CN105760108B - A kind of method and apparatus of data storage - Google Patents
A kind of method and apparatus of data storage Download PDFInfo
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- CN105760108B CN105760108B CN201410784000.5A CN201410784000A CN105760108B CN 105760108 B CN105760108 B CN 105760108B CN 201410784000 A CN201410784000 A CN 201410784000A CN 105760108 B CN105760108 B CN 105760108B
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of method and apparatus of data storage, solve the problems, such as that existing RAID technique at most provides two pieces of hard disk fault-tolerant abilitys.This method is applied to storage array, includes n storage equipment in the storage array, this method comprises: data to be stored is split as M data block, whereinThe m is the preset positive integer less than n-1；M-n+1 data block is at least stored in each storage equipment, wherein, any m+1 storage equipment contains at least one identical data block in the n storage equipment, and different two-by-two m+1 stores at least one data block difference in the identical block that equipment includes.This method is suitable for technical field of memory.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method and apparatus that technical field of memory more particularly to a kind of data store.
Background technique
With the higher and higher and common integrated drive electronics (Integrated of the requirement to Information Security
Drive Electronics, IDE) hard disk speed is low, and performance is not sufficiently stable, it is impossible to be used in storage critical data, and efficiently,
Stable, reliable small computer system interface (Small Computer System Interface, SCSI) hard disk price is high
Expensive, many medium-sized and small enterprises powerlessly buy.
Therefore, cheap/redundant array of independent disks (Redundant Array of Inexpensive/
Independent Disks, RAID) arise, the basic principle of RAID be it is a kind of the independent hard disk of muti-piece by not Tongfang
Formula combines to form a disk group, to provide storage performance more higher than single hard disk.
Different combinations is known as RAID level (RAID level).The RAID technique having already appeared at present mainly includes
The data standards such as RAID0-RADI7, still, existing RAID technique at most provide the fault-tolerant ability of two pieces of hard disks, when two pieces with
On hard disc data lose when, the data of loss can not be restored by RAID technique.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of method and apparatus of data storage, solves existing RAID technique and at most provides two
The problem of block hard disk fault-tolerant ability.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the embodiment of the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
In a first aspect, this method is applied to storage array the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of method of data storage, it should
It include n storage equipment in storage array, this method comprises:
Data to be stored is split as M data block, whereinThe m is preset just whole less than n-1
Number；
M-n+1 data block is at least stored in each storage equipment, wherein any m in the n storage equipment
+ 1 storage equipment contains at least one identical data block, and the identical data that m+1 different two-by-two storage equipment includes
At least one data block is different in block.
It is with reference to first aspect, described at least to be deposited in each storage equipment in the first possible embodiment
Enter M-n+1 data block to specifically include:
The n storage equipment is divided into M group storage equipment group, wherein each storage equipment group includes m+1 storage
Equipment, and the storage equipment that any two storage equipment group includes is not exactly the same；
It is at least stored in an identical data block in m+1 storage equipment of each storage equipment group, and different two-by-two
Storage equipment group include identical block at least one data block it is different.
It is described in each storage equipment in conjunction with the first possible embodiment in second of possible embodiment
It is at least stored in after an identical data block in m+1 storage equipment of group, this method further include:
Record the location information of the identification information and the data block of the data block in described m+1 storage equipment
Corresponding relationship.
It is described to record the data block in conjunction with second of possible embodiment in the third possible embodiment
Identification information and the data block described m+1 storage equipment in location information corresponding relationship after, this method is also
Include:
If the loss of data of p storage equipment in the n storage equipment, according to the identification information of the data block and
The data block stores the corresponding relationship of the location information in equipment at described m+1, and never n-p of generation loss of data deposit
The M data block is obtained in storage equipment, wherein p≤m.
Second aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of device of data storage, which includes: split cells and deposits
Storage unit；
The split cells, for data to be stored to be split as M data block, whereinThe m is default
The positive integer less than n-1；
The storage unit, for being at least stored in M-n+1 data block in each storage equipment, wherein the n
Any m+1 storage equipment contains at least one identical data block in a storage equipment, and m+1 different two-by-two storages is set
It is standby comprising identical block at least one data block it is different.
In the first possible embodiment, in conjunction with second aspect, the storage unit is specifically used for:
The n storage equipment is divided into M group storage equipment group, wherein each storage equipment group includes m+1 storage
Equipment, and the storage equipment that any two storage equipment group includes is not exactly the same；
It is at least stored in an identical data block in m+1 storage equipment of each storage equipment group, and different two-by-two
Storage equipment group include identical block at least one data block it is different.
