Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve the problems referred to above, and the method for designing of a kind of dry-type power transformer is provided.
For this, the present invention provides the method for designing of a kind of dry-type power transformer, it includes providing high pressure winding, low pressure winding and ferromagnetic core, high pressure winding and low pressure winding is made to be coaxially disposed and be passed by ferromagnetic core, high pressure winding arranges high voltage input terminal, low pressure winding arranges low-voltage output, at low-voltage output, connecting column is set, make connecting column be partially submerged into low-voltage output and with low-voltage output interference fit, the first columnar part of the conduction of setting and power bus-bar interference fit on connecting column, first columnar part is coaxially disposed second columnar part with electric conductivity, make the first columnar part and the second columnar part interference fit, second columnar part is arranged at the inside of the first columnar part, make the coefficient of thermal expansion coefficient of thermal expansion more than the first columnar part of the second columnar part.
Advantageously, the resistivity resistivity more than the first columnar part of the second described columnar part is made.
Specifically, the material of the second described columnar part is set to aluminum or aluminium alloy, the material of the first columnar part is set to copper or copper alloy.
Preferably, the ratio of the external diameter of the second described columnar part and the external diameter of the first columnar part is set to 0.5-0.8.
Specifically, the second columnar part is set to solid construction, the first columnar part is set to hollow structure, make the second columnar part run through the first columnar part.
Advantageously, being coaxially arranged with the second through hole inside connecting column, the outer cylinder at connecting column is radially arranged the first through hole, makes the first through hole and the connection of the second through hole, and the first through hole is arranged at the axial middle part of connecting column.
Beneficial effect
Owing to the method for designing of dry-type power transformer disclosed by the invention is to be coupled with power bus-bar with the connecting mode of docking by low-voltage output, relative to existing overlapping overlapping mode, it can bring following beneficial effect.
1. the identical lap of splice produces more conductive area, and then reduces electric current density, it is achieved the low-temperature-rise of connection place.
2., without busbar being carried out overlapping overlap joint, reducing the consumption of busbar, having saved resource.
3., owing to eliminating fastening screw screw bolt and nut, so increasing electric clearance or safe distance, improve the electrical security of equipment.
4., owing to eliminating fastening screw screw bolt and nut, so the distance between connection place and non conductive component becomes big, and taking up room of transformator does not increase.
Detailed description of the invention
R in present specification represents radius.
As shown in Figure 1, it it is the low-voltage output connecting mode with power bus-bar of existing dry-type power transformer, the connecting mode adopted is overlapping overlapping mode, after power bus-bar and low-voltage output overlap certain length, with screw bolt and nut, the two is fastened again, such connecting mode is defined as overlap joint, as shown in Figure 2.
As shown in Figure 5, being dry-type power transformer disclosed by the invention, it has high pressure winding, low pressure winding and ferromagnetic core, high pressure winding and low pressure winding and is coaxially disposed and is passed by ferromagnetic core, high pressure winding is provided with high voltage input terminal, and low pressure winding is provided with low-voltage output.
As shown in Figure 6, low-voltage output is provided with connecting column, connecting column be partially submerged into low-voltage output and with low-voltage output interference fit, embedded length is the half of connecting column length, the lower half of connecting column embeds low-voltage output, and connecting column is coupled by the pin in low-voltage output front with the fastening of both low-voltage outputs.
As shown in Figure 3-4, pre-manufactured hole on power bus-bar is inserted in the connecting column on low-voltage output, power bus-bar and connecting column interference fit, the end face of power bus-bar is fitted with the end face of low-voltage output, connecting column is coupled by the pin in power bus-bar front with the fastening of both power bus-bars, and such connecting mode is defined as docking.
As shown in Figure 7, it is existing power bus-bar overlapping mode and the size comparison of power bus-bar docking mode disclosed by the invention schemes, the first half is the low-voltage output overlapping mode with power bus-bar of existing dry-type power transformer, lower half is the low-voltage output docking mode with power bus-bar of dry-type power transformer disclosed by the invention, and in figure, the solid line on right side is the boost line designed to calculate electric clearance or safe distance.In order to strengthen the contrast effect of two kinds of connecting modes, connecting mode disclosed by the invention is set directly at the lower section of existing connecting mode.Two kinds of connecting modes the lap of splice the same, be all L5, be presented as: the overlap length of the power bus-bar under existing connecting mode and low-voltage output is L5, and the length of the connecting column under connecting mode disclosed by the invention is also L5.The directly perceived change that two kinds of connecting modes bring is exactly the significant change of relative dimensions, L1 is the electric clearance under existing connecting mode or safe distance, L2 is the electric clearance under connecting mode disclosed by the invention or safe distance, L3 is that the connection place under existing connecting mode takies width, and the connection place that L4 is under connecting mode disclosed by the invention takies width.Can visually see from figure: L2 is significantly greater than L1, the size of increase is approximately busbar thickness and adds bolt head height.L4 is significantly less than L3, and the size of reduction is approximately busbar thickness and adds bolt head height and add height of nut and add the height of the prominent nut of bolt tail.Therefore, the factor (electric clearance or safe distance) that power equipment is favourable is improved, and the disadvantageous factor of power equipment (taking up room) is obtained minimizing.
