaic module can be controlled by the present invention simultaneously, then to any one photovoltaic group
When part is controlled, by harvester Real-time Collection wind speed information, vertical shading information, horizontal shading
Information and output power information, and (Programmable Logic Controller, can by PLC
Programmed logic controller) it is analyzed obtaining corresponding control signal to the information gathered, according to controlling letter
Photovoltaic module number carrying out corresponding course changing control and cleaning controls, PLC has freely programmable, precision
High, stable, feature flexibly, therefore the present invention can high accuracy, neatly photovoltaic module is chased after
Photocontrol, and be cleaned photovoltaic module much sooner controlling, it is achieved to follow spot and clean complete from
Movement and motor-driven integrative controls, thus improves the power output of photovoltaic module largely, promotes photovoltaic
The operating efficiency of system, increases photovoltaic plant economic benefit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of steps of the control method of a kind of photovoltaic module of the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 2 is the control schematic diagram of a kind of photovoltaic module of the embodiment of the present invention two；
Fig. 3 is the structured flowchart of the control system of a kind of photovoltaic module of the embodiment of the present invention three.
Detailed description of the invention
Understandable, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings for enabling the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage to become apparent from
The present invention is further detailed explanation with detailed description of the invention.
The present invention is in view of when using in actual complex environment, and the power output of photovoltaic module is by the sun
Light change and dust accumulation block impact the most greatly, thus cause the power output of photovoltaic module relatively low, if adopting
Output power of photovoltaic module can be made to improve about 35% by automatic light tracking control system, photovoltaic module is removed
Dust also can make power output be greatly improved, and therefore selects to use and photovoltaic module is followed spot control with clear
Clean mode improves the power output of photovoltaic module.Further, it is contemplated that single-chip microcomputer control can be used
System is followed the tracks of the automatic tracing control forms such as single-shaft tracking system and the dual-axis tracking system of track of sun and is carried out
Follow spot control, but this control technical efficiency is relatively low, poor anti jamming capability, strong to environmental factor dependence,
Fault rate is high, is difficult to extension, and operation maintenance personnel workload is big, and it is immutable to control program, it is impossible to according to real
The changeable environment in border controls flexibly；In terms of photovoltaic module ash-clearing technology, it is contemplated that it is fixed to use
Photovoltaic module is cleaned by Shi Rengong purge mode, but photovoltaic module can not be entered by this mode in time
Row deashing, greatly have impact on the power output of photovoltaic module, and artificial cleaning cost is higher.Therefore,
The present invention uses PLC to following spot and cleaning carries out fully automatic integral control, and control accuracy is higher, control
System is more timely, thus improves the power output of photovoltaic module largely.
Embodiment one
With reference to Fig. 1, it is shown that the step stream of the control method of a kind of photovoltaic module of the embodiment of the present invention one
Cheng Tu.
At least one photovoltaic module can be controlled by the control method of the photovoltaic module of the present embodiment simultaneously
System.Wherein, the control method of any one photovoltaic module be may comprise steps of:
Step 101, wind speed information corresponding to station acquisition at described photovoltaic module place, vertical shading
Information, horizontal shading information and output power information, and the information gathered is sent to PLC.
Photovoltaic module (being also solar panel) is the core in solar power system, is also
Most important part in solar power system, its effect is to convert solar energy into electrical energy, or is sent to store
Battery stores, or promotes loaded work piece.
The embodiment of the present invention is at the position configuration information collecting device at photovoltaic module place, information collecting device
For gathering the wind speed information of photovoltaic module position, vertical shading information that photovoltaic module is corresponding, water
Pingyin shadow information and output power information, for example, it is possible to utilize air speed measuring apparatus to gather photovoltaic module
The wind speed information of position, utilizes vertical shading measuring instrument to gather the vertical shading letter that photovoltaic module is corresponding
Breath, utilizes horizontal shading measuring instrument to gather the horizontal shading information that photovoltaic module is corresponding, utilizes component power
Measuring instrument gathers the output power information that photovoltaic module is corresponding.Information collecting device is connected with PLC respectively,
After collecting above-mentioned information, information (namely the above-mentioned wind speed that information collecting device can each will collect
Information, vertical shading information, horizontal shading information, output power information) send to PLC, pass through
PLC carries out respective handling to these information, obtains the control signal of correspondence.
Step 102, described PLC determines brake control signal according to described wind speed information, hangs down according to described
Straight shadow information determines vertical duction signal, determines according to described horizontal shading information and is horizontally diverted signal,
Clean signal is determined according to described output power information.
