CN105760859A - Method and device for identifying reticulate pattern face image based on multi-task convolutional neural network - Google Patents
Method and device for identifying reticulate pattern face image based on multi-task convolutional neural network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a method and a device for identifying a reticulate pattern face image based on a multi-task convolutional neural network. The method comprises the steps of: collecting reticulate pattern face image and corresponding clear face image pairs, then using the multi-task convolutional neural network to respectively design object functions based on regression and classification, training a face image reticulate pattern removing model, and finally inputting the reticulate pattern face image into the trained reticulate pattern removing model to obtain a face image without reticulate pattern, thereby performing subsequent face image identification tasks. According to the method, a multi-task learning frame is adopted, the task for restoring a reticulate pattern image to a clear image is expressed as two object functions which are assistant with each other, and the convolutional neural network is utilized to learn complicated nonlinear transformation referred therein. The method not only effectively improves convergence rate during model training, but also can greatly improve image restoration effect and generalization ability, thereby greatly improving identification accuracy rate of the reticulate pattern face image.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to computer vision, pattern recognition, the technical field such as machine learning, particularly a kind of reticulate pattern facial image recognition method based on multitask convolutional neural networks (Multi-taskConvNetforFaceRecognition is called for short MTCN).
Background technology
As the one of biometrics identification technology, recognition of face, due to its feature untouchable and accurate, convenient, has good development and application prospect.Face recognition technology has all played highly important effect, such as airport security, frontier inspection clearance etc. in many application scenarios.Traditional face recognition technology mainly under Same Scene, the data gathered in different periods.But identify the raising of the level of technology along with current face, in order to use face recognition technology more easily.The face recognition technology of identity-based card-living photo comparison starts to obtain more concern gradually.This technology can be thrown in more easily in airport clearance and bank such as remotely open an account at the application scenarios, it is possible to need not register in advance and just can correctly identify, convenience when face recognition technology use is greatly improved.
Current identity card-living photo comparison technology or the difficult problem of a comparison.On the one hand, owing to gathering the difference of environment and collecting device, substantially, this is a heterogeneous recognition of face problem.In heterogeneous recognition of face problem, owing in the class that numerous reasons cause, difference is very big, thus it is very difficult to solve.On the other hand, in order to protect the ID Card Image of user not abused by lawless person, the identity card picture read out by card reader of ID card is mostly added random reticulate pattern and does watermark.It is protected that these moire make privacy of user be able to, and but machine is carried out recognition of face and causes huge interference.Random reticulate pattern greatly reduces the accuracy rate of the steps such as Face datection, critical point detection and feature extraction, thus having a strong impact on final recognition effect.
In recent years, degree of depth study all achieves, in the various fields of machine vision, the effect attracted people's attention.The model wherein attracted attention the most surely belongs to convolutional neural networks, and this class model uses multilamellar convolutional layer and pond layer, it is possible to extract hierarchical feature, it is achieved stronger non-linear expression.Convolutional neural networks, in fields such as object classification, action recognition, image segmentation and recognitions of face, all achieves the effect being significantly stronger than traditional method.In some Low Level Vision problems, such as image denoising, Image Super-resolution, in the problem such as image deblurring, this model also all achieves good effect.
In order to solve the identification problem of reticulate pattern facial image, we can pass through algorithm and recover the clear face image without reticulate pattern from reticulate pattern facial image.Utilize convolutional neural networks as above can train a model for directly recovering facial image clearly from reticulate pattern human face data.But simply using reticulate pattern image as input, picture rich in detail is as output, and training neutral net effectiveness comparison out is general, and trains process veryer long, restrains slower.It is additionally, since training process and lacks certain priori guiding, the model generalization poor-performing of training.
Summary of the invention
Accuracy rate during in order to improve reticulate pattern facial image for recognition of face, the present invention proposes a kind of reticulate pattern facial image recognition method based on multitask convolutional neural networks.Accuracy rate during in order to improve reticulate pattern image for recognition of face, first the present invention recovers the clear face image without reticulate pattern with reticulate pattern image.The present invention uses model framework based on convolutional neural networks, priori according to specific tasks, devise the Optimized model of a multitask, optimize residual error to return and reticulate pattern two tasks of prediction simultaneously, optimize the convergence rate being conducive to promoting network training simultaneously, and final model has convergence rate and recovery effects faster, and be effectively increased the generalization ability of model.
The present invention proposes a kind of reticulate pattern facial image recognition method based on multitask convolutional neural networks, specifically implements according to following steps:
The clear face image of step S1, collection reticulate pattern facial image and correspondence is to as sample image pair, forming training dataset, for each sample image to obtaining indicating the label figure of reticulate pattern position by threshold method.
