CN105840964A - Lifting mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a lifting mechanism, relates to a mechanism used for lifting and lowering a photoelectric collimator workbench, and provides the lifting mechanism capable of achieving rapid lifting and lowering and high stability. The lifting mechanism comprises a screw rod (1) and a nut (2) which is in threaded connection with the screw rod, wherein the nut is positioned in an outer barrel (3); a guide key (4) and a guide groove are arranged between the nut and the outer barrel; when the screw rod rotates, the nut slides along the axis of the outer barrel under the action of the guide key and the guide groove; an inner barrel (5) is fixedly connected on the nut; the screw rod is fixed to a supporting seat (7) through a bearing seat (6); the outer barrel is fixedly connected with the supporting seat; and the screw rod is drived by a motor (8).

Description

Lifting mechanism

technical field

The invention relates to an elevating mechanism, in particular to an elevating mechanism for a workbench of a photoelectric collimator.

Background technique

The workbench of the photoelectric collimator is usually fixed and stored on the aiming vehicle and transported along with the vehicle. When working, the outriggers are extended to touch the ground, and the working table is raised to realize isolation from the aiming vehicle, providing a stable and reliable static working environment for the photoelectric collimator. ; When retracting, the working surface of the photoelectric collimator is lowered and is in contact with the bottom plate of the collimating vehicle box, and the height from the ground after the retracted outriggers are in place meets the requirements for motorized transportation of the vehicle.

Commonly used mechanism forms that can realize lifting include screw nut mechanism, worm gear mechanism, hydraulic cylinder, cylinder and other mechanisms. The corresponding driving methods include motor, manpower, hydraulic pressure, pneumatic and other methods. These lifting mechanisms and driving methods have advantages and disadvantages. and its corresponding suitable application occasions. The factors that need to be considered in the selection of the lifting mechanism and driving method of the photoelectric collimator workbench include the external dimensions of the corresponding mechanism, the rapidity of lifting and the stability after the lifting is in place, etc. There is no ready-made lifting mechanism and driving method that can meet the above requirements at the same time.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a lifting mechanism capable of fast lifting and high stability.

The lifting mechanism of the present invention includes a lead screw and a nut threaded on the lead screw, the nut is located in the outer cylinder, a guide key and a guide groove are arranged between the nut and the outer cylinder, and under the action of the guide key and the guide groove, When the lead screw rotates, the nut slides along the axis of the outer cylinder, the nut is fixedly connected with the inner cylinder, the lead screw is fixed on the support seat through the bearing seat, the outer cylinder is fixedly connected with the support seat, the The lead screw is driven by a motor.

In the lifting mechanism of the present invention, the motor is connected to the lead screw through a planetary gear reduction mechanism, and the planetary gear reduction mechanism is fixed on the bearing seat.

The lifting mechanism of the present invention, wherein the motor is a torque motor, which includes a brush holder, a central shaft, a rotor and a stator, the two ends of the brush holder are fixedly connected with an upper flange and a lower flange respectively, and the central shaft They are respectively connected to the upper flange and the lower flange through deep groove ball bearings, the rotor is fixed on the central shaft, the stator is fixed on the brush holder, and the central shaft is connected to the planets in the planetary gear reduction mechanism. The gears are fixed.

The lifting mechanism of the present invention, wherein the motor is provided with a brake device, the brake device includes a brake ring and a brake pin, the brake ring is fixed on the central shaft of the motor, and the brake pin penetrates The brake pin seat, the brake pin is provided with a cylindrical pin, the brake pin seat is provided with a notch matching with the cylindrical pin, a compression spring is arranged between the brake pin and the brake pin seat, and the cylindrical pin The pressure spring and the pressure spring are respectively located on both sides of the brake pin seat, and the pressure spring is arranged close to the brake ring. The brake ring is provided with a brake hole that matches the cylindrical pin, and the brake pin seat is fixed on the upper flange. superior.

In the lifting mechanism of the present invention, the specific manner in which a pressure spring is provided between the brake pin and the brake pin seat is that a baffle plate is provided on the brake pin, and a spacer for accommodating the pressure spring is provided on the brake pin seat. Groove, the stage clip is sleeved on the brake pin, one end of the stage clip is fixed on the baffle plate, and the other end is located in the groove.

In the lifting mechanism of the present invention, the central shaft of the motor is fixed with a hand wheel.

In the lifting mechanism of the present invention, the guide key is fixed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder, and the guide groove is opened on the nut.

In the lifting mechanism of the present invention, the guide key is fixed on the nut, and the guide groove is opened on the inner wall of the outer cylinder.

