CN105781125A - Installation method for assembly type building - Google Patents
Installation method for assembly type building Download PDFInfo
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- CN105781125A CN105781125A CN201610121326.9A CN201610121326A CN105781125A CN 105781125 A CN105781125 A CN 105781125A CN 201610121326 A CN201610121326 A CN 201610121326A CN 105781125 A CN105781125 A CN 105781125A
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 163
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims 18
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims 7
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 241001149930 Protura <class> Species 0.000 claims 2
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 16
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 14
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000009422 external insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011372 high-strength concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
- E04B1/541—Joints substantially without separate connecting elements, e.g. jointing by inter-engagement
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G3/00—Scaffolds essentially supported by building constructions, e.g. adjustable in height
- E04G3/20—Scaffolds essentially supported by building constructions, e.g. adjustable in height supported by walls
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- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种装配式建筑的安装方法，先根据图纸位置高度安装预埋件、地脚螺栓和连接筋，加固后浇筑混凝土；然后安装首层竖向构件预制墙板以及预制柱，再安装首层水平构件，再安装上层预制墙板、预制构造柱，最后浇筑混凝土，依次循环作业至结构封顶。本发明的安装方法具有施工快速、安全可靠、质量有保障，效率高，大大缩短施工工期，工厂预制节约材料和人工电费成本，可以进行精准安装，降低安全隐患，减少工地施工产生的污水、废料、垃圾、粉尘、噪音、运输对空气环境的污染，保护环境。The invention discloses an installation method of a prefabricated building. Firstly, the embedded parts, anchor bolts and connecting bars are installed according to the position height of the drawings, and then concrete is poured after reinforcement; Install the horizontal components on the first floor, then install the prefabricated wall panels and prefabricated structural columns on the upper floor, and finally pour concrete, and then cycle the work until the structure is capped. The installation method of the present invention has the advantages of fast construction, safety and reliability, guaranteed quality, high efficiency, greatly shortened construction period, factory prefabrication saves material and labor electricity costs, can carry out precise installation, reduces potential safety hazards, and reduces sewage and waste generated by construction sites , Garbage, dust, noise, transportation pollution to the air environment, and protect the environment.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及建筑技术领域，具体是一种装配式建筑的安装方法。The invention relates to the technical field of buildings, in particular to a method for installing a prefabricated building.
背景技术Background technique
目前，现有的装配式建筑，存在结构整体性差，自重大，抗震性低，造价高的问题，具体问题如下：At present, the existing prefabricated buildings have the problems of poor structural integrity, heavy weight, low earthquake resistance, and high cost. The specific problems are as follows:
(1)墙板采用钢筋套筒灌浆连接方式或螺栓连接还有焊接(墙板预埋钢板与结构预埋件焊接连接)的方式，存在连接强度低整体连接性差(墙板底部水平缝不能连接)的问题；(1) The wall panel is connected by steel sleeve grouting or bolted connection and welding (the embedded steel plate of the wall panel is welded and connected with the embedded structural parts), which has low connection strength and poor overall connectivity (the horizontal seam at the bottom of the wall panel cannot be connected) )The problem;
(2)楼板采用叠合板二次浇注的方式装配造成厚度与重量增加；(2) The floor slab is assembled by double pouring of laminated slabs, resulting in increased thickness and weight;
(3)墙板没有安装定位装置造成安装施工效率慢；(3) Wall panels are not installed with positioning devices, resulting in slow installation and construction efficiency;
(4)套筒连接及叠合板二次浇注和墙板外保护层混凝土即增加建筑本身自重又增加了成本，还降低了抗震等级，因此需要对现有装配式建筑的安装方法进行改进。(4) The sleeve connection and the secondary pouring of the laminated slabs and the concrete of the outer protective layer of the wall panels not only increase the self-weight of the building itself but also increase the cost, and also reduce the earthquake resistance level. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the installation method of the existing prefabricated buildings.
而现有装配式建筑安装连接方式采用以下方式进行安装：The existing prefabricated building installation and connection methods are installed in the following ways:
(1)预制墙板安装连接(1) Installation and connection of prefabricated wall panels
11)采用钢筋套筒灌浆连接方式：墙板底部植入连接套筒与预制连接筋连接，即底部连接筋插入连接套筒内然后在套筒内注入灌浆料，利用漏浆料将套筒与钢筋粘合连接；11) The connection method of steel bar sleeve grouting is adopted: the connecting sleeve is implanted at the bottom of the wallboard to connect with the prefabricated connecting rib, that is, the bottom connecting rib is inserted into the connecting sleeve and then grouting material is injected into the sleeve, and the sleeve and the prefabricated connecting rib are connected by using the grout leakage material. Rebar bonded connections;
12)螺栓连接方式：即墙板预埋钢板连接件用螺栓连接方式；12) Bolt connection method: that is, the bolt connection method for the pre-embedded steel plate connector of the wallboard;
以上连接方式存在以下缺点：①连接点少连接强度低；②上下墙板连接缝不能有效结合，结构整体性、抗震性能差；③易渗水；④施工性差(受连接筋位移影响安装时插入套筒困难效率低)；The above connection methods have the following disadvantages: ① few connection points and low connection strength; ② the connection joints of the upper and lower wall panels cannot be effectively combined, and the structural integrity and seismic performance are poor; ③ easy to seep water; The tube is difficult and the efficiency is low);
(2)预制楼板安装连接(2) Installation and connection of prefabricated floor slabs
现有装配式建筑一般采用预制叠合楼板，即在工厂将楼板预制一半厚度然后在施工现场浇筑另一半厚度。此工艺随能够节省现浇楼板模板，但这种连接方式存在如下问题：①用料成本增加(叠合板厚度一般大于现浇楼板厚度≥20％)；②用工成本增加；③吊装运输成本增加；④质量隐患，二次浇筑造成开裂、空鼓、结合整体性差的问题。Existing prefabricated buildings generally use prefabricated laminated floor slabs, that is, half the thickness of the floor slab is prefabricated in the factory and the other half thickness is poured on the construction site. This process can save cast-in-place slab templates, but this connection method has the following problems: ①The cost of materials increases (the thickness of the laminated slab is generally greater than the thickness of the cast-in-place slab by ≥ 20%); ②The labor cost increases; ③The hoisting and transportation costs increase; ④ Poor quality, secondary pouring causes cracking, hollowing, and poor bonding integrity.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种装配式建筑的安装方法，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。The object of the present invention is to provide a method for installing a prefabricated building, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
一种装配式建筑的安装方法，具体步骤如下：A method for installing a prefabricated building, the specific steps are as follows:
根据图纸位置高度安装预埋件、地脚螺栓和预制墙板连接筋、预制柱连接筋，加固后浇筑混凝土；Install embedded parts, anchor bolts, prefabricated wall panels and prefabricated column connections according to the position and height of the drawings, and pour concrete after reinforcement;
第一步、第一层竖向构件安装：预制墙板、预制柱安装The first step, the installation of vertical components on the first floor: installation of prefabricated wall panels and prefabricated columns
