CN105756219B - Horizontal bidirectional viscoplasticity collides Tuned mass damper system and its method of work - Google Patents
Horizontal bidirectional viscoplasticity collides Tuned mass damper system and its method of work Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种水平双向粘弹性碰撞调谐质量阻尼器系统及其工作方法。包括中空圆形外筒、设于中空圆形外筒上方的上盖板及设于中空圆形外筒下方的下盖板，上盖板下端面中间部位设有一万向铰，下盖板上端面的中间部位设有一圆形粘弹性限位装置，还包括第一、第二圆柱形质量块，第一圆柱形质量块上端圆心部位通过一第一刚性杆与万向铰铰接，第一圆柱形质量块下端圆心部位通过一第二刚性杆与第二圆柱形质量块上端圆心部位连接，第二圆柱形质量块下部位于圆形粘弹性限位装置内，第一圆柱形质量块还通过若干弹簧与所述中空圆形外筒的内壁连接。本发明构造简单、容易实现，且改善了TMD装置的减振效果对频率十分敏感和对不同激励的适应性差的缺陷。
The invention relates to a horizontal two-way viscoelastic collision tuned mass damper system and a working method thereof. It includes a hollow circular outer cylinder, an upper cover arranged above the hollow circular outer cylinder and a lower cover arranged below the hollow circular outer cylinder. A universal hinge is provided in the middle of the lower end of the upper cover, and the lower cover A circular viscoelastic stop device is provided in the middle of the upper end surface, and it also includes first and second cylindrical mass blocks. The center of the upper end of the first cylindrical mass block is hinged with a universal hinge through a first rigid rod. The center of the lower end of the cylindrical mass is connected to the center of the upper end of the second cylindrical mass through a second rigid rod, the lower part of the second cylindrical mass is located in the circular viscoelastic limiter, and the first cylindrical mass is also passed through Several springs are connected with the inner wall of the hollow circular outer cylinder. The invention has a simple structure and is easy to realize, and improves the defects that the vibration damping effect of the TMD device is very sensitive to frequency and has poor adaptability to different excitations.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种水平双向粘弹性碰撞调谐质量阻尼器系统及其工作方法。The invention relates to a horizontal two-way viscoelastic collision tuned mass damper system and a working method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
调谐质量阻尼器（TMD）作为常见的被动控制中的一种，如今，用TMD装置在土木工程的高耸结构抗风、人行天桥振动控制中已有较为成熟和广泛的应用。但是，TMD装置有着不可调性和自适应性差的固有缺陷，TMD 装置的减振效果对 频率十分敏感和对不同激励的适应性差。鉴于现有技术的不足，本发明基于碰撞 过程将引起大量的能量消耗这一现象，在粘弹性 P-TMD 阻尼器中将在传统 TMD 装置中引入粘弹性限位装置，利用碰撞以实现进一步的耗能。As one of the common passive controls, tuned mass damper (TMD) has been widely and maturely used in wind resistance of towering structures in civil engineering and vibration control of pedestrian bridges. However, the TMD device has the inherent defects of non-adjustability and poor adaptability. The vibration reduction effect of the TMD device is very sensitive to frequency and has poor adaptability to different excitations. In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention is based on the phenomenon that the collision process will cause a large amount of energy consumption. In the viscoelastic P-TMD damper, a viscoelastic limiting device will be introduced in the traditional TMD device, and the collision will be used to achieve further energy consumption.
通过对装置的合理参数设计将可以实现装置在不同激励下不同程度的碰撞及不同耗能模式的被动转换，并由此赋予该阻尼器对不同外部激励一定的适应能力。也就是说，该装置将能够保留传统TMD装置被动控制的优点，又能够通过预 先设计的参数在一定程度上赋予其对外部激励和结构变化更好的适应性，并且不会过多地增加控制成本。Through the reasonable parameter design of the device, different degrees of impact and passive conversion of different energy consumption modes can be realized under different excitations, and thus the damper can be endowed with certain adaptability to different external excitations. That is to say, the device will be able to retain the advantages of passive control of traditional TMD devices, and to a certain extent, give it better adaptability to external stimuli and structural changes through pre-designed parameters, and will not increase the control too much cost.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种水平双向粘弹性碰撞调谐质量阻尼器系统及其工作方法，该系统构造简单、容易实现，且改善了TMD装置的减振效果对频率十分敏感和对不同激励的适应性差的缺陷。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a horizontal two-way viscoelastic collision tuned mass damper system and its working method. The system has a simple structure and is easy to implement, and improves the vibration damping effect of the TMD device, which is very sensitive to frequency and adaptable to different excitations. Sexual flaws.
