CN105784752A - Device, method and system for measuring sintering temperatures of carbonaceous raw materials - Google Patents
Device, method and system for measuring sintering temperatures of carbonaceous raw materials Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 95
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 90
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004380 ashing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011112 process operation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000978776 Senegalia senegal Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002006 petroleum coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010099 solid forming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003476 subbituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/02—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating changes of state or changes of phase; by investigating sintering
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device, a method and a system for measuring sintering temperatures of carbonaceous raw materials, and relates to the field of technologies for measuring sintering temperatures. The device, the method and the system are used for accurately measuring the sintering temperatures of the carbonaceous raw materials. The device for measuring the sintering temperatures of the carbonaceous raw materials comprises a reactor with a horizontal tube, a heating furnace and a pressure difference measuring device. The reactor with the horizontal tube comprises the through sample tube, and a temperature measuring device is mounted in the through sample tube via a sealing fixing component arranged at an end of the through sample tube; a sample loading zone is arranged inside the through sample tube and is positioned between a gas inlet and a gas outlet, and the temperature measuring device is in contact with ash columns in the sample loading zone; the heating furnace sleeves the outer periphery of the through sample tube and corresponds to the sample loading zone; a first pressure interface of the pressure difference measuring device is communicated with the portion, which is positioned on one side of the sample loading zone, of the through sample tube, and a second pressure interface of the pressure difference measuring device is communicated with the portion, which is positioned on the other side of the sample loading zone, of the through sample tube. The device can be used for measuring the sintering temperatures of the carbonaceous raw materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sintering temperature measurement, in particular to a carbonaceous raw material sintering temperature measuring device and a measuring method and a measuring system thereof.
Background
With the continuous development of the chemical industry, carbonaceous raw materials with excellent properties such as stable physicochemical properties and high specific surface area are widely applied in the chemical industry field. The carbonaceous raw material has more complex composition and structure, and is easy to generate slagging phenomenon in the reactor in the application process, and slag blocks generated by the slagging phenomenon can damage the stability of the operation of the reactor, block the channel and influence the normal operation of the reactor; in addition, for the high-temperature high-pressure reactor, safety accidents are easily caused by slagging, and life and property losses are caused.
The slagging degree of different types of carbonaceous raw materials in the process of participating in the reaction is different, and the slagging property of the carbonaceous raw materials is also related to different types of compounds added in the carbonaceous raw materials besides the components of the carbonaceous raw materials, for example, the slagging phenomenon frequently occurs in the combustion and gasification processes of the biomass raw materials in the carbonaceous raw materials because the biomass raw materials contain higher alkali metals or alkaline earth metals; for example, the coal ash particles in the carbonaceous raw material are bonded with each other and slag-bonded due to the addition of alkaline compounds in the combustion and gasification processes; therefore, it is difficult to accurately judge the slagging condition in the reactor.
In the prior art, the ash melting point is generally taken as a basis to judge the slagging property of the carbonaceous raw material, and the judging process is as follows: firstly, preparing a carbonaceous raw material into an ash cone, and then placing the ash cone in an ash melting point tester for ash melting point measurement. However, since the initial deformation temperature in the ash fusion point tester is not the lowest limit temperature of ash agglomeration and slagging (generally, slagging occurs in the reactor at a temperature 200-300 ℃ lower than the ash fusion point), and the sintering temperature of the coal ash is used for determining the ash agglomeration and slagging function, the judgment of the prior art on the slagging characteristic of the carbonaceous raw material based on the ash fusion point is not accurate enough. For the measurement of the sintering temperature, the sintering temperature of the carbonaceous raw material is influenced by a plurality of factors such as reaction pressure, reaction atmosphere and properties of the carbonaceous raw material, and the like, so that the existing measuring device cannot accurately measure the sintering temperature of the carbonaceous raw material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device, a method and a system for measuring the sintering temperature of a carbonaceous raw material, which are used for realizing accurate measurement of the sintering temperature of the carbonaceous raw material.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a first aspect of the present invention provides an apparatus for measuring a sintering temperature of a carbonaceous raw material, comprising: the device comprises a horizontal tube reactor, a heating furnace and a differential pressure measuring device; the horizontal tube reactor comprises a straight-through sample tube provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, sealing fixing pieces are arranged at two ends of the straight-through sample tube, and a temperature measuring device is arranged in the straight-through sample tube through the sealing fixing pieces arranged at one end of the straight-through sample tube; a sample loading area is arranged between the gas inlet and the gas outlet inside the straight-through sample tube, and the temperature measuring device is in contact with an ash column arranged in the sample loading area; the heating furnace is sleeved on the periphery of the straight-through sample tube corresponding to the sample loading area; the first pressure interface of the differential pressure measuring device is communicated with the straight-through sample tube on one side of the sample loading area, and the second pressure interface of the differential pressure measuring device is communicated with the straight-through sample tube on the other side of the sample loading area.