(1)预制墙板安装(1) Installation of prefabricated wall panels
11)安装墙板底部支撑架：将墙板底部支撑架下端的安装定位孔与预埋安装定位装置的定位孔对准合格后用螺栓紧固；11) Install the bottom support frame of the wall panel: Align the installation positioning hole at the lower end of the bottom support frame of the wall panel with the positioning hole of the pre-embedded installation positioning device and fasten with bolts;
12)绑扎墙板下端现浇梁钢筋笼：按设计要求与技术规程规范施工，将墙板连接筋置于钢筋笼内；12) Binding the cast-in-place beam reinforcement cage at the lower end of the wall panel: construct according to the design requirements and technical regulations, and place the wall panel connecting bars in the reinforcement cage;
13)吊装就位：通过吊装机将预制墙体吊至安装位置垂直正上空垂直降落，控制速度及位置的移动，接近安装位置后由人工推拉到安装位置垂直上空，然后将定位装置锥头插入定位孔，通过定位装置将预制墙体安装就位，墙板底部连接筋置于现浇梁钢筋笼内；13) Hoisting in place: hoist the prefabricated wall to the vertical sky above the installation position by the hoisting machine, control the movement of speed and position, push and pull it manually to the vertical sky above the installation position after approaching the installation position, and then insert the cone head of the positioning device Positioning holes, the prefabricated wall is installed in place through the positioning device, and the connecting ribs at the bottom of the wall panels are placed in the cast-in-place beam reinforcement cage;
14)墙板与墙板底部支撑架连接：将支撑架上端与墙板安装装置用螺栓紧固；14) The wall panel is connected with the support frame at the bottom of the wall panel: fasten the upper end of the support frame with the wall panel installation device with bolts;
15)安装墙板斜支撑：斜支撑杆一端用螺栓与墙体连接，另一端用螺栓与地板或楼板预埋件连接固定，调整墙板垂直度，调整垂直度合格后将连接螺栓紧固，使墙体稳固保证施工安全；15) Install the oblique support of the wall panel: one end of the oblique support rod is connected to the wall with bolts, and the other end is connected to the floor or the embedded parts of the floor with bolts, and the verticality of the wallboard is adjusted. After the verticality is qualified, the connecting bolts are tightened. Make the wall stable to ensure construction safety;
16)连接筋连接：斜支撑杆加固合格后，将墙板下端竖向连接筋与基础墙板连接筋进行连接；16) Connecting bar connection: After the oblique support rod is qualified, connect the vertical connecting bar at the lower end of the wallboard to the connecting bar of the foundation wallboard;
17)墙板顶部临时水平支架安装：墙板垂直度验收合格后安装墙板顶部临时水平支架，用连接支架将相邻墙体连接成整体相互支撑，防止浇筑时移位变形；17) Temporary horizontal bracket installation at the top of the wall panel: Install the temporary horizontal bracket at the top of the wall panel after the verticality of the wall panel is accepted, and use the connecting bracket to connect the adjacent walls to support each other as a whole to prevent displacement and deformation during pouring;
18)墙板与墙板/柱的连接：(A)墙板与墙板、柱采用一字型连接、L型连接、T型连接或十字型连接；(B)墙板与梁的连接采用墙板与现浇梁连接，或墙板与预制梁连接的方式进行连接；18) The connection between the wall panel and the wall panel/column: (A) the wall panel and the wall panel and the column adopt a straight connection, an L-shaped connection, a T-shaped connection or a cross-shaped connection; (B) the connection between the wall panel and the beam adopts Wall panels are connected to cast-in-place beams, or wall panels are connected to prefabricated beams;
19)外墙脚手架安装：将配套的脚手架用螺栓安装固定在外墙上，方便外墙施工作业；19) Installation of external wall scaffolding: install and fix the supporting scaffolding on the external wall with bolts to facilitate the construction of the external wall;
(2)预制柱安装(2) Prefabricated column installation
21)安装柱底部支撑架：将柱底部支撑架下端的安装定位孔与预埋安装定位装置的定位孔对准合格后用螺栓紧固；21) Install the support frame at the bottom of the column: Align the positioning hole at the lower end of the support frame at the bottom of the column with the positioning hole of the pre-embedded installation positioning device and fasten with bolts;
22)吊装就位：其过程与预制墙板的就位过程相同；22) Hoisting in place: the process is the same as that of prefabricated wall panels;
23)预制柱与支撑架连接：将支撑架上端与预制柱底部安装装置用螺栓紧固；23) Connection of prefabricated column and support frame: fasten the upper end of the support frame and the installation device at the bottom of the prefabricated column with bolts;
24)安装斜支撑：斜支撑杆一端用螺栓与预制柱预留螺栓连接，另一端用螺栓与地板/楼板预埋件连接固定，调整预制柱的垂直度，调整垂直度合格后将连接螺栓紧固，保证施工安全；24) Install the oblique support: One end of the oblique support rod is connected with the reserved bolts of the prefabricated column with bolts, and the other end is connected with the floor/floor embedded parts with bolts, and the verticality of the prefabricated column is adjusted. After the verticality is qualified, the connecting bolts are tightened. Solid to ensure construction safety;
25)连接筋连接：斜支撑加固合格后将预制柱下端连接筋与基础柱连接筋进行连接；25) Connection of connecting bars: After the oblique support is qualified, connect the connecting bars at the lower end of the prefabricated column with the connecting bars of the foundation column;
(3)安装构件顶部水平支撑：墙板与墙板、墙板与预制柱、预制柱与预制柱顶部通过安装水平支撑进行加固；(3) Horizontal support on the top of the installation component: wall panels and wall panels, wall panels and prefabricated columns, prefabricated columns and the top of prefabricated columns are reinforced by installing horizontal supports;
(4)钢筋绑扎与预埋管线铺设(4) Steel bar binding and pre-buried pipeline laying
41)基础钢筋绑扎：按设计要求与施工规范绑扎钢筋操作；41) Binding of basic steel bars: according to design requirements and construction specifications, the operation of binding steel bars;
42)墙板与墙板间现浇混凝土柱钢筋绑扎：按设计要求与施工规范操作并将墙板连接筋植入钢筋笼内；42) Binding of cast-in-place concrete column reinforcement between wall panels and wall panels: operate according to design requirements and construction specifications and implant wall panel connecting bars into reinforcement cages;
43)墙板与预制柱连接部位钢筋绑扎：按设计要求与施工规范操作并将墙板连接筋植入钢筋笼内；43) Binding of steel bars at the connection between wall panels and prefabricated columns: operate according to the design requirements and construction specifications and implant the wall panel connection bars into the reinforcement cage;
44)墙板底部连接筋置于墙板底部现浇梁的钢筋笼内，通过现浇混凝土浇筑将墙板与底梁连接成整体；44) The connecting rib at the bottom of the wall panel is placed in the reinforcement cage of the cast-in-place beam at the bottom of the wall panel, and the wall panel and the bottom beam are connected as a whole by pouring in-situ concrete;
45)现浇构造柱钢筋绑扎，将相邻的预制墙体连接筋置于构造柱钢筋笼内形成整体结构，现浇构造柱竖向钢筋长度高于本层高度≥200mm，且与上层构造柱连接；45) The cast-in-place structural column reinforcement is bound, and the adjacent prefabricated wall connecting bars are placed in the structural column reinforcement cage to form an overall structure. connect;
46)预制柱钢筋与基础梁及墙板钢筋绑扎成整体；46) The prefabricated column reinforcement is bound together with the foundation beam and wall panel reinforcement;
47)预埋管线安装：将预埋管线按照设计要求安装就位；47) Pre-buried pipeline installation: install the pre-buried pipeline in place according to the design requirements;
(5)模具安装：钢筋绑扎验收合格后进行模具安装，模具安装采用与墙体预制件连接方式或现浇穿墙螺栓紧固的两种方式安装；(5) Mold installation: The mold installation shall be carried out after the steel bar binding is accepted and accepted, and the mold installation shall be installed in two ways of connecting with the wall prefabricated parts or fastening with cast-in-place through-wall bolts;
51)内墙模具安装前先采取密封处理措施防止漏浆；51) Before installing the interior wall mold, take sealing measures to prevent slurry leakage;
