CN105771337B - Efficient solid-liquid separation device and application thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses efficient solid-liquid separation equipment and application thereof. The solid-liquid separation device is characterized in that a main body of the solid-liquid separation device is a cylindrical cavity, a thread channel extending downwards is arranged on the inner side wall of the cylindrical cavity, a stirring flow impeller is installed at the top of the cylindrical cavity, and a flow disturbing fluid or a flow pushing pump of the stirring flow impeller extends into the cylindrical cavity; the upper side wall of the cylindrical cavity is provided with a sewage inlet, and the lower side wall or the bottom of the cylindrical cavity is provided with a sludge discharge port; a partition plate is arranged in the cylindrical cavity, the partition plate encloses a relatively closed conical cavity, and the bottom of the conical cavity is communicated with the cylindrical cavity; the top of the conical cavity is provided with a clear water overflow port. This application utilizes the baffle to enclose into the circular conical cavity, forms and mixes the district soon, mixes district and sludge thickening settling zone slowly, realizes coagulating basin and sedimentation tank function integration, and occupation of land is little, needs equipment few, and is with low costs, maintains that the maintenance is with low costs, easy operation, and the fault incidence is low. The centrifugal force and the gravity are utilized to improve the solid-liquid separation speed and effect under the guide of the thread channel.

Description

An efficient solid-liquid separation device and its application

technical field

This application relates to the field of sewage treatment, in particular to an efficient solid-liquid separation device and its application.

Background technique

In the process of sewage treatment, it usually includes two major steps of physical and chemical reaction and solid-liquid separation, which is the so-called coagulation and sedimentation process. In the coagulation and sedimentation process, the coagulation or coagulation process is the physical and chemical reaction, which mainly refers to the process of adding coagulant to the sewage, completing the hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction under certain hydraulic conditions, and destabilizing and coagulating the colloidal dispersion system of the sewage. , the process is divided into two stages of mixing and particle coagulation. The mixing stage refers to the rapid and uniform diffusion of the input medicament including coagulant in the sewage to create good hydrolysis reaction conditions. In this stage, fast mixing is adopted, that is, rapid stirring and mixing to make the medicament quickly and evenly disperse. The particle coagulation stage refers to the process that after the mixing stage is completed, the colloids collide with each other, aggregate or add a small amount of coagulation aid under certain hydraulic conditions to form larger flocculent particles. This stage adopts slow mixing, that is, low-speed stirring and mixing. In order to ensure the response effect of the medicine. Involved in the whole coagulation process, ① the properties of the colloid in water, ② the hydrolysis of the coagulant in water, and ③ the interaction between the colloid and the coagulant.

The objects treated by coagulation are mainly tiny suspended solids and colloids in sewage. Large suspended solids sink due to the action of gravity and can be removed by sedimentation and other methods. However, micro-suspended solids and colloidal particles with small particle sizes can maintain a dispersed and suspended state in sewage for a long time, and will not settle naturally even if they are left to stand for more than tens of hours. This is due to the "stability" of tiny suspended particles and colloidal particles. The mechanism of coagulation is still not completely clear, because it involves many factors, such as the composition and concentration of impurities in water, water temperature, pH value of water, alkalinity, and the nature of coagulant and coagulation conditions. But in summary, the mechanism of coagulation has three aspects:

(1) Compression double layer effect

The colloidal impurity colloidal particles in sewage can maintain a stable dispersed suspension state, mainly due to the high ∫ potential of the colloidal particles in water. If the ∫ potential of the colloidal particles can be eliminated or reduced, the colloidal particles may collide and coalesce and lose stability. Adding an electrolytic coagulant to the water can achieve this purpose. For example, negatively charged clay particles in natural water, after putting in coagulants such as iron salts or aluminum salts, a large number of positive ions provided by the coagulants will flood into the colloidal diffusion layer or even the adsorption layer. Because the total potential on the surface of the glue core remains unchanged, increasing the concentration of positive ions in the diffusion layer and the adsorption layer will thin the diffusion layer and reduce the ∫ potential. When a large number of positive ions flood into the adsorption layer so that the diffusion layer disappears completely, the ∫ potential is zero, which is called the isoelectric state. In the isoelectric state, the electrostatic repulsion between the colloidal particles disappears, and the colloidal particles are most likely to coalesce. In fact, as long as the ∫ potential drops to a certain level so that the repulsion energy between the colloidal particles is less than the kinetic energy of the Brownian motion of the colloidal particles, the colloidal particles begin to coalesce obviously, and the ∫ potential at this time is called the critical potential. The process of colloidal particles losing stability due to the reduction or elimination of the ∫ potential is called destabilization of colloidal particles, and the cohesion of destabilized colloidal particles is called coagulation.

(2) Adsorption bridging effect

After the trivalent aluminum salt or iron salt and other polymer coagulants are dissolved in water, they undergo hydrolysis and polycondensation to form a polymer with a linear structure. This kind of high molecular polymer can be strongly adsorbed by the colloidal particles, because of its large linear length, when one end of it adsorbs a certain colloidal particle, the other end adsorbs another colloidal particle, and it is carried out between two colloidal particles that are far apart. Adsorption and bridging make the particles gradually agglomerate and form coarse flocs visible to the naked eye. This process of bonding particles to each other due to the adsorption and bridging of polymer substances is called flocculation.