为实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案是：一种水平双向粘弹性碰撞调谐质量阻尼器系统，包括中空圆形外筒、设于中空圆形外筒上方的上盖板及设于中空圆形外筒下方的下盖板，所述上盖板下端面中间部位设有一万向铰，所述下盖板上端面的中间部位设有一圆形粘弹性限位装置，还包括第一、第二圆柱形质量块，所述第一圆柱形质量块上端圆心部位通过一第一刚性杆与所述万向铰铰接，第一圆柱形质量块下端圆心部位通过一第二刚性杆与所述第二圆柱形质量块上端圆心部位连接，所述第二圆柱形质量块下部位于所述圆形粘弹性限位装置内，所述第一圆柱形质量块还通过若干弹簧与所述中空圆形外筒的内壁连接。In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is: a horizontal two-way viscoelastic collision tuned mass damper system, comprising a hollow circular outer cylinder, an upper cover plate arranged above the hollow circular outer cylinder and a hollow circular outer cylinder. For the lower cover plate below the outer cylinder, a universal hinge is provided at the middle part of the lower end surface of the upper cover plate, and a circular viscoelastic stopper is provided at the middle part of the upper surface of the lower cover plate, which also includes first and second Two cylindrical mass blocks, the center of the upper end of the first cylindrical mass is hinged to the universal hinge through a first rigid rod, and the center of the lower end of the first cylindrical mass is connected to the second rigid rod through a second rigid rod The upper ends of the two cylindrical mass blocks are connected at the center of the circle, the lower part of the second cylindrical mass block is located in the circular viscoelastic limiting device, and the first cylindrical mass block is also connected to the hollow circular outer shell through several springs. The inner wall of the cylinder is connected.
在本发明一实施例中，所述万向铰焊接于所述上盖板下端面中间部位。In one embodiment of the present invention, the universal hinge is welded to the middle part of the lower end surface of the upper cover plate.
在本发明一实施例中，所述圆形粘弹性限位装置包括一焊接于所述下盖板上端面中间部位的圆形碰撞环和贴于所述圆形碰撞环内侧的粘弹性材料。In one embodiment of the present invention, the circular viscoelastic limiting device includes a circular collision ring welded to the middle of the upper end of the lower cover plate and a viscoelastic material attached to the inner side of the circular collision ring.
在本发明一实施例中，所述第一圆柱形质量块通过八方向弹簧与所述中空圆形外筒的内壁连接。In an embodiment of the present invention, the first cylindrical mass is connected to the inner wall of the hollow circular outer cylinder through eight-directional springs.
在本发明一实施例中，所述第一圆柱形质量块与弹簧之间通过AB结构胶连接。In an embodiment of the present invention, the first cylindrical mass and the spring are connected by AB structural glue.
在本发明一实施例中，所述第一圆柱形质量块与第一刚性杆及第二刚性杆的连接为螺纹连接，第一圆柱形质量块圆心处有冲孔攻丝。In an embodiment of the present invention, the connection between the first cylindrical mass and the first rigid rod and the second rigid rod is threaded connection, and there is a punching and tapping at the center of the first cylindrical mass.
在本发明一实施例中，所述第二圆柱形质量块与第二刚性杆的连接为螺纹连接，第二圆柱形质量块圆心处有冲孔攻丝。In an embodiment of the present invention, the connection between the second cylindrical mass and the second rigid rod is a threaded connection, and there is a punching and tapping at the center of the second cylindrical mass.