PLC, after receiving the information that information collecting device gathers, can determine according to described wind speed information
Brake control signal, determines vertical duction signal according to described vertical shading information, cloudy according to described level
Shadow information determines and is horizontally diverted signal, determines clean signal according to described output power information.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, wind speed information can include that the wind speed of photovoltaic module position is big
Little.In this step 102 according to described wind speed information determine the process of brake control signal may include that by
Described wind speed information compares with the wind speed threshold value of setting；When described wind speed information is more than the wind speed set
During threshold value, determine that described brake control signal is for opening signal；Otherwise, it determines described brake control signal
For shutdown signal.Brake control signal is directed to steering brake, when steering brake is opened, the most right
Photovoltaic module carries out turning to follow spot control and cleaning control, when steering brake cuts out, then to photovoltaic group
Part carries out turning to follow spot control and cleaning control, therefore, the above-mentioned wind speed threshold value by wind speed information Yu setting
The mode compared, it can be ensured that when the wind speed size of photovoltaic module position is safe again to photovoltaic
Assembly controls accordingly, thus plays a protective role photovoltaic module and control device.Wherein, ability
Field technique personnel can arrange above-mentioned wind speed threshold according to the actual environment etc. residing for practical experience, photovoltaic module
The size of value, such as, could be arranged to 20m/s, 25m/s etc., and the embodiment of the present invention is for wind speed threshold value
Concrete numerical value be not any limitation as.
Preferably, the device being used for gathering vertical shading information in the embodiment of the present invention can include being integrated in
Two monocrystalline/polycrystalline normal cell together, above-below direction is arranged, is positioned over the same level of photovoltaic module
Position, face, not block as principle, mainly for detection of photovoltaic module at Vertical Square photovoltaic module generation
The most whether having shade, the vertical shading information of collection may include that for being arranged at described photovoltaic module
Same level position, two integrate and above-below direction arrange normal cell in, top
The second electric current that first electric current of normal cell collection and the normal cell of lower section gather.
According to described vertical shading information, this step 102 determines that the process of vertical duction signal can be wrapped
Include: calculate described first electric current and the difference of described second electric current；When described difference is negative value, determine
Described vertical duction signal is for being diverted vertically downwardly signal；When described difference be on the occasion of time, determine described hang down
Straight turn signal is turn signal vertically upward.When the difference of the first electric current and the second electric current is zero, say
Mingguang City's photovoltaic assembly does not has shade in vertical direction, namely photovoltaic module is just to the sun in vertical direction
Light, therefore without in vertical direction photovoltaic module being turned to control of following spot in the case of this kind, therefore
Determine that described vertical duction signal is for forbidding vertical duction signal；When the first electric current and the difference of the second electric current
During for negative value, in order to ensure that photovoltaic module does not has shade in vertical direction, namely ensure that photovoltaic module exists
Just to sunshine in vertical direction, photovoltaic module can be controlled and be diverted vertically downwardly, thus determine described vertically
Turn signal is for being diverted vertically downwardly signal；When the difference of the first electric current and the second electric current be on the occasion of time, for
Guarantee photovoltaic module does not has shade in vertical direction, namely the most just ensures photovoltaic module
To sunshine, photovoltaic module can be controlled and turn to vertically upward, therefore determine that described vertical duction signal is vertical
Directly turn upwards towards signal.
Preferably, the device being used for gathering horizontal shading information in the embodiment of the present invention can include being integrated in
Two monocrystalline/polycrystalline normal cell together, left and right directions is arranged, is positioned over the same level of photovoltaic module
Position, face, not block as principle, mainly for detection of photovoltaic module in level side photovoltaic module generation
The most whether having shade, the horizontal shading information of collection may include that for being arranged at described photovoltaic module
Same level position, two integrate and left and right directions arrange normal cell in, left side
The 4th electric current that 3rd electric current of normal cell collection and the normal cell on right side gather.
According to described vertical shading information, this step 102 determines that the process being horizontally diverted signal can be wrapped
Include: calculate described 3rd electric current and the difference of described 4th electric current；When described difference is negative value, determine
The described signal that is horizontally diverted is level turn signal to the right；When described difference be on the occasion of time, determine described water
Flat turn signal is level turn signal to the left.When the difference of the 3rd electric current and the 4th electric current is zero, say
Mingguang City's photovoltaic assembly does not has shade in the horizontal direction, namely photovoltaic module is just to the sun in the horizontal direction
Light, therefore without in the horizontal direction photovoltaic module being turned to control of following spot in the case of this kind, therefore
Signal it is horizontally diverted for forbidding being horizontally diverted signal described in determining；When the 3rd electric current and the difference of the 4th electric current
During for negative value, in order to ensure that photovoltaic module does not has shade in the horizontal direction, namely ensure that photovoltaic module exists
Just to sunshine in horizontal direction, photovoltaic module level can be controlled and turn to the right, therefore determine described level
Turn signal is level turn signal to the right；When the difference of the 3rd electric current and the 4th electric current be on the occasion of time, for
Guarantee photovoltaic module does not has shade in the horizontal direction, namely the most just ensures photovoltaic module
To sunshine, photovoltaic module level can be controlled and turn to the left, therefore being horizontally diverted signal described in determining is water
Flat turn signal to the left.