52)外墙模具安装前先安装梁及柱外保温预制保温板，并在接缝做防止漏浆密封处理措施后安装模具；52) Before installing the external wall mold, install the prefabricated insulation board for the external insulation of beams and columns, and install the mold after taking measures to prevent slurry leakage at the joints;
53)对外墙进行密封防水防漏浆处理；53) Carry out sealing, waterproof and anti-leakage slurry treatment on the outer wall;
(6)混凝土浇筑：墙板模具安装验收合格后进行混凝土浇筑施工并安装楼板支撑架固定预埋件；(6) Concrete pouring: Concrete pouring construction shall be carried out after the installation and acceptance of the wall panel mold is qualified, and the floor support frame shall be installed to fix the embedded parts;
61)水平面作业浇筑：对基础、墙板底部与现浇梁、预制柱底部、基础、楼板以及屋面板进行浇筑；61) Pouring in horizontal plane: pouring the foundation, the bottom of the wall panel and the cast-in-place beam, the bottom of the prefabricated column, the foundation, the floor slab and the roof slab;
62)竖向作业浇筑：墙板与墙板连接浇筑，墙板与柱连接浇筑；62) Vertical operation pouring: wall panel and wall panel connection pouring, wall panel and column connection pouring;
63)脱模：混凝土凝结后将模具脱离即可；63) Demoulding: After the concrete is set, the mold can be separated;
第二步、第一层水平构件安装The second step, the installation of horizontal components on the first floor
(1)预制梁安装(1) Prefabricated beam installation
11)安装支撑架：(A)保证支架立杆垂直度；支架底座位置必须与梁的安装定位装置在同一轴线且保持垂直同心度；(B)支架与相邻墙体及构造柱的连接支撑加固，保证水平连接与斜支撑及竖向支撑稳固安全；(C)调整支撑架高度：调整支撑架上端连接头高度，使预制梁安装后高度符合要求；11) Install the support frame: (A) ensure the verticality of the support pole; the position of the support base must be on the same axis as the installation and positioning device of the beam and maintain vertical concentricity; (B) the connection support between the support and the adjacent wall and structural column Reinforcement to ensure the stability and safety of the horizontal connection, oblique support and vertical support; (C) Adjust the height of the support frame: adjust the height of the connection head at the upper end of the support frame so that the height of the prefabricated beam meets the requirements after installation;
12)吊装就位：通过吊装机将预制梁吊至安装位置垂直正上空垂直降落，控制速度及位置的移动，接近安装位置后由人工推拉到安装位置垂直上空，然后将定位装置锥头插入定位孔，通过定位装置将预制梁安装就位；12) Hoisting in place: hoist the prefabricated beam to the vertical sky above the installation position by the hoisting machine, control the speed and position movement, push and pull it to the vertical sky above the installation position after approaching the installation position, and then insert the cone head of the positioning device into the positioning holes, install the prefabricated beams in place through the positioning device;
13)预制梁与支撑架连接固定：预制梁安装就位后将定位装置与支架用螺栓连接紧固；13) The connection and fixation of the prefabricated beam and the support frame: After the prefabricated beam is installed in place, the positioning device and the bracket are fastened with bolts;
(2)楼板安装(2) Floor installation
21)安装支撑架：楼板的支撑架安装步骤与预制梁的支撑架的安装步骤相同；21) Install the support frame: the installation steps of the support frame of the floor are the same as the installation steps of the support frame of the prefabricated beam;
22)吊装楼板就位：其过程同预制梁的就位步骤相同；22) Hoisting floor slabs in place: the process is the same as that of prefabricated beams;
23)预制楼板与支撑架连接固定：预制楼板安装就位后将定位装置与支架用螺栓连接紧固；23) The connection and fixation of the prefabricated floor slab and the support frame: after the prefabricated floor slab is installed in place, fasten the positioning device and the bracket with bolts;
24)楼板连接筋绑扎连接：将楼板连接筋置于相邻楼板、预制墙板、预制梁及预制柱的钢筋笼内进行绑扎连接；24) Binding connection of floor connecting bars: place the floor connecting bars in the reinforcement cages of adjacent floors, prefabricated wall panels, prefabricated beams and prefabricated columns for binding connection;
25)墙板上端现浇梁钢筋笼绑扎：按设计要求及施工规范施工墙板连接筋置于钢筋笼内；25) Binding of steel cages for cast-in-place beams at the top of the wall panels: according to the design requirements and construction specifications, the connecting bars of the construction wall panels are placed in the steel cages;
(3)预制空调板安装(3) Installation of prefabricated air conditioning panels
(31)安装支撑架：预制空调板的支撑架安装过程同预制梁的支撑架的安装过程相同；(31) Install the support frame: the installation process of the support frame of the prefabricated air-conditioning panel is the same as that of the prefabricated beam support frame;
(32)吊装空调板就位：其过程同预制梁的就位过程相同；(32) Hoisting air-conditioning panels in place: the process is the same as that of prefabricated beams;
(33)预制空调板与支撑架连接固定：预制楼板安装就位后将定位装置与支架用螺栓连接紧固；(33) The prefabricated air-conditioning panel is connected and fixed with the support frame: after the prefabricated floor is installed in place, the positioning device and the bracket are fastened with bolts;
(34)空调板连接筋绑扎连接：将空调板连接筋与相邻楼板、梁及柱进行绑扎连接；(34) Binding connection of air-conditioning panel connecting ribs: binding and connecting the connecting ribs of air-conditioning panels with adjacent floors, beams and columns;
(4)预制阳台以及楼梯的安装按照上述步骤(3)的步骤进行安装；(4) The installation of prefabricated balconies and stairs shall be installed according to the steps of the above step (3);
第三步、第二层竖向构件安装：安装上层预制墙板以及预制柱The third step, the installation of vertical components on the second floor: install the upper prefabricated wall panels and prefabricated columns
(1)第一层水平构件安装完成确认合格后，即安装第二层竖向构件；(1) After the installation of the horizontal components of the first layer is completed and confirmed to be qualified, the vertical components of the second layer shall be installed;
(2)第二层竖向构件的安装步骤与第一层预制墙板以及预制柱的安装步骤相同；(2) The installation steps of the second layer of vertical components are the same as those of the first layer of prefabricated wall panels and prefabricated columns;
(3)钢筋绑扎与铺设预埋管件：上层墙板、柱安装完成后将墙板、柱、梁及楼板的钢筋进行整体连接绑扎；(3) Binding of steel bars and laying of pre-embedded pipe fittings: After the installation of the upper wall panels and columns is completed, the steel bars of the wall panels, columns, beams and floors are integrally connected and tied;
31)上下墙板间梁的钢筋用环形套子钢筋绑扎固定形成钢筋笼，墙板连接筋植入钢筋笼内；31) The steel bars of the beams between the upper and lower wall panels are bound and fixed with annular sleeve steel bars to form a steel bar cage, and the wall panel connecting bars are implanted in the steel bar cage;
32)两墙板间构造柱钢筋用钢筋套子绑扎成钢筋笼，墙板两侧连接筋植入钢筋笼内与构造柱形成整体结构；32) The steel bars of the structural columns between the two wall panels are bound into a steel cage with steel bar sleeves, and the connecting bars on both sides of the wall panels are implanted in the steel cages to form an integral structure with the structural columns;
33)每层墙板顶部连接筋与上层墙板底部及楼板、梁、柱连接筋钢筋连接，浇筑混凝土形成整体结构；33) The top connecting bar of each wall panel is connected with the bottom of the upper wall panel and the connecting bars of the floor, beam and column, and the concrete is poured to form the overall structure;
34)现浇构造柱钢筋绑扎，将相邻的预制墙体连接筋置于构造柱钢筋笼内形成整体结构，现浇构造柱竖向钢筋长度高于本层高度≥200mm和上层构造柱连接；34) The reinforcement of the cast-in-place structural column is bound, and the adjacent prefabricated wall connecting bars are placed in the steel cage of the structural column to form an overall structure. The length of the vertical reinforcement of the cast-in-place structural column is higher than the height of this floor ≥ 200mm and connected with the upper structural column;