(3) Net catch function

Trivalent aluminum salts or iron salts are hydrolyzed to form precipitates. During the process of self-settling, these sediments can collect colloids and other particles in the water, and make the colloidal particles stick together.

Coagulation is generally referred to as the coagulation of the coagulation process of colloidal particles through the action of the electric double layer and the flocculation of the bonding process of colloidal particles through the adsorption and bridging of polymers. Therefore, adding chemicals to the sewage, mixing the sewage and the chemicals, so that the coagulation and flocculation of the colloidal substances in the sewage is a comprehensive process called coagulation. The coagulation process makes the tiny suspended solids and colloids aggregate into coarse particles and precipitate, which can be separated from water and the sewage can be purified.

In the existing technology, the device or structure used in the coagulation process is a coagulation tank, which is mainly divided into a partition flocculation tank, a folded plate flocculation tank, a mechanical flocculation tank, a grid bar flocculation tank, a swirl flocculation tank according to the structure type. pool and perforated swirl flocculation pool, etc.

The clapboard flocculation tank refers to a structure in which water passes between the clapboards at a certain flow rate to complete the flocculation process. As shown in Figure 1, the flocculation effect of the clapboard flocculation tank is unstable and the pool is large. It is usually used in large and medium-sized water plants. , and for small water plants, the water volume is too small and the spacing between the partitions is too narrow, which is inconvenient for construction and maintenance.

The folded plate flocculation tank refers to the structure in which the water flow passes between the folded plates at a certain flow rate to complete the flocculation process. According to the direction of water flow, the folded plate flocculation tank can be divided into vertical flow type and flat flow type, and vertical flow type is usually used, as shown in the figure As shown in 2, it changes the flat partition of the partition flocculation tank into a folded plate at a certain angle. The parallel installation of the crest to the trough of the folded plate is called "same wave folded plate", and the installation of the opposite wave crest is called "different wave folded plate". The installation and maintenance of the folded plate flocculation tank is difficult, and the cost of the folded plate is relatively high.

The mechanical flocculation tank refers to a structure in which the liquid is agitated by mechanically driven blades to complete the flocculation process. As shown in Figure 3, the agitator has a paddle plate type and an impeller type, and is divided into a horizontal axis type and a vertical axis type according to the installation position of the stirring shaft. Type mechanical flocculation tank. The stirring intensity of the first grid of the mechanical flocculation tank is the largest, and then gradually decreases. The stirring intensity is determined by the speed of the agitator and the area of the paddle. Similarly, mechanical flocculation tanks also have disadvantages such as difficult maintenance and high maintenance costs.

The grid bar flocculation tank is designed as a multi-shaft backflow structure. As shown in Figure 4, several layers of grids or grids are installed in each shaft. It gradually decreases from the end to the water outlet, and is generally controlled in three sections. The front section is a dense mesh or a dense grid, the middle section is a sparse mesh or a sparse grid, and the last section does not install a net or grid. In comparison, the grid bar flocculation tank has a more complex structure, difficult installation and maintenance, and higher costs.

The structural design of the swirling flow flocculation tank is as shown in Figure 5. The nozzle of the water ejector sprays water along the tangential direction of the pool to form a swirling flow. Size and shape are related. The swirling flow flocculation tank is limited by the jet intensity of the water ejector, and its volume is small. In addition, the swirling flow flocculation tank is usually used in conjunction with other structures of flocculation tanks or sedimentation tanks, such as vertical flow In the type sedimentation tank, the residence time is generally 8 to 15 minutes, which is suitable for small and medium-sized water plants.

The perforated swirl flocculation tank, as shown in Figure 6, consists of several squares, and the number of squares is not less than six. Holes are opened up and down on the partition wall, and the water flow enters along the tangent line of the pool wall to form a swirling flow. The opening of the first grid is small, and the rotation speed is high, and then decrease successively, corresponding to the decrease of rotation speed. The biggest disadvantage of the perforated swirl flocculation tank is that there is mud accumulation at the bottom of the tank, and algae are easy to grow on the grid and block the mesh.

Sedimentation is the solid-liquid separation process. It is a treatment structure that removes suspended particles or coagulation products that are denser than water in the sedimentation tank by gravity settlement. It is one of the most widely used treatment units in sewage treatment. Used in sewage treatment, post-treatment of biological treatment and advanced treatment.

The sedimentation tank includes five parts: the water inlet area, the sedimentation area, the buffer zone, the sludge area and the water outlet area. The role of the water inlet area and the water outlet area is to make the water flow through the sedimentation tank evenly, avoid short flow and reduce turbulent flow that will have adverse effects on the sedimentation, reduce the dead water area, and improve the volume utilization rate of the sedimentation tank. The sedimentation area is also called the clarification area, that is, the working area of the sedimentation tank, which is enough to separate the particles to be precipitated from the water. The sludge area is the area where sludge is stored, concentrated and discharged. The buffer zone is the water layer area that separates the sedimentation zone and the sludge zone to ensure that the precipitated particles will not float again due to the agitation of the water flow. The sedimentation tank uses the downward sedimentation speed of the suspended impurity particles in the water flow to be greater than the lateral flow velocity of the water flow, or the downward sedimentation time is shorter than the time for the water flow out of the sedimentation tank, so that the suspended particles and impurities settle at the bottom of the tank to purify the sewage.