Based on the above technical solution of the apparatus for measuring a sintering temperature of a carbonaceous raw material, a second aspect of the present invention provides a method for measuring a sintering temperature of a carbonaceous raw material, using the apparatus for measuring a sintering temperature of a carbonaceous raw material, the method for measuring a sintering temperature of a carbonaceous raw material comprising the steps of:
101, placing an ash column in a sample loading area in a straight-through sample tube, and contacting the ash column with a temperature measuring device;
102, setting the pressure inside the straight-through sample tube according to the environmental conditions of the actual reaction of the ash column, and heating the sample loading area of the straight-through sample tube by using a heating furnace;
103, selecting corresponding gas according to the reaction atmosphere of the reaction actually participated by the ash column, introducing the gas into the straight-through sample tube from the gas inlet of the straight-through sample tube, and then discharging the gas from the gas outlet of the straight-through sample tube after the gas passes through the ash column;
and 104, acquiring the sintering temperature of the carbonaceous raw material according to the temperature data displayed by the temperature measuring device and the pressure difference data displayed by the pressure difference measuring device.
In view of the above-described configuration of the carbonaceous raw material sintering temperature measuring apparatus, a third aspect of the present invention provides a carbonaceous raw material sintering temperature measuring system including the carbonaceous raw material sintering temperature measuring apparatus.
In the carbonaceous raw material sintering temperature measuring device provided by the invention, an ash column made of carbonaceous raw material is placed in a sample loading area in a straight-through sample tube, and the pressure in the straight-through sample tube can be set as the pressure value of the carbonaceous raw material in actual reaction; heating an ash column placed in a straight-through sample tube by a heating furnace, selecting corresponding gas (which can be mixed gas) according to the reaction atmosphere of the carbonaceous raw material in the actual reaction, enabling the gas to enter the straight-through sample tube from a gas inlet of the straight-through sample tube, and discharging the gas from a gas outlet of the straight-through sample tube after the gas flows through the ash column; because the gas can generate a certain pressure difference when passing through the ash column, the pressure difference measuring device is used for measuring the pressure difference data on the two sides of the ash column, and the curve of the pressure difference changing along with the temperature is obtained by combining the obtained pressure difference data and the temperature data displayed by the temperature measuring device, thereby measuring the sintering temperature of the carbonaceous raw material. Therefore, the device for measuring the sintering temperature of the carbonaceous raw material can comprehensively consider various factors such as the self attribute of the carbonaceous raw material, the reaction pressure, the reaction atmosphere and the like, and realize accurate measurement of the sintering temperature of the carbonaceous raw material; the repeatability of the carbonaceous raw material sintering temperature measuring device is within +/-10 ℃.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for measuring sintering temperature of carbonaceous raw material according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for determining a sintering temperature of a carbonaceous feedstock according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for measuring sintering temperature of carbonaceous feedstock according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-an air inlet, 2-an air outlet,
3-tray, 4-straight-through sample tube,
5-sealing and fixing piece, 6-heating furnace,
7-a differential pressure sensor, 8-a thermocouple,
9-a pressure gauge, 10-a thermocouple tube sleeve,
11-a carbonaceous raw material sintering temperature measuring device, 12-a flow meter,
13-a pressurized water pump, 14-a steam generator,
15-gas mixer, 16-safety valve,
17-a preheater, 18-a gas-liquid separator,
19-dryer, 20-back pressure valve.
Detailed Description
In order to further explain the device for measuring sintering temperature of carbonaceous raw material, the method for measuring sintering temperature of carbonaceous raw material, and the system for measuring sintering temperature of carbonaceous raw material according to the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will be made in detail with reference to the drawings attached to the specification.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, an apparatus 11 for measuring a sintering temperature of a carbonaceous raw material according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a horizontal tube reactor, a heating furnace 6 and a differential pressure measuring device; the horizontal tube reactor comprises a straight-through sample tube 4 provided with an air inlet 1 and an air outlet 2, sealing fixing pieces 5 are arranged at two ends of the straight-through sample tube 4, and the temperature measuring device is arranged in the straight-through sample tube 4 through the sealing fixing pieces 5 arranged at one end of the straight-through sample tube 4; a sample loading area is arranged between the gas inlet 1 and the gas outlet 2 in the straight-through sample tube 4, and the temperature measuring device is contacted with an ash column arranged in the sample loading area; the heating furnace 6 is sleeved on the periphery of the straight-through sample tube 4 corresponding to the sample loading area; a first pressure interface of the differential pressure measuring device is communicated with the straight-through sample tube 4 on one side of the sample loading area, and a second pressure interface of the differential pressure measuring device is communicated with the straight-through sample tube 4 on the other side of the sample loading area.