In second of possible embodiment, in conjunction with the first possible embodiment, the device further include: record
Member；
The recording unit, the identification information and the data block for recording the data block are in described m+1 storage
The corresponding relationship of location information in equipment.
In the third possible embodiment, in conjunction with second of possible embodiment, the device further include: obtain single
Member；
The acquiring unit, if the loss of data of the p storage equipment stored in equipment for described n, according to described
The identification information of data block and the data block store the corresponding relationship of the location information in equipment at described m+1, never send out
The M data block is obtained in n-p storage equipment of raw loss of data, wherein p≤m.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of method and apparatus of data storage, when storage array includes n storage equipment
And the storage array is when at most allowing m storage device fails, by the way that data to be stored is split asNumber
It is at least stored in M-n+1 data block according to block, and in each storage equipment, so that arbitrarily taking out m from the n storage equipment
+ 1 storage equipment, the m+1 storage equipment contain at least one identical data block, and m+1 different two-by-two storages
At least one data block is different in the identical block that equipment includes.By this storage method, when there is m in storage array
When storage device fails lead to loss of data, the data block stored in equipment by remaining n-m is available complete
Data.Again since m can be random natural number, so that solving existing RAID technique at most provides two pieces of hard disk fault-tolerant abilitys
The problem of.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of method flow diagram of data storage；
Fig. 2 is the method flow diagram of another data storage；
Fig. 3 is a kind of schematic device of data storage；
Fig. 4 is the schematic device of another data storage；
Fig. 5 is the schematic device of another data storage；
Fig. 6 is the schematic device of another data storage.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In existing RAID technique, the fault-tolerant ability of two pieces of hard disks can only be at most provided, i.e., when two pieces or more of hard disk
When data are lost, the data lost can not be restored by existing RAID technique.
To solve the above problems, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of method of data storage, this method is answered in conjunction with Fig. 1
It include n storage equipment in the storage array for storage array, this method comprises:
101, data to be stored is split as M data block, whereinThe m is being less than n-1 just to be preset
Integer.
Specifically, being illustrated for m=3 with n=6.The i.e. described storage array has 6 storage equipment, such as 6 pieces of hard disks,
The partial data being stored with respectively in this 6 hard disks in partial data to be stored.The m is that the minimum of the storage array holds
Wrong ability, as m=3, i.e., the storage array can at least provide the fault-tolerant ability of 3 storage equipment, i.e., when described 6 store
When there are the data of 3 storage equipment in equipment while losing, complete data can still be obtained by remaining storage equipment.
Work as n=6, when m=3, data to be stored is split asA data block, it is assumed that this 15 numbers
It is respectively data block A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, G, K, L, M, N, O according to block.
102, M-n+1 data block is at least stored in each storage equipment, wherein in the n storage equipment
Any m+1 storage equipment contains at least one identical data block, and different two-by-two m+1 store that equipment includes it is identical
At least one data block is different in data block.
Work as n=6, when m=3, which makes it is to be understood that be at least stored in 10 data blocks in each storage equipment
It obtains and takes out 4 storage equipment arbitrarily from 6 storage equipment, contain at least one identical data block in this 4 storage equipment.
As an example it is assumed that the label of this 6 storage equipment is respectively 1-6, data to be stored is split as 15 data
Block, respectively data block A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, G, K, L, M, N, O, then storage mode shown in the following table 1 is a kind of feasible
Embodiment.
Table 1
By above-mentioned table 1, when the loss of data for having 3 storage equipment in 6 storage equipment marked as 1-6, then by surplus
The remaining available complete data block A- data block O of 3 storage equipment, it is therefore, provided through the embodiment of the present invention to count
According to the method for storage, the problem of existing RAID technique at most provides two pieces of hard disk fault-tolerant abilitys can solve.