Preferably, the device being used for gathering output power information in the embodiment of the present invention can be respectively directed to need
Controlled photovoltaic module and surface is wanted to gather power output, therefore power output without the standard package of laying dust
Information includes: the first power output gathered for described photovoltaic module, and for surface without the mark of laying dust
The second power output that prospective component gathers.This step 102 determines cleaning according to described output power information
The process of signal may include that described second power output of calculating and the power of described first power output
Difference；When described difference power is more than the power threshold set, determine that described clean signal is for starting cleaning letter
Number；Otherwise, it determines described clean signal is for forbidding clean signal.By by the first output of photovoltaic module
Second power output of power and standard package compares, when both difference powers exceed power threshold
Time, it may be determined that now the power output of photovoltaic module is affected relatively big by the laying dust on photovoltaic module surface, needs
Photovoltaic module it is cleaned, otherwise to may determine that and temporarily need not photovoltaic module is cleaned.Its
In, those skilled in the art can arrange the size of above-mentioned power threshold according to practical experience, the most permissible
Being set to 25W, 30W etc., the embodiment of the present invention is not limited for the concrete numerical value of power threshold
System.
Step 103, controls the opening and closing of steering brake according to described brake control signal.
If determining in step 102, brake control signal is to open signal, then sent extremely by this unlatching signal
Steering brake, controls steering brake and opens, when steering brake is opened, do not enter photovoltaic module
Row turns to follow spot control and cleaning control, therefore vertical duction device, horizontal steering device and cleaning device are equal
Out of service.Therefore do not perform follow-up step 104 in the case of this kind, but return step 101 and continue
Gather corresponding information.
If determining in step 102, brake control signal is shutdown signal, then this shutdown signal sent extremely
Steering brake, controls steering brake and cuts out, when steering brake cuts out, then enter photovoltaic module
Row turns to follows spot control and cleans control, therefore vertical duction device, horizontal steering device and cleaning device root
Run according to each self-corresponding control signal, perform corresponding action.
Step 104, when described steering brake cuts out, according to described vertical duction signal to described light
Photovoltaic assembly carries out the control of following spot that turns to of vertical direction, and according to the described signal that is horizontally diverted to described light
Photovoltaic assembly carries out the control of following spot that turns to of horizontal direction, and according to described clean signal to described photovoltaic group
Part is cleaned controlling.
When steering brake cuts out, need photovoltaic module is turned to follow spot control and cleaning control,
Specially according to described vertical duction signal, described photovoltaic module being carried out vertical direction turns to control of following spot
System, and described photovoltaic module is carried out horizontal direction turn to, according to the described signal that is horizontally diverted, control of following spot
System, and be cleaned controlling to described photovoltaic module according to described clean signal.
Wherein, according to described vertical duction signal, described photovoltaic module carries out vertical direction to turn to and follow spot
If the process controlled may include that vertical duction signal, then will vertically upward for turn signal vertically upward
Turn signal sends to vertical duction device, controls photovoltaic module by vertical duction device and turns vertically upward
To；If vertical duction signal is for being diverted vertically downwardly signal, then will be diverted vertically downwardly signal and send to hanging down
Straight transfer, controls photovoltaic module by vertical duction device and is diverted vertically downwardly；If vertical duction is believed
Number for forbidding vertical duction signal, then will forbid that vertical duction signal sends to vertical duction device, pass through
Vertical duction device controls photovoltaic module and does not turns to.
Described photovoltaic module is carried out horizontal direction turn to, according to the described signal that is horizontally diverted, control of following spot
Process may include that if being horizontally diverted signal is level turn signal to the left, then turn to the left by level
Signal sends to horizontal steering device, controls photovoltaic module level to turning to by horizontal steering device；If
Being horizontally diverted signal is level turn signal to the right, then send level turn signal to the right to being horizontally diverted
Device, controls photovoltaic module level by horizontal steering device and turns to the right；If being horizontally diverted signal for prohibiting
Only it is horizontally diverted signal, then will forbid that being horizontally diverted signal sends to horizontal steering device, is turned by level
Control photovoltaic module to device not turn to.
It should be noted that above-mentioned photovoltaic module turned to control of following spot during, can be according to solid
Determine Research on Slew Control Strategy to turn to, turn to a steering angle set every time, after turning to, return step 101
Continue to gather corresponding information.Those skilled in the art can arrange above-mentioned steering angle according to practical experience
Size, the embodiment of the present invention is not any limitation as the concrete numerical value of steering angle.