35)预制柱钢筋与基础梁及墙板钢筋绑扎成整体；35) The prefabricated column reinforcement is bound together with the foundation beam and wall panel reinforcement;
36)一个房间是一块整体楼板的，将楼板四周的连接筋与墙板、圈梁、柱的钢筋进行连接即可；36) A room is a whole floor, just connect the connecting ribs around the floor with the steel bars of the wall panels, ring beams, and columns;
37)一个房间是两块或多块预制楼板的，将四周与圈梁相邻的连接筋与圈梁连接绑扎，楼板与楼板之间为加强结构，加设纵向受力钢筋与楼板的连接筋绑扎形成整体结构；37) If a room has two or more prefabricated floors, connect and tie the connecting bars adjacent to the ring beams around the ring beams, and the reinforcement structure is between the floors, and the longitudinal force reinforcement is added to bind the connecting bars of the floors to form the whole frame;
38)将预埋管线按照设计要求安装就位；38) Install the embedded pipeline in place according to the design requirements;
(4)模具安装：钢筋绑扎验收合格后进行模具安装，安装前做密封处理措施防止漏浆，模具安装采用与墙体预制件连接方式或现浇穿墙螺栓紧固的两种方式；(4) Mold installation: Mold installation shall be carried out after the steel bar binding is accepted and accepted, and sealing measures shall be taken before installation to prevent grout leakage. The mold installation adopts two methods of connection with wall prefabricated parts or fastening of cast-in-place through-wall bolts;
41)内墙直接延预制墙板边缘、楼板边缘处粘贴泡沫密封胶条防止漏浆；41) The inner wall is directly extended to the edge of the prefabricated wall panel and the edge of the floor is pasted with a foam sealing strip to prevent grout leakage;
42)圈梁外侧模具安装前，先安装预制保温板并做密封处理防止漏浆；42) Before installing the outer mold of the ring beam, install the prefabricated insulation board and do sealing treatment to prevent slurry leakage;
第四步、浇筑混凝土：先浇筑平面接口部分后浇筑竖向接口部分The fourth step, pouring concrete: first pour the plane interface part and then pour the vertical interface part
(1)平面接口浇筑：浇筑墙板底部圈梁、楼板间、预制柱底部接口现浇混凝土；(1) Plane interface pouring: pouring in-situ concrete for the ring beam at the bottom of the wall panel, between the floor slabs, and the interface at the bottom of the prefabricated column;
(2)竖向接口浇筑：墙板间现浇构造柱部分，墙板与柱连接部分现浇混凝土；(2) Vertical interface pouring: cast-in-place structural column parts between wall panels, and cast-in-place concrete for the connection between wall panels and columns;
(3)脱模：混凝土凝结后将模具脱离即可；(3) Demoulding: After the concrete is set, the mold can be separated;
(4)循环作业：第一层竖向构件安装完成，先浇筑基础梁、楼板平面混凝土再浇筑立面柱混凝土，然后安装第一层楼板，第一层楼板安装后即安装第二层预制墙板及预制柱，第二层预制墙板、预制柱安装完成后，再浇筑第一层楼板、预制梁的接口和第二层预制墙板连接柱接口；然后安装第二层楼板，第二层楼板安装后，即安装第三层预制墙板、预制柱，第三层预制墙板、预制柱安装完成后，再浇筑第二层楼板、预制梁接口和第三层预制墙板柱接口，依次循环作业至结构封顶。(4) Cyclic operation: After the installation of the vertical components on the first floor is completed, the foundation beams and floor plane concrete are first poured, and then the facade column concrete is poured, and then the first floor slab is installed. After the first floor slab is installed, the second floor prefabricated wall is installed slabs and prefabricated columns, after the installation of the prefabricated wall panels and prefabricated columns on the second floor is completed, pour the interface of the first floor slab, prefabricated beams and the interface of the second floor prefabricated wall panels to the connecting columns; then install the second floor slab, the second floor After the floor slab is installed, install the third layer of prefabricated wall panels and prefabricated columns. After the third layer of prefabricated wall panels and prefabricated columns are installed, pour the second floor, prefabricated beam joints and the third layer of prefabricated wall panel column joints, in order Cycle operation until the structure is capped.
作为本发明进一步方案：所述第一步、第一层竖向构件预制墙板以及预制柱的安装中，步骤(5)中的模具安装中，对外墙进行密封防水防漏浆处理包括(A)横缝处理：保温预制板制作时四面侧口加工预留搭接企口，安装时嵌入止水泡沫棒并用密封胶勾缝；(B)竖缝处理：保温预制板制作时四面侧口加工预留搭接企口，安装时嵌入止水泡沫棒并用密封胶勾缝。As a further solution of the present invention: in the first step, in the installation of the first layer of vertical member prefabricated wall panels and prefabricated columns, in the mold installation in step (5), the sealing, waterproof and leakproof grout treatment of the outer wall includes (A ) Horizontal seam treatment: when the thermal insulation prefabricated panel is produced, the four side openings are processed to reserve lap joints, and the water-stop foam rod is embedded during installation and jointed with sealant; (B) Vertical joint treatment: the four sides are processed when the thermal insulation prefabricated panel is produced Reserve lap grooves, insert water-stop foam sticks and joint with sealant during installation.
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：本发明的安装方法采用整体预制(墙板、楼板)混凝土浇筑连接的方式，使墙板、楼板等构件与结构梁、柱连接成整体结构，具有施工快速、安全可靠、质量有保障，效率高，大大缩短施工工期，工厂预制节约材料和人工电费成本，可以进行精准安装，降低安全隐患，减少工地施工产生的污水、废料、垃圾、粉尘、噪音、运输对空气环境的污染，保护环境，解决了现有装配技术结构整体性差、自重大、抗震性低、造价高的问题。Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is: the installation method of the present invention adopts the way of integral prefabricated (wall panels, floor slabs) concrete pouring and connection, so that components such as wall panels and floor slabs are connected with structural beams and columns to form an integral structure , with fast construction, safe and reliable, guaranteed quality, high efficiency, greatly shortening the construction period, factory prefabrication saves material and labor electricity costs, can be accurately installed, reduces safety hazards, and reduces sewage, waste, garbage, and dust generated by construction sites , noise, and transportation pollution to the air environment, protect the environment, and solve the problems of poor structural integrity, heavy weight, low earthquake resistance, and high cost in the existing assembly technology.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
根据图纸位置高度安装预埋件、地脚螺栓和预制墙板连接筋、预制柱连接筋，加固后浇筑混凝土；Install embedded parts, anchor bolts, prefabricated wall panels and prefabricated column connections according to the position and height of the drawings, and pour concrete after reinforcement;
第一步、第一层竖向构件安装：预制墙板、预制柱安装The first step, the installation of vertical components on the first floor: installation of prefabricated wall panels and prefabricated columns
(1)预制墙板安装：安装墙板底部支撑架、绑扎现浇梁钢筋笼、吊装就位、墙板与墙板底部支撑架连接、安装墙板斜支撑、连接筋连接、现浇混凝土梁/柱钢筋绑扎、安装墙板顶部临时固定水平支架、安装施工脚手架、安装模具；(1) Prefabricated wall panel installation: install the bottom support frame of the wall panel, bind the steel cage of the cast-in-place beam, hoist it in place, connect the wall panel with the bottom support frame of the wall panel, install the diagonal support of the wall panel, connect the connecting bars, and cast-in-place concrete beam / Column steel bar binding, installation of temporary fixed horizontal brackets on top of wall panels, installation of construction scaffolding, installation of moulds;
11)安装墙板底部支撑架：将墙板底部支撑架下端的安装定位孔与预埋安装定位装置的定位孔对准合格后用螺栓紧固；11) Install the bottom support frame of the wall panel: Align the installation positioning hole at the lower end of the bottom support frame of the wall panel with the positioning hole of the pre-embedded installation positioning device and fasten with bolts;
12)绑扎墙板下端现浇梁钢筋笼：按设计要求与技术规程规范施工，将墙板连接筋置于钢筋笼内；12) Binding the cast-in-place beam reinforcement cage at the lower end of the wall panel: construct according to the design requirements and technical regulations, and place the wall panel connecting bars in the reinforcement cage;