The carbonaceous raw material sintering temperature measuring device 11 has the specific working process that the sealing fixing piece 5 which is not contacted with the temperature measuring device is firstly detached from the straight-through sample tube 4, then the pre-manufactured ash column is placed in the sample loading area of the straight-through sample tube 4, certain pressure is applied to the ash column to ensure that the ash column is well contacted with the temperature measuring device, and then the detached sealing fixing piece 5 is assembled with the straight-through sample tube 4 again; after the assembly is completed, the pressure inside the straight-through sample tube 4 is set by combining the environmental conditions of the actual reaction of the carbonaceous raw materials, and the heating furnace 6 heats the sample loading area inside the straight-through sample tube 4 according to a set program; then according to the reaction atmosphere (combined with the specific process operation atmosphere) of the reaction actually participated by the carbonaceous raw material, selecting corresponding gas (which can be mixed gas) to be introduced into the sample loading area of the straight-through sample tube 4 from the gas inlet 1 of the straight-through sample tube 4, and after the gas passes through an ash column arranged in the sample loading area, discharging the gas from the straight-through sample tube 4 through the gas outlet 2 of the straight-through sample tube 4. The gas can generate a certain pressure difference when passing through the ash column, the change condition of the pressure difference is observed through the pressure difference measuring device, the temperature of the ash column measured by the temperature measuring device is recorded, and the curve of the pressure difference changing along with the temperature is obtained, so that the sintering temperature is measured.
It should be specially noted that when the gas flows through the ash column, the ash column generates a certain resistance to the gas, so that a pressure difference occurs between two sides of the ash column, the pressure difference measuring device can display corresponding pressure difference data, and as the heating furnace 6 heats the sample loading area, the flow rate and viscosity of the gas increase along with the temperature increase, the resistance drop of the gas flowing through the ash column increases, that is, the pressure difference measured by the pressure difference measuring device increases; in the process of continuously increasing the temperature, the situation that the volume of the ash column is reduced (ash particles are bonded together, the mutual gap is reduced, and the ash column is shrunk) can occur due to the change of the density of the ash column, so that the gap between the ash column and the inner wall of the straight-through sample tube 4 is increased, gas can more easily pass through the ash column, and under the situation, the differential pressure measured by the differential pressure measuring device is suddenly reduced; in the change process of the pressure difference data, the ash column is changed from the normal volume to sintering shrinkage, so that the temperature when the corresponding pressure difference suddenly changes is known as the sintering temperature of the ash.
From the above analysis of the structure and the specific operation of the carbonaceous raw material sintering temperature measuring apparatus 11, it can be obtained: in the carbonaceous material sintering temperature measuring apparatus 11 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the ash column made of the carbonaceous material is placed in the sample loading area in the straight-through sample tube 4, and the pressure in the straight-through sample tube can be set to a pressure value at which the carbonaceous material actually participates in the reaction; heating the ash column placed in the straight-through sample tube 4 by a heating furnace 6, selecting corresponding gas (which can be mixed gas) according to the reaction atmosphere of the carbonaceous raw material in the actual reaction, enabling the gas to enter the straight-through sample tube 4 from a gas inlet 1 of the straight-through sample tube 4, and discharging the gas from a gas outlet 2 of the straight-through sample tube 4 after the gas flows through the ash column; because the gas can generate a certain pressure difference when passing through the ash column, the pressure difference measuring device is used for measuring the pressure difference data on the two sides of the ash column, and the curve of the pressure difference changing along with the temperature is obtained by combining the obtained pressure difference data and the temperature data displayed by the temperature measuring device, thereby measuring the sintering temperature of the carbonaceous raw material. Therefore, the carbonaceous raw material sintering temperature measuring device 11 provided by the embodiment of the invention can comprehensively consider various factors such as the self-attribute of the carbonaceous raw material, the reaction pressure, the reaction atmosphere and the like, and realize accurate measurement of the carbonaceous raw material sintering temperature; the repeatability of the carbonaceous material sintering temperature measuring device 11 is within + -10 ℃.
