CN105811876B - Light gathering photovoltaic power generating system radiator based on stack effect - Google Patents

Abstract

The object of the present invention is to provide the heat sink of the concentrated photovoltaic power generation system based on the chimney effect, comprising a chimney, a base plate, a concentrated photovoltaic power generation system, and a cooling device. The bottom plate is connected, and the upper end of the connecting part is connected with the chimney. The heat dissipation device includes a hexahedron structure composed of fin structures fixedly connected. The heat dissipation device is installed in the chimney through the connecting piece and is located on the upper part of the chimney. The solar panel, the three-dimensional blackbody cavity includes a cylinder in the middle and cones at both ends, the solar panel is placed on the inner surface of the three-dimensional blackbody cavity, and the three-dimensional blackbody cavity is arranged in a hexahedral structure composed of fin structures. The invention can solve the problems of poor natural circulation cooling effect in the prior art, power consumption of the system by forced circulation cooling, large initial investment and high cost of the new type of cooling, and the like.

Description

Radiator for Concentrating Photovoltaic Power Generation System Based on Chimney Effect

technical field

The invention relates to a heat sink, in particular to a solar cell heat sink.

Background technique

As an inexhaustible energy source, solar energy has the advantages of cleanliness and environmental protection. It is estimated that the annual solar radiation energy received by the land surface is about 58×1019KJ, which is equivalent to the calorific value of 170 billion tons of standard coal. my country has very rich solar energy resources. The total annual solar radiation across the country reaches 3340-8400MJ/m2·a, the national annual average sunshine hours are 2200 hours, and the average solar power is 1700TW·h. The total amount of solar radiation in my country's northwest region, southwest region, southern Guangdong Province, Hainan Province and coastal islands is very large, and it has unique and superior resource conditions for the development and utilization of solar energy. Solar energy, as a renewable new energy source, has attracted more and more attention, especially the official promulgation of the Renewable Energy Law and the introduction of environmental protection policies, which show that the country attaches great importance to the development of renewable energy and provides a source for the development of solar photovoltaic power generation. policy guarantee.

Concentrated photovoltaic power generation is to use the form of concentrated light to make solar cells work under the condition of several times or even hundreds of times the light intensity, so as to realize the output of more electric energy, reduce costs and improve the efficiency of batteries under the condition of using the same photovoltaic cells , so it has a good application prospect. However, in the current concentrating power generation technology, part of the light energy is converted into electrical energy, and part of it is converted into heat energy, which increases the temperature of the solar cell and reduces the output power of the cell. Therefore, in concentrating photovoltaic power generation, it is an important work in the field of concentrating photovoltaic power generation technology to design and improve the cooling technology of solar panels.

The solar cell can work normally between -65°C and 125°C, and the cell can work better at low temperature, but under a given light intensity, the output power of the solar cell will decrease with the increase of the operating temperature. Linear decreasing relationship, the service life also decreases. When it exceeds 90°C, the efficiency and temperature change nonlinearly, and the efficiency drops sharply until it reaches zero. When the battery operating temperature is as high as 200°C, the battery can only work for 30 minutes.

At present, there are generally the following methods to reduce the temperature of solar cells:

1) Natural circulation cooling: The natural circulation cooling system is to add ribs, channels and other structures on the back of the solar panel to cool the panel, and the working medium (mostly air or water) absorbs heat through the back of the solar panel to achieve the purpose of cooling. However, due to the size limitation of ribs and channels and other structures, the heat dissipation effect is limited, especially at noon when the solar panels are irradiated by strong light, the temperature of the solar panel can often reach above 75°C, which seriously reduces the efficiency of photovoltaic cells;

2) Forced circulation cooling: The forced circulation method is the same as the solution in 1) and also adopts structures such as ribs and channels. The difference is that a forced flow circulation system is used, and sometimes cooling is performed on the front and back of the battery at the same time. When forced flow circulation is adopted, air or liquid with high transmittance is mostly used as the working medium, and additional driving power is required to promote the flow of the working medium;

3) New cooling: mainly including heat pipe cooling technology, micro-channel cooling technology, and liquid jet impact cooling technology.