13)吊装就位：通过吊装机将预制墙体吊至安装位置垂直正上空垂直降落(高于安装现场以安装墙板或其他物体，防止碰撞保证安全)，听从现场指挥控制速度及位置的移动，接近安装位置后由人工推拉到安装位置垂直上空，然后将定位装置锥头插入定位孔，通过定位装置将预制墙体安装就位，墙板底部连接筋置于现浇梁钢筋笼内；13) Hoisting in place: use the hoisting machine to hoist the prefabricated wall to the installation position and land vertically directly above it (higher than the installation site to install wall panels or other objects, to prevent collisions and ensure safety), follow the on-site command to control the movement of speed and position After approaching the installation position, manually push and pull to the vertical sky above the installation position, then insert the cone head of the positioning device into the positioning hole, install the prefabricated wall in place through the positioning device, and place the connecting ribs at the bottom of the wall panel in the cast-in-place beam reinforcement cage;
14)墙板与墙板底部支撑架连接：将支撑架上端与墙板安装装置用螺栓紧固；14) The wall panel is connected with the support frame at the bottom of the wall panel: fasten the upper end of the support frame with the wall panel installation device with bolts;
15)安装墙板斜支撑：安装斜支撑杆，支撑杆一端用螺栓与墙体连接，另一端用螺栓与地板或楼板预埋件连接固定，调整墙板垂直度，调整垂直度合格后将连接螺栓紧固，使墙体稳固保证施工安全；15) Install the diagonal support of the wallboard: install the diagonal support rod, one end of the support rod is connected with the wall with bolts, and the other end is connected with the floor or the embedded parts of the floor with bolts, and the verticality of the wallboard is adjusted. After the verticality is qualified, the connection The bolts are fastened to make the wall stable and ensure construction safety;
16)连接筋连接：斜支撑杆加固合格后，将墙板下端竖向连接筋与基础墙板连接筋进行绑扎、焊接以及冷压连接；16) Connection of connecting ribs: After the oblique support rods are reinforced, the vertical connecting ribs at the lower end of the wall panels and the connecting ribs of the foundation wall panels are bound, welded and cold-pressed;
17)墙板顶部临时水平支架安装：墙板垂直度验收合格后安装墙板顶部临时水平支架，用连接支架将相邻墙体连接成整体相互支撑，防止浇筑时移位变形；17) Temporary horizontal bracket installation at the top of the wall panel: Install the temporary horizontal bracket at the top of the wall panel after the verticality of the wall panel is accepted, and use the connecting bracket to connect the adjacent walls to support each other as a whole to prevent displacement and deformation during pouring;
18)墙板与墙板/柱的连接：18) Connection of wall panels to wall panels/columns:
①墙板与墙板/柱采用一字型连接、L型连接、T型连接或.十字型连接；①The wall panel and the wall panel/column adopt a straight connection, an L-shaped connection, a T-shaped connection or a cross-shaped connection;
②墙板与梁的连接采用墙板与现浇梁连接，或墙板与预制梁连接的方式进行连接；② The connection between the wall panel and the beam is connected by the connection between the wall panel and the cast-in-place beam, or the connection between the wall panel and the prefabricated beam;
19)外墙脚手架安装：将专用脚手架用螺栓安装固定在外墙上，方便外墙施工作业(钢筋绑扎、模板安装、空调板/阳台安装等外墙作业)；19) Installation of external wall scaffolding: install and fix special scaffolding on the external wall with bolts to facilitate external wall construction operations (reinforcement binding, formwork installation, air-conditioning board/balcony installation, etc. external wall operations);
(2)预制柱安装(2) Prefabricated column installation
21)安装柱底部支撑架：将柱底部支撑架下端的安装定位孔与预埋安装定位装置的定位孔对准合格后用螺栓紧固；21) Install the support frame at the bottom of the column: Align the positioning hole at the lower end of the support frame at the bottom of the column with the positioning hole of the pre-embedded installation positioning device and fasten with bolts;
22)吊装就位：通过吊装机将预制柱吊至安装位置垂直正上空(高于安装现场以安装墙板或其他物体，防止碰撞保证安全)垂直降落，听从现场指挥控制速度及位置的移动，接近安装位置后由人工推拉到安装位置垂直上空，然后将定位装置锥头插入定位孔，通过定位装置将预制墙体安装就位；22) Hoisting in place: hoist the prefabricated column to the vertical sky above the installation position by the hoisting machine (higher than the installation site to install wall panels or other objects, prevent collisions and ensure safety) and land vertically, follow the on-site command to control the movement of speed and position, After approaching the installation position, manually push and pull to the vertical sky above the installation position, then insert the cone head of the positioning device into the positioning hole, and install the prefabricated wall in place through the positioning device;
23)预制柱与支撑架连接：将支撑架上端与预制柱底部安装装置用螺栓紧固；23) Connection of prefabricated column and support frame: fasten the upper end of the support frame and the installation device at the bottom of the prefabricated column with bolts;
24)安装斜支撑：安装斜支撑固定杆，支撑杆一端用螺栓与预制柱预留螺栓连接，另一端用螺栓与地板/楼板预埋件连接固定，调整预制柱的垂直度，调整垂直度合格后将连接螺栓紧固，保证施工安全；24) Install oblique support: install the oblique support fixing rod, one end of the support rod is connected with the reserved bolt of the prefabricated column with bolts, and the other end is connected with the floor/floor embedded parts with bolts, adjust the verticality of the prefabricated column, and the verticality is qualified Finally, tighten the connecting bolts to ensure construction safety;
25)连接筋连接：斜支撑加固合格后将预制柱下端连接筋与基础柱连接筋进行绑扎、焊接以及冷压连接；25) Connection of connecting bars: After the inclined support is qualified, the connecting bars at the lower end of the precast column and the connecting bars of the foundation column are bound, welded and cold-pressed;
(3)安装构件顶部水平支撑：墙板与墙板、墙板与预制柱、预制柱与预制柱顶部安装水平支撑加固；(3) Install the horizontal support on the top of the component: install horizontal support and reinforcement on the top of wall panels and wall panels, wall panels and prefabricated columns, prefabricated columns and prefabricated columns;
(4)钢筋绑扎与预埋管线铺设：按照设计要求与施工规范绑扎钢筋(4) Steel bar binding and pre-embedded pipeline laying: Binding steel bars according to design requirements and construction specifications
41)基础钢筋绑扎：按设计要求与施工规范操作；41) Binding of basic steel bars: operate according to design requirements and construction specifications;
42)墙板与墙板间现浇混凝土柱钢筋绑扎：按设计要求与施工规范操作并将墙板连接筋植入钢筋笼内；42) Binding of cast-in-place concrete column reinforcement between wall panels and wall panels: operate according to design requirements and construction specifications and implant wall panel connecting bars into reinforcement cages;
43)墙板与预制柱连接部位钢筋绑扎：按设计要求与施工规范操作并将墙板连接筋植入钢筋笼内；43) Binding of steel bars at the connection between wall panels and prefabricated columns: operate according to the design requirements and construction specifications and implant the wall panel connection bars into the reinforcement cage;
44)墙板底部连接筋置于墙板底部现浇梁的钢筋笼内，通过现浇混凝土浇筑将墙板与底梁连接成整体；44) The connecting rib at the bottom of the wall panel is placed in the reinforcement cage of the cast-in-place beam at the bottom of the wall panel, and the wall panel and the bottom beam are connected as a whole by pouring in-situ concrete;
45)现浇构造柱钢筋绑扎，将相邻的预制墙体连接筋置于构造柱钢筋笼内进行绑扎/焊接形成整体结构，现浇构造柱竖向钢筋长度高于本层高度≥200mm(按设计要求)和上层构造柱连接；45) The cast-in-place structural column reinforcement is bound, and the adjacent prefabricated wall connecting bars are placed in the structural column reinforcement cage for binding/welding to form an overall structure. design requirements) and superstructure column connection;
46)预制柱钢筋与基础/梁/墙板钢筋绑扎成整体。46) Prefabricated column reinforcement and foundation/beam/wall panel reinforcement are bound together as a whole.