It should be noted that the ash column may be made of one or more of carbonaceous raw materials such as brown coal, sub-bituminous coal, anthracite, petroleum coke, biomass, and the like, and may be specifically selected in combination with the type of carbonaceous raw material actually used, and no matter which kind of carbonaceous raw material is selected to make the ash column, the carbonaceous raw material sintering temperature measuring apparatus 11 provided in the embodiment of the present invention can obtain the sintering temperature of the carbonaceous raw material in combination with the actual application environment of the carbonaceous raw material, thereby providing guidance for the actual utilization process of the carbonaceous raw material, such as gasification, combustion, and the like, and effectively avoiding the slagging problem in the reactor.
The temperature measuring device provided by the above embodiment has various structures as long as the accurate measurement of the ash column temperature can be realized, and a specific structure of the temperature measuring device is given below to explain the specific working process of the temperature measuring device.
Referring to fig. 1, the temperature measuring device includes a thermocouple 8, and a thermocouple sheath 10 is sleeved on the surface of the thermocouple 8; a tray 3 is arranged on a thermocouple pipe sleeve 10 corresponding to the measuring end of the thermocouple 8, a plurality of vent holes are arranged on the tray 3, and the edge of the tray 3 is contacted with the inner wall of the straight-through sample pipe 4; the thermocouple sleeve 10 corresponding to the measuring end of the thermocouple 8 is in contact with the ash column, and the tray 3 is in contact with the ash column. In addition, a thermocouple 8 and a thermocouple well sheath 10 are installed in the straight-through sample tube 4 by a seal fixing member 5.
Because the temperature measuring device is used for measuring the temperature change of the ash column and correspondingly obtaining temperature data, when the temperature measuring device with the structure is adopted, the thermocouple pipe sleeve 10 corresponding to the measuring end of the thermocouple 8 needs to be in contact with the ash column; in the process of actually measuring the sintering temperature, certain impact force may be generated on the ash column by the gas passing through the ash column, so that the ash column moves along with the flowing direction of the gas and is far away from the measuring end of the thermocouple 8, and the problem that the temperature of the ash column cannot be accurately measured is caused; in order to avoid the problem, the tray 3 is arranged on the thermocouple tube sleeve 10 corresponding to the measuring end of the thermocouple 8, and the edge of the tray 3 is in contact with the inner wall of the straight-through sample tube 4, so that the ash column is ensured to be in good contact with the thermocouple tube sleeve 10 corresponding to the measuring end of the thermocouple 8, and meanwhile, the tray 3 also has a certain blocking effect on the ash column, so that the ash column is well prevented from moving to a position far away from the measuring end of the thermocouple 8 under the action of gas flow.
It should be noted that, in order to ensure the normal circulation of the gas in the through sample tube 4, a plurality of vent holes may be provided on the tray 3, and the size of the vent holes should be as small as possible to ensure the blocking effect of the tray 3 on the ash column. In addition, when the sintering temperature is actually measured, the size of the ash column used is generally about 10mm, so that when the tray 3 is arranged on the thermocouple tube sleeve 10, the distance between the tray 3 and the top of the thermocouple tube sleeve 10 can be set within 10mm, and more preferably within 6mm, in this case, even if the pressure applied to the ash column is large, the measuring end of the thermocouple 8 cannot penetrate through the ash column, namely, the temperature of the ash column can be accurately measured, and the measuring end of the thermocouple 8 and the corresponding thermocouple tube sleeve 10 appropriately extend into the ash column, so that the measuring result of the temperature of the ash column can be more accurate.
The above-mentioned tray 3's variety is various, and is preferred, uses metal sintered plate tray, because metal sintered plate has good withstand voltage, corrosion-resistant, wear-resisting and resistant air impact property, consequently uses metal sintered plate tray can better realization to the measurement of the sintering temperature of carbonaceous raw materials. The tray 3 can be disposed on the thermocouple well sheath 10 corresponding to the measuring end of the thermocouple 8 by welding, but is not limited thereto.
When the straight-through sample tube 4 mentioned in the above embodiment is used, the straight-through sample tube 4 with corresponding size and material can be selected according to the actual measurement requirement, preferably, the material of the straight-through sample tube 4 can be stainless steel (such as 2520 material, NS112, etc.), the inner diameter of the straight-through sample tube 4 can be 5mm-15mm, more preferably 8mm-12mm, and the length of the straight-through sample tube 4 can be 50cm-100 cm; the highest working temperature of the straight-through sample tube 4 can reach 1000 ℃, and the highest working pressure can reach 4MPa, so as to meet the requirements on harsh conditions such as high temperature and high pressure.