If may include that institute according to the process that described photovoltaic module is cleaned controlling by described clean signal
Stating clean signal is to start clean signal, then send described beginning clean signal to being fixed in advance described
Cleaning device on photovoltaic module, to indicate described cleaning device automatically to carry out described photovoltaic module clearly
Clean, or, if described clean signal is for starting clean signal, then use alarm form to send described beginning
Clean signal, with notice described photovoltaic module is cleaned, can notify operation maintenance personnel to as described in light
Photovoltaic assembly is cleaned；If described clean signal is for forbidding clean signal, then will forbid that clean signal is sent out
Deliver to the cleaning device being fixed on described photovoltaic module in advance, to indicate described cleaning device not to described
Photovoltaic module is cleaned, if described clean signal is for forbidding clean signal, does not reports to the police, namely
Do not notify photovoltaic module is cleaned.
Preferably, photovoltaic module can also be adopted by the embodiment of the present invention according to the environment residing for photovoltaic module
With different control strategies, therefore, before above-mentioned steps 101, it is also possible to include determining described photovoltaic
The step of the environment residing for assembly.It is in home by described photovoltaic module when determining (home is permissible
Refer to the situations such as weather is fine, steering brake is normal) under time, above-mentioned steps 101～step can be performed
The control process of 104；It is in particular surroundings by described photovoltaic module when determining (particular surroundings can refer to sleet
The situations such as dust storm, steering brake are malfunctioning) under time, can be carried out manually by the control interface of PLC
Control, specifically include: PLC receives input when user operates on the control interface of described PLC
Control signal, and according to described control signal, described photovoltaic module carried out described control signal instruction
Relevant control, wherein control signal can include vertical duction signal, be horizontally diverted signal, clean signal,
PLC can carry out vertical direction according to described vertical duction signal and turn to and follow spot described photovoltaic module
Control, described photovoltaic module is carried out horizontal direction turn to, according to the described signal that is horizontally diverted, control of following spot
System, is cleaned controlling to described photovoltaic module according to described clean signal, and the concrete process that controls is with reference to upper
State the associated description of step 104.
The embodiment of the present invention can high accuracy, photovoltaic module is followed spot control neatly, and more and
Time ground be cleaned photovoltaic module controlling, it is achieved the fully automatic integral followed spot and clean is controlled, from
And improve the power output of photovoltaic module largely, promote the operating efficiency of solar energy photovoltaic system,
Increase photovoltaic plant economic benefit.
Embodiment two
The method of the embodiment of the present invention is, the co-located at photovoltaic module carries out measuring wind speed, vertically cloudy
Shadow is measured, horizontal shading is measured, and assembly output power measurement, it is thus achieved that PLC input signal；Logical
Cross PLC accurately and efficiently light tracing system and cleaning systems to be controlled, increase photovoltaic module to luminous energy
Absorption, reduce the dust accumulation impact on output power of photovoltaic module, and can be by PLC's
Communication function, monitors in real time photovoltaic module light tracing system and cleaning systems, controls flexibly, thus at light
In the continuous power generation process of photovoltaic assembly, reach the purpose of maximum power output.
With reference to Fig. 2, it is shown that the control schematic diagram of a kind of photovoltaic module of the embodiment of the present invention two.Such as figure
Shown in 2, the embodiment of the present invention includes following sections: signals collecting part: air speed measuring apparatus, vertical
Skiametry instrument, horizontal shading measuring instrument, component power measuring instrument；Control part: PLC, remotely supervise
Ore-controlling Role；Running gear part: steering brake, vertical duction device, horizontal steering device, cleaning
Device.Wherein, signals collecting part gathers the information that photovoltaic module is corresponding, and each information is entered by PLC
Line algorithm controls, and outputs control signals to the running gear of correspondence, controls the running status of running gear,
When running gear runs, can change the information that signals collecting part gathers, whole system is formed completely then
Closed-loop control.
The height of air speed measuring apparatus should be higher than that the height of photovoltaic module, and position hides not produce photovoltaic module
Gear is principle.In general, air speed measuring apparatus is that wind energy is converted to electric energy, the electricity of the biggest conversion of wind energy
Signal is the strongest, otherwise the most weak.Air speed measuring apparatus output wind speed information, wind speed information input PLC after with
The wind speed threshold value set compares, and when the wind speed collected is more than wind speed threshold value, steering brake leaves
Opening, at this moment running gear is in stopped status, namely follow spot control system and cleaning control system stopping fortune
OK, so that photovoltaic module and running gear are played a protective role；When the wind speed collected is less than or equal to wind
Speed threshold value time, steering brake close, at this moment running gear brings into operation, namely follow spot control system and
Cleaning control system is run.