The above three cooling methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. Although the natural circulation cooling method is simple in design, the cooling effect is poor; although the forced circulation cooling method has a better cooling effect, the formation of forced flow circulation requires the use of fans and pumps, which will consume additional system. Electric energy; the new type of cooling can achieve a better cooling effect, but the initial investment is large, the cost is high, and the commercial investment value is poor. Therefore, how to design and develop a heat sink with good cooling effect and without consuming system power has become a technical problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heat sink for concentrated photovoltaic power generation system based on chimney effect that solves the problems of poor cooling effect of natural circulation in the prior art, power consumption of the system by forced circulation cooling, large initial investment and high cost of new cooling.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved like this:

The radiator of the concentrated photovoltaic power generation system based on the chimney effect of the present invention is characterized in that: it includes a chimney, a base plate, a concentrated photovoltaic power generation system, and a heat dissipation device. The chimney is a conical cylinder structure, and the bottom of the chimney is connected to The bottom plate is connected, the lower end of the connecting part is connected with the bottom plate, the upper end of the connecting part is connected with the chimney, and there is a ventilation gap between the bottom surface of the chimney and the bottom plate. A central through hole is set on the top surface, and the heat dissipation device is installed in the chimney through a connecting piece and is located on the upper part of the chimney. The concentrated photovoltaic power generation system includes a three-dimensional black body cavity and a solar panel. The three-dimensional black body cavity includes a cylinder in the middle and The cone has a top hole at the top, and the solar panel is plated on the inner surface of the three-dimensional black body cavity. The three-dimensional black body cavity is arranged in a hexahedral structure composed of fin structures. Corresponding to the position of the through hole.

The present invention may also include:

1. The upper part of the chimney is configured as a honeycomb structure, and honeycomb holes are uniformly arranged on the cylindrical surface of the honeycomb structure.

2. The connector is a U-shaped structure, and its open end is provided with holes for installing bolts, and its arc end is fixed to the inner wall of the chimney.

The advantage of the present invention is that: the heat sink of the concentrating photovoltaic power generation system of the present invention is the first to design a heat dissipation device using the chimney effect. The so-called chimney effect refers to the fact that indoor air rises or falls along a space with a vertical slope, causing the air to strengthen convection. Phenomenon; Radiator of the present invention comprises chimney and the cooling device that is made up of fin structure, considers actual weather conditions, and the upper part of the conical shell of chimney is formed into honeycomb structure, when there is wind, wind passes through described honeycomb hole to form Horizontal convection to increase the heat dissipation speed and avoid the impact of excessive wind on the structural strength of the chimney; when there is no wind, use the suction effect of the chimney to increase the air circulation speed to increase the heat dissipation speed without consuming the power of the battery board. It can quickly cool down the concentrated photovoltaic power generation system and ensure the stability of the conversion power of the concentrated photovoltaic power generation system. The invention has a scientific and reasonable design and a simple structure. It uses the chimney effect to transform the traditional natural circulation cooling method, increases the heat dissipation speed of the concentrated photovoltaic power generation system, ensures that the solar panel is at a lower temperature, improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency, and dissipates heat. The process does not consume system power.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the front view of the three-dimensional black body cavity structure of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a top view of the three-dimensional blackbody cavity structure of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the upper surface structure of the fin structure of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the graph of environmental temperature change with time of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a diagram showing the variation of the output power of the battery panel with time according to the present invention.

detailed description

The present invention is described in more detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing example:

With reference to Figures 1 to 7, the radiator of a concentrating photovoltaic power generation system based on the chimney effect of the present invention includes a chimney 1 and a bottom plate 4. Part 12 is connected with the bottom plate 4; a concentrating photovoltaic power generation system is installed on the top of the chimney 1, and a cooling device is arranged on the outside of the concentrating photovoltaic power generation system to ensure that the concentrating photovoltaic power generation system is in a low temperature state and realize high photoelectricity. The heat dissipation device is connected to the inner wall of the chimney 1 through a plurality of evenly distributed connecting pieces 7 .