In order to ensure that gas can well flow in from the gas inlet 1 of the straight-through sample tube 4 and flow out from the gas outlet 2 of the straight-through sample tube 4, sealing fixing pieces 5 are required to be arranged at two ends of the straight-through sample tube 4, and the sealing fixing pieces 5 have good sealing performance and can also play a role in fixing the thermocouple 8 and the thermocouple tube sleeve 10; preferably, select for use fixed cutting ferrule as sealing fixing spare 5, this kind of fixed cutting ferrule can with through sample tube 4 threaded connection, has guaranteed good sealing performance, and this kind of fixed cutting ferrule convenient to detach moreover for put into the operation in through sample tube with the ash column, and carry out abluent operation to the inside of through sample tube and become easier.
Referring to fig. 1, the heating furnace 6 used in the above embodiment is of various types, and preferably, a multistage temperature-controlled electric heating furnace is used, which not only has a fast temperature-rising speed, but also has a multistage temperature-controlling function. When a multi-section temperature control type electric heating furnace is used for heating a sample loading area inside the through sample tube 4, a plurality of thermocouples 8, such as T1, T2 and T3 in fig. 1, can be arranged outside the through sample tube 4 corresponding to the sample loading area, the temperature of the corresponding area inside the through sample tube 4 is accurately measured through the thermocouples 8, and whether the temperature of the heating furnace 6 needs to be adjusted or not is judged according to the obtained temperature data inside the through sample tube 4, so that the original sintering temperature of the carbon is more accurately measured.
It should be noted that all the thermocouples 8 mentioned in the above embodiments are preferably armored thermocouples, and since the armored thermocouples have a series of advantages of being bendable, high-pressure resistant, short in response time, sturdy and durable, accurate measurement of temperature can be achieved, and accuracy of measurement results is guaranteed; of course, the method is not limited to the selection of the sheathed thermocouple, and the thermocouple 8 can be selected as long as the temperature and pressure conditions inside the straight-through sample tube can be met.
The differential pressure measuring device provided by the above embodiment may be a differential pressure transmitter or a differential pressure gauge, and may also specifically include a differential pressure sensor 7 and a pressure gauge 9 connected to each other, a first pressure interface of the differential pressure sensor 7 is communicated with the through sample tube 4 on one side of the sample loading area, a second pressure interface of the differential pressure sensor 7 is communicated with the through sample tube 4 on the other side of the sample loading area, the differential pressure sensor 7 obtains the differential pressure on both sides of the sample loading area through measurement of the first pressure interface and the second pressure interface, and displays corresponding differential pressure data through the pressure gauge 9, so as to be used by a worker.
Referring to fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for measuring a sintering temperature of a carbonaceous raw material, where the method for measuring a sintering temperature of a carbonaceous raw material uses the apparatus 11 for measuring a sintering temperature of a carbonaceous raw material provided in the foregoing embodiment, and the method for measuring a sintering temperature of a carbonaceous raw material includes the following steps:
step 101, the ash column is placed in the sample loading area in the straight-through sample tube 4 and is contacted with a temperature measuring device.
Step 102, setting the pressure inside the through sample tube 4 according to the environmental conditions of the reaction actually participated by the ash column, and heating the sample loading area of the through sample tube 4 by the heating furnace 6.
103, selecting corresponding gas according to the reaction atmosphere of the reaction actually participated by the ash column, introducing the gas into the straight-through sample tube 4 from the gas inlet 1 of the straight-through sample tube 4, and then discharging the gas from the gas outlet 2 of the straight-through sample tube 4 after the gas passes through the ash column.
And 104, acquiring the sintering temperature of the carbonaceous raw material according to the temperature data displayed by the temperature measuring device and the pressure difference data displayed by the pressure difference measuring device.
Since the method for measuring the sintering temperature of the carbonaceous raw material is implemented by using the device for measuring the sintering temperature of the carbonaceous raw material, the beneficial effects of the method are the same as those of the device for measuring the sintering temperature of the carbonaceous raw material, and the details are not repeated herein.
In order to more clearly illustrate the method for measuring the sintering temperature of the carbonaceous raw material provided in the above examples, specific examples are given below.
The first embodiment is as follows:
firstly, according to the industrial analysis method of standard GB/T212-2008 coal and the NY/T1881.5-2010 biomass solid forming fuel test method, ashing treatment is carried out on a carbonaceous raw material, the specific ashing temperature and procedure can be determined according to the properties of the carbonaceous raw material, for example, ashing treatment is carried out at a lower ashing temperature if the carbonaceous raw material contains volatile substances or elements, so that the loss of certain substances in the carbonaceous raw material is avoided, and the test result is distorted.
