CN105770229A - 一种治疗白内障的药物及制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗白内障的药物及制备方法,属中药领域;本发明药物有效成分的原料组成为:笔筒草、秦皮、车前草、望江南、荞麦、青葙子、榕须、马齿苋、干岩矸、夜关门、蝉蜕、甜石榴、雨韭、芸苔子、苍术和仙茅;本发明药物所选药材配伍相宜,符合中医药学和现代医药学理论,并具有目赤肿痛、迎风流泪、凉血止血、清肝明目之功效,对于白内障引起的目赤肿痛、迎风流泪、翳膜遮睛、眼边赤烂等具有独特疗效,且疗效显著,疗程短,见效快,治愈后不复发,安全无毒副作用,奇效实用,值得临床上广泛推广应用。
Description
所属技术领域
本发明涉及中药领域,尤其涉及一种治疗白内障的药物及制备方法。
背景技术
凡是各种原因如老化、遗传、局部营养障碍、免疫与代谢异常、外伤、中毒、辐射等,都能引起晶状体代谢紊乱,导致晶状体蛋白质变性而发生混浊,称为白内障,此时光线被混浊晶状体阻扰无法投射在视网膜上,导致视物模糊。多见于40岁以上,且随年龄增长而发病率增多。
单或双侧性,两眼发病可有先后,视力进行性减退,由于晶体皮质混浊导致晶状体不同部位屈光力不同,可有眩光感,或单眼复视,近视度数增加,临床上将老年性白内障分为皮质性、核性和囊下三种类型。皮质性白内障以晶体皮质灰白色混浊为主要特征,其发展过程可分为四期:初发期,未成熟期,成熟期,过熟期;核性白内障晶体混浊从晶状体中心部位即胚胎核位置开始出现密度增加,逐渐加重并缓慢向周围扩展,早期呈淡黄色,随着混浊加重,色泽渐加深如深黄色,深棕黄色,核的密度增大,屈光指数增加,病人常诉说老视减轻或近视增加,早期周边部皮质仍为透明,因此,在黑暗处瞳孔散大视力增进,而在强光下瞳孔缩小视力反而减退,故一般不等待皮质完全混浊即行手术;后囊下白内障混浊位于晶状体的囊膜下皮质,如果位于视轴区,早期即影响视力。
目前,治疗白内障的最有效方法是手术摘除治疗,手术治疗只能治标而不能治本,且患有高血压、心脏病或其它疾病的患者不宜进行手术,由于患有白内障的患者大多都是老年人,手术会给他们带来很大的心理负担和经济负担;而药物治疗只能延缓病情的发生、发展,效果仍不理想。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种治疗白内障的药物及制备方法;本发明药物所选药材配伍相宜,符合中医药学和现代医药学理论,并具有目赤肿痛、迎风流泪、凉血止血、清肝明目之功效,对于白内障引起的目赤肿痛、迎风流泪、翳膜遮睛、眼边赤烂等具有独特疗效,且疗效显著,疗程短,见效快,治愈后不复发,安全无毒副作用,奇效实用,值得临床上广泛推广应用。
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案实施如下:
一种治疗白内障的药物,制成所述药物有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
制成所述药物有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
制成所述药物有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
制成所述药物有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
一种治疗白内障的药物的制备方法,包括以下工艺步骤:
(1)将笔筒草、秦皮、青葙子、马齿苋、夜关门、蝉蜕、雨韭、芸苔子和苍术洗净,放入容器内,加入8~10倍量的蒸馏水,浸泡5~6小时后,煮沸3~4小时,提取;再次加入6~8倍量蒸馏水,煮沸2~3小时,提取;最后,加入4~6倍量蒸馏水,加热煮沸1~2小时,提取;合并三次提取液,过滤,得滤液,浓缩成60℃下相对密度为1.10~1.13的稠膏,备用;
(2)将车前草、望江南和甜石榴洗净,切碎,放入容器内,绞汁,滤杂质,留汁液备用;
(3)将荞麦置于锅内,武火炒制至表面呈黄色并有香味溢出,取出放凉,进行粉碎处理,研末,得到过200目的细粉,备用;
(4)将榕须和干岩矸洗净,浸入5倍量的80%的乙醇溶液浸泡1~2小时,加热提取3小时,回收乙醇,滤过,得滤液,浓缩为65℃下相对密度为1.12~1.16的稠膏,备用;
