CN1058203C - Method and device for sorting three products by using double-density layer air heavy medium fluidized bed - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a method and a device for sorting three products by using a double-density layer air heavy medium fluidized bed. The existing sorting device can only output two products by one sorting machine, if three products are to be sorted out, the two sorting machines are required to be connected in series for use, and continuous production is difficult to realize. The purpose that one separator can simultaneously produce three different products is achieved by modifying the bed structure of the fluidized bed, selecting reasonable heavy types, grading the granularity and the density and the like. It has the advantages of no need of water, no environmental pollution, high separation precision, large treatment capacity, simple technological process, low production cost, equipment and capital investment saving, etc.

Description

Method and device for three-product separation using double-density layer air-dense medium fluidized bed

The invention relates to a mechanical separation device, in particular to a device for dry separation of solid particle objects using fluidization theory.

In the prior art, there are many methods for classifying solids or separating solids from solids, such as screening or liquid separation or airflow separation, but the traditional method is wet separation with water as the medium , this method consumes a lot of water, and the sewage it discharges is likely to cause serious environmental pollution. It is very difficult for the sorting of materials in arid and water-deficient areas; it is also difficult for the sorting of coal in severe cold areas and water that is easy to muddy.

In recent years, a new type of dry separation method and equipment—air dense medium fluidized bed coal preparation method and its device, US Patent No. 5,392,922 and Chinese Patent No. 92111310.6 large air dense medium fluidized bed dry method Sorting device, these existing air dense medium fluidized bed sorting methods and transposition are proposed for two kinds of products, only a single sorting density can be formed in the same fluidized bed sorting tank, so one The separator can only produce two kinds of coal products with different ash quality at the same time. When it is necessary to select three products of different quality, two existing air-dense medium fluidized bed separators must be connected in series for main reselection, which will not only increase capital construction and equipment investment and personnel management costs, but also the process The process is complex, especially the preparation and recovery of aggravated quality are difficult.

Considering the simplification of the entire system process and the feasibility of the process, the main re-selection aggravating material should use the material that has the same separation principle as the selected material. There must be a certain amount of aggravated particles in the primary selection, even if a de-intermediation device is installed between the main re-selection and sorting machines, it is difficult to remove this part of aggravated particles, and the amount of aggravated particles mixed into the re-selection tank is difficult to control , which will cause (1) the bed density and sorting density in the re-selection tank cannot be stabilized on the set value; (3) When there is a certain amount of heavy particles mixed in the re-selection tank, the fluidization state will deteriorate and the separation characteristics will deteriorate. Therefore, even if the current air-dense medium fluidized bed separation technology excludes economic reasons, it is difficult to achieve continuous three-product separation.

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, and provide a novel dry fluidized bed sorting method and device suitable for three-product sorting, which can be used in the same fluidized bed sorting tank At the same time, two uniform and stable fluidized bed sorting belts that meet certain process requirements are formed; one sorting machine can produce three kinds of products with different qualities at the same time, thus effectively saving investment, simplifying the process flow and improving equipment management, and Efficient and economical continuous industrial production can be realized.

The task of the present invention is implemented in the following way: it is by adopting the fluidized bed shell of special structure, medium replenishment device, air distribution device and using reasonable weighting material type and density and granularity of weighting material according to a certain range It is realized by matching, etc.; a device for three-product separation using a double-density air-dense medium fluidized bed, which can simultaneously form two uniform and steady states in the same fluidized bed separation tank, and meets the requirements of the coal preparation process. Sorting belt required. Among them, the upper fluidized bed is a low-density separation belt, and the lower fluidized bed is a high-density separation belt, which includes a fluidized bed shell, and its lower bottom is connected with a distributor, a pre-distributor, and a gas pipeline in sequence; set The flow direction of the light products is the length direction of the fluidized bed sorting machine, and the two sides along the length direction of the fluidized bed sorter are respectively provided with the inlets for the selected materials and medium, and the discharge ports for the light products. A light product discharge dial is provided; a scraper conveyor is provided along the width direction of the fluidized bed separator, and intermediate product discharge ports and heavy product discharge ports are respectively provided at both ends of the fluidized bed separator. Movement in the direction perpendicular to the light product discharge movement direction; an intermediate product discharge sieve plate with a certain inclination is installed under the upper scraper of the scraper conveyor at the left intermediate product discharge port, and a heavy product discharge screen on the right A heavy product discharge sieve plate with a certain angle is installed under the lower scraper of the discharge port; a. The shell of the fluidized bed is composed of two straight sections with a large upper part and a smaller one at the lower part, and a conical section connected in the middle. Shell; b. The upper and lower scrapers of the scraper conveyor are respectively buried in the middle and bottom of the fluidized bed of the sorting chamber. The inclination angle of the conical slope of the middle conical transition section shell of the fluidized bed shell is between 60° and 80°. There are anti-pollution nets on both sides below the inlet for the selected materials and light medium to reduce material mismatch, and between the upper scraper and the lower scraper of the scraper conveyor on the side of the discharge outlet for heavy products. There is an anti-pollution net to reduce material mismatch. The inlet for the selected material and medium is composed of the inlet for the selected material and light medium on the upper layer and the inlet for heavy medium at the lower part. The two are separated by a partition, and the low-density separation belt The supplementary weighting medium of the high-density sorting belt and the supplementary weighting medium of the high-density sorting belt can be delivered to the respective sorting belts from their respective feeding ports.