In an ideal sedimentation tank, its treatment efficiency is only related to the surface load, that is, to the surface area of the sedimentation tank, but not to the depth of the sedimentation tank. The depth of the tank is only related to the time and quantity of sludge storage and the prevention of sludge from being washed out. . However, in the actual continuous operation of the sedimentation tank, since the overflow of the water flow from the top of the outlet weir will bring the rising velocity of the water flow, the particles whose sedimentation gravity is less than the power of the rising velocity of the water flow will go with the water flow, and the sedimentation gravity is equal to the power of the rising velocity of the water flow. The particles will still be suspended in the pool, and only the particles whose sedimentation gravity is greater than the power of the rising flow rate of the water will settle down in the pool. The time for sedimentation particles to settle to the bottom of the tank in the sedimentation tank is related to the hydraulic retention time of the water flow in the sedimentation tank, that is, to the depth of the tank. Therefore, in theory, the shallower the tank body, the easier it is for the particles to reach the bottom of the tank, which is the theoretical basis for shallow sedimentation tanks such as inclined tube or inclined plate sedimentation tanks. In order to settle the particles that are slightly larger than the rising flow rate in the sedimentation tank and prevent the settled sludge from being disturbed by the influent water flow and float again, a buffer zone is left between the sedimentation area and the sludge storage area to make these sediments Particles that are slightly larger than the rising flow velocity in the pool or refloated particles contact each other and settle down again.

Therefore, sedimentation tanks are often divided into four types according to the direction of water flow: flat flow sedimentation tanks, vertical flow sedimentation tanks, radial flow sedimentation tanks, and inclined tube or inclined plate sedimentation tanks.

The advection sedimentation tank, as shown in Figure 7, has a rectangular shape. Sewage flows in from one end of the tank, flows through the tank in the horizontal direction, and flows out from the other end of the tank. There is a mud storage bucket at the bottom of the entrance of the pool, and the bottom of the other parts of the pool has a slope, which is inclined to the mud storage bucket.

The vertical flow sedimentation tank is mostly circular, and some are square or polygonal. Its side view is shown in Figure 8. The sewage enters from the central tube in the center of the pool, and passes through the reflector from the lower end of the central tube. Finally, it is evenly and slowly distributed on the cross-section of the pool. Since the water outlet is set on the pool surface or around the pool wall, the water flow is basically from bottom to top, and the sludge is stored in the sludge bucket at the bottom.

Radial flow sedimentation tank, also known as radiation sedimentation tank, as shown in Figure 9, the pool is mostly circular, and sometimes small pools are also square or polygonal. The inlet and outlet layout of the pool is basically the same as that of the vertical flow pool, with the inlet in the center and the outlet around. However, the ratio of pool diameter to pool depth is many times larger in radial flow pools than in vertical flow pools. The water flow in the pool radiates or jets horizontally to the surroundings. As the cross-sectional area of the water continues to increase, the water flow speed in the pool gradually slows down from the center of the pool to the surroundings of the pool. The mud bucket is set in the center of the pool, and the bottom of the pool is inclined to the center. The sludge is usually removed by scraping or suction machinery.

Inclined tube or inclined plate sedimentation tank, as shown in Figure 10, is a sedimentation tank with inclined tubes in the sedimentation area. There are two types of assembly forms: inclined tubes and branch tubes. In the sedimentation zone of the horizontal flow or vertical flow sedimentation tank, inclined parallel pipes or parallel pipes are used, and sometimes honeycomb fillers can be used to divide them into a series of shallow sedimentation layers, and the treated and settled sediments are in each shallow sedimentation layer. Mutual motion and separation. According to their mutual movement direction, it can be divided into three different separation methods: reverse flow, co-current flow and lateral flow. Between every two parallel sloping plates, or inside parallel pipes, is equivalent to a very shallow sedimentation tank.

In some comprehensive applications, the coagulation tank and the sedimentation tank are built together, that is, the combined coagulation and sedimentation tank. As shown in Figure 11, the coagulation tank and the sedimentation tank are built together, and the walls of the two pools are connected, and the sewage passes through the overflow The spout or channel flows from the coagulation tank to the sedimentation tank without additional power. The combined coagulation and sedimentation tank can reduce infrastructure costs, floor space and equipment costs to a certain extent.