Specifically, as shown in Figures 1, 2, and 5, the heat dissipation device includes a plurality of fin structures 2, and the fin structures 2 are fixedly connected to form a hexahedron structure, and the hexahedron structure includes four sides and a top surface, The specifications of the bottom surface and the four sides are the same, the specifications of the top surface and the bottom surface are the same, and a central through hole is arranged on the top surface. The fin structure 2 is made of metal material, and the metal material is preferably copper material, because copper material has good thermal conductivity and fast heat dissipation, and secondly, aluminum material can be used. The number of the connecting pieces 7 is set to four, and the connecting pieces 7 are connected to the four sides by bolts 6 . Specifically, the connecting piece 7 can be set in a U-shape, and its open end is provided with a hole for installing the bolt 6 , and its arc end is welded and fixed to the inner wall of the chimney 1 or connected by bolts.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the concentrated photovoltaic power generation system includes a three-dimensional black body cavity 3 and a solar panel 8, the three-dimensional black body cavity 3 includes a cylinder in the middle and cones at both ends, and the top of the three-dimensional black body cavity 3 is open. There is a top hole 31, and the top hole 31 is set corresponding to the central hole provided on the top surface of the fin structure 2; the solar cell panel 8 is specifically a flexible structure, and is evenly installed in the three-dimensional black body cavity 3 on the inner surface. Specifically, the solar cell panel 8 is evenly plated on the inner surface of the three-dimensional blackbody cavity by magnetron sputtering technology.

The connecting portion 12 on the chimney 1 is installed on the bottom plate 4 through screws 5 . The connecting part 12 is an "L"-shaped structure, and the upper end of the "L"-shaped structure is connected with the chimney 1 to ensure that there is a ventilation gap between the bottom surface of the chimney 1 and the bottom plate 4. The normal temperature air from the outside and the outside quickly enters the chimney, and under the action of the chimney effect, it forms a bottom-up flow of air, and the upper cooling device forms forced convection to quickly dissipate heat.

The upper part of the conical cylinder of the chimney 1 is configured as a honeycomb structure, and the cylinder surface of the honeycomb structure is provided with a plurality of uniformly arranged honeycomb holes 11; when there is wind, the wind passes through the honeycomb holes 11 to form lateral convection, To increase the heat dissipation rate, while avoiding the influence of excessive wind force on the structural strength of the chimney 1; when there is no wind, the chimney effect is used to increase the air flow rate to increase the heat dissipation rate and ensure the stable power of the concentrated photovoltaic power generation system.

Working process of the present invention is as follows:

The temperature of the solar cell template 8 rises after receiving sunlight, and the heat on the solar cell template is conducted to the surrounding air through the hexahedral cooling device composed of the fin structure 2. After the air is heated, the density decreases and flows along the chimney. 1 rises, causing the pressure at the top of chimney 1 to decrease, while the temperature at the bottom of chimney 1 remains unchanged, so that the bottom pressure in chimney 1 is greater than the top pressure, forming a pressure difference from bottom to top; the gas inside chimney 1 is at the pressure difference Under the action, it flows from bottom to top, and because of the taper of the chimney, the flow velocity of the air gradually increases. After moving to the solar panel, the fin structure 2 made of copper material is subjected to lateral convective scour, which promotes the rapid discharge of heat. Rapidly reduce the temperature of the solar panel to keep the solar panel at a lower operating temperature to improve its photoelectric conversion efficiency.