Step S2, training obtain going out the convolutional neural networks model of the clear face image without reticulate pattern from reticulate pattern face image restoration, including:
Utilize the sample image pair that described training data is concentrated, train a multitask convolutional neural networks, in training process, the reticulate pattern facial image of input is processed by multiple convolutional layers of this multitask convolutional neural networks first half, latter half is divided into two tasks, is utilized respectively the data after process and corresponding loss object function is trained;Main task in wherein said two tasks, for returning clear face image and the difference of reticulate pattern facial image, obtains residual image;Nonproductive task, for predicting the reticulate pattern position of reticulate pattern facial image, obtains the reticulate pattern image of prediction;The convolutional neural networks model finally trained be finally output as described residual image and the addition of reticulate pattern position, namely without the clear face image of reticulate pattern;
The convolutional neural networks model that step S3, use train, recovers clear face image to be identified, and uses clear face image to be identified to carry out recognition of face.
The invention allows for a kind of reticulate pattern facial image identification device based on multitask convolutional neural networks, including:
Training sample acquisition module, for collecting reticulate pattern facial image and corresponding clear face image to as sample image pair, forming training dataset, for each sample image to obtaining indicating the label figure of reticulate pattern position by threshold method.
Convolutional neural networks training module, for training the convolutional neural networks model obtaining going out the clear face image without reticulate pattern from reticulate pattern face image restoration, including:
Utilize the sample image pair that described training data is concentrated, train a multitask convolutional neural networks, in training process, the reticulate pattern facial image of input is processed by multiple convolutional layers of this multitask convolutional neural networks first half, latter half is divided into two tasks, is utilized respectively the data after process and corresponding loss object function is trained;Main task in wherein said two tasks, for returning clear face image and the difference of reticulate pattern facial image, obtains residual image;Nonproductive task, for predicting the reticulate pattern position of reticulate pattern facial image, obtains the reticulate pattern image of prediction;The image recognition model finally trained be finally output as described residual image and the addition of reticulate pattern position, namely without the clear face image of reticulate pattern;
Identification module, for using the convolutional neural networks model trained, recovers clear face image to be identified, and uses clear face image to be identified to carry out recognition of face.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: the present invention is directed to a particular problem in recognition of face, identity card photograph-living photo comparison problem a, it is proposed that method being widely applied meaning.The method can recover the clear face image without reticulate pattern by multitask convolutional neural networks from reticulate pattern image, and utilizes the clear face image recovered to carry out recognition of face.The multitask convolutional neural networks model that the present invention proposes, employs the multiobject optimal way of multitask so that model is restrained faster, better effects if, and Generalization Capability is higher.By the first descreening identifying schemes again that the present invention proposes, it is possible to increase substantially the accuracy rate of the recognition of face of reticulate pattern image.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the example of the reticulate pattern facial image studied of the present invention and clear face image;
Fig. 2 is the method flow diagram of the reticulate pattern facial image recognition method in the present invention based on multitask convolutional neural networks;
Fig. 3 is the network diagram of multitask convolutional neural networks model in the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
The present invention, by the conversion of convolutional neural networks one nonlinearity of study of multitask, is used for recovering the picture rich in detail without reticulate pattern from reticulate pattern image, and uses picture rich in detail to carry out follow-up recognition of face.
Fig. 1 is the exemplary diagram of reticulate pattern facial image used in the present invention and clear face image.
Fig. 2 is a kind of reticulate pattern facial image recognition method flow chart based on multitask convolutional neural networks that the present invention proposes, and the method includes following step as shown in Figure 2:
Step S1, gathers reticulate pattern facial image and corresponding clear face image to as training dataset, described image pair in the same size, gray-scale map or coloured image;To described image to doing difference, obtain the bianry image of instruction reticulate pattern distributing position as label figure according to certain threshold value.Wherein, reticulate pattern facial image is expressed as x, and corresponding clear face figure is expressed as y, and corresponding label figure is expressed as lr.