In the lifting mechanism of the present invention, a support is provided on the end of the inner cylinder away from the nut.

The lifting mechanism of the present invention, wherein the support is a ball head mechanism, the ball head mechanism includes a ball head and a ball seat, the ball head is fixed on the inner cylinder, and the ball seat is provided with a The spherical cavity, the ball head is located in the spherical cavity.

The lifting mechanism of the present invention differs from the prior art in that the motor drives the lead screw to rotate in the present invention. Due to the action of the guide key and the guide groove, the nut does not rotate with the lead screw, but slides along the axis of the outer cylinder. In this way, the inner cylinder fixedly connected to the nut will stretch out or retract into the outer cylinder to complete the lifting operation, so as to realize rapid lifting and high stability.

The motor in the lifting mechanism of the present invention is provided with a braking device, which includes a braking ring and a braking pin. When the lifting mechanism is lifted to the required height, the braking pin is rotated to make the cylinder on the braking pin The pin falls into the notch on the brake pin seat. At this time, the end of the brake pin is inserted into the brake hole on the brake ring, so that the central shaft of the motor will not rotate, so that the lifting mechanism will The height is fixed. When the height of the lifting mechanism needs to be changed, the central shaft of the motor can be rotated as long as the cylindrical pin is moved out of the notch, thereby realizing height adjustment.

The center shaft of the motor in the lifting mechanism of the present invention is fixed with a hand wheel, and the height of the lifting mechanism can be manually adjusted by turning the hand wheel.

The support on the inner cylinder in the lifting mechanism of the present invention is a ball head mechanism, wherein the ball seat can rotate relative to the ball head, so that when the support is in contact with the ground, the position of the ball seat can be rotated and adjusted according to the actual situation on the ground, so that Make it adapt to the shape of the ground, so that the support of the whole lifting mechanism is more stable.

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front sectional view of lifting mechanism of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the front sectional view of the torque motor in the lifting mechanism of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a state diagram of the braking device in the lifting mechanism of the present invention when not braking;

Fig. 4 is a state diagram of the braking device in the lifting mechanism of the present invention during braking;

Fig. 5 is a view of the use state of the lifting mechanism of the present invention.

detailed description

As shown in Figure 1, the lifting mechanism of the present invention comprises a lead screw 1 and a nut 2 threaded on the lead screw 1, the nut 2 is located in the outer cylinder 3, and a guide key 4 and a guide key 4 are arranged between the nut 2 and the outer cylinder 3. Guide groove, under the action of the guide key 4 and the guide groove, when the screw 1 rotates, the nut 2 slides along the axis of the outer cylinder 3, the nut 2 is fixedly connected with the inner cylinder 5, and the screw 1 passes through the bearing The seat 6 is fixed on the support seat 7 , the outer cylinder 3 is fixedly connected with the support seat 7 , and the screw 1 is driven by a motor 8 .

The motor 8 is connected to the lead screw 1 through a planetary gear reduction mechanism 9 , and the planetary gear reduction mechanism 9 is fixed on the bearing seat 6 .

As shown in Figure 2, the motor 8 in the present invention is a torque motor, which includes a brush holder 801, a central shaft 802, a rotor 803 and a stator 804, and the two ends of the brush holder 801 are fixedly connected with upper flanges 805 respectively. and the lower flange 806, the central shaft 802 is respectively connected to the upper flange 805 and the lower flange 806 through deep groove ball bearings 807, the rotor 803 is fixed on the central shaft 802, and the stator 804 is fixed on the brush On the frame 801, the central shaft 802 is fixedly connected with the planetary gear 901 in the planetary gear reduction mechanism 9.

A DC torque motor is used as the power source of the electric drive to drive the lead screw 1 to rotate, and the torque motor and the lead screw 1 are connected by a planetary gear reduction mechanism 9. The functions are as follows: First, reduce the speed of the torque motor to make the photoelectric collimator work The lifting speed of the table is controllable; the second is to increase the driving torque to the lead screw 1 when the driving torque of the motor is constant.

As shown in Figure 3 and in conjunction with Figure 4, the lifting mechanism of the present invention, wherein the motor 8 is provided with a brake device 10, the brake device 10 includes a brake ring 101 and a brake pin 102, the The brake ring 101 is fixed on the central shaft 802 of the motor 8, the brake pin 102 penetrates the brake pin seat 103, the brake pin 102 is provided with a cylindrical pin 104, and the brake pin seat 103 is provided with a The matching notch 105 of the cylindrical pin 104, a stage clip 107 is arranged between the brake pin 102 and the brake pin seat 103. Arranged close to the brake ring 101 , the brake ring 101 is provided with a brake hole 106 matched with the cylindrical pin 104 , and the brake pin seat 103 is fixed on the upper flange 805 .