The inlet for the selected material and medium is composed of the inlet for the selected material and light medium on the upper layer and the inlet for heavy medium at the lower part. The two are separated by a partition, and the low-density separation belt The supplementary weighting medium of the high-density sorting belt and the supplementary weighting medium of the high-density sorting belt can be delivered to the respective sorting belts from their respective feeding ports.

A method for three-product separation using a double-density layer air-dense medium fluidized bed, a. The compressed air is evenly input into the fluidized bed shell, and the scraper conveyor is started at the same time, and the product will be separated according to a certain particle size ratio and density. The high-density aggravated matter in two different media matching the ratio range is added to the lower scraper of the scraper conveyor from the heavy-medium inlet until it reaches the height of the upper scraper, and the low-density aggravated substance is added from the light-medium inlet Stable double-density layer fluidized bed can be formed in the bed until it reaches the height required by the process; b. Start the light product discharge dial, and add the selected material from the inlet to make it The double-density layer fluidized bed is divided into light products, intermediate products and heavy products according to their density. The light products of the three products are discharged through the overflow of the discharge port, and the intermediate products and heavy products are respectively buried in the flow stream. The scraper conveyor in the bed layer is forced to discharge from the discharge port of the intermediate product and the discharge port of the heavy product, and the flow direction of the light product is perpendicular to the flow direction of the intermediate product and the heavy product; c. The weighted matter entrained by the product can be used as the circulating weighted matter of the low-density and high-density sorting belts respectively into the fluidized bed from the upper and lower parts of the bed, so that the fluidized bed can achieve a dynamic balance of separation and mixing to achieve high treatment efficiency. Quantities of three-product continuous sorting. The particle size ratio of the high-density weighted matter and the low-density weighted matter added to the fluidized bed ranges from 1.5 to 3.0. The density ratio of the high-density weighted mass and the low-density heavy mass added to the fluidized bed ranges from 1.2 to 1.8.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the present invention can realize continuous three-product dry separation, that is, a single sorting machine can simultaneously produce three different quality products of light product, intermediate product and heavy product, It also has the characteristics of high sorting accuracy, large processing capacity per unit area, small footprint, low infrastructure investment and production costs. At the same time, it can also effectively desulfurize and reduce ash on coal, and does not require water resources, has no environmental pollution, has a simple structure, and is easy to operate and industrially popularize and apply.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is a structural front view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a side view of the structure of the present invention.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