Step S2, utilizes the image pair that described training data is concentrated, and trains multitask convolutional neural networks model, to be used for recovering facial image y clearly from reticulate pattern facial image x.Identical in order to ensure input and output image size, convolutional neural networks only comprises convolutional layer, and all adds the operation of benefit limit at each convolutional layer, namely by expanded images edge pixel so that after convolution operation, the size of image is constant.In one embodiment, described convolutional neural networks structure is made up of 6 layers of convolutional layer and corresponding correction linear unit, and wherein every layer of convolutional layer has the wave filter of 64 3*3 sizes.The number of the number of plies of convolutional layer and every layer of convolutional layer median filter and big I carry out selecting to arrange according to practical situation.As it is shown on figure 3, by the input layer in original image input to described convolutional neural networks, after multilamellar convolutional layer and nonlinear transformation layer operation, obtain convolution results and nonlinear transformation result;In task one, the convolution of abovementioned layers and nonlinear transformation result are input in the wave filter of an only one of which convolution kernel, obtaining a size characteristic pattern identical with input picture, this, as the convolutional neural networks prediction to residual error, is used for calculating the loss of task one together with actual value.In task two, equally convolution and the nonlinear transformation result of abovementioned layers are input in the wave filter of an other only one of which convolution kernel, and the characteristic pattern obtained is carried out nonlinear transformation through a S type function, the result of conversion as the result polluting position prediction, can calculate target loss together with the actual value provided in training set.
In this step, utilize the sample image pair that described training data is concentrated, train a multitask convolutional neural networks, in training process, the reticulate pattern facial image of input is processed by multiple convolutional layers of this multitask convolutional neural networks first half, latter half is divided into two tasks, is utilized respectively the data after process and corresponding loss object function is trained;Main task in wherein said two tasks, for returning clear face image and the difference of reticulate pattern facial image, obtains residual image;Nonproductive task, for predicting the reticulate pattern position of reticulate pattern facial image, obtains the reticulate pattern image of prediction;The convolutional neural networks model finally trained be finally output as described residual image and the addition of reticulate pattern position, namely without the clear face image of reticulate pattern.
The present invention utilizes the nonlinearity capability of fitting of described convolutional neural networks, these specific tasks of picture rich in detail are recovered for reticulate pattern image, constructing with reticulate pattern image for input, the error image of picture rich in detail and reticulate pattern image is as the convolutional neural networks model of output.Especially, this network can return out picture rich in detail and the difference of reticulate pattern image, rather than directly returns out picture rich in detail.So, by network as shown in Figure 2, use two relevant tasks, it is possible to train a convolutional neural networks that can recover picture rich in detail, such that it is able to reticulate pattern face image restoration to be become the clear face image not having reticulate pattern to pollute.Although the output of network is the difference of picture rich in detail and reticulate pattern image, but when identifying, it is only necessary to the picture rich in detail that the output of network and reticulate pattern image addition can be restored out.
Concrete, two tasks of multiple target convolutional neural networks respectively return the difference of picture rich in detail and reticulate pattern image and the position of prediction reticulate pattern.Especially, return difference object function can by minimize with mean square error be representative a series of object functions complete, such as:
Wherein, J1(w1) represent that picture rich in detail returns the object function of difference, w1For the parameter of the needs training that this object function relates to, r=x-y is reticulate pattern image x and the residual error of prediction picture rich in detail y,Representing the picture rich in detail recurrence device that neutral net is acquired, i, j represents the pixel coordinate in image, and N represents the training sample sum that training data is concentrated.
The task of prediction reticulate pattern position can be expressed as whether a certain pixel of predicted picture is this two classification problem of reticulate pattern.This problem can with minimize using logistical regression loss be representative a series of Classification Loss functions as optimization aim, such as:
Wherein, J2(w2) represent the object function predicting reticulate pattern position, w2Parameter for the needs training that this object function relates to, φ represents and represents the reticulate pattern position forecaster that neutral net is acquired, l represents the bianry image of reticulate pattern position in input picture, its size is the same with input picture, it is used for characterizing which region of input picture contaminated, wherein pixel is the region of zero is uncontaminated region, and pixel is 1 and illustrates that this region is contaminated.
Above-mentioned convolutional neural networks, the task of regression residuals is as main task, and predicts that the task of reticulate pattern position is nonproductive task, and the final goal function of described convolutional neural networks is: J (w1, w2)=J1(w1)+αJ2(w2), α is the weight parameter of nonproductive task.In above-mentioned object function, the parameter in all parameters and abovementioned layers carries out such as through minimizing above-mentioned total object function.The training of model can be undertaken by back-propagation algorithm, and continuous iteration updates each layer parameter, minimizes this object function.