47)预埋管线安装：将预埋管线(水、电、暖、通讯等管线预埋件)按照设计要求安装就位；47) Pre-buried pipeline installation: install the pre-buried pipelines (water, electricity, heating, communication and other pipeline embedded parts) in place according to the design requirements;
(5)模具安装：钢筋绑扎验收合格后进行模具安装，模具安装采用与墙体预制件连接方式或现浇穿墙螺栓紧固的两种方式安装；(5) Mold installation: The mold installation shall be carried out after the steel bar binding is accepted and accepted, and the mold installation shall be installed in two ways of connecting with the wall prefabricated parts or fastening with cast-in-place through-wall bolts;
51)内墙模具安装前先采取密封处理措施防止漏浆；51) Before installing the interior wall mold, take sealing measures to prevent slurry leakage;
52)外墙模具安装前先安装梁/柱外保温预制保温板，并在接缝做防止漏浆密封处理措施后安装模具；52) Before installing the external wall mold, install the beam/column external insulation prefabricated insulation board, and install the mold after sealing the joints to prevent slurry leakage;
53)外墙密封防水防漏浆处理措施：53) Treatment measures for external wall sealing waterproof and anti-leakage slurry:
①横缝处理措施：保温预制板制作时四面侧口加工预留搭接企口，安装时嵌入止水泡沫棒并用密封胶勾缝；①Treatment measures for transverse joints: When making thermal insulation prefabricated panels, the four side openings are processed to reserve lap joints, and when installing, insert water-stop foam rods and use sealant to joint;
②竖缝处理措施：保温预制板制作时四面侧口加工预留搭接企口，安装时嵌入止水泡沫棒并用密封胶勾缝；②Treatment measures for vertical joints: During the production of thermal insulation prefabricated panels, the four-sided side openings are processed to reserve lap joints, and water-stop foam rods are embedded during installation and jointed with sealant;
(6)混凝土浇筑：墙板模具安装验收合格后进行混凝土浇筑施工并安装楼板支撑架固定预埋件(6) Concrete pouring: Concrete pouring construction shall be carried out after the installation and acceptance of the wall panel mold is qualified, and the floor support frame shall be installed to fix the embedded parts
61)水平面作业浇筑：基础、墙板底部与现浇梁、预制柱底部浇筑、基础、楼板以及屋面板；61) Pouring in horizontal plane: foundation, bottom of wall panels and cast-in-place beams, bottom pouring of prefabricated columns, foundation, floor slab and roof slab;
62)竖向作业浇筑：墙板与墙板连接浇筑，墙板与柱连接浇筑；62) Vertical operation pouring: wall panel and wall panel connection pouring, wall panel and column connection pouring;
63)脱模：混凝土凝结后将模具脱离即可；63) Demoulding: After the concrete is set, the mold can be separated;
第二步、第一层水平构件安装The second step, the installation of horizontal components on the first floor
(1)预制梁安装：安装支撑架、吊装就位、预制梁与支撑架连接固定(1) Prefabricated beam installation: install the support frame, hoist it in place, connect and fix the prefabricated beam with the support frame
11)安装支撑架：A.保证支架立杆垂直度；支架底座位置必须与梁的安装定位装置在同一轴线且保持垂直同心度；11) Install the support frame: A. Ensure the verticality of the support pole; the position of the support base must be on the same axis as the installation and positioning device of the beam and maintain vertical concentricity;
B.支架与相邻墙体/构造柱的连接支撑加固，保证水平连接与斜支撑/竖向支撑稳固安全；B. The connection support between the bracket and the adjacent wall/structural column is reinforced to ensure the stability and safety of the horizontal connection and the oblique support/vertical support;
C.调整支撑架高度：调整支撑架上端连接头高度，使预制梁安装后高度符合要求；C. Adjust the height of the support frame: adjust the height of the upper end of the support frame to make the height of the prefabricated beam meet the requirements after installation;
12)吊装预制梁就位：通过吊装机将预制梁吊至安装位置垂直正上空(高于安装现场以安装墙板或其他物体，防止碰撞保证安全)垂直降落，听从现场指挥控制速度及位置的移动，接近安装位置后由人工推拉到安装位置垂直上空，然后通过定位装置将预制梁安装就位(将定位装置锥头插入定位孔)；12) Hoisting the prefabricated beams into place: hoist the prefabricated beams to the vertical sky above the installation position by the hoisting machine (higher than the installation site to install wall panels or other objects, prevent collisions and ensure safety) and land vertically, follow the on-site command to control the speed and position Move, close to the installation position, manually push and pull to the vertical sky above the installation position, and then install the prefabricated beam in place through the positioning device (insert the cone head of the positioning device into the positioning hole);
13)预制梁与支撑架连接固定：预制梁安装就位后将定位装置与支架用螺栓连接紧固；13) The connection and fixation of the prefabricated beam and the support frame: After the prefabricated beam is installed in place, the positioning device and the bracket are fastened with bolts;
(2)楼板安装：安装支撑架、吊装就位、楼板与支撑架连接固定(2) Floor installation: install the support frame, hoist it in place, connect and fix the floor with the support frame
21)安装支撑架：A.保证支架立杆垂直度；支架底座位置必须与梁的安装定位装置在同一轴线且保持垂直同心度；21) Install the support frame: A. Ensure the verticality of the support pole; the position of the support base must be on the same axis as the installation and positioning device of the beam and maintain vertical concentricity;
B.支架与相邻墙体/构造柱的连接支撑加固，保证水平连接与斜支撑/竖向支撑稳固安全；B. The connection support between the bracket and the adjacent wall/structural column is reinforced to ensure the stability and safety of the horizontal connection and the oblique support/vertical support;
C.调整支撑架高度：调整支撑架上端连接头高度，使预制楼板安装后高度应高于预制墙体底部高度≥5mm以保证混凝土浇筑和墙体顶部的紧密结合无缝隙；C. Adjust the height of the support frame: adjust the height of the connection head at the upper end of the support frame so that the height of the prefabricated floor slab after installation should be higher than the height of the bottom of the prefabricated wall ≥ 5mm to ensure that the concrete pouring and the top of the wall are tightly combined without gaps;
22)吊装楼板就位：通过吊装机将楼板吊至安装位置垂直正上空(高于安装现场以安装墙板或其他物体，防止碰撞保证安全)垂直降落，听从现场指挥控制速度及位置的移动，接近安装位置后由人工推拉到安装位置垂直上空，然后通过定位装置将预制楼板安装就位(将定位装置锥头插入定位孔)；22) Hoist the floor in place: use the hoist to hoist the floor to the vertical sky above the installation position (higher than the installation site to install wall panels or other objects, prevent collisions and ensure safety) and land vertically, follow the on-site command to control the movement of speed and position, After approaching the installation position, manually push and pull to the vertical sky above the installation position, and then install the prefabricated floor in place through the positioning device (insert the cone head of the positioning device into the positioning hole);
23)预制楼板与支撑架连接固定：预制楼板安装就位后将定位装置与支架用螺栓连接紧固；23) The connection and fixation of the prefabricated floor slab and the support frame: after the prefabricated floor slab is installed in place, fasten the positioning device and the bracket with bolts;
24)楼板连接筋绑扎连接：将楼板连接筋置于相邻楼板、预制墙板、预制梁及预制柱的钢筋笼内进行绑扎(焊接/冷压)连接；24) Binding connection of floor connecting bars: place the floor connecting bars in the reinforcement cages of adjacent floors, prefabricated wall panels, prefabricated beams and prefabricated columns for binding (welding/cold pressing) connection;
25)墙板上端现浇梁钢筋笼绑扎：按设计要求及施工规范施工墙板连接筋置于钢筋笼内；25) Binding of steel cages for cast-in-place beams at the top of the wall panels: according to the design requirements and construction specifications, the connecting bars of the construction wall panels are placed in the steel cages;
(3)预制空调板安装：安装支撑架、吊装就位、空调板与支撑架连接固定(3) Installation of prefabricated air-conditioning panels: install the support frame, hoist it in place, connect and fix the air-conditioning panel and the support frame
(31)安装支撑架(31) Install the support frame
(A)保证支架立杆垂直度；支架底座位置必须与梁的安装定位装置在同一轴线且保持垂直同心度；(A) Ensure the verticality of the support pole; the position of the support base must be on the same axis as the installation and positioning device of the beam and maintain vertical concentricity;