The present invention uses a double-density layer air-dense medium fluidized bed to carry out the device for three-product sorting. As shown in the figure, it includes a fluidized bed shell 9 which is composed of two straight cylinder sections with a large upper part and a smaller lower part and a conical section connected in the middle. The combined shell composed of the transition section, the fluidized bed shell 9 is a sorting chamber 12, and the lower bottom of the fluidized bed shell 9 is sequentially connected with a distributor 6, a plurality of pre-distributors 5 and a plurality of pre-distributors 5 connected air pipe 7; the material flow direction of the light product is set as the length direction of the sorter, and a scraper conveyor 1 is arranged along the width direction in the fluidized bed, and is fixed by a plurality of guide rollers 4, along the The corresponding sides of the upper part of the conical section in the width direction of the fluidized bed shell 9 are respectively provided with an intermediate product discharge port 2 and a heavy product discharge port 15, and anti-pollution nets 16 and 17 with a certain inclination angle and heavy product discharge ports are respectively provided. Discharge sieve plate 8 and intermediate product discharge sieve plate 3; light product discharge ports 10 and selected materials and light medium feed ports 13 are provided on the corresponding sides of the upper straight barrel section along the length direction of the fluidized bed shell 9 And the heavy medium feed port 14 at its lower part, the heavy medium feed port 14 is separated from the selected material and the light medium feed port 13 by a partition. The inner side of the light product discharge port 10 is provided with a light product discharge dial 11 , through which the light material is overflowed and discharged through the light product discharge port 10 . The selected material and the circulation and supplementary weight of the low-density sorting belt are sent to one side of the fluidized bed through the feed port 13, and the circulation and supplementary weight of the high-density sorting belt are added to the bottom of the bed through the feed port 14 , the selected materials are stratified according to the density in the sorting chamber 12, and are divided into light products, intermediate products and heavy products. The light products floating on the surface of the bed move along the sorting belt 12 along the length of the fluidized bed separator to another On one side, the light product is discharged from the discharge dial 11 to the discharge port 10, and the heavy product and the intermediate product of the middle layer are respectively discharged by the scraper conveyor 1 arranged along the width direction of the fluidized bed separator through the heavy product. The feed port 15 and the intermediate product discharge port 2 are discharged. The anti-pollution net 16 set on the upper part of the fluidized bed is to prevent the selected materials from being dragged by the scraper conveyor 1 to the discharge port 2 of the intermediate material without being sorted, or being entrained at the discharge port 15 of the heavy material. Inside the bed; similarly, the intermediate product anti-pollution net 17 located in the middle of the bed is to prevent the selected material from being dragged by the scraper conveyor 1 to the heavy product discharge port 15 before entering the high-density separation area; it is arranged in the fluidized bed The intermediate product discharge sieve plate 3 and the heavy product discharge sieve plate 8 are to minimize the influence of the product discharge device on the fluidization state and sorting characteristics during the product discharge process, and at the same time reduce the entrainment of aggravated substances in the product discharge.

Since the fluidized bed structure of the present invention is a combined shell in which a conical transition section shell is connected between two straight tube sections with different cross-sectional sizes, the upper one and the lower one are small, in the fluidized bed of this special bed structure, Because the cross-sectional size of the lower straight barrel is smaller than that of the upper straight barrel, the superficial gas velocity of the lower straight barrel is larger than that of the upper straight barrel at the same flow rate, which ensures that the lower straight barrel has high density and large particle size. The dominant weighted particles are at a higher gas velocity, and the weighted particles with low density and small particle size in the upper straight section are uniformly fluidized at a lower gas velocity at the same time. In addition, in the conical section, the gas velocity gradually decreases along the bed height, and the force on the particles makes the aggravated particles automatically separate in the conical section according to density or particle size, and the separation tendency of the particles is strengthened in the conical section. Therefore, the fluidized bed with this special bed structure is conducive to continuous and stable three-product separation.

The present invention carries out the method for three-product sorting with double density layer air dense medium fluidized bed, in the fluidized bed housing 9 that carries out three product sorting device with double density layer air dense medium fluidized bed, evenly feeds compressed Air, start the scraper conveyor 1, and the high-density weighted matter in two different media matched according to the particle size ratio of high-density and low-density weighted matter is 1.5-3.0, and the density ratio is 1.2-1.8 from the heavy medium inlet 14 is added to the lower scraper of the scraper conveyor 1 until it reaches the height of the upper scraper, then the low-density heavy medium is added from the light medium inlet 13 until the height required by the process is reached, and then it can be formed in the sorting chamber 12. Stable double-density layer fluidized bed, start the light product discharge dial 11, add the selected material from the feed port 13, make it be divided into light product, intermediate product and heavy product according to its density in the double-density layer fluidized bed Product Three products. The light products floating on the surface of the bed move to the other side along the length direction of the fluidized bed separator, and are discharged through the discharge dial 11 of the light products to the discharge port 10. The intermediate products in the middle layer and the heavy products in the bottom The product is discharged from the scraper conveyor 1 arranged along the width direction of the fluidized bed separator through the intermediate product discharge port 2 and the heavy product discharge port 15, and the flow direction of the light product is the same as that of the intermediate product and the heavy product. Vertical; the heavy substances entrained with the light products and heavy products can be used as the circulating heavy substances of the low-density and high-density sorting belts respectively. The dynamic balance of separation and mixing can be maintained accurately, so that the continuous separation of three products with high throughput can be realized.