Described convolutional neural networks is trained as follows:
Two tasks are added identical weight, namely initialize α=1 by step S21: the initial stage of network training;
Step S22: the sample input concentrated by described training data is trained as described convolutional neural networks, until total object function J (w1, w2)=J1(w1)+αJ2(w2) tend towards stability;
Step S23: reduce the weight parameter of described nonproductive task, goes to step S22 and continues training, until the weight parameter of described nonproductive task reduces to 0;
Step S24: continue training, until training loss J (w1, w2)=J1(w1)+αJ2(w2) do not continue to reduce, at this moment can preserve the currency of each layer parameter in network, as the parameter of final mask.
Step S3, for new reticulate pattern facial image, is entered in the convolutional neural networks trained, obtains the difference of picture rich in detail and reticulate pattern image, and this value and reticulate pattern image addition can recover the clear face image without reticulate pattern.Next can by traditional recognition of face step, through Face datection, critical point detection and after feature extraction, carry out corresponding aspect ratio pair, complete recognition of face task.
In order to describe the specific embodiment of the present invention and checking effectiveness of the invention in detail, the recognition of face task of method one reticulate pattern image of application that the present invention is proposed by we.Concrete, in order to train the multitask convolutional neural networks model of descreening, we prepared 500,000 facial images with reticulate pattern and its correspondence without reticulate pattern picture rich in detail, and calculate the label figure of the reticulate pattern position of instruction correspondence image pair.Utilize network structure and object function that we design, with reticulate pattern facial image for input, utilize gradient anti-pass to train this neutral net.Training process constantly adjusts the weight of different task, until last network convergence, obtains the model for recovering clear face image.
In order to test the effectiveness of this model, we have additionally prepared the identity card picture clearly (everyone) of 300 people and corresponding individual living photo 300, it is notable that these 300 people are not present in training set.This data set can be used to test the effect of algorithm during identity card-living photo comparison.Using clear identity card according to when comparing with living photo, accuracy rate when using the depth characteristic of the heterogeneous recognition of face of a kind of special disposal to be identified is such as shown in table 1 first row.Follow-up experiment, we use this feature to carry out recognition of face.Discrimination time for calibration tape reticulate pattern image for recognition of face, we give these 300 the random reticulate patterns of face addition clearly, generate the identity card with reticulate pattern and shine.This series of images and corresponding clear living photo is used to carry out recognition of face, it has been found that its discrimination (such as table 1) is greatly lowered.Afterwards, we use the multitask convolutional neural networks model trained, and from above-mentioned with recovering facial image clearly the facial image of reticulate pattern, then carry out recognition of face with corresponding living photo, and concrete recognition result is as shown in table 1.Although also having certain gap with the discrimination of original clear picture, but have compared with the recognition result with reticulate pattern facial image and significantly promoted.These embodiment valid certificates method proposed by the invention effectiveness to reticulate pattern facial image identification.
Table 1 is the accuracy rate comparing result table that the face recognition accuracy rate after the present invention processes is for recognition of face with untreated reticulate pattern image and normal picture rich in detail, as follows:
TPRFPR=1% | TPRFPR=0.1% | TPRFPR=0.01% | |
Picture rich in detail | 91.20 | 75.20 | 50.20 |
Reticulate pattern image | 49.00 | 30.80 | 16.40 |
Descreening image | 81.00 | 57.80 | 29.20 |
Particular embodiments described above; the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect have been further described; it it should be understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; it is not limited to the present invention; all within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any amendment of making, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the reticulate pattern facial image recognition method based on multitask convolutional neural networks, it is characterised in that specifically implement according to following steps:
The clear face image of step S1, collection reticulate pattern facial image and correspondence is to as sample image pair, forming training dataset, for each sample image to obtaining indicating the label figure of reticulate pattern position by threshold method.
Step S2, training obtain going out the convolutional neural networks model of the clear face image without reticulate pattern from reticulate pattern face image restoration, including:
Utilize the sample image pair that described training data is concentrated, train a multitask convolutional neural networks, in training process, the reticulate pattern facial image of input is processed by multiple convolutional layers of this multitask convolutional neural networks first half, latter half is divided into two tasks, is utilized respectively the data after process and corresponding loss object function is trained;Main task in wherein said two tasks, for returning clear face image and the difference of reticulate pattern facial image, obtains residual image;Nonproductive task, for predicting the reticulate pattern position of reticulate pattern facial image, obtains the reticulate pattern image of prediction;The convolutional neural networks model finally trained be finally output as described residual image and the addition of reticulate pattern position, namely without the clear face image of reticulate pattern;
The convolutional neural networks model that step S3, use train, recovers clear face image to be identified, and uses clear face image to be identified to carry out recognition of face.