As it is shown in figure 9, a kind of connecting column disclosed by the invention, it has columned profile, and end is provided with chamfering convenient for assembly.
As shown in Figure 10, in the first columnar part 1, it is coaxially disposed the second columnar part 2, the first columnar part 1 and the second columnar part 2 interference fit.
As shown in figure 11, the first columnar part 1 has the structure of hollow, and the second columnar part 2 runs through the first columnar part 1, and the ratio of the external diameter of the second columnar part 2 and the external diameter of the first columnar part 1 is 0.5-0.8.First and second columnar part 1,2 all has electric conductivity, and the coefficient of thermal expansion of the second columnar part 2 is more than the coefficient of thermal expansion of the first columnar part 1, and the resistivity of the second columnar part 2 is more than the resistivity of the first columnar part 1.
Be assemblied in low-voltage output and power bus-bar when connecting column after, pre-manufactured hole interference fit due to the first columnar part 1 with low-voltage output and busbar, so, the first columnar part 1 and low-voltage output and busbar fit tightly, and the first columnar part 1 of connecting column fully carries electric current.Due to the first columnar part 1 and the second columnar part 2 also interference fit, so the first columnar part 1 and the second columnar part 2 also fit tightly, the second columnar part 2 also fully carries electric current.nullTherefore,The heat effect of the first columnar part 1 and the second columnar part 2 can give full play to,Owing to the resistivity of the second columnar part 2 is more than the resistivity of the first columnar part 1,So the temperature of the second columnar part 2 can be higher than the first columnar part 1,Owing to the coefficient of thermal expansion of the second columnar part 2 is more than the coefficient of thermal expansion of the first columnar part 1,Therefore,When temperature and coefficient of thermal expansion are all relatively high,The radially enlarged phenomenon of the second columnar part 2 can be significantly greater than the radially enlarged phenomenon of the first columnar part 1,Therefore the second columnar part 2 can fit tightly the first columnar part 1 and apply radially outer pressure to the first columnar part 1,The radial dimension thus making the first columnar part 1 also outwards becomes big,The pre-manufactured hole ultimately resulting in the first columnar part 1 and low-voltage output and power bus-bar more fits tightly,Also provide radially outer pressure to pre-manufactured hole simultaneously,Namely the pressure ratio connecting column between connecting column and low-voltage output and busbar is bigger when just assembling,Increasing contact pressure can also make the temperature rise of contact site reduce.
As can be seen here, the coupling of interference fit between each feature, the coupling of resistivity and coefficient of thermal expansion has obvious action to reducing the low-voltage output temperature rise with busbar connection place, effect between three is complementary, originally interference fit makes resistivity and coefficient of thermal expansion have the basis played a role, and the effect that resistivity and coefficient of thermal expansion produce exacerbates interference fit, finally so that the contact pressure of connection place strengthens.
As shown in figure 12, cross section is foursquare power bus-bar, and centre is provided with a pre-manufactured hole receiving connecting column, and pre-manufactured hole circumference is R to the distance of bus bar edge, and busbar width is L6.When adopting existing overlapping splicing processes to couple, the conductive area of connection place is
S1=L6xL5=(R+2R+R) xL5=4RxL5(L5 is the lap of splice, as shown in Figure 7)
And when adopting connecting column to couple, the conductive area of connection place is
S2=2πRxL5
Therefore,
S2:S1=2πR:4R=π/2≈1.57
So, adopt the mode of connecting column overlap joint can obtain more contact area.Obviously, when meeting mechanical strength, increase the diameter of pre-manufactured hole, reduce hole back gauge and can obtain bigger contact area.