(5)将仙茅洗净,用黄酒拌匀,润透后文火炒至微干,取出晾至全干,置于研钵内,研末,得到过180目的细粉,备用;
(6)将上述步骤(1)~(5)所制得的稠膏、汁液以及细粉制成片剂,即得所述的治疗白内障的药物。
本发明所用中药的药性如下:
笔筒草:味甘、苦,性平、微寒,无毒;归心、肝、胃、膀胱经。清肝明目,止血,利尿通淋。主风热感冒,咳嗽,目赤肿痛,云翳,鼻衄,尿血,肠风下血,淋证,黄疸,带下,骨折。《四川中药志》载:“清心火,去潮热,散云翳。治暴发火眼,涩痛,溢泪及目赤肿痛,并疗鼻血。”
秦皮:味苦,性寒;归肝、胆、大肠经。清热燥湿,清肝明目,收涩止痢,止带。主治用于热毒泻痢,带下阴痒,肝热目赤肿痛,目生翳障。现代医学研究证实,秦皮煎剂对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、福氏痢疾杆菌、宋内痢疾杆菌均有抑制作用,对病毒亦有一定的抑制作用,如抗流感病毒、疱疹病毒等。
车前草:味甘、淡,性微寒;归肺、肝、肾、膀胱经。清热利尿,渗湿止泻,明目祛痰。主治小便不利,淋浊带下,水肿胀满,暑湿泻痢,目赤障翳,痰热咳喘。《药性沦》载:“能去风毒,肝中风热,毒风冲眼目,赤痛障翳,脑痛泪出,去心胸烦热”。现代医学证实,车前草清热利尿的功效。
望江南:味苦,性寒;归肺、肝、胃经。肃肺,清肝,和胃,消肿解毒。治咳嗽,哮喘,脘腹痞痛,血淋,便秘,头痛,目赤,疔疮肿毒,虫、蛇咬伤。《中国药植志》载:“治咳嗽,胃病,气块、气胀。”
荞麦:味甘、平,性寒;入脾、胃、大肠经。健胃收敛,降压止血。适用于高血压,毛细血管脆弱性出血,防治中风,视网膜出血,肺出血;外用收敛止汗,消炎。
青葙子:味苦,性寒;归肝经。祛民热,清肝火,明目退翳。主目赤肿痛,眼生翳膜,视物昏花,高血压病,鼻衄,皮肤风热瘙痒,疮癣。《药性论》载:“治肝脏热毒冲眼,赤障、青盲、翳肿。主恶疮疥瘙,治下部虫露疮。”
榕须:味苦、性平;归肺、脾、肾经。祛风清热,活血解毒。治流感,百日咳,麻疹不透,扁桃体炎,眼结膜炎,痧气腹痛,风湿骨痛,鼻衄,血淋,跌打损伤。广州部队《常用中草药手册》载:“清热解表,发汗透疹。治流感,感冒,扁桃体炎,眼结膜炎,疟疾,百日咳,麻疹不透。”
马齿苋:味甘、酸,性寒;入心、肝、脾、大肠经。收湿止痒、清热消肿、清热解毒,利水去湿,散血消肿,除尘杀菌,消炎止痛,止血凉血。现代医学研究证实,马齿苋对痢疾杆菌、伤寒杆菌和大肠杆菌有较强的抑制作用,可用于各种炎症的辅助治疗,素有“天然抗生素”之称。
干岩矸:味苦,性凉。清热解毒,凉血散瘀。主流行性感冒,咽喉肿痛,目赤疼痛,咳血,吐血,胃热脘痛,肝郁胁痛,湿热泻痢,痈肿疮毒,跌打肿痛。
夜关门:味苦、辛,性微温;入肝、肺、肾三经。补肝肾,益肺阴,散瘀消肿。主治遗精,遗尿,白浊,白带,哮喘,胃痛,劳伤,小儿疳积,泻痢,跌打损伤,视力减退,目赤,乳痈。体外试验证明,夜关门全草煎剂在6.25~25%以上浓度对金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎双球菌、甲链球菌及卡他球菌均有抑菌作用,对白色葡萄球菌、甲链球菌也有抑制作用。
蝉蜕:味甘,性寒;归肺、肝经。散风除热,利咽透疹,退翳解痉。用于风热感冒,咽痛,音哑,麻疹不透,风疹瘙痒,目赤翳障,惊风抽搐,破伤风。《纲目》载:“治头风眩运,皮肤风热,痘疹作痒,破伤风及疗肿毒疮,大人失音,小儿噤风天吊,惊哭夜啼,阴肿。”
甜石榴:味甘、酸、涩,性温。生津止渴,杀虫。主咽燥口渴,虫积,久痢。《滇南本草》载:“治筋骨疼痛,四肢无力,化虫,止痢,或咽喉疼痛肿胀,齿床出血,退胆热,明目。”
雨韭:味苦;性寒。清热,去湿,定喘,解毒。汪连仕《采药书》载:“去湿之功同茵陈。散一切疔毒,消痔漏,明目。”
芸苔子:味甘、辛,性温。行气祛瘀,消肿散结。用于痛经,产后淤血腹痛,恶露不净;外用治痈疖肿痛。《四川中药志》载:“能清虚胀,清肺,明目,治腹张,大便结;外用敷无名肿毒。”
苍术:味辛、苦,性温;归脾、胃经;芳烈燥散,可升可降,走而不守;具有燥湿健脾,辟秽化浊,祛风散寒,明目的功效;主治湿困脾胃,脘痞腹胀,呕恶泄泻,带下淋浊,瘟疫,瘴疠,疟疾,霍乱,风湿外感,寒湿着痹,脚气,痿症,夜盲症。