2. the reticulate pattern facial image recognition method based on multitask convolutional neural networks according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step S1, the reticulate pattern facial image gathered is in the same size with corresponding clear face image pair, and each sample image concentrated for training data obtains the bianry image indicating the position of reticulate pattern distribution as label figure to according to certain threshold value.
3. the reticulate pattern facial image recognition method based on multitask convolutional neural networks according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step S2 includes:
Step S21: initializing the weight parameter making two tasks equal, wherein, total object function is J (w1, w2)=J1(w1)+αJ2(w2), J1(w1) represent main task object function, J2(w2) for the object function of nonproductive task;w1、w2The respectively training parameter in main task and nonproductive task object function;α is the weight parameter of nonproductive task, initializes α=1 in this step;
Step S22: the sample input concentrated by described training data is trained as described convolutional neural networks, until total object function J (w1, w2)=J1(w1)+αJ2(w2) tend towards stability, wherein;
Step S23: reduce the weight parameter of described nonproductive task, goes to step S22 and continues training, until the weight parameter of described nonproductive task reduces to 0;
Step S24: continue training, until training loss no longer reduces, thus obtaining final convolutional neural networks model.
4. the reticulate pattern facial image recognition method based on multitask convolutional neural networks as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the object function of main task is expressed as:
Wherein, r=x-y is reticulate pattern image x and the residual error of prediction picture rich in detail y,Representing the picture rich in detail recurrence device that neutral net is acquired, i, j represents the pixel coordinate in image, and N represents the training sample sum that training data is concentrated.
5. the reticulate pattern facial image recognition method based on multitask convolutional neural networks as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the object function of nonproductive task is expressed as:
6. the reticulate pattern facial image identification device based on multitask convolutional neural networks, it is characterised in that including:
Training sample acquisition module, for collecting reticulate pattern facial image and corresponding clear face image to as sample image pair, forming training dataset, for each sample image to obtaining indicating the label figure of reticulate pattern position by threshold method.
Convolutional neural networks training module, for training the convolutional neural networks model obtaining going out the clear face image without reticulate pattern from reticulate pattern face image restoration, including:
Utilize the sample image pair that described training data is concentrated, train a multitask convolutional neural networks, in training process, the reticulate pattern facial image of input is processed by multiple convolutional layers of this multitask convolutional neural networks first half, latter half is divided into two tasks, is utilized respectively the data after process and corresponding loss object function is trained;Main task in wherein said two tasks, for returning clear face image and the difference of reticulate pattern facial image, obtains residual image;Nonproductive task, for predicting the reticulate pattern position of reticulate pattern facial image, obtains the reticulate pattern image of prediction;The image recognition model finally trained be finally output as described residual image and the addition of reticulate pattern position, namely without the clear face image of reticulate pattern;
Identification module, for using the convolutional neural networks model trained, recovers clear face image to be identified, and uses clear face image to be identified to carry out recognition of face.
7. the reticulate pattern facial image identification device based on multitask convolutional neural networks according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, the reticulate pattern facial image gathered is in the same size with corresponding clear face image pair, and each sample image concentrated for training data obtains the bianry image indicating the position of reticulate pattern distribution as label figure to according to certain threshold value.
8. the reticulate pattern facial image identification device based on multitask convolutional neural networks according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described convolutional neural networks module includes:
Initialization module, for initializing so that the weight parameter of two tasks is equal, wherein, total object function is J (w1, w2)=J1(w1)+αJ2(w2), J1(w1) represent main task object function, J2(w2) for the object function of nonproductive task;w1、w2The respectively training parameter in main task and nonproductive task object function;α is the weight parameter of nonproductive task, initializes α=1 in this step;
Initial training module, is trained as described convolutional neural networks for the sample input concentrated by described training data, until total object function J (w1, w2)=J1(w1)+αJ2(w2) tend towards stability, wherein;
Degree of depth training module, for reducing the weight parameter of described nonproductive task, turns initial training module and continues training, until the weight parameter of described nonproductive task reduces to 0;
Training result output module, is used for continuing training, until training loss no longer reduces, thus obtaining final image recognition model.
9. the reticulate pattern facial image identification device based on multitask convolutional neural networks as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that the object function of main task is expressed as:
Wherein, r=x-y is reticulate pattern image x and the residual error of prediction picture rich in detail y,Representing the picture rich in detail recurrence device that neutral net is acquired, i, j represents the pixel coordinate in image, and N represents the training sample sum that training data is concentrated.
10. the reticulate pattern facial image identification device based on multitask convolutional neural networks as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that the object function of nonproductive task is expressed as:
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