The above is the structure or equipment currently used in the coagulation sedimentation process. Regardless of whether the coagulation tank and the sedimentation tank are constructed individually or combined, they all belong to multi-section tanks; moreover, because the coagulation tank needs to be added in batches, it has the functional requirements of fast mixing and slow mixing, so it has multiple sections The setting requirements of the pool body; and the sedimentation tank has a complex structure due to functional requirements. In addition, due to the requirements of surface load and elevation, the design of the sedimentation tank requires a large area, high height and relatively large volume. The coagulation tank needs to be equipped with multiple mixing pumps to meet the needs of fast mixing and slow mixing. At the same time, the sedimentation tank part also needs to be equipped with auxiliary equipment such as mud scrapers; the more equipment used, the more complicated the structure and the more complicated the operation , the greater the probability of failure; equipment manufacturing costs, maintenance costs, operating energy costs, etc. are relatively high. In addition, because the sedimentation tank adopts gravity sedimentation to separate solid and liquid, affected by the sedimentation velocity, the sewage treatment time is long and the shock load resistance is poor.

In general, in the existing technology, the coagulation sedimentation tank has a large volume, occupies a lot of land, and has a long construction period; most of the required equipment is non-standard production, the technical difficulty required for production is large, and the investment cost is too high; equipment The layout of the site has high requirements on the site; the operation management requirements and operating costs are high; when faced with pollution changes, the ability to respond is poor. Therefore, many enterprises are facing the same problems when supporting such environmental protection facilities, that is, expensive equipment purchase, difficult equipment installation, difficult equipment operation and maintenance, and expensive equipment operation.

Therefore, it is urgent to improve the facilities used in the existing coagulation and sedimentation process to further reduce the cost, so that the sewage purification and environmental protection facilities can be better popularized and applied.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this application is to provide an improved solid-liquid separation device and application.

The application adopts the following technical solutions:

One aspect of the present application discloses a high-efficiency solid-liquid separation device. The main body of the solid-liquid separation device is a cylindrical cavity, and the inner wall of the cylindrical cavity has at least one The threaded channel; the top of the cylindrical cavity is equipped with a stirring impeller, and the turbulent slurry or the thrusting pump of the agitating impeller extends into the cylindrical cavity, and the spiral downward direction of the threaded channel is in line with the stirring impeller. The rotation direction of the flow device is the same; the upper side wall of the cylindrical cavity is provided with a sewage inlet, and the lower side wall or bottom is provided with a mud discharge port; A relatively closed conical cavity is formed inside, and the bottom of the conical cavity communicates with the cylindrical cavity; the top of the conical cavity is provided with a clear water overflow port.

In this application, the top, upper side wall, lower side wall and bottom of the cylindrical cavity are positioned according to the structural diagram shown in Figure 12. The top is the uppermost end of the cylindrical cavity, the bottom is the lowermost end, and the upper The side wall is the side wall near the top, and the lower side wall is the side wall near the bottom; the sewage inlet is opened on the upper side wall, and the mud discharge port is opened on the lower side wall or bottom, considering that the sludge is under the action of gravity. The sedimentation is at the bottom of the cylindrical cavity, therefore, the sewage is carried out from the upper part, and the sludge is discharged from the lower part or the bottom. The mud outlet can be opened on the side wall or at the bottom. If it is opened on the side wall, it is convenient to place the pipeline. If it is opened on the bottom, the pipeline needs to be buried in the ground, or the entire solid-liquid separation device needs to be erected.

In this application, the baffle forms a relatively closed conical cavity inside the cylindrical cavity, wherein, relatively closed means that the baffle is a solid structure, and there are no holes or other passages for water to pass through the baffle. It isolates the water body inside and outside the conical cavity, so that the water body in the conical cavity will not be affected by the external water flow. However, the bottom of the conical cavity is open, and its bottom communicates with the cylindrical cavity, so that the entire conical cavity communicates with the cylindrical cavity, and the conical cavity is not a completely independent closed space.

It should be noted that the solid-liquid separation device of the present application realizes multiple functional partitions in one device by setting a partition in the cylindrical cavity and forming a relatively closed conical cavity by the partition, thereby realizing Integrated solid-liquid separation device. Specifically, on the upper part of the cylindrical cavity, the stirring impeller pushes the turbulence slurry or the push flow pump to form a fast mixing zone, which can realize the rapid mixing of the medicament and sewage; Where the flow pump is out of reach, the stirring speed also decreases, that is, a slow mixing zone is formed to ensure the reaction effect of the medicine; The water body in the cavity is not disturbed by the turbulent slurry, thus forming a sedimentation zone, and the bottom of the cylindrical cavity is the sludge zone.

It should also be noted that the solid-liquid separation device of the present application not only utilizes gravity to settle, but also utilizes centrifugal force to speed up the settling velocity. Specifically, under the rotation of the turbulent slurry or the push-flow pump, the sewage in the upper layer is in the cylindrical cavity Rotate to form a vortex, at this time, the particles will be thrown towards the side wall of the cylindrical cavity, so that the particles will concentrate on the circumference and accelerate the sedimentation. The solid-liquid separation device of the present application uses centrifugal force and gravity to settle, and its effect is far greater than that of a single gravity settlement. Therefore, the sewage treated by the solid-liquid separation device of the present application is clearer, and the sludge will become clearer due to the centrifugal force. More concentrated, more convenient for later sludge treatment.