In the lifting mechanism of the present invention, the specific way in which the pressure spring 107 is provided between the brake pin 102 and the brake pin seat 103 is: the brake pin 102 is provided with a baffle plate 108, and the brake pin seat 103 is provided with a baffle plate 108. A groove 109 is provided for accommodating the compression spring 107 , the compression spring 107 is sleeved on the brake pin 102 , one end of the compression spring 107 is fixed on the baffle 108 , and the other end is located in the groove 109 . When the compression spring 107 is installed, a pre-tightening force is provided, so that the compression spring 107 always exerts a pulling force towards the brake ring 101 on the brake pin 102 . When no braking is needed, the cylindrical pin 104 on the brake pin 102 is against other places on the brake pin seat 103 except the notch 105, so that the end of the brake pin 102 will not be inserted into the brake ring 101 In the brake hole 106 on the top, the central shaft 802 of the motor 8 can rotate freely; when braking is required, the brake pin 102 is rotated so that the cylindrical pin 104 on it moves and falls into the brake pin seat 103. In the notch 105, the end of brake pin 102 is just inserted in the brake hole 106 on the brake ring 101 like this, and the central axis 802 of motor 8 can't rotate freely, and the height of lifting mechanism is just fixed now.

When the lifting mechanism was lifted to the required height, the brake pin 102 was rotated so that the cylindrical pin 104 on the brake pin 102 fell into the notch 105 on the brake pin seat 103. At this time, the brake pin 102 The end is inserted into the brake hole 106 on the brake ring 101, so that the central shaft 802 of the motor 8 will not rotate, thereby fixing the height of the lifting mechanism. When the height of the lifting mechanism needs to be changed, as long as the cylindrical pin 104 is removed from the notch 105, the central shaft 802 of the motor can be rotated, thereby realizing height adjustment.

In the lifting mechanism of the present invention, the central shaft 802 of the motor 8 is fixed with a handwheel 11 as a manual drive input mechanism, and the height of the lifting mechanism can be manually adjusted by turning the handwheel 11.

In the lifting mechanism of the present invention, the guide key 4 is fixed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 3 , and the guide groove is opened on the nut 2 . Of course, it is also possible to fix the guide key 4 on the nut 2, and set the guide groove on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 3, as long as it can play a guiding role.

In the lifting mechanism of the present invention, a support 12 is provided on the end of the inner cylinder 5 away from the nut 2 . The support 12 is a ball head mechanism, and the ball head mechanism includes a ball head 121 and a ball seat 122. The ball head 121 is fixedly arranged on the inner cylinder 5, and the ball seat 122 is provided with a socket for accommodating the ball head. 121 in a spherical cavity, and the ball head 121 is located in the spherical cavity. The ball seat 122 can rotate relative to the ball head 121, so that when the bearing 12 is in contact with the ground, the position of the ball seat 122 can be rotated and adjusted according to the actual situation on the ground, so that it adapts to the shape of the ground, so that the whole lifting The support of the institution is more stable.

As shown in Figure 1, in the actual production process, the ball seat 122 is designed as a detachable component structure, and the components are fixedly connected by bolts or other fixings, so that the ball seat 122 can be easily installed on the ball head 121 Of course, it can also be easily disassembled from the ball head 121.

As shown in Figure 5, when the lifting mechanism of the present invention is in use, 4 sets of lifting mechanisms form a group to jointly support the photoelectric collimator work surface 13, and the screw 1 rotates to drive the nut 2 to lift, and the lead screw 1 passes through the support mechanism and the work surface 13 connection, specifically, the support seat 7 is fixed on the work surface 13 by bolts.

In the electric working mode, the motor rotor 803 rotates to drive the motor central shaft 802 to rotate. The motor central shaft 802 drives the lead screw 1 to rotate through the planetary gear reduction mechanism 9. Tube 3 does linear sliding motion. Before the ball head mechanism touches the ground, the inner cylinder 5 protrudes from the outer cylinder 3, and after the ball head mechanism touches the ground, the outer cylinder 3 rises relative to the inner cylinder 5, thereby completing the rising operation of the working surface 13. The descending process of the work surface 13 is opposite to the above-mentioned ascending process, and will not be repeated here.

Under the manual working mode, the motor 8 is not powered on, and the motor central shaft 802 is driven to rotate by the handwheel 11, and the working process of the lifting mechanism is the same as the electric working mode.