After ashing, a certain amount of ash sample (0.8g-2g, preferably 1g-1.5g) is weighed, a small amount of gum arabic solution is added for shaping, and then the ash sample is added into a circular mold of a tablet press with a certain size, wherein the size of the mold can be determined by combining the inner diameter of the straight-through sample tube 4, namely the sizes of the two are kept consistent. Keeping the compression stress of the ash column on a tablet press to be 1MPa-20MPa, and pressing for 1min-10min to finish the manufacture of the ash column; of course, a glass tube having the same diameter as the inner diameter of the straight-through sample tube 4 may be used as a mold to form an ash column having a predetermined size.
And (3) detaching the sealing fixing piece 5 which is not contacted with the temperature measuring device from the straight-through sample tube 4, placing the ash column in a sample loading area above the tray 3, and pressing the ash column tightly to ensure that the sleeve of the thermocouple 8 is closely contacted with the ash column, thereby ensuring that the thermocouple 8 can measure the real temperature of the ash column.
And setting the pressure inside the straight-through sample tube 4 by combining with the specific process operation condition, introducing a certain amount of preheated mixed gas into the straight-through sample tube 4 through the gas inlet 1 of the straight-through sample tube 4, and simultaneously starting a starting procedure to heat the straight-through sample tube 4. The gas flows through an ash column arranged in the straight-through sample tube 4 and then is discharged through the gas outlet 2. The gas can generate a certain pressure difference when passing through the ash column, the pressure difference measuring device is used for instantly observing the change of the pressure difference, simultaneously recording the temperature measured by the thermocouple 8 for measuring the temperature of the ash column, and drawing a curve of the pressure difference along with the change of the temperature, thereby measuring the sintering temperature of the carbonaceous raw material.
Referring to fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a system for measuring a sintering temperature of a carbonaceous raw material, including the apparatus 11 for measuring a sintering temperature of a carbonaceous raw material. The system for measuring the sintering temperature of the carbonaceous raw material further comprises a multi-path air inlet system and an air-liquid separation system, wherein the multi-path air inlet system is communicated with an air inlet 1 of a straight-through sample tube 4 in the device 11 for measuring the sintering temperature of the carbonaceous raw material, and the air-liquid separation system is communicated with an air outlet 2 of the straight-through sample tube 4.
The multi-path air inlet system specifically comprises an air supply device, an air mixer 15 and a preheater 17 which are connected in sequence; the preheater 17 is communicated with the air inlet 1 of the straight-through sample tube 4; wherein, the gas supply unit includes: a vapor inlet device and one or more gas paths, wherein the gas path(s) is/are combined with the specific process, namely the gas pathsThe circulated gas is the gas (for example, H) generated in the actual reaction system2、CO、N2、O2、CO2、CH4Etc.); when liquid is generated in the actual reaction system, the steam inlet device comprises a pressure water pump 13 and a steam generator 14, the steam generator 14 is connected with a gas mixer 15, and the liquid is converted into steam through the pressure water pump 13 and the steam generator 14 in sequence and then is introduced into the gas mixer 15. The gas-liquid separation system comprises a gas-liquid separator 18, a dryer 19 and a back pressure valve 20 which are connected in sequence; the gas-liquid separator 18 is communicated with the gas outlet 2 of the straight-through sample tube 4.
Because the mixed gas provided by the gas mixer 15 has a certain humidity, if the mixed gas is directly introduced into the carbonaceous raw material sintering temperature measuring device 11, the measurement of the sintering temperature is influenced to a certain extent, and therefore, the preheater 17 is introduced between the gas mixer 15 and the carbonaceous raw material sintering temperature measuring device 11, a certain drying effect can be achieved on the mixed gas, and the accuracy of the measurement result is ensured.
It should be noted that, in order to ensure the safety of the system for measuring the sintering temperature of the carbonaceous raw material, safety valves 16 may be provided on both the preheater and the device for measuring the sintering temperature of the carbonaceous raw material 11, and such safety valves 16 can automatically trip to avoid the damage of the equipment in the system due to overpressure in case of an excessive pressure in the system.