It should also be noted that, in the solid-liquid separation device of the present application, a threaded passage extending to the lower part of the cylindrical cavity is provided on the inner wall of the cylindrical cavity, and the spiral downward direction of the threaded passage is consistent with the direction of the turbulent slurry or The rotation directions of the plug flow pumps are the same. When in use, the particles thrown to the side wall can be transported down to the lower part of the cylindrical cavity along the threaded channel to further accelerate the settling. The high efficiency of the application is just reflected in this.

Preferably, there are two threaded passages extending to the lower part of the cylindrical cavity on the inner side wall of the cylindrical cavity, which are a large threaded passage and a small threaded passage juxtaposed respectively.

It should be noted that, in one implementation of the present application, the inner wall of the shell of the entire cylindrical cavity is provided with large and small screw channels with large and small intervals, so that the particles can be transported to the cylinder more effectively and quickly. The lower part of the shaped cavity.

Preferably, the screw channel extends to a position where the lower part of the cylindrical cavity corresponds to the bottom of the conical cavity.

It should be noted that the purpose of the screw channel is to quickly transport the particles to the lower part of the cylindrical cavity. In one implementation of the present application, considering the bottom of the cylindrical cavity, starting from the area covered by the conical cavity, It is a settling area, which is hardly disturbed by the disturbing slurry, so the threaded channel can be extended to the corresponding position of the bottom of the conical cavity.

Preferably, the separator is fixedly connected to the side wall of the cylindrical cavity through spacers or mesh screens.

It should be noted that the conical cavity and the cylindrical cavity of the present application are not completely isolated. Therefore, it can be understood that the lower circumference of the partition is fixedly connected with the side wall of the cylindrical cavity through a spacer. A slit channel is formed between the partition and the side wall of the cylindrical cavity, so that the fluid flows from the slit channel to the bottom of the cylindrical cavity; at the same time, the spacer can also further prevent the flow of the upper layer of fluid from the sedimentation of the lower layer Influenced by it, a sedimentation zone for concentrated sludge is formed under the partition. It can be understood that the main function of the spacer is to support the conical cavity and form a narrow channel between the partition and the side wall of the cylindrical cavity. Therefore, in addition to the spacer, other mesh screens or hollow structures with larger mesh It can also be used in this application and is not specifically limited here.

Preferably, the bottom of the conical cavity is located at about 2/3 of the depth of the cylindrical cavity, and the top of the conical cavity is located at about 1/3 of the depth of the cylindrical cavity.

It should be noted that the main function of the conical cavity is to provide a stable area that is not disturbed by the turbulent slurry. This application sets it at the depth of 1/3 to 2/3 of the cylindrical cavity. A preferred implementation of the application; it can be understood that for applications with a large amount of water treatment, the cylindrical cavity of the solid-liquid separation device can be very large, and the conical cavity only needs to be set near the bottom of the cylindrical cavity to It is enough to ensure the precipitation, and no specific limitation is made here.

Preferably, the turbulent slurry or plug flow pump extends into the cylindrical cavity at about 1/3 of the depth.

It should be noted that the role of the turbulence slurry or the push flow pump is to stir the water body to make it flow. As mentioned above, the area where the turbulence slurry reaches in the cylindrical cavity is not the fast mixing zone, and the area that is not reached is the slow mixing zone. Mixing area, therefore, the depth of the turbulent slurry or plug flow pump directly determines the fast-mixing and slow-mixing partitions. In a preferred implementation of the application, it is set at about 1/3 of the depth in the cylindrical cavity It can be understood that for the application of large water treatment capacity, the cylindrical cavity of the solid-liquid separation device can be very large. It only needs to fully mix the sewage and the medicament, and there is no specific limitation here. In addition, the function of the turbulent oar or the plug-flow pump in this application is to stir the water body. Therefore, as long as it can play the role of stirring the water body, no matter it is a turbulent oar, a plug-flow pump, or other stirring devices or structures, it can It is used in this application and is not specifically limited here.

Preferably, the top of the conical cavity is also provided with a clean water return port to allow part of the clean water to flow back into the cylindrical cavity.

It should be noted that the purpose of the clear water return port of the present application is to pass partially purified clear water, and the clear water return port flows back into the cylindrical cavity to continue to participate in the flocculation and sedimentation reaction. On the one hand, it can destroy the center of the vortex, and on the other hand On the one hand, it creates a water flow from the center to the outside, bringing the pollutants suspended in the center of the vortex back to the fast mixing zone.

Preferably, the top of the conical cavity is provided with a central pipe on the central axis of the cylindrical cavity, and the clean water flowing out of the clean water return port flows back into the cylindrical cavity through the central tube.

It should be noted that the solid-liquid separation device of the present application utilizes the dual effects of centrifugal force and gravity for sedimentation. The centrifugal force is generated by the stirring of the disturbed slurry. While forming the centrifugal vortex, it will form a relatively stable center of the vortex. area, this area is the vortex area, and the centrifugal force is weak, which will cause the pollutants with light specific gravity in the sewage to be suspended in the vortex. Thus it is not conducive to solid-liquid separation and affects the quality of effluent water; for this reason, in the preferred solution of the present application, a central tube is arranged on the central axis of the vortex area, that is, the cylindrical cavity, and the central tube is used to destroy the center of the vortex to avoid pollutants Or the flocs are suspended in the center, affecting the water quality of the effluent. Further, part of the clear water is overflowed from the center pipe, and the pollutants or flocs in the center are washed away by the overflowed return clear water.