As shown in FIG. 5 , four sets of lifting mechanisms are obliquely installed on the worktable 13 to support the workbench 13 together. The connecting rod 14 is fixed at the lower end of the outer cylinder 3, and connects the 4 sets of lifting mechanisms as a whole. The brake device 10 is arranged under the hand wheel 11 of the lifting mechanism, the brake ring 101 is fixedly connected with the central shaft 802 of the motor; the brake pin 102 rotates, and it extends into the brake hole 106 of the brake ring 101 under the action of the compression spring 107 In this way, the motor central shaft 802 is prevented from rotating, thereby braking the lifting mechanism, the brake pin 102 is extracted from the braking hole 106 of the brake ring 101, the motor central shaft 802 can be rotated, and the lifting mechanism can work.

4 sets of lifting mechanisms rise or fall at the same time, driving the work table 13 to rise or fall. After the working surface 13 is raised and lowered in place, pull the braking pin 102 of the braking device 10 and extend into the braking hole 106 of the braking ring 101 to stop the rotation of the central shaft 802 of the motor, thereby forming a brake on the lifting mechanism and raising the working surface 13. stability.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

Using this technical solution, an electric and manual lifting mechanism is designed. When the load of the mechanism is 80kg, the output torque of the torque motor is not more than 1.5Nm. The lifting mechanism lifts 450mm within 1min. After the lifting is in place, the stability performance meets the requirement that the position does not change when there is no wind. Greater than 3". The invention has been applied to a certain type of photoelectric sighting instrument workbench, and the lifting performance, stability performance, and electric/manual working mode of the workbench have been fully assessed and verified.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only descriptions of preferred implementations of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Variations and improvements should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A lifting mechanism, characterized in that: it comprises a leading screw (1) and a nut (2) threaded on the leading screw, the nut is located in the outer cylinder (3), and a guide is provided between the nut and the outer cylinder Key (4) and guide groove, under the action of the guide key and guide groove, when the screw rotates, the nut slides along the axis of the outer cylinder, the inner cylinder (5) is fixedly connected to the nut, and the screw passes through The bearing seat (6) is fixed on the support seat (7), the outer cylinder is fixedly connected with the support seat, and the leading screw is driven by a motor (8). 2. The lifting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the motor (8) is connected to the lead screw (1) through a planetary gear reduction mechanism (9), and the planetary gear reduction mechanism is fixed on the bearing seat (6) up. 3. The lifting mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: the motor (8) is a torque motor, which includes a brush holder (801), a central shaft (802), a rotor (803) and a stator (804) , the two ends of the brush holder are respectively fixedly connected with an upper flange (805) and a lower flange (806), and the central shaft is respectively connected to the upper flange and the lower flange through deep groove ball bearings (807) , the rotor is fixed on the central shaft, the stator is fixed on the brush holder, and the central shaft is fixedly connected with the planetary gear (901) in the planetary gear reduction mechanism (9). 4. The lifting mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: the motor (8) is provided with a braking device (10), and the braking device includes a braking ring (101) and a braking pin (102 ), the brake ring is fixed on the central shaft (802) of the motor, the brake pin penetrates the brake pin seat (103), the brake pin is provided with a cylindrical pin (104), and the brake pin The seat is provided with a notch (105) matching with the cylindrical pin, and a compression spring (107) is provided between the braking pin and the braking pin seat, and the cylindrical pin and the compression spring are respectively located on both sides of the braking pin seat. The pressure spring is arranged close to the brake ring, and the brake ring is provided with a brake hole (106) matched with a cylindrical pin, and the brake pin seat is fixed on the upper flange (805). 5. The lifting mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: the compression spring (107) is provided between the brake pin (102) and the brake pin seat (103) in a specific way that the brake pin A baffle (108) is provided on the top, and a groove (109) for accommodating a pressure spring is provided on the brake pin seat. The pressure spring is set on the brake pin, and one end of the pressure spring is fixed on the baffle, and the other One end is located in the groove. 6. The lifting mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: a hand wheel (11) is fixed on the central shaft (802) of the motor (8). 7. The lifting mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: the guide key (4) is fixed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder (3), and the guide groove is opened on the nut (2). 8. The lifting mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: the guide key (4) is fixed on the nut (2), and the guide groove is opened on the inner wall of the outer cylinder (3). 9. The lifting mechanism according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: a support (12) is provided on the end of the inner cylinder (5) away from the nut (2). 10. The lifting mechanism according to claim 9, characterized in that: the support (12) is a ball head mechanism, the ball head mechanism includes a ball head (121) and a ball seat (122), and the ball head It is fixed on the inner cylinder (5), and the ball seat is provided with a spherical cavity for accommodating the ball head, and the ball head is located in the spherical cavity.