In the carbonaceous raw material sintering temperature measuring system provided in the above embodiment, the carbonaceous raw material sintering temperature measuring device 11 is combined with a reaction system in which a carbonaceous raw material is actually applied, gas generated in the actual reaction system is introduced into the gas mixer 15 through a corresponding gas path, and liquid generated in the actual reaction system is introduced into the gas mixer 15 through the pressurizing water pump 13 and the steam generator 14 in sequence; and setting the pressure in the straight-through sample tube to a pressure value at which the carbonaceous raw material actually participates in the reaction; the heating furnace 6 is controlled by combining with the actual operation condition to heat the ash column (made of carbon raw materials used actually) placed in the straight-through sample tube 4; mixed gas obtained by mixing the gas mixer 15 passes through a preheater 17 and then is introduced into the straight-through sample tube 4; because the gas can generate a certain pressure difference when passing through the ash column, the pressure difference measuring device is used for measuring the pressure difference data on the two sides of the ash column, and the curve of the pressure difference changing along with the temperature is obtained by combining the obtained pressure difference data and the temperature data displayed by the temperature measuring device, thereby measuring the sintering temperature of the carbonaceous raw material. Therefore, the system for measuring the sintering temperature of the carbonaceous raw material provided by the embodiment of the invention can comprehensively consider various factors such as the self-attribute of the carbonaceous raw material, the reaction pressure, the reaction atmosphere and the like, and realize accurate measurement of the sintering temperature of the carbonaceous raw material; and the repeatability of the carbonaceous raw material sintering temperature measuring system is within +/-10 ℃.
With continued reference to fig. 3, specific examples are given below for a detailed description of the operation of the system for measuring the sintering temperature of the carbonaceous material.
Example two:
the carbonaceous raw material sintering temperature measuring system specifically comprises: the system comprises a multi-path air inlet system (comprising three air paths, a pressurizing water pump 13 and a steam generator 14), a gas mixer 15, a preheater 17, a carbonaceous raw material sintering temperature measuring device 11 and a gas-liquid separation system (comprising a gas-liquid separator 18, a dryer 19 and a back pressure valve 20). The concrete connection mode is as follows: the three gas paths are respectively connected with the inlet of a gas mixer 15, and the inlets of the pressurizing water pump 13, the steam generator 14 and the gas mixer 15 are sequentially connected; an outlet of the gas mixer 15, a preheater 17, a carbonaceous raw material sintering temperature measuring device 11, a gas-liquid separator 18, a dryer 19 and a back pressure valve 20 are connected in sequence; the preheater 17 and the carbonaceous material sintering temperature measuring device 11 are provided with safety valves 16.
Firstly, the carbonaceous raw material is subjected to ashing treatment to prepare an ash column, the ash column is placed in a sample loading area in a straight-through sample tube 4, the air in the straight-through sample tube 4 is replaced by nitrogen, the interior of the straight-through sample tube 4 is pressurized, and a back pressure valve 20 is adjusted to stabilize the pressure of a carbonaceous raw material sintering temperature measuring system at a specified reverse pressureUnder the pressure (specifically combining the actual use process and operation conditions of the carbonaceous raw material), the preheater 17 and the heating furnace 6 are simultaneously started, the temperature in the straight-through sample tube 4 reaches 300 ℃, the pressurizing water pump 13 and the air inlet valves of all gas paths are started, and a certain amount of water vapor and H are controlled by the flowmeter 122CO and N2And the mixed gas enters a mixer to obtain mixed gas, the mixed gas then enters a preheater 17 to be preheated, and the preheated mixed gas enters the straight-through sample tube 4 in the carbonaceous raw material sintering temperature measuring device 11. The straight-through sample tube 4 is heated according to a set program, and simultaneously, a valve of a differential pressure measuring device in the carbonaceous raw material sintering temperature measuring device 11 is opened, so that the differential pressure measuring device is in a working state. Because the preheated mixed gas can generate a certain pressure difference when passing through the ash column, the change of the pressure difference is instantly observed by the pressure difference measuring device, so that a curve of the pressure difference changing along with the temperature is obtained, and the sintering temperature of the carbonaceous raw material is measured. The preheated mixed gas flows through an ash column arranged in the straight-through sample pipe 4 and then is discharged out of the straight-through sample pipe 4, the mixed gas discharged out of the straight-through sample pipe 4 is cooled in a subsequent pipeline to obtain liquid-containing gas, the liquid-containing gas passes through a gas-liquid separator 18 and then is separated from liquid phase water and discharged, the gas with a small amount of water is introduced into a dryer 19 for drying, and finally the obtained dried gas is decompressed through a backpressure valve 20 and then is discharged to the air.