在本发明一实施例中，所述第一、二刚性杆表面均带有螺纹。In an embodiment of the present invention, the surfaces of the first and second rigid rods are both provided with threads.
在本发明一实施例中，所述上盖板、下盖板嵌设于所述中空圆形外筒上，并通过AB结构胶连接。In an embodiment of the present invention, the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are embedded on the hollow circular outer cylinder and connected by AB structural glue.
本发明还提供了一种基于上述任意一项所述水平双向粘弹性碰撞调谐质量阻尼器系统的工作方法，包括如下三种工作模式，The present invention also provides a working method based on the horizontal two-way viscoelastic collision tuned mass damper system described above, including the following three working modes,
（1）当预先设置的第二圆柱形质量块与粘弹性限位装置的间隙值大于外部激励水平下第二圆柱形质量块的相对最大振幅即第一阈值时，第二圆柱形质量块与粘弹性限位装置碰撞将不会发生，粘弹性P-TMD将完全退化为一个普通TMD进行工作；此时装置的耗能仅体现为第一圆柱形质量块的机械能耗能及部分阻尼耗能；(1) When the preset gap value between the second cylindrical mass and the viscoelastic limiting device is greater than the relative maximum amplitude of the second cylindrical mass under the external excitation level, that is, the first threshold, the second cylindrical mass and The collision of the viscoelastic limit device will not occur, and the viscoelastic P-TMD will completely degenerate into an ordinary TMD to work; at this time, the energy consumption of the device is only reflected in the mechanical energy consumption of the first cylindrical mass block and part of the damping energy consumption ;
（2）当预先设置的第二圆柱形质量块与粘弹性限位装置的间隙值小于第一预设阈值，且大于第二预设阈值时，第二圆柱形质量块与粘弹性限位装置将间歇性发生，第一圆柱形质量块的周期性运动模式将被打乱，此时则将装置近似看作是一个碰撞叠加调谐质量阻尼器；装置的耗能模式将体现为第一圆柱形质量块的机械能耗能与第二圆柱形质量块碰撞耗能的组合；(2) When the preset gap value between the second cylindrical mass and the viscoelastic limiting device is less than the first preset threshold and greater than the second preset threshold, the second cylindrical mass and the viscoelastic limiting device will occur intermittently, and the periodic motion pattern of the first cylindrical mass block will be disrupted. At this time, the device is approximately regarded as a collision superposition tuned mass damper; the energy consumption mode of the device will be reflected as the first cylindrical mass damper. The combination of the mechanical energy consumption of the mass and the collision energy of the second cylindrical mass;
（3）当预先设置的第二圆柱形质量块与粘弹性限位装置的间隙值小于一第二预设阈值时，碰撞将频繁发生，装置完全转变为碰撞耗能为主的一个阻尼器。(3) When the preset gap value between the second cylindrical mass and the viscoelastic limiting device is smaller than a second preset threshold, collisions will occur frequently, and the device is completely transformed into a damper mainly consuming collision energy.
相较于现有技术，本发明具有以下有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
（1）通过对PTMD装置的合理参数设计，如质量大小、连接刚度、阻尼、粘弹性层厚度及质量块与限位装置的间隙等，可以实现装置在不同外部激励下的不同耗能模式的被动转换；(1) Through the reasonable parameter design of the PTMD device, such as mass size, connection stiffness, damping, viscoelastic layer thickness, and the gap between the mass block and the limit device, etc., the different energy consumption modes of the device under different external excitations can be realized. Passive conversion;
（2）PTMD装置的不同耗能模式，改善了TMD装置的减振效果对频率十分敏感和对不同激励的适应性差的缺陷，该装置有较强的自适应性；(2) The different energy consumption modes of the PTMD device improve the defects that the vibration reduction effect of the TMD device is very sensitive to frequency and poor adaptability to different excitations, and the device has strong adaptability;
（3）PTMD装置与TMD装置一样，构造简单、容易实现，因此便于应用于实际工程的减振控制中。(3) The PTMD device, like the TMD device, has a simple structure and is easy to realize, so it is easy to apply to the vibration control of actual engineering.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明水平双向碰撞调谐质量阻尼器PTMD的主视示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a horizontal two-way collision tuned mass damper PTMD according to the present invention.