It should be noted that embodiment shown in above-mentioned table 1 is not unique embodiment, for example, when depositing
Store up in equipment 4 when also including data block B, storage equipment 1-4 includes two identical data block A and B, but store equipment 1,2,3,
5 include identical data block B, then store the identical block that the storage equipment group that equipment forms is included by 4 for this two groups
In, contain at least one different data blocks, i.e. data block A.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of method and apparatus of data storage, when storage array includes n storage equipment
And the storage array is when at least allowing m storage device fails, by the way that data to be stored is split asNumber
It is stored at least M-n+1 data block according to block, and in each storage equipment, so that arbitrarily taking out m from the n storage equipment
+ 1 storage equipment, the m+1 storage equipment contains at least one identical data block, and storage equipment groups different two-by-two
At least one data block is different in the identical block for including.By this storage method, when there is m storage in storage array
When device fails lead to loss of data, pass through the available complete number of data block in remaining n-m storage equipment
According to.Again since m can be the random natural number less than n-1, hold to solve existing RAID technique and at most provide two pieces of hard disks
The problem of wrong ability.
To solve the problems, such as that existing RAID technique at most provides two pieces of hard disk fault-tolerant abilitys, the embodiment of the invention also provides
A kind of method of data storage, in conjunction with Fig. 2, this method comprises:
201, data to be stored is split as M data block, whereinThe m is being less than n-1 just to be preset
Integer.
Specifically, the detail technical features of step 201 can be found in above-mentioned steps 101, the embodiment of the present invention is no longer superfluous to this
It states.
202, the n storage equipment is divided into M group storage equipment group, wherein each storage equipment group includes m+1
Equipment is stored, and the storage equipment that any two storage equipment group includes is not exactly the same.
For example, n=6, m=3, then optional 4 storage equipment forms a storage equipment in 6 storage equipment
Group has selection mode in 15, it is assumed that the equipment identity of this 6 storage equipment is 1-6, then this 15 storage equipment groups are respectively to set
Standby number be 1234,1235,1236,1245,1246,1256,1345,1346,1356,1456,2345,2346,2356,2456,
3456 storage equipment group.
203, it is at least stored in an identical data block in m+1 storage equipment of each storage equipment group, and two-by-two
At least one data block is different in the identical block that different storage equipment groups includes.
Optionally, the corresponding relationship of each storage equipment group and at least one data block can be determined, for example, described
The corresponding relationship of selection storage equipment group and data block can be as shown in table 2 below:
Table 2
| Store equipment group | Data block |
| 1234 | A |
| 1235 | B |
| 1236 | C |
| 1245 | D |
| 1246 | E |
| 1256 | F |
| 1345 | G |
| 1346 | H |
| 1356 | I |
| 1456 | J |
| 2345 | K |
| 2346 | L |
| 2356 | M |
| 2456 | N |
| 3456 | O |
According to above-mentioned table 2, data block A is stored in 4 storage equipment that device number is 1,2,3,4, device number be 1,
2, deposit data block B ... is stored in data block O in 4 storage equipment that device number is 3,4,5,6 in 3,54 storage equipment.
Certainly, above-mentioned table 1, which is only exemplary, describes a case where storage equipment group corresponds to an identical block,
Specifically, a storage equipment group can also include two or more identical data blocks, such as deposited by what storage equipment 1-4 was formed
The each storage equipment stored up in equipment group not only includes identical data block A, also includes identical data block B.
By corresponding relationship shown in table 2, the distribution situation table 1 as above of the data block of obtained each storage equipment storage
It is shown.It certainly, is such as other corresponding passes except above-mentioned table 2 with the one-to-one relationship of the selection mode when the data block
When being, the distribution situation of the data block of corresponding each storage equipment storage is other except distribution situation as shown in Table 1
Situation, the embodiment of the present invention will not enumerate this, however, it is desirable to explanation, each passes through step 201- step 203
Obtained storage and distribution situation is all within that scope of the present invention.
When it in m+1 storage equipment for be respectively stored in the data block selection mode corresponding to the data block
Afterwards, this method further include: the position that the identification information and the data block for recording the data block store in equipment at described m+1
The corresponding relationship of confidence breath, if the p loss of data stored in equipment in the n storage equipment, according to the data block
Identification information and the data block described m+1 store equipment in location information corresponding relationship, never occur number
According to obtaining the M data block in n-p storage equipment of loss, wherein p≤m.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of method and apparatus of data storage, when storage array includes n storage equipment
And the storage array is when at least allowing m storage device fails, by the way that data to be stored is split asNumber
It is at least stored in M-n+1 data block according to block, and in each storage equipment, so that arbitrarily taking out m from the n storage equipment
+ 1 storage equipment, the m+1 storage equipment contains at least one identical data block, and storage equipment groups different two-by-two
At least one data block is different in the identical block for including.By this storage method, when there is m storage in storage array
When device fails lead to loss of data, pass through the available complete number of data block in remaining n-m storage equipment
According to.Again since m can be random natural number, so that solving existing RAID technique at most provides asking for two pieces of hard disk fault-tolerant abilitys
Topic.