The radiator is designed using the chimney effect, and considering the weather conditions, the upper part of the chimney cylinder is designed as a honeycomb structure. In order to test the effectiveness of the module, two days were selected on July 29 (no wind) and August 2 (wind). Days were used as the experimental group and the control group respectively. The ambient temperature and light intensity of the two days were similar, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7. It can be seen that the highest temperature in a day is 13:00 and 14:00, the ambient temperature is 31°C when there is no wind on July 29, and the ambient temperature is 32°C when there is wind on August 2nd; The output power of the panels was 6.1KW when there was no wind on the 29th, and the output power of the panels was 6.3KW when there was wind on August 2. It can be seen from the two graphs that as the temperature increases, the solar energy absorbed by the panels increases. , the output power of the battery panel increases accordingly; and it can be seen from Figure 7 that when there is wind and no wind, the two curves of the output power of the battery panel are basically parallel, and the data are not much different, indicating that the radiator can effectively cool the solar energy The photovoltaic panels dissipate heat to keep the solar panels at a lower operating temperature, so as to achieve the purpose of rapid heat dissipation of the concentrated photovoltaic power generation system without consuming system power.

The present invention adopts following technical scheme:

A radiator for concentrated photovoltaic power generation systems based on the chimney effect, including a chimney and a bottom plate, the chimney is a tapered cylinder structure, and the chimney is connected to the bottom plate through a plurality of connecting parts provided at the bottom; the upper part of the chimney is installed There is a concentrated photovoltaic power generation system, and a cooling device is installed on the outside of the concentrated photovoltaic power generation system to ensure that the concentrated photovoltaic power generation system is in a low temperature state and achieve a high photoelectric conversion rate. connected to the inner wall of the chimney.

The heat dissipation device includes a plurality of fin structures, and the fin structures are fixedly connected to form a hexahedron structure. The hexahedron structure includes four sides, a top surface, and a bottom surface. The specifications of the four sides are the same, and the specifications of the top surface and the bottom surface are the same. , and a central through hole is provided on the top surface.

The fin structure is made of metal material, and the metal material includes copper material or aluminum material.

The number of connecting pieces is set to four, and the connecting pieces are connected to the four sides by bolts.

The concentrated photovoltaic power generation system includes a three-dimensional blackbody cavity and a solar cell panel. The three-dimensional blackbody cavity includes a cylinder in the middle and a cone at both ends. The top of the three-dimensional blackbody cavity has a top hole; the solar cell panel is specifically a flexible structure. And evenly installed on the inner surface of the three-dimensional black body cavity.

The connecting part on the chimney is installed on the base plate by screws.

The connection part is an "L"-shaped structure, and the upper end of the "L"-shaped structure is connected with the chimney, so as to ensure a ventilation gap between the bottom surface of the chimney and the bottom plate.

The upper part of the conical cylinder of the chimney is configured as a honeycomb structure, and a plurality of evenly arranged honeycomb holes are arranged on the cylinder surface of the honeycomb structure.

Claims (3)

1. the light gathering photovoltaic power generating system radiator based on stack effect, it is characterized in that：Including chimney, bottom plate, condensation photovoltaic hair Electric system, heat abstractor, chimney are conical shell structure, and the bottom of chimney is connected by the connecting portion of L-type with bottom plate, connecting portion Lower end be connected with bottom plate, the upper end of connecting portion is connected with chimney, and ventilation gap is left between the bottom surface of chimney and bottom plate, described Heat abstractor includes being fixedly connected by fin structure sets center to lead on the hexahedron structure constituted, the top surface of hexahedron structure Hole, heat abstractor is arranged in chimney by connector and positioned at the top of chimney, and the light gathering photovoltaic power generating system includes three Blackbody chamber, solar panel are tieed up, three-dimensional blackbody chamber includes the cylinder at middle part and the cone at two ends, and wherein top is provided with top Hole, solar panel is plated on the inner surface of three-dimensional blackbody chamber, and three-dimensional blackbody chamber is arranged on the hexahedron of fin structure composition In structure, the apical pore position of three-dimensional blackbody chamber is corresponding with the central through hole position of hexahedron top surface.

2. the light gathering photovoltaic power generating system radiator according to claim 1 based on stack effect, it is characterized in that：The cigarette The top of chimney is set to be uniformly arranged honeycomb hole on honeycomb, the cylinder face of honeycomb.

3. the light gathering photovoltaic power generating system radiator according to claim 1 or 2 based on stack effect, it is characterized in that：Even Fitting is U-shape structure, and its openend is provided for the hole of installation bolt, and the inwall of its arc end and chimney is mutually fixed.