Vertical shading detector and horizontal shading detector should be generally aligned in the same plane with photovoltaic module, to ensure
The angle of vertical shading detector and horizontal shading detector and sunshine and photovoltaic module and sunshine
Angle is equal.Vertical shading detector can export two kinds of information (for being arranged at described photovoltaic module
Same level position, two integrate and above-below direction arrange normal cell in, the mark of top
The second electric current that first electric current of quasi-battery collection and the normal cell of lower section gather), by PLC to upper
State two kinds of information and carry out shift control algorithm, obtain vertical duction asynchronous motor control signal.Horizontal shading
Detector can export two kinds of information (for be arranged at the same level position of described photovoltaic module, two
Individual integrate and in normal cell that left and right directions is arranged, the 3rd electricity that the normal cell in left side gathers
The 4th electric current that the normal cell on stream and right side gathers), by PLC, above two information is turned to
Control algolithm, obtains being horizontally diverted asynchronous motor control signal.It should be pointed out that, can in control system of following spot
Comprise various control strategy, such as can be by according to the fixing Research on Slew Control Strategy depending on geographical position with disappear
Shadow control strategy collectively constitutes, and controls based on the shadow that disappears when weather is fine, when bad weather with fixing
Controlling angle is main, control effect of strengthening following spot.By to light tracing system (vertical duction device and level
Transfer) carry out continuous control, it is possible to reach photovoltaic module the most just to sunshine, obtain maximum defeated
Go out the effect of power.
Component power detector is placed on the back side of photovoltaic module, not block photovoltaic module generation into former
Then.Selecting one piece of standard photovoltaic module, this standard photovoltaic module surface is without laying dust, for this standard photovoltaic
Assembly gathers the first power output；The second power output is gathered again for the controlled photovoltaic module of needs,
This photovoltaic module should not possess particularity, and the measurement with standard photovoltaic module produces contrast.Therefore, assembly
Power detecting instrument two kinds of information of output (the first power output gathered for described photovoltaic module, and for
Surface is without the second power output of the standard package collection of laying dust), PLC is drawn by power attenuation algorithm
Corresponding cleaning control signal, to be controlled cleaning device.It should be pointed out that, that cleaning device can have
Multiple choices, such as, clean up task can be completed by the cleaning device being fixed on photovoltaic module, works as photovoltaic
After unit clean completes, cleaning device is kept in the center；It is another kind of when PLC output starts clean signal,
By cleaning warning device clean signal to power station operation maintenance personnel sends, to notify that operation maintenance personnel is the completeest
Become the clean up task of photovoltaic module.
It should be noted that when the special circumstances such as sleet dust storm, brake apparatus be malfunctioning, PLC can be passed through
Control interface and control system is carried out Non-follow control, it is ensured that photovoltaic module and security of system.
For the detailed process of each plant running above-mentioned, the associated description with reference to above-described embodiment one is
Can, the embodiment of the present invention is no longer discussed in detail at this.
How specifically describe at photovoltaic so that Damao Banner, Inner Mongolia 20MW photovoltaic plant is live for parameter below
Assembly is maximum power output during actual power.
When detecting wind speed more than 20m/s, PLC sends unlatching signal, braking in a turn to steering brake
Device is opened, and now light tracing system and cleaning systems are in stopped status, and photovoltaic module recovers initial fixing and inclines
The state that angle is 41 °.When irradiation level is less than 500W/m2Time, cleaning systems are in stopped status, follow spot
System is based on fixing controlling angle, and the shadow that disappears controls to stop.Hereinafter describe and relate to multiple variable, to variable
Definition as shown in Table 1:
| Name variable | Design parameter | Name variable | Design parameter |
| Wind speed 1 | ≥20m/s | Braking 1 | Open |
| Wind speed 2 | ＜ 20m/s | Braking 2 | Close |
| Vertical duction 1 | Turn clockwise | It is horizontally diverted 1 | Turn clockwise |
| Vertical duction 2 | Rotate counterclockwise | It is horizontally diverted 2 | Rotate counterclockwise |
| Vertical duction angular region | -10～+49deg | It is horizontally diverted angular region | -95～+100deg |
| Difference power 1 | ≥25W | Cleaning 1 | Open |
| Irradiation level 1 | ＞ 500W/m2 | Irradiation level 2 | ≤500W/m2 |
| Initial state | 41° |
Table one
Such as, during 09:00 wind speed 2 in early morning, brake 2, then light tracing system and cleaning systems are in operation
State, vertical duction device and horizontal steering device bring into operation from initial state, are now incident upon photovoltaic group
The radiancy of part is 550W/m2, backboard temperature 42.5 DEG C, power output is 201.83W；Vertical duction
1, it is horizontally diverted after 2 that to be incident upon the greatest irradiation degree of photovoltaic module be 589W/m2, backboard temperature 40.80
DEG C, power output is 217.26W, is transformed into STC (Standard Test Condition, standard testing
Condition) under situation, the power output of photovoltaic module improves 1.73W.During 12:30 wind speed 2 at noon,
Braking 2, the radiancy being now incident upon photovoltaic module is 901W/m2, backboard temperature 53.6 DEG C, output
Power is 196.84W；During 12:35 wind speed 2 at noon, brake 2, be now incident upon the spoke of photovoltaic module
Degree of penetrating is 918W/m2, backboard temperature 53.6 DEG C, power output is 197.73W, is transformed into STC shape
Under condition, the power output of photovoltaic module improves 3.08W.As can be seen here, photovoltaic module is at running
In remain that greatest irradiation amount receives, thus ensure that holding maximum power output.