Another aspect of the present application discloses the application of the solid-liquid separation device of the present application in sewage treatment or water purification treatment process, the sewage includes but not limited to domestic sewage and industrial sewage.

It can be understood that the solid-liquid separation device of the present application is applicable to any sewage treatment that can adopt the coagulation sedimentation process, such sewage includes domestic sewage, industrial sewage and so on. Wherein, the water purification process includes, for example, tap water purification and the like.

The beneficial effect of this application is:

The solid-liquid separation device of the present application, by setting a partition plate surrounding a conical cavity in a cylindrical cavity, naturally forms a fast-mixing zone, a slow-mixing zone and a sludge concentration and sedimentation zone, realizing the functions of a coagulation tank and a sedimentation tank Integrated, small footprint, small site restrictions, less equipment required, low equipment cost, low maintenance cost, simple operation, and low probability of failure. Moreover, in the solid-liquid separation device of the present application, a threaded passage is provided on the inner wall of the cylindrical cavity shell, and the double action of centrifugal force and gravity is used to cooperate with the guidance of the threaded passage to effectively improve the solid-liquid separation speed and separation effect. It has laid a good foundation for the promotion and application of sewage purification and environmental protection facilities.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the top view structural representation of the clapboard flocculation tank in the background technology of the present application;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the section structure of the folded plate flocculation tank in the background technology of the present application;

Fig. 3 is the schematic structural diagram of the mechanical flocculation tank in the background technology of the present application, A is a schematic diagram of a section structure, and B is a schematic diagram of a top view structure;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the planar layout structure of the grid bar flocculation tank in the background technology of the present application, the dotted line arrow indicates the water in and out below, and the solid line arrow indicates the water in and out above;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the cyclone flocculation tank in the background technology of the present application;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the top view of the perforated swirl flocculation tank in the background technology of the present application, the dotted arrow indicates the water entering and leaving the bottom, and the solid line arrow indicates the water entering and leaving the above;

Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the sectional structure of the advection sedimentation tank in the background technology of the present application;

Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the section structure of the vertical flow sedimentation tank in the background technology of the present application;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the section structure of the radial flow sedimentation tank in the background technology of the present application;

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a section structure of an inclined tube or inclined plate sedimentation tank in the background technology of the present application;

Fig. 11 is the schematic diagram of the sectional structure of the combined coagulation sedimentation tank in the background technology of the present application;

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a longitudinal section of a solid-liquid separation device in an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a solid-liquid separation device in an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of a cylindrical cavity with a threaded passage in an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of the large screw channel on the inner wall of the shell of the cylindrical cavity in the embodiment of the present application.

detailed description

This application is based on the theoretical basis of the environmental protection facilities used in the existing coagulation and sedimentation process, further optimizing and improving, and researching a new integrated solid-liquid separation device, wherein the integration is mainly reflected in this The solid-liquid separation device applied for integrates multiple functional partitions of the coagulation tank and the sedimentation tank into one device. In one device, the functions of fast mixing and slow mixing of the coagulation tank are realized, and at the same time, various functions of the sedimentation tank are realized. The function of the partition, such as the setting of the partition, can effectively avoid the short flow and reduce the adverse effect of the turbulent flow on the sedimentation. The upper part of the conical cavity surrounded by the partition acts as a buffer zone, and the lower part acts as a buffer zone. Sedimentation and sludge areas.

The solid-liquid separation device of the present application realizes multiple functional partitions of the coagulation tank and the sedimentation tank in a cylindrical cavity by rationally improving the internal structure.

The solid-liquid separation device of the present application:

1) The coagulation reaction and floc precipitation are both carried out in one reactor, and the solid-liquid separation by centrifugation + gravity sedimentation replaces the single gravity sedimentation, which improves the sedimentation speed and reduces the required floor area due to the limitation of surface load And height requirements, thus greatly reducing the height, footprint and overall volume of the equipment. At the same time, it also reduces the production requirements of the equipment, the production cost and the limitation of the equipment on the site.

2) All the operation work can be completed with only one stirring flow mixer, which reduces the equipment purchase cost, maintenance cost and energy consumption, and also reduces the complicated operation and high failure probability caused by multiple equipment.

3) During the solid-liquid separation process, the centrifugal + gravity force is far greater than the single gravity force. Therefore, the effluent of the sewage treated by the solid-liquid separation device of the present application is clearer, and the sludge will become more concentrated under the action of centrifugal force, which is more convenient for later sludge treatment.

4) The solid-liquid separation device of the present application can control the reaction speed and processing efficiency by adjusting the rotation speed of the agitator, so that its anti-shock load capacity is far greater than the traditional coagulation-sedimentation process limited by surface load.

5) In addition, the solid-liquid separation device of the present application can be manufactured in standard specifications to realize standardized and streamlined production.