(B)支架与相邻墙体/构造柱的连接支撑加固，保证水平连接与斜支撑/竖向支撑稳固安全；(B) The connection support between the bracket and the adjacent wall/structural column is reinforced to ensure the stability and safety of the horizontal connection and the oblique support/vertical support;
(C)调整支撑架高度：调整支撑架上端连接头高度，使预制空调板安装后高度符合要求；(C) Adjust the height of the support frame: adjust the height of the connection head at the upper end of the support frame so that the height of the prefabricated air-conditioning panel meets the requirements after installation;
(32)吊装空调板就位：通过吊装机将空调板吊至安装位置垂直正上空(高于安装现场以安装墙板或其他物体，防止碰撞保证安全)垂直降落，听从现场指挥控制速度及位置的移动，接近安装位置后由人工推拉到安装位置垂直上空，然后通过定位装置将预制空调板安装就位(将定位装置锥头插入定位孔)；(32) Hoist the air-conditioning panel in place: use the hoist to hoist the air-conditioning panel to the vertical sky above the installation position (higher than the installation site to install wall panels or other objects, prevent collisions and ensure safety) and land vertically, follow the on-site command to control the speed and position After approaching the installation position, manually push and pull it to the vertical sky above the installation position, and then install the prefabricated air-conditioning panel in place through the positioning device (insert the cone head of the positioning device into the positioning hole);
(33)预制空调板与支撑架连接固定：预制楼板安装就位后将定位装置与支架用螺栓连接紧固；(33) The prefabricated air-conditioning panel is connected and fixed with the support frame: after the prefabricated floor is installed in place, the positioning device and the bracket are fastened with bolts;
(34)空调板连接筋绑扎连接：将空调板连接筋与相邻楼板/梁/柱进行焊接、冷压绑扎连接；(34) Binding connection of air-conditioning panel connection bars: welding and cold-press binding connection of air-conditioning panel connection bars with adjacent floors/beams/columns;
(4)预制阳台以及楼梯的安装按照上述步骤(3)的步骤进行安装；(4) The installation of prefabricated balconies and stairs shall be installed according to the steps of the above step (3);
第三步、第二层竖向构件安装：安装上层预制墙板以及预制柱The third step, the installation of vertical components on the second floor: install the upper prefabricated wall panels and prefabricated columns
(1)第一层水平构件安装完成确认合格后，即安装第二层竖向构件；(1) After the installation of the horizontal components of the first layer is completed and confirmed to be qualified, the vertical components of the second layer shall be installed;
(2)第二层竖向构件的安装步骤与第一层预制墙板以及预制柱的安装步骤相同；(2) The installation steps of the second layer of vertical components are the same as those of the first layer of prefabricated wall panels and prefabricated columns;
(3)钢筋绑扎与铺设预埋管件：上层墙板、柱安装完成后将墙板、柱、梁及楼板的钢筋进行整体连接绑扎；(3) Binding of steel bars and laying of pre-embedded pipe fittings: After the installation of the upper wall panels and columns is completed, the steel bars of the wall panels, columns, beams and floors are integrally connected and tied;
31)上下墙板间梁的钢筋用环形套子钢筋绑扎固定形成钢筋笼，墙板连接筋植入钢筋笼内；31) The steel bars of the beams between the upper and lower wall panels are bound and fixed with annular sleeve steel bars to form a steel bar cage, and the wall panel connecting bars are implanted in the steel bar cage;
32)两墙板间构造柱钢筋用钢筋套子绑扎成钢筋笼，墙板两侧连接筋植入钢筋笼内与构造柱形成整体结构；32) The steel bars of the structural columns between the two wall panels are bound into a steel cage with steel bar sleeves, and the connecting bars on both sides of the wall panels are implanted in the steel cages to form an integral structure with the structural columns;
33)每层墙板顶部连接筋与上层墙板底部及楼板、梁/柱连接筋钢筋连接(浇筑混凝土形成整体结构)；33) The top connecting bar of each wall panel is connected with the bottom of the upper wall panel and the connecting bar of the floor and beam/column (casting concrete to form the overall structure);
34)现浇构造柱钢筋绑扎，将相邻的预制墙体连接筋置于构造柱钢筋笼内进行绑扎/焊接形成整体结构，现浇构造柱竖向钢筋长度高于本层高度≥200mm(按设计要求)和上层构造柱连接；34) The cast-in-place structural column reinforcement is bound, and the adjacent prefabricated wall connecting bars are placed in the structural column reinforcement cage for binding/welding to form an overall structure. design requirements) and superstructure column connection;
35)预制柱钢筋与基础/梁/墙板钢筋绑扎成整体；35) The prefabricated column reinforcement and the foundation/beam/wall panel reinforcement are bound into a whole;
36)一个房间是一块整体楼板的，将楼板四周的连接筋与墙板/圈梁/柱的钢筋进行连接即可(连接筋插入圈梁钢筋笼内)；36) A room is a whole floor, just connect the connecting bars around the floor with the steel bars of the wall/ring beam/column (the connecting bars are inserted into the ring beam reinforcement cage);
37)一个房间是两块或多块预制楼板的，将四周与圈梁相邻的连接筋与圈梁连接绑扎，楼板与楼板之间为加强结构，加设纵向受力钢筋与楼板的连接筋绑扎形成整体结构；37) If a room has two or more prefabricated floors, connect and tie the connecting bars adjacent to the ring beams around the ring beams, and the reinforcement structure is between the floors, and the longitudinal force reinforcement is added to bind the connecting bars of the floors to form the whole frame;
38)将预埋管线(水、电、暖、通讯)按照设计要求安装就位；38) Install the embedded pipelines (water, electricity, heating, communication) in place according to the design requirements;
(4)模具安装：钢筋绑扎验收合格后进行模具安装，安装前做密封处理措施防止漏浆，模具安装采用与墙体预制件连接方式或现浇穿墙螺栓紧固的两种方式；(4) Mold installation: Mold installation shall be carried out after the steel bar binding is accepted and accepted, and sealing measures shall be taken before installation to prevent grout leakage. The mold installation adopts two methods of connection with wall prefabricated parts or fastening of cast-in-place through-wall bolts;
41)内墙直接延预制墙板边缘/楼板边缘处粘贴泡沫密封胶条防止漏浆；41) The inner wall is directly extended to the edge of the prefabricated wall panel/the edge of the floor to paste the foam sealing strip to prevent grout leakage;
42)圈梁外侧模具安装前，先安装预制保温板并做密封处理防止漏浆；42) Before installing the outer mold of the ring beam, install the prefabricated insulation board and do sealing treatment to prevent slurry leakage;
第四步、浇筑混凝土：先浇筑平面接口部分后浇筑竖向接口部分The fourth step, pouring concrete: first pour the plane interface part and then pour the vertical interface part
(1)平面接口浇筑：浇筑墙板底部圈梁、楼板间、预制柱底部接口现浇混凝土；(1) Plane interface pouring: pouring in-situ concrete for the ring beam at the bottom of the wall panel, between the floor slabs, and the interface at the bottom of the prefabricated column;
(2)竖向接口浇筑：墙板间现浇构造柱部分，墙板与柱连接部分现浇混凝土；(2) Vertical interface pouring: cast-in-place structural column parts between wall panels, and cast-in-place concrete for the connection between wall panels and columns;
(3)脱模：混凝土凝结后将模具脱离即可；(3) Demoulding: After the concrete is set, the mold can be separated;
(4)循环作业：第一层竖向构件安装完成，先浇筑基础梁、楼板平面混凝土再浇筑立面柱混凝土，然后安装第一层楼板，第一层楼板安装后即安装第二层预制墙板及预制柱，第二层预制墙板、预制柱安装完成后，再浇筑第一层楼板、预制梁的接口和第二层预制墙板连接柱接口；然后安装第二层楼板，第二层楼板安装后，即安装第三层预制墙板、预制柱，第三层预制墙板、预制柱安装完成后，再浇筑第二层楼板、预制梁接口和第三层预制墙板柱接口，依次循环作业至结构封顶。(4) Cyclic operation: After the installation of the vertical components on the first floor is completed, the foundation beams and floor plane concrete are first poured, and then the facade column concrete is poured, and then the first floor slab is installed. After the first floor slab is installed, the second floor prefabricated wall is installed slabs and prefabricated columns, after the installation of the prefabricated wall panels and prefabricated columns on the second floor is completed, pour the interface of the first floor slab, prefabricated beams and the interface of the second floor prefabricated wall panels to the connecting columns; then install the second floor slab, the second floor After the floor slab is installed, install the third layer of prefabricated wall panels and prefabricated columns. After the third layer of prefabricated wall panels and prefabricated columns are installed, pour the second floor, prefabricated beam joints and the third layer of prefabricated wall panel column joints, in order Cycle operation until the structure is capped.