In the foregoing description of embodiments, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (16)
1. A carbonaceous material sintering temperature measuring device is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a horizontal tube reactor, a heating furnace and a differential pressure measuring device; wherein,
the horizontal tube reactor comprises a straight-through sample tube provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, sealing fixing pieces are arranged at two ends of the straight-through sample tube, and a temperature measuring device is arranged in the straight-through sample tube through the sealing fixing pieces arranged at one end of the straight-through sample tube; a sample loading area is arranged between the gas inlet and the gas outlet inside the straight-through sample tube, and the temperature measuring device is in contact with an ash column arranged in the sample loading area;
the heating furnace is sleeved on the periphery of the straight-through sample tube corresponding to the sample loading area;
the first pressure interface of the differential pressure measuring device is communicated with the straight-through sample tube on one side of the sample loading area, and the second pressure interface of the differential pressure measuring device is communicated with the straight-through sample tube on the other side of the sample loading area.
2. A carbonaceous raw material sintering temperature measuring apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said temperature measuring means comprises a thermocouple, a thermocouple socket being fitted on a surface of said thermocouple;
a tray is arranged on the thermocouple pipe sleeve corresponding to the measuring end of the thermocouple, a plurality of vent holes are formed in the tray, and the edge of the tray is in contact with the inner wall of the straight-through sample pipe; the thermocouple pipe sleeve corresponding to the measuring end of the thermocouple is in contact with the ash column, and the tray is in contact with the ash column.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the thermocouple is an armored thermocouple.
4. The apparatus for measuring sintering temperature of carbonaceous raw material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the straight-through sample tube has an inner diameter of 8mm to 12 mm.
5. The apparatus for measuring sintering temperature of carbonaceous raw material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the length of the straight-through sample tube is 50cm to 100 cm.
6. The carbonaceous raw material sintering temperature measuring device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the maximum operating temperature of the straight-through sample tube is 1000 ℃; the highest working pressure of the straight-through sample tube is 4 MPa.
7. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sealing fixture is a fixing collar, and the fixing collar is screwed to the through sample tube.
8. The apparatus for measuring a sintering temperature of a carbonaceous raw material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heating furnace is a multistage temperature-controlled electric heating furnace.
9. The carbonaceous raw material sintering temperature measuring device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the differential pressure measuring device comprises a differential pressure sensor and a pressure gauge connected to each other, a first pressure port of the differential pressure sensor is communicated with the through sample tube on one side of the sample loading area, and a second pressure port of the differential pressure sensor is communicated with the through sample tube on the other side of the sample loading area.
10. A method for measuring a sintering temperature of a carbonaceous raw material, wherein the sintering temperature of the carbonaceous raw material is measured by using the apparatus for measuring a sintering temperature of a carbonaceous raw material according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the method for measuring a sintering temperature of a carbonaceous raw material comprises the steps of:
101, placing an ash column in a sample loading area in a straight-through sample tube, and contacting the ash column with a temperature measuring device;
102, setting the pressure inside the straight-through sample tube according to the environmental conditions of the actual reaction of the ash column, and heating the sample loading area of the straight-through sample tube by using a heating furnace;
103, selecting corresponding gas according to the reaction atmosphere of the reaction actually participated by the ash column, introducing the gas into the straight-through sample tube from the gas inlet of the straight-through sample tube, and then discharging the gas from the gas outlet of the straight-through sample tube after the gas passes through the ash column;
and 104, acquiring the sintering temperature of the carbonaceous raw material according to the temperature data displayed by the temperature measuring device and the pressure difference data displayed by the pressure difference measuring device.
11. A carbonaceous raw material sintering temperature measuring system comprising the carbonaceous raw material sintering temperature measuring apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
12. The system for measuring a sintering temperature of a carbonaceous raw material according to claim 11, further comprising a multi-path gas inlet system and a gas-liquid separation system, wherein the multi-path gas inlet system is communicated with a gas inlet of a straight-through sample tube in the carbonaceous raw material sintering temperature measuring device, and the gas-liquid separation system is communicated with a gas outlet of the straight-through sample tube.
13. The system for measuring sintering temperature of carbonaceous raw material according to claim 12, wherein the multi-path gas inlet system comprises a gas supply device, a gas mixer and a preheater which are connected in sequence; the preheater is communicated with the air inlet of the straight-through sample tube.
14. The system for measuring sintering temperature of carbonaceous feedstock according to claim 13, wherein the gas supply means comprises: the steam air inlet device and one or more air paths; the vapor inlet device is connected with the gas mixer, and one or more gas paths are connected with the gas mixer.
15. The carbonaceous feedstock sintering temperature measurement system of claim 14, wherein the steam inlet means comprises: the steam generator is connected with the gas mixer.
16. The carbonaceous feedstock sintering temperature measurement system according to claim 12, wherein the gas-liquid separation system comprises a gas-liquid separator, a dryer, and a back pressure valve connected in this order; the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the gas outlet of the straight-through sample tube.
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