Generally speaking, the ultimate purpose of this application is to solve the environmental protection dilemma currently faced by small and medium-sized enterprises in our country. The environmental protection problem of small and medium-sized enterprises is a large part of our country's environmental protection problem, and solving this problem will make a great contribution to our country's environmental protection cause. In the current economic environment, most small and medium-sized enterprises are facing the contradiction between survival and environmental protection, and generally do not pay enough attention to environmental protection issues; moreover, in the existing environmental protection industry, most of the equipment is expensive, occupies a large area, and requires professional equipment. Operating costs such as personnel operation, maintenance and management, and chemical energy consumption remain high, which is unbearable for small and medium-sized enterprises. Even if they are barely configured, they are often gradually abandoned due to improper operation management, resulting in great waste. The solid-liquid separation device of the present application, its sewage treatment capacity can reach the existing level, even better; more importantly, the solid-liquid separation device of the present application has simple equipment, convenient operation, easy installation, and the equipment cost, operation The maintenance cost is low, which can meet the needs of most small and medium-sized enterprises. Small and medium-sized enterprises can afford it and use it well without increasing the cost burden; thus solving the environmental protection problems of small and medium-sized enterprises.

In addition, the present application further provides a screw channel extending to the lower part of the cylindrical cavity on the inner wall of the cylindrical cavity, not only using centrifugal force to concentrate the particles on the circumference, but also, through the guidance of the screw channel, further The centrifugal force is converted into a spiral downward boost, pushing the concentrated particles on the circumference to be transported downward.

The present application will be described in further detail below through specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. The following examples and drawings only further illustrate the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

Example

The solid-liquid separation device of this example is as shown in Figure 12, and its main body is a cylindrical bucket container, and cylindrical bucket container has a cylindrical cavity 1, and the top of cylindrical cavity 1 is equipped with stirring flowmaker 2, stirring The turbulence slurry 21 of the pusher extends into the interior of the cylindrical cavity 1 at about 1/3 depth; the upper side wall of the cylindrical cavity is provided with a sewage inlet 3, and the bottom is provided with a mud discharge port 4; the cylindrical cavity The inside of the cavity is provided with a partition 5, which surrounds a relatively closed conical cavity 51 inside the cylindrical cavity, and the partition is arranged so that the bottom of the conical cavity is located at about 2/3 of the cylindrical cavity At the depth, the top of the conical cavity is positioned at about 1/3 of the depth of the cylindrical cavity; the partition at the bottom of the conical cavity, i.e. the partition at the bottom circumference of the conical cavity, passes through the spacer 52 and the cylindrical cavity The side wall of 1 is fixedly connected, and its cross-sectional structural schematic diagram is shown in Figure 13. In a preferred implementation mode, a narrow slot channel 53 is formed between the partition plate at the bottom of the conical cavity and the side wall of the cylindrical cavity. The channel can allow sewage to pass through it, and at the same time, it also divides the water body to prevent the water flow on the upper layer of the partition from affecting the water flow on the lower layer of the partition; the top of the conical cavity is provided with two water outlets, that is, the clear water overflow port 55 And clear water return port 54, clear water overflow port 55, be used for output clear water; The top of conical cavity also has a central tube 6, and central tube 6 is arranged on the central axis of cylindrical cavity, central tube 6 and clear water return port 54 is connected, so that the clear water return port 54 returns part of the clear water to the cylindrical cavity through the central tube, and participates in the coagulation and sedimentation reaction again.

Moreover, the solid-liquid separation device of this example has two screw passages, one large and one small, on the inner wall of the shell of the cylindrical cavity, as shown in Figure 14, that is, a large screw passage and a small screw passage juxtaposed. The channel extends to the lower part of the cylindrical cavity, and the spiral downward direction of the screw channel is the same as the rotation direction of the spoiler 21; the large screw channel is shown in FIG. 15 . The threaded channel in this example is throughout the entire cylindrical cavity. In fact, considering the amount of sewage loaded and the particles can settle to the sedimentation area, in another implementation of this example, the threaded channel starts from the sewage The inlet 3 extends to the position corresponding to the bottom of the cylindrical cavity and the bottom of the conical cavity, that is, extends to the narrow slot channel 53. The threaded channel has the function of preventing spillage and assisting descent.

It should be noted that the center pipe 6 is arranged on the central axis of the cylindrical cavity, in order to destroy the vortex center generated by the agitation of the stirring flowmaker 2. The stirring flowmaker 2 of this example promotes the rotation of the spoiler 21, stirring The central axis of rotation of the sewage is also on the central axis of the cylindrical cavity. It can be understood that for a cylindrical cavity, in order to make full use of its cavity, the sewage must rotate around its central axis. The central axes that the deflector 2 promotes to rotate the spoiler 21 are all coincident. For some special structural designs, it may be determined according to specific usage requirements, and no specific limitation is made here.