As shown in figure 13, cross section is rectangular power bus-bar, and centre arranges 3 pre-manufactured holes receiving connecting column, and pre-manufactured hole circumference is R to the distance of bus bar edge, and the beeline between each hole is R, and busbar width is L6.When adopting existing overlapping splicing processes to couple,
The conductive area of connection place is
S1=L6xL5=(4R+3x2R)xL5=10RxL5
And when adopting connecting column to couple, the conductive area of connection place is
S2=3x2πRxL5=6πRxL5
Therefore,
S2:S1=6πR:10R=3π/5≈1.884
So, adopt the mode of connecting column overlap joint can obtain more contact area.Obviously, when meeting mechanical strength, increase the diameter of pre-manufactured hole, reduce hole back gauge and can obtain bigger contact area.
Therefore, connecting column disclosed by the invention creates the good effect of two aspects, and one is the increase in contact pressure, two is increased considerably conductive area, under the combined effect of the two active factor, the temperature rise of connection place is greatly lowered, it is achieved that the purpose of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 8, the low-voltage output of dry-type power transformer disclosed by the invention, the material of the first columnar part 1 of connecting column is copper, and the material of the second columnar part 2 is aluminum.Before connecting column is assemblied in low-voltage output, first processing 3 pre-manufactured holes receiving connecting columns at the end face 5 of low-voltage output along the length direction of outfan, the diameter of pre-manufactured hole is slightly less than the external diameter of connecting column, makes connecting column and pre-manufactured hole interference fit diametrically;The degree of depth of the pre-manufactured hole connecting column length slightly larger than 0.5 times, after pre-manufactured hole processes, the half length of connecting column is inserted in pre-manufactured hole, the first through hole in the middle part of connecting column is made to be in end face 5 place, vertically process the through hole for assembling pin from the front 3 of low-voltage output, make through hole run through front 3 and the back side 4 of low-voltage output, and run through connecting column simultaneously, the axis of through hole and the axes intersect of connecting column, coupled the fastening of both low-voltage output and connecting column by pin.
Before power bus-bar is assemblied in low-voltage output, first processing 3 pre-manufactured holes at the end face 5 of power bus-bar along busbar length direction, the diameter of pre-manufactured hole is slightly less than the external diameter coupling pillar, makes connecting column and pre-manufactured hole interference fit diametrically;The degree of depth of the pre-manufactured hole connecting column length slightly larger than 0.5 times, after pre-manufactured hole processes, pre-manufactured hole on power bus-bar is inserted in the connecting column revealed on low-voltage output, until the end face 5 of the end face 5 of power bus-bar and low-voltage output is fitted, the through hole for assembling pin is vertically processed from the front 3 of power bus-bar, through hole is made to run through front 3 and the back side 4 of power bus-bar, and run through connecting column simultaneously, the axis of through hole and the axes intersect of connecting column, by pin, the fastening of both power bus-bar and connecting column is coupled, the fastening finally achieving power bus-bar and low-voltage output couples.
After low-voltage output and power bus-bar docking, making connecting column and pre-manufactured hole matched in clearance in the axial direction, be conducive to being close to of the end face of low-voltage output and the end face of power bus-bar, the head processing of pre-manufactured hole has the chamfering of convenient installation.Due to hole and pin interference fit, after pin is seated, can limiting low-voltage output and mutual the moving axially of power bus-bar, finally make low-voltage output, connecting column, power bus-bar, pin firmly couples together.
As shown in figure 14, in order to distinguish each face of busbar and low-voltage output, end face 5 is defined as the thickness with busbar (or low-voltage output) and the face of width composition, namely identifies the face of 5 in Figure 14.Front and back is defined as the width with busbar (or low-voltage output) and the face of length composition, namely identifies the face of 3,4 in figure, and 3 is front, and 4 is the back side.
As shown in Figure 10, the inside of the second columnar part 2 is coaxially arranged with the second through hole 7, first columnar part 6 has hollow structure, second columnar part 2 runs through the first columnar part 1, the outer cylinder of the first columnar part 1 is radially arranged the first through hole 6, first through hole 6 connects with the second through hole 7, and the first through hole 6 is positioned at the axial middle part of the first columnar part 1.
Setting due to through hole 6,7, make connecting column in inserting the process of pre-manufactured hole of low-voltage output, air in pre-manufactured hole can successfully be discharged from the second through hole 7, and then connecting column can be successfully seated, when power bus-bar is inserted in already installed connecting column, air in the pre-manufactured hole of power bus-bar can be smoothly through the second through hole 7 and discharge from the first through hole 6, and then the second busbar can be seated smoothly.