图2是本发明水平双向碰撞调谐质量阻尼器PTMD的侧视示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of the horizontal two-way collision tuned mass damper PTMD of the present invention.
图3是本发明水平双向碰撞调谐质量阻尼器PTMD的俯视示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the horizontal two-way collision tuned mass damper PTMD of the present invention.
图中：1为上盖板，2为万向铰，3、11为刚性杆，4为外筒，5为质量块，6为弹簧，7为质量块，8为圆形碰撞环，9为粘弹性材料，10为下盖板。In the figure: 1 is the upper cover plate, 2 is the universal hinge, 3 and 11 are rigid rods, 4 is the outer cylinder, 5 is the mass block, 6 is the spring, 7 is the mass block, 8 is the circular collision ring, 9 is the Viscoelastic material, 10 is the lower cover plate.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图，对本发明的技术方案进行具体说明。The technical solution of the present invention will be specifically described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
本发明的一种水平双向粘弹性碰撞调谐质量阻尼器系统，包括中空圆形外筒、设于中空圆形外筒上方的上盖板及设于中空圆形外筒下方的下盖板，所述上盖板下端面中间部位设有一万向铰，所述下盖板上端面的中间部位设有一圆形粘弹性限位装置，还包括第一、第二圆柱形质量块，所述第一圆柱形质量块上端圆心部位通过一第一刚性杆与所述万向铰铰接，第一圆柱形质量块下端圆心部位通过一第二刚性杆与所述第二圆柱形质量块上端圆心部位连接，所述第二圆柱形质量块下部位于所述圆形粘弹性限位装置内，所述第一圆柱形质量块还通过若干弹簧与所述中空圆形外筒的内壁连接。A horizontal two-way viscoelastic collision tuned mass damper system of the present invention comprises a hollow circular outer cylinder, an upper cover plate arranged above the hollow circular outer cylinder and a lower cover plate arranged below the hollow circular outer cylinder. A universal hinge is provided at the middle part of the lower end surface of the upper cover plate, and a circular viscoelastic stop device is provided at the middle part of the upper end surface of the lower cover plate, which also includes first and second cylindrical mass blocks, and the first The center of the upper end of a cylindrical mass is hinged to the universal hinge through a first rigid rod, and the center of the lower end of the first cylindrical mass is connected to the center of the upper end of the second cylindrical mass through a second rigid rod , the lower part of the second cylindrical mass is located in the circular viscoelastic limiting device, and the first cylindrical mass is also connected to the inner wall of the hollow circular outer cylinder through several springs.
所述万向铰焊接于所述上盖板下端面中间部位。The universal hinge is welded to the middle part of the lower end surface of the upper cover plate.
所述圆形粘弹性限位装置包括一焊接于所述下盖板上端面中间部位的圆形碰撞环和贴于所述圆形碰撞环内侧的粘弹性材料。The circular viscoelastic limiting device includes a circular collision ring welded to the middle part of the end surface of the lower cover plate and a viscoelastic material attached to the inner side of the circular collision ring.
所述第一圆柱形质量块通过八方向弹簧与所述中空圆形外筒的内壁连接。所述第一圆柱形质量块与弹簧之间通过AB结构胶连接。所述第一圆柱形质量块与第一刚性杆及第二刚性杆的连接为螺纹连接，第一圆柱形质量块圆心处有冲孔攻丝。所述第二圆柱形质量块与第二刚性杆的连接为螺纹连接，第二圆柱形质量块圆心处有冲孔攻丝。所述第一、二刚性杆表面均带有螺纹。The first cylindrical mass is connected to the inner wall of the hollow circular outer cylinder through eight-directional springs. The first cylindrical mass and the spring are connected by AB structural glue. The connection between the first cylindrical mass block and the first rigid rod and the second rigid rod is threaded connection, and the center of the first cylindrical mass block is punched and tapped. The connection between the second cylindrical mass block and the second rigid rod is a threaded connection, and there is a punching and tapping at the center of the second cylindrical mass block. The surfaces of the first and second rigid rods are both threaded.