Certain moment difference power 1, cleans 1, and cleaning device brings into operation, before photovoltaic module does not cleans, this
Time to be incident upon the radiancy of photovoltaic module be 989W/m2, backboard temperature 43.20 DEG C, power output is
195.47W, after photovoltaic module cleaning, the radiancy being now incident upon photovoltaic module is 990W/m2, the back of the body
Plate temperature 44.0 DEG C, power output is 221.60W, is transformed under STC situation, and power output improves
30.12W, it can be seen that, it is cleaned photovoltaic module in time processing, it is ensured that photovoltaic module maximum work
Rate exports.
The embodiment of the present invention, with PLC as control axis, solves Single-chip Controlling inefficient, anti-dry
Disturbing ability, strong to environmental factor dependence, fault rate is high, is difficult to extension, and it is immutable, no to control program
The technical problem that can control flexibly according to actual changeable environment, and be manually cleaned controlling not
Problem timely.Accurately run by light tracing system and cleaning systems, improve output power of photovoltaic module,
Improve photovoltaic power station power generation amount, increase the performance of enterprises.Light tracing system and cleaning systems overall-in-one control schema,
Improve automaticity, it is to avoid common sunshine is followed the trail of and photovoltaic module cleans single control, anti-dry
Disturb ability, strong to environmental factor dependence, the fault rate unnecessary trouble that difference band comes in high precision.Remotely prison
Control photovoltaic module total state, intelligence O&M, reduce O&M cost.Control program flexibility and changeability, can foundation
Photovoltaic module fact carries out debugging control, can be manually operated during special circumstances, it is ensured that photovoltaic module system
The safety of system.
For aforesaid each method embodiment, in order to be briefly described, therefore it is all expressed as a series of dynamic
Combining, but those skilled in the art should know, the present invention is not by described sequence of movement
Limiting, because according to the present invention, some step can use other orders or carry out simultaneously.Secondly,
Those skilled in the art also should know, embodiment described in this description belongs to preferred embodiment,
Necessary to involved action and the module not necessarily present invention.
Embodiment three
With reference to Fig. 3, it is shown that the structural frames of the control system of a kind of photovoltaic module of the embodiment of the present invention three
Figure.
At least one photovoltaic module can be controlled by the control system of the photovoltaic module of the present embodiment simultaneously
System, system can include with lower module:
Acquisition module 301, for wind speed information corresponding to station acquisition at described photovoltaic module place,
Vertical shading information, horizontal shading information and output power information, and the information gathered is sent extremely
PLC；
Determine module 302, for determining brake control signal according to described wind speed information, hang down according to described
Straight shadow information determines vertical duction signal, determines according to described horizontal shading information and is horizontally diverted signal,
Clean signal is determined according to described output power information；
Brake control module 303, for controlling the unlatching of steering brake according to described brake control signal
And closedown；
Component control module 304, for when described steering brake cuts out, according to described vertical duction
Signal carries out vertical direction and turns to control of following spot described photovoltaic module, and is horizontally diverted according to described
Signal carries out horizontal direction and turns to control of following spot described photovoltaic module, and according to described clean signal
It is cleaned described photovoltaic module controlling.
Preferably, described determine that module may include that braking determines unit, for by described wind speed information
Compare with the wind speed threshold value set；When described wind speed information is more than the wind speed threshold value set, determine
Described brake control signal is for opening signal；Otherwise, it determines described brake control signal is shutdown signal.
Preferably, described vertical shading information includes: for the same level being arranged at described photovoltaic module
Position, face, two integrate and above-below direction arrange normal cell in, the normal cell of top is adopted
The second electric current that first electric current of collection and the normal cell of lower section gather.Described determine that module may include that
Vertically determine unit, for calculating described first electric current and the difference of described second electric current；When described difference
During for negative value, determine that described vertical duction signal is for being diverted vertically downwardly signal；When described difference be on the occasion of
Time, determine that described vertical duction signal is for turn signal vertically upward.