仙茅:味辛,性热,有毒,归肾、肝、脾经。补肾阳,强筋骨,祛寒湿。用于阳痿精冷,筋骨痿软,腰膝冷痹,阳虚冷泻。《海药本草》载:“主风,补暖腰脚,清安五脏,强筋骨,消食。宣而复补,主丈夫七伤,明耳目,益筋力,填骨髓,益阳。”
本发明与现有技术相比,具有以下有益效果:
本发明药物所选药材配伍相宜,符合中医药学和现代医药学理论,并具有目赤肿痛、迎风流泪、凉血止血、清肝明目之功效,对于白内障引起的目赤肿痛、迎风流泪、翳膜遮睛、眼边赤烂等具有独特疗效,且疗效显著,疗程短,见效快,治愈后不复发,安全无毒副作用,奇效实用,值得临床上广泛推广应用。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步阐述。
实施例1
本发明药物有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
一种治疗白内障的药物的制备方法,包括以下工艺步骤:
(1)将笔筒草、秦皮、青葙子、马齿苋、夜关门、蝉蜕、雨韭、芸苔子和苍术洗净,放入容器内,加入8~10倍量的蒸馏水,浸泡5~6小时后,煮沸3~4小时,提取;再次加入6~8倍量蒸馏水,煮沸2~3小时,提取;最后,加入4~6倍量蒸馏水,加热煮沸1~2小时,提取;合并三次提取液,过滤,得滤液,浓缩成60℃下相对密度为1.10~1.13的稠膏,备用;
(2)将车前草、望江南和甜石榴洗净,切碎,放入容器内,绞汁,滤杂质,留汁液备用;
(3)将荞麦置于锅内,武火炒制至表面呈黄色并有香味溢出,取出放凉,进行粉碎处理,研末,得到过200目的细粉,备用;
(4)将榕须和干岩矸洗净,浸入5倍量的80%的乙醇溶液浸泡1~2小时,加热提取3小时,回收乙醇,滤过,得滤液,浓缩为65℃下相对密度为1.12~1.16的稠膏,备用;
(5)将仙茅洗净,用黄酒拌匀,润透后文火炒至微干,取出晾至全干,置于研钵内,研末,得到过180目的细粉,备用;
(6)将上述步骤(1)~(5)所制得的稠膏、汁液以及细粉制成片剂,即得所述的治疗白内障的药物。
用法用量:口服,每日2次,早晚各1次,每次1片(每片0.5g),饭后温开水送服;7天为1个疗程,2~4个疗程即可痊愈,病情严重者遵医嘱酌增用量。
实施例2
本发明药物有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
本实施例的药物制备方法工艺步骤及用法用量与实施例1相同。
实施例3
本发明药物有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
本实施例的药物制备方法工艺步骤及用法用量与实施例1相同。
实施例4
本发明药物有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
本实施例的药物制备方法工艺步骤及用法用量与实施例1相同。
实施例5
本发明药物有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
本实施例的药物制备方法工艺步骤及用法用量与实施例1相同。
临床资料:
1、病例选择:
作为治疗白内障的药物,选择确诊的白内障患者118例临床观察,病人随机分成治疗组和对照组两组,治疗组59例,其中男性29例,女性30例,年龄31~62岁,平均年龄46.5岁,平均病程2年;对照组59例,其中男性30例,女性29例,年龄32~61岁,平均年龄46.5岁,平均病程2年。
治疗组和对照组两组病例的病程、症状轻重程度基本一致,无显著差异,具有可比性。
2、药物选择:
治疗组服用本发明药物,口服,每日2次,早晚各1次,每次1片(每片0.5g),饭后温开水送服;7天为1个疗程,2~4个疗程即可痊愈,病情严重者遵医嘱酌增用量。
对照组使用吡诺克辛钠滴眼液,滴眼,每日3~4次,每次1~2滴,疗程视病情而定。
3、疗效判定:
(1)治愈:白内障引起的目赤肿痛、迎风流泪、翳膜遮睛、眼边赤烂症状全部消失,眼部功能恢复正常。
(2)显效:白内障引起的目赤肿痛、迎风流泪、翳膜遮睛、眼边赤烂症状明显减轻,眼部功能明显好转。
(3)有效:白内障引起的目赤肿痛、迎风流泪、翳膜遮睛、眼边赤烂症状有所减轻,眼部功能有所好转。