In the solid-liquid separation device of this example, when in use, sewage and chemicals enter the cylindrical cavity 1 from the sewage inlet 3, and the agitating propeller 2 starts and brakes the turbulence slurry 21 to rotate, and the turbulence slurry 21 drives the sewage to stir, and controls the turbulence. The rotation speed of the flow slurry 21 realizes the fast mixing of sewage and chemicals. Under the turbulence slurry 21, the rotation speed of the sewage gradually slows down, and the speed becomes slower as it goes down until it passes between the partition plate and the side wall of the cylindrical cavity. After the slit channel 53 of the slit passage, basically can not have to rotate. Between the bottom of the turbulence slurry 21 and the top of the narrow slit channel 53, the rotation speed of the sewage is gradually slowed down to form a slow mixing zone to ensure the reaction effect of the medicament. Under the double action of gravity and the centrifugal force of the turbulent slurry 21, and under the guidance of the screw channel, the sludge settles downward, and after passing through the narrow slot channel 53, due to the isolation of the partition plate 5, it settles stably in the cylindrical cavity At this time, the bottom of the slit channel 53 and the conical cavity 51 are equivalent to the sedimentation tank. Sludge settles at the bottom, and the water body becomes clearer as the conical cavity goes up, until the top of the conical cavity, clear water overflows from the clear water overflow port 55, and is output to the solid-liquid separation device. At the same time, another part of clear water flows back into the cylindrical cavity through the central pipe 6 through the clear water return port 54, and continues to participate in the coagulation and sedimentation reaction.

In the solid-liquid separation device of this example, due to the agitation of the turbulent slurry 21, the sewage forms a vortex, and there will be some particles or flocs with a small specific gravity in the center of the vortex. Because the centrifugal force received by the central area is relatively weak, it is not easy to settle. Therefore, the center pipe 6 is designed in this example to destroy the center of the vortex and prevent particles or flocs from being suspended in the center of the vortex.

The solid-liquid separation device of this example, compared with the existing solid-liquid separation device or construction:

1) The solid-liquid separation device in this example achieves coagulation and sedimentation at the same time, with small footprint, small site restrictions, less equipment required, low construction and maintenance costs, simple operation, and low probability of failure;

2) The solid-liquid separation device in this example naturally forms a fast mixing zone, a slow mixing zone, and a sludge concentration zone through the improvement of the internal structure, and the structural design is reasonable;

3) Stirring speed can be adjusted, strong resistance to impact load, and controllable;

4) The solid-liquid separation device in this example uses centrifugal + gravity dual forces to complete the settling, which effectively improves the speed and quality of solid-liquid separation, and the sewage effluent is clearer;

5) The solid-liquid separation device of this example is provided with a threaded channel extending to the bottom of the cylindrical cavity on the inner wall of the shell of the cylindrical cavity, and utilizes the threaded channel to convert the centrifugal force into a power boost for pushing the particles downward, further Increased separation speed.

The above content is a further detailed description of the present application in conjunction with specific implementation modes, and it cannot be considered that the specific implementation of the present application is limited to these descriptions. For those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application belongs, some simple deduction or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of this application, which should be deemed to belong to the protection scope of this application.

Claims (9)

1. A highly efficient solid-liquid separation device, characterized in that: the main body of the solid-liquid separation device is a cylindrical cavity, and the inner wall of the cylindrical cavity has at least one direction to the cylindrical cavity The threaded passage extending from the bottom; the top of the cylindrical cavity is equipped with a stirrer, and the turbulent slurry of the stirrer or the thrust pump extend into the cylindrical cavity, and the helical direction of the threaded passage The downward direction is the same as the rotation direction of the stirring flowmaker; the upper side wall of the cylindrical cavity is provided with a sewage inlet, and the lower side wall or bottom is provided with a mud discharge port; the inside of the cylindrical cavity A partition is provided, and the partition forms a relatively closed conical cavity inside the cylindrical cavity, and the bottom of the conical cavity communicates with the cylindrical cavity; the top of the conical cavity is provided with a clear water overflow drool. 2. The solid-liquid separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner wall of the shell of the cylindrical cavity has two screw passages extending to the lower part of the cylindrical cavity, which are respectively parallel large threads channels and small screw channels. 3. The solid-liquid separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the threaded channel extends to a position where the lower part of the cylindrical cavity corresponds to the bottom of the conical cavity. 4. The solid-liquid separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the partition plate is fixedly connected to the side wall of the cylindrical cavity through spacers or mesh screens. 5. The solid-liquid separation device according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the conical cavity is located at about 2/3 of the depth of the cylindrical cavity, and the top of the conical cavity is located at the depth of the cylindrical cavity. About 1/3 of the depth of the cylindrical cavity. 6. The solid-liquid separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the turbulent slurry or plug flow pump extends into the cylindrical cavity at a depth of about 1/3. 7. The solid-liquid separation device according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: the top of the conical cavity is also provided with a clean water return port to allow part of the clean water to flow back into the cylindrical cavity. 8. The solid-liquid separation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: the top of the conical cavity is also provided with a central tube on the central axis of the cylindrical cavity, and the clean water flowing out of the clean water return port passes through the central tube back into the cylindrical cavity. 9. The application of the solid-liquid separation device according to any one of claims 1-8 in sewage treatment or water purification treatment process, the sewage includes but not limited to domestic sewage and industrial sewage.