Preferably, described horizontal shading information includes: for the same level being arranged at described photovoltaic module
Position, face, two integrate and left and right directions arrange normal cell in, the normal cell in left side is adopted
The 4th electric current that 3rd electric current of collection and the normal cell on right side gather.Described determine that module may include that
Level determination unit, for calculating described 3rd electric current and the difference of described 4th electric current；When described difference
During for negative value, determine described in be horizontally diverted signal be level turn signal to the right；When described difference be on the occasion of
Time, determine described in be horizontally diverted signal be level turn signal to the left.
Preferably, described output power information includes: the first output work gathered for described photovoltaic module
Rate, and for surface without laying dust standard package gather the second power output.Described determine that module is permissible
Including: cleaning determines unit, for calculating described second power output and the merit of described first power output
Rate variance；When described difference power is more than the power threshold set, determine that described clean signal is for starting cleaning
Signal；Otherwise, it determines described clean signal is for forbidding clean signal.
Preferably, described component control module includes: cleaning control unit, in described clean signal
During for starting clean signal, described beginning clean signal is sent to being fixed in advance on described photovoltaic module
Cleaning device, to indicate described cleaning device automatically described photovoltaic module to be cleaned；Or,
When described clean signal is for starting clean signal, alarm form is used to send described beginning clean signal, with
Described photovoltaic module is cleaned by notice.
Preferably, described system can also include: interface control module, for when determining described photovoltaic group
When part is under particular surroundings, receive input when user operates on the control interface of described PLC
Control signal, and according to described control signal, described photovoltaic module carried out described control signal instruction
Relevant control.
The embodiment of the present invention can high accuracy, photovoltaic module is followed spot control neatly, and more and
Time ground be cleaned photovoltaic module controlling, it is achieved the fully automatic integral followed spot and clean is controlled, from
And improve the power output of photovoltaic module largely, promote the operating efficiency of solar energy photovoltaic system,
Increase photovoltaic plant economic benefit.
For device embodiment, due to itself and embodiment of the method basic simlarity, so the comparison described
Simply, relevant part sees the part of embodiment of the method and illustrates.
Each embodiment in this specification all uses the mode gone forward one by one to describe, and each embodiment stresses
Be all the difference with other embodiments, between each embodiment, identical similar part sees mutually
?.
The present invention can described in the general context of computer executable instructions,
Such as program module.Usually, program module includes performing particular task or realizing specific abstract data class
The routine of type, program, object, assembly, data structure etc..Can also be in a distributed computing environment
Put into practice the present invention, in these DCEs, by by communication network connected remotely
Reason equipment performs task.In a distributed computing environment, program module may be located at and includes storage device
In interior local and remote computer-readable storage medium.
Finally, in addition it is also necessary to explanation, in this article, the relational terms of such as first and second or the like
It is used merely to separate an entity or operation with another entity or operating space, and not necessarily requires
Or imply relation or the order that there is any this reality between these entities or operation.And, art
Language " includes ", " comprising " or its any other variant are intended to comprising of nonexcludability, so that
Must include that the process of a series of key element, method, commodity or equipment not only include those key elements, but also
Including other key elements being not expressly set out, or also include for this process, method, commodity or
The key element that equipment is intrinsic.In the case of there is no more restriction, statement " including ... " limit
Fixed key element, it is not excluded that there is also in including the process of described key element, method, commodity or equipment
Other identical element.