(4)无效:通过治疗后白内障引起的目赤肿痛、迎风流泪、翳膜遮睛、眼边赤烂症状无减轻或加重。
4、结果:
选用本发明药物的治疗组中,治愈32例,显效17例,有效8例,无效2例,治愈率54.2%,总有效率96.6%。
对照组中治愈30例,显效11例,有效6例,无效12例,治愈率50.8%,总有效率79.7%。
以上结果显示,治疗组的治愈率和总有效率明显高于对照组。
典型病例举例:
1、赵某,女,38岁,上海杨浦区人。患者白内障,右眼的眼球被白内障盖住一半,使用过几种药物治疗,未见任何好转,经朋友介绍来我院就诊,服用本发明药物治疗,服用1个疗程后,症状有所好转,服用2个疗程后,症状消失,痊愈,1年后随访无复发。
2、李某,男,40岁,北京宣武区人。患者右眼视力逐渐下降,看视物模糊,去医院检查,右眼视力仅为0.2,被确诊为白内障,由于体质虚弱,医生建议服用本发明药物治疗,服用1个疗程后,症状有所缓解,服用3个疗程后,症状全部消失,经查右眼视力恢复为0.6,随访至今无复发。
3、魏某,女,41岁,辽宁鞍山人。患者因工作压力大,经常头痛,两眼视力下降,看东西模糊,去医院检查诊断为急性白内障;服用本发明药物治疗,服用1个疗程后,症状明显减轻,继续服用2个疗程后,症状消失,痊愈,半年后随访无复发。
4、阎某,男,39岁,江苏淮安人。患者患白内障,去医院就诊,使用过多种药物治疗,未见好转,来我院治疗给予本发明药物治疗,服用1个疗程后,症状有所减轻,继续服用2个疗程后,症状消失,痊愈,半年后随访无复发。
5、高某,女,47岁,山东菏泽人。患者双眼患白内障2年余,视力不好,由于心脏也不好,不易手术治疗,只能用药治疗,使用过多种药物治疗,未见好转,来我院治疗,给予服用本发明药物治疗,服用1个疗程后,不适症状有所减轻,服用3个疗程后,症状全部消失,视力恢复正常。
6、周某,男,50岁,安徽安庆人。患者患白内障1年余,因心脏不好不敢做手术,只能用药物治疗,使用多种治疗白内障的药物,治疗效果不佳,经人介绍服用本发明药物治疗,服用1个疗程后,症状有所好转,继续服用2个疗程后,症状消失,痊愈,半年后随访无复发。
Claims (5)
1.一种治疗白内障的药物,其特征在于:制成所述药物有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗白内障的药物,其特征在于:制成所述药物有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗白内障的药物,其特征在于:制成所述药物有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗白内障的药物,其特征在于:制成所述药物有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
5.一种如权利要求1~4任一项所述治疗白内障的药物的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下工艺步骤:
(1)将笔筒草、秦皮、青葙子、马齿苋、夜关门、蝉蜕、雨韭、芸苔子和苍术洗净,放入容器内,加入8~10倍量的蒸馏水,浸泡5~6小时后,煮沸3~4小时,提取;再次加入6~8倍量蒸馏水,煮沸2~3小时,提取;最后,加入4~6倍量蒸馏水,加热煮沸1~2小时,提取;合并三次提取液,过滤,得滤液,浓缩成60℃下相对密度为1.10~1.13的稠膏,备用;
(2)将车前草、望江南和甜石榴洗净,切碎,放入容器内,绞汁,滤杂质,留汁液备用;
(3)将荞麦置于锅内,武火炒制至表面呈黄色并有香味溢出,取出放凉,进行粉碎处理,研末,得到过200目的细粉,备用;
(4)将榕须和干岩矸洗净,浸入5倍量的80%的乙醇溶液浸泡1~2小时,加热提取3小时,回收乙醇,滤过,得滤液,浓缩为65℃下相对密度为1.12~1.16的稠膏,备用;
(5)将仙茅洗净,用黄酒拌匀,润透后文火炒至微干,取出晾至全干,置于研钵内,研末,得到过180目的细粉,备用;
(6)将上述步骤(1)~(5)所制得的稠膏、汁液以及细粉制成片剂,即得所述的治疗白内障的药物。
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