To solve the problems, such as that existing RAID technique at most provides two pieces of hard disk fault-tolerant abilitys, the embodiment of the invention also provides
A kind of device of data storage, in conjunction with Fig. 3, which includes: split cells 301 and storage unit 302；
The split cells 301, for data to be stored to be split as M data block, whereinThe m is
The preset positive integer less than n-1；
The storage unit 302, for being at least stored in M-n+1 data block in each storage equipment, wherein institute
It states any m+1 storage equipment in n storage equipment and contains at least one identical data block, and different two-by-two m+1 deposit
At least one data block is different in the identical block that storage equipment includes.
Specifically, the storage unit 302 is used for:
The n storage equipment is divided into M group storage equipment group, wherein each storage equipment group includes m+1 storage
Equipment, and the storage equipment that any two storage equipment group includes is not exactly the same；
It is at least stored in an identical data block in m+1 storage equipment of each storage equipment group, and different two-by-two
Storage equipment group include identical block at least one data block it is different.
Specifically, in conjunction with Fig. 4, the device further include: recording unit 303；
The recording unit 303, the identification information for recording the data block are deposited with the data block at the m+1
Store up the corresponding relationship of the location information in equipment.
Specifically, in conjunction with Fig. 5, the device further include: acquiring unit 304；
The acquiring unit 304, if the loss of data of the p storage equipment stored in equipment for described n, according to institute
The identification information and the data block of stating data block store the corresponding relationship of the location information in equipment at described m+1, never
Occur to obtain the M data block in n-p storage equipment of loss of data, wherein p≤m.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of devices of data storage, and the device is by the way that data to be stored to be split asA data block, and it is at least stored in M-n+1 data block in each storage equipment, so that arbitrarily being deposited from the n
It stores up and takes out m+1 storage equipment in equipment, the m+1 storage equipment includes an identical data block, and different two-by-two
At least one data block is different in the identical block that storage equipment group includes.By this storage method, work as storage array
In when thering are m storage device fails to lead to loss of data, storing the data block in equipment by remaining n-m can obtain
To complete data.Again since m can be random natural number, hold to solve existing RAID technique and at most provide two pieces of hard disks
The problem of wrong ability.
To solve the problems, such as that existing RAID technique at most provides two pieces of hard disk fault-tolerant abilitys, the embodiment of the invention also provides
A kind of device of data storage, in conjunction with Fig. 6, which includes: processor 601, bus 602 and memory 603, wherein described
Processor 601 obtains the instruction in the memory 603 by the bus 602, to be used for:
Data to be stored is split as M data block, whereinThe m is preset just whole less than n-1
Number；
M-n+1 data block is at least stored in each storage equipment, wherein any m in the n storage equipment
+ 1 storage equipment contains at least one identical data block, and the identical data that m+1 different two-by-two storage equipment includes
At least one data block is different in block.
Specifically, the processor 601 is used for: the n storage equipment being divided into M group storage equipment group, wherein every
A storage equipment group includes m+1 storage equipment, and the storage equipment that any two storage equipment group includes is not exactly the same；
It is at least stored in an identical data block in m+1 storage equipment of each storage equipment group, and different two-by-two
Storage equipment group include identical block at least one data block it is different.
Specifically, the processor 601 is also used to: recording the identification information of the data block with the data block described
The corresponding relationship of location information in m+1 storage equipment.
Specifically, the processor 601 is also used to: if the data of p storage equipment in the n storage equipment are lost
It loses, the corresponding of the location information in equipment is stored at described m+1 with the data block according to the identification information of the data block
Relationship never obtains the M data block in n-p storage equipment of generation loss of data, wherein p≤m.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of devices of data storage, and the device is by the way that data to be stored to be split asA data block, and it is at least stored in M-n+1 data block in each storage equipment, so that arbitrarily being deposited from the n
It stores up and takes out m+1 storage equipment in equipment, the m+1 storage equipment contains at least one identical data block, and two neither
At least one data block is different in the identical block that same storage equipment group includes.By this storage method, work as storage
When having m storage device fails to lead to loss of data in array, the data block stored in equipment by remaining n-m can
To obtain complete data.Again since m can be random natural number, so that solving existing RAID technique at most provides two pieces firmly
The problem of disk fault-tolerant ability.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: realize that all or part of the steps of above method embodiment can pass through
The relevant hardware of program instruction is completed, and program above-mentioned can be stored in a computer readable storage medium, the program
When being executed, step including the steps of the foregoing method embodiments is executed；And storage medium above-mentioned includes: ROM, RAM, magnetic disk or light
The various media that can store program code such as disk.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can easily think of the change or the replacement, and should all contain
Lid is within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the described claims.