Control method and system to a kind of photovoltaic module provided by the present invention, has carried out detailed Jie above
Continuing, principle and the embodiment of the present invention are set forth by specific case used herein, above reality
The explanation executing example is only intended to help to understand method and the core concept thereof of the present invention；Simultaneously for ability
The those skilled in the art in territory, according to the thought of the present invention, the most all can
Change part, and in sum, this specification content should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the control method of a photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that simultaneously at least one photovoltaic module
It is controlled, wherein, the control method of any one photovoltaic module is included:
In wind speed information corresponding to the station acquisition at described photovoltaic module place, vertical shading information, level
Shadow information and output power information, and the information gathered is sent to PLC；
Described PLC determines brake control signal according to described wind speed information, believes according to described vertical shading
Breath determines vertical duction signal, determines according to described horizontal shading information and is horizontally diverted signal, according to described
Output power information determines clean signal；
The opening and closing of steering brake are controlled according to described brake control signal；
When described steering brake cuts out, according to described vertical duction signal, described photovoltaic module is carried out
Vertical direction turn to control of following spot, and according to the described signal that is horizontally diverted, described photovoltaic module is carried out
Horizontal direction turn to control of following spot, and according to described clean signal, described photovoltaic module is cleaned
Control.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described according to described wind speed information
Determine the step of brake control signal, including:
The wind speed threshold value of described wind speed information with setting is compared；
When described wind speed information is more than the wind speed threshold value set, determine that described brake control signal is for opening
Signal；Otherwise, it determines described brake control signal is shutdown signal.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described vertical shading information includes:
For be arranged at the same level position of described photovoltaic module, two integrate and above-below direction cloth
In the normal cell put, first electric current of normal cell collection of top and the normal cell of lower section gather
Second electric current；
The described step determining vertical duction signal according to described vertical shading information, including:
Calculate described first electric current and the difference of described second electric current；
When described difference is negative value, determine that described vertical duction signal is for being diverted vertically downwardly signal；When
Described difference be on the occasion of time, determine that described vertical duction signal is for turn signal vertically upward.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described horizontal shading information includes:
For be arranged at the same level position of described photovoltaic module, two integrate and left and right directions cloth
In the normal cell put, the 3rd electric current of normal cell collection in left side and the normal cell on right side gather
4th electric current；
Described determine the step being horizontally diverted signal according to described horizontal shading information, including:
Calculate described 3rd electric current and the difference of described 4th electric current；
When described difference is negative value, determine described in be horizontally diverted signal be level turn signal to the right；When
Described difference be on the occasion of time, determine described in be horizontally diverted signal be level turn signal to the left.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described output power information includes:
The first power output gathered for described photovoltaic module, and for surface without the standard package collection of laying dust
The second power output；
The described step determining clean signal according to described output power information, including:
Calculate described second power output and the difference power of described first power output；
When described difference power is more than the power threshold set, determine that described clean signal is for starting cleaning letter
Number；Otherwise, it determines described clean signal is for forbidding clean signal.
Method the most according to claim 1 or 5, it is characterised in that described according to described cleaning
Signal is cleaned the step controlled to described photovoltaic module, including:
If described clean signal is for starting clean signal, then described beginning clean signal is sent to solid in advance
It is scheduled on the cleaning device on described photovoltaic module, to indicate described cleaning device automatically to described photovoltaic module
It is cleaned；
Or,
If described clean signal is for starting clean signal, then uses alarm form to send the described cleaning that starts and believe
Number, with notice, described photovoltaic module is cleaned.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include:
When determining that described photovoltaic module is under particular surroundings, described PLC receives user at described PLC
The control signal of input when controlling to operate on interface, and according to described control signal to described photovoltaic
Assembly carries out the relevant control of described control signal instruction.
8. the control system of a photovoltaic module, it is characterised in that simultaneously at least one photovoltaic module
Being controlled, described system includes:
Acquisition module, for wind speed information corresponding to station acquisition at described photovoltaic module place, vertical
Shadow information, horizontal shading information and output power information, and the information gathered is sent to PLC；
Determine module, for determining brake control signal according to described wind speed information, according to described vertical the moon
Shadow information determines vertical duction signal, determines according to described horizontal shading information and is horizontally diverted signal, foundation
Described output power information determines clean signal；
Brake control module, for controlling unlatching and the pass of steering brake according to described brake control signal
Close；
Component control module, for when described steering brake cuts out, according to described vertical duction signal
Described photovoltaic module is carried out vertical direction and turns to control of following spot, and be horizontally diverted signal according to described
Described photovoltaic module is carried out horizontal direction and turns to control of following spot, and according to described clean signal to institute
State photovoltaic module to be cleaned controlling.
System the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described determine that module includes:
Braking determines unit, for the wind speed threshold value of described wind speed information with setting being compared；Work as institute
When stating wind speed information more than the wind speed threshold value set, determine that described brake control signal is for opening signal；No
Then, determine that described brake control signal is shutdown signal.
System the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that
Described vertical shading information includes: for be arranged at described photovoltaic module same level position,
Two integrate and in the normal cell of above-below direction layout, the first of the normal cell collection of top
The second electric current that the normal cell of electric current and lower section gathers；
Described determine that module includes: vertically determine unit, be used for calculating described first electric current and described second
The difference of electric current；When described difference is negative value, determine that described vertical duction signal is for being diverted vertically downwardly
Signal；When described difference be on the occasion of time, determine that described vertical duction signal is for turn signal vertically upward；
Described horizontal shading information includes: for be arranged at described photovoltaic module same level position,
Two integrate and in the normal cell of left and right directions layout, the 3rd of the normal cell collection in left side
The 4th electric current that the normal cell on electric current and right side gathers；
Described determine that module also includes: level determination unit, be used for calculating described 3rd electric current and described
The difference of four electric currents；When described difference is negative value, determine described in be horizontally diverted signal be that level is turned right
To signal；When described difference be on the occasion of time, determine described in be horizontally diverted signal be level turn signal to the left.
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