本发明的安装方法具有以下优点：The installation method of the present invention has the following advantages:
1、房屋墙体和楼板/构造柱/梁均为工厂预制，直接进行安装即可。1. The walls and floors/structural columns/beams of the house are all prefabricated in the factory and can be installed directly.
2、减少施工人工，以往建筑房屋使用人工量大，并且存在很大的安全风险。此种房屋安装施工方法使用少量人工，减少安全隐患。2. Reduce construction labor. In the past, building houses used a lot of labor and there were great safety risks. This kind of house installation and construction method uses a small amount of labor to reduce potential safety hazards.
3、墙体结构稳定，通过定位、连接紧固、支撑加固，预制墙体和预制楼板的结构非常稳定，减少因施工偏差而使得建筑物存在墙体歪斜。3. The wall structure is stable. Through positioning, connection fastening, and support reinforcement, the structure of the prefabricated wall and prefabricated floor is very stable, which reduces the skew of the building wall due to construction deviation.
4、定位装置大大节省安装预制墙体和预制楼板找平和放置到预定位置的工作量。并且可以精准安装。4. The positioning device greatly saves the workload of installing prefabricated walls and prefabricated floors for leveling and placing them in predetermined positions. And it can be installed precisely.
5、预制楼板安装现场浇筑层高度高于预制墙体底部5mm以上，这样有利于现浇混凝土与墙板底部的结合。5. The height of the prefabricated floor slab installed on-site is 5mm higher than the bottom of the prefabricated wall, which is conducive to the combination of cast-in-place concrete and the bottom of the wall slab.
6、上下墙板与中间现浇梁的连接，墙板安装支撑架使上下层墙板留出了梁的位置，为墙板/楼板/梁/柱的钢筋连接、绑扎为一体创造了条件；通过现浇筑混凝土使建筑形成整体结构。6. The connection between the upper and lower wall panels and the middle cast-in-place beam, the wall panel installation support frame leaves the position of the beam for the upper and lower wall panels, creating conditions for the connection and binding of the steel bars of the wall panels/floors/beams/columns; The building forms an integral structure by pouring in-situ concrete.
7、墙板四面连接筋用横向/竖向钢筋加长探出混凝土板(长度根据技术要求)作为连接筋，通过对接套筒冷压或搭接绑扎/焊接等方式与上下墙板、左右相邻墙板、楼板、梁、柱连接浇筑混凝土形成整体结构。7. The connecting ribs on the four sides of the wall panels are extended with horizontal/vertical steel bars and protruded from the concrete slab (the length is based on technical requirements) as connecting ribs, which are adjacent to the upper and lower wall panels, left and right through cold pressing of butt joint sleeves or lap joint binding/welding. Wall panels, floor slabs, beams, and columns are connected with poured concrete to form an overall structure.
8、预制楼板的预制尺寸小于墙体内径并留出钢筋绑扎作业空间的方式给钢筋绑扎和混凝土浇筑提供了作业条件。8. The prefabricated size of the prefabricated floor slab is smaller than the inner diameter of the wall and the method of leaving a working space for steel bar binding provides working conditions for steel bar binding and concrete pouring.
9、预制楼板的安装定位装置与楼板特制安装支架给预制楼板提供稳固的安装平台为先安装楼板再绑扎连接钢筋和先安装后浇筑、结构一体化提供了施工条件。9. The installation and positioning device of the prefabricated floor slab and the special installation bracket of the floor slab provide a stable installation platform for the prefabricated floor slab, and provide construction conditions for the first installation of the floor slab and then the binding of the connecting steel bars, first installation and then pouring, and structural integration.
10、预制楼板四面预留连接筋为楼板拼接(楼板拼接口部位铺设受力钢筋，由套子筋将受力筋、连接筋绑扎连接成钢筋笼，增加强度)和结构连接整体性提供了条件。10. The connecting ribs reserved on the four sides of the prefabricated floor provide conditions for the splicing of the floors (laying stress reinforcement at the joints of the floor slabs, and binding and connecting the stress ribs and connecting ribs to form a reinforcement cage by the cover ribs to increase the strength) and the integrity of the structural connection.
11、安装完首层墙板后先安装楼板再安装上层墙板最后浇筑上下墙体间梁的方式给墙板/楼板/梁/柱的连接筋绑扎连接使结构连接整体性提供了作业条件。11. After installing the first layer of wall panels, install the floor first, then install the upper wall panels, and finally pour the beams between the upper and lower walls to provide working conditions for the connection of the wall panels/floors/beams/columns to make the structural connection integrity.
12、技术核心：通过预制墙板/柱安装装置、支撑架与安装方法(安装完楼板先安装上层墙体/柱的方式，预留出了上下层墙体间梁的空间钢筋连接绑扎后再浇筑梁使上下墙板、楼板、梁/柱形成整体)和楼板的制作安装尺寸小于墙板间内径及楼板四面预留连接筋的方式，运用先安装下层预制墙板、预制楼板、上层墙板、再进行钢筋连接绑扎最后浇筑上下层墙板间梁/柱/墙体/楼板的作业流程，使结构连接成整体保证了结构整体安全性。12. Technical core: through the prefabricated wall panel/column installation device, support frame and installation method (the upper wall/column is installed first after the floor slab is installed, and the space between the upper and lower wall beams is reserved before the steel bars are connected and tied. Pouring beams to make the upper and lower walls, floors, and beams/columns form a whole) and the production and installation size of the floors are smaller than the inner diameter between the walls and the connecting ribs reserved on the four sides of the floors. , Then connect and bind the steel bars, and finally pour the beam/column/wall/floor between the upper and lower wall panels, so that the structure is connected as a whole to ensure the overall safety of the structure.
13、后浇筑的方式解决了传统方式先浇筑下层墙板/梁/楼板再安装上层墙板的方式，上层墙板底部与梁连接(砂浆粘合、套筒灌浆连接)整体性差、施工过程质量不易控制的安全风险问题。13. The method of post-casting solves the traditional method of first pouring the lower wall/beam/floor and then installing the upper wall. The connection between the bottom of the upper wall and the beam (mortar bonding, sleeve grouting connection) is poor in integrity and the quality of the construction process Uncontrollable security risks.
14、通过墙体/楼板/梁/柱间预留钢筋的绑扎连接浇筑成一个整体结构，实现了结构整体性/安全性和结构保温装饰一体化的制作与安装的可行性。14. Through the binding and connection of the reserved steel bars between the walls/floors/beams/columns to form an integral structure, the feasibility of the integration of structural integrity/safety and structural insulation and decoration is realized.
15、支撑架上下端与基础或上下构件连接采用螺栓连接的方式并与墙体水平支撑连接，保证了支撑架的稳定性提高了施工安全性。15. The upper and lower ends of the support frame are connected with the foundation or the upper and lower components by means of bolt connection and connected with the horizontal support of the wall, which ensures the stability of the support frame and improves the construction safety.
16、现场浇筑用混凝土应采用无收缩或微膨胀高强度混凝土以保证工程质量。16. Concrete for on-site pouring should use non-shrinkage or micro-expansion high-strength concrete to ensure project quality.
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Accordingly, the embodiments should be regarded in all points of view as exemplary and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is therefore intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. All changes within the meaning and range of equivalents of the elements are embraced in the present invention. Any sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
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