Claims (8)
- It include n storage equipment in the storage array 1. a kind of method of data storage, this method are applied to storage array, It is characterized in that, this method comprises:Data to be stored is split as M data block, whereinThe m is the preset positive integer less than n-1；M-n+1 data block is at least stored in each storage equipment, wherein any m+1 in the n storage equipment Storage equipment contains at least one identical data block, and different two-by-two m+1 stores in the identical block that equipment includes At least one data block is different.
- 2. the method according to claim 1, wherein described be at least stored in M-n+ in each storage equipment 1 data block specifically includes:The n storage equipment is divided into M group storage equipment group, wherein each storage equipment group includes that m+1 storage is set It is standby, and the storage equipment that any two storage equipment group includes is not exactly the same；It is at least stored in an identical data block in m+1 storage equipment of each storage equipment group, and different is two-by-two deposited At least one data block is different in the identical block that storage equipment group includes.
- 3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the m+1 storage equipment in each storage equipment group In be at least stored in after an identical data block, this method further include:The identification information for recording the data block stores the corresponding of the location information in equipment at described m+1 with the data block Relationship.
- 4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the identification information for recording the data block and the number After the corresponding relationship for storing the location information in equipment at described m+1 according to block, this method further include:If it is described n storage equipment in p store equipment loss of data, according to the identification information of the data block with it is described Data block stores the corresponding relationship of the location information in equipment at described m+1, and n-p storage of never generation loss of data is set The standby middle acquisition M data block, wherein p≤m.
- 5. a kind of device of data storage, which is characterized in that the device includes: split cells and storage unit；The split cells, for data to be stored to be split as M data block, whereinThe m is preset small In the positive integer of n-1；The storage unit, for being at least stored in M-n+1 data block in each storage equipment, wherein in n storage equipment Any m+1 storage equipment contains at least one identical data block, and different two-by-two m+1 store that equipment includes it is identical At least one data block is different in data block.
- 6. device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the storage unit is specifically used for:The n storage equipment is divided into M group storage equipment group, wherein each storage equipment group includes that m+1 storage is set It is standby, and the storage equipment that any two storage equipment group includes is not exactly the same；It is at least stored in an identical data block in m+1 storage equipment of each storage equipment group, and different is two-by-two deposited At least one data block is different in the identical block that storage equipment group includes.
- 7. device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the device further include: recording unit；The recording unit, the identification information and the data block for recording the data block are in the m+1 storage equipment In location information corresponding relationship.
- 8. device according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the device further include: acquiring unit；The acquiring unit, if the loss of data of the p storage equipment stored in equipment for described n, according to the data The identification information of block and the data block store the corresponding relationship of the location information in equipment, never generation number at described m+1 According to obtaining the M data block in n-p storage equipment of loss, wherein p≤m.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103605833A (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-02-26 | 华为数字技术（苏州）有限公司 | Method and device for simulating performance of storage array system |
| CN103942012A (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2014-07-23 | 华为技术有限公司 | Data reading method, device and equipment |
| CN103984607A (en) * | 2013-02-08 | 2014-08-13 | 华为技术有限公司 | Distributed storage method, device and system |
| CN104205097A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-12-10 | 华为技术有限公司 | De-duplicate method device and system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8285918B2 (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2012-10-09 | Nimble Storage, Inc. | Flash memory cache for data storage device |
| US9348746B2 (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2016-05-24 | Sandisk Technologies | Method and system for managing block reclaim operations in a multi-layer memory |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103984607A (en) * | 2013-02-08 | 2014-08-13 | 华为技术有限公司 | Distributed storage method, device and system |
| CN103605833A (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-02-26 | 华为数字技术（苏州）有限公司 | Method and device for simulating performance of storage array system |
| CN104205097A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-12-10 | 华为技术有限公司 | De-duplicate method device and system |
| CN103942012A (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2014-07-23 | 华为技术有限公司 | Data reading method, device and equipment |
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