Claims (7)

1. device that carries out the three products sorting with Double-density Fluidized Bed, it can form two even stable states simultaneously in same fluid bed separation groove, and satisfy the sorting band that coal preparation technique requires, wherein, upper fluid-bed is a low-density sorting band, and the bottom fluid bed is a high density sorting band; It comprises fluid bed housing (9), and it is gone to the bottom and is connected with distributor (6), pre-distributor (5), appendix (7) in turn; The flow direction of setting light product is the length direction of fluid bed separation, be respectively arranged with selected material (14) and medium feeding mouth (13), light product discharge gate (10) along fluid-bed separator length direction both sides, be provided with light product discharge thumb wheel (11) in light product discharge gate (10) inboard; Be provided with drag conveyor (1) along the fluid-bed separator width, be respectively arranged with intermediate product discharge gate (2) and heavy product discharge gate (15) in its two ends, drag conveyor (1) is along moving with the perpendicular direction of the light product discharge direction of motion; Upper scraping plate below at the drag conveyor (1) of the intermediate product discharge gate (2) in left side is equipped with the intermediate product discharge sieve plate (3) with certain inclination angle, and the lower scraping plate of heavy product discharge gate (15) below is equipped with the heavy product discharge sieve plate (8) with certain angle on the right side; It is characterized in that: a. fluid bed housing (9) is by connecting the combination shape housing that conical section is formed in the middle of two up big and down small direct tube sections; B. the top of drag conveyor (1) and bottom scraper plate are imbedded the fluidized-bed layer middle part and the bottom of separation chamber (12) respectively.

2. the device that carries out the three products sorting with Double-density Fluidized Bed according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the tapered slope inclination angle of the middle taper changeover portion housing of described fluid bed housing (9) is between 60 °～80 °.

3. the device that carries out the three products sorting with Double-density Fluidized Bed according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described selected material and both sides, light substance feeding mouth (13) below are provided with the anti-pollution net (16) that reduces the material mispairing, also are provided with the anti-pollution net (17) that reduces the material mispairing between upper scraping plate that weighs product material discharge gate (15) one side drag conveyors (1) and lower scraping plate.

4. the device that carries out the three products sorting with Double-density Fluidized Bed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described selected material and medium feeding mouth are that the dense media feeding mouth (14) that is selected in material and light substance feeding mouth (13) and its underpart is formed by the upper strata, separate by dividing plate between the two, the additional medium solid of low-density sorting band and high density sorting band additional increased the weight of to be situated between and can be respectively sent on separately the sorting band by separately feeding mouth (13) and (14).

5. method of carrying out the three products sorting with Double-density Fluidized Bed, it is characterized in that: a. imports compressed air in the fluid bed housing (9) equably, start drag conveyor (1) simultaneously, to join on drag conveyor (1) lower scraping plate from dense media feeding mouth (14) than the high density medium solid in two kinds of different mediums of commensurate in scope by certain particle ratio and density, when it reaches the height of upper scraping plate, until reaching the technological requirement height, can in the bed body, form stable dual density laminarization bed on from light substance feeding mouth (13) adding low-density medium solid to upper scraping plate; B. start light product discharge thumb wheel (11), add sorted materials from feeding mouth (13), make it in dual density laminarization bed, be divided into light product, intermediate product and three kinds of products of heavy product by its density size, light product in three kinds of products is discharged through discharge gate (10) overflow, intermediate product, heavy product are forced to discharge from middle product discharge gate (2) and heavy product discharge gate (15) by the drag conveyor of all imbedding in the fluidized-bed layer (1) respectively, and the materials flow direction of the materials flow direction of light product and intermediate product and heavy product is perpendicular; C. the medium solid that is entrained with light product and heavy product, can add fluid bed respectively by the bed upper and lower by corresponding circulation medium solid as low-density and high density sorting band, fluid bed is reached separate and the dynamic equilibrium that mixes, to realize the three products continuous sorting of format high throughput.

6. method of carrying out the three products sorting with Double-density Fluidized Bed according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the high density medium solid in the described adding fluid bed and the fineness ratio scope of low-density medium solid are 1.5～3.0.

7. method of carrying out the three products sorting with Double-density Fluidized Bed according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the high density medium solid in the described adding fluid bed is 1.2～1.8 with the density of low-density medium solid than scope.

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