所述上盖板、下盖板嵌设于所述中空圆形外筒上，并通过AB结构胶连接。The upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are embedded on the hollow circular outer cylinder and connected by AB structural glue.
本发明还提供了一种基于上述任意一项所述水平双向粘弹性碰撞调谐质量阻尼器系统的工作方法，包括如下三种工作模式，The present invention also provides a working method based on the horizontal two-way viscoelastic collision tuned mass damper system described above, including the following three working modes,
（1）当预先设置的第二圆柱形质量块与粘弹性限位装置的间隙值大于外部激励水平下第二圆柱形质量块的相对最大振幅即第一阈值时，第二圆柱形质量块与粘弹性限位装置碰撞将不会发生，粘弹性P-TMD将完全退化为一个普通TMD进行工作；此时装置的耗能仅体现为第一圆柱形质量块的机械能耗能及部分阻尼耗能；(1) When the preset gap value between the second cylindrical mass and the viscoelastic limiting device is greater than the relative maximum amplitude of the second cylindrical mass under the external excitation level, that is, the first threshold, the second cylindrical mass and The collision of the viscoelastic limit device will not occur, and the viscoelastic P-TMD will completely degenerate into an ordinary TMD to work; at this time, the energy consumption of the device is only reflected in the mechanical energy consumption of the first cylindrical mass block and part of the damping energy consumption ;
（2）当预先设置的第二圆柱形质量块与粘弹性限位装置的间隙值小于第一预设阈值，且大于第二预设阈值时，第二圆柱形质量块与粘弹性限位装置将间歇性发生，第一圆柱形质量块的周期性运动模式将被打乱，此时则将装置近似看作是一个碰撞叠加调谐质量阻尼器；装置的耗能模式将体现为第一圆柱形质量块的机械能耗能与第二圆柱形质量块碰撞耗能的组合；(2) When the preset gap value between the second cylindrical mass and the viscoelastic limiting device is less than the first preset threshold and greater than the second preset threshold, the second cylindrical mass and the viscoelastic limiting device will occur intermittently, and the periodic motion pattern of the first cylindrical mass block will be disrupted. At this time, the device is approximately regarded as a collision superposition tuned mass damper; the energy consumption mode of the device will be reflected as the first cylindrical mass damper. The combination of the mechanical energy consumption of the mass and the collision energy of the second cylindrical mass;
（3）当预先设置的第二圆柱形质量块与粘弹性限位装置的间隙值小于一第二预设阈值时，碰撞将频繁发生，装置完全转变为碰撞耗能为主的一个阻尼器。(3) When the preset gap value between the second cylindrical mass and the viscoelastic limiting device is smaller than a second preset threshold, collisions will occur frequently, and the device is completely transformed into a damper mainly consuming collision energy.
其中，第一预设阈值、第二预设阈值均由当前外部激励水平决定，具体由当前外部激励水平下第二圆柱形质量块的相对最大振幅决定。Wherein, both the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold are determined by the current external excitation level, specifically by the relative maximum amplitude of the second cylindrical mass under the current external excitation level.
以下具体讲述本发明技术方案。The technical scheme of the present invention will be described in detail below.
如图1-3所示，本发明的水平双向粘弹性碰撞调谐质量阻尼器装置，它是由外筒4、上下盖板1和10、质量块5和7、弹簧6、万向铰2、刚性杆3和11、粘弹性材料9组成。其中，下盖板上焊接一个粘弹性限位装置（该粘弹性限位装置包括圆形碰撞环，碰撞环内侧可贴粘弹性材料）。质量块为圆柱形，圆心处有冲孔攻丝，它分为二种，一种是最底下质量块7会与粘弹性限位装置发生碰撞，另一种质量块5表面安装有一定数量的弹簧6，弹簧6与质量块5的表面通过AB结构胶连接。下盖板10通过合理设计尺寸嵌入外筒4的内壁，再通过AB结构胶固定。万向铰2与上盖板通过焊接连接，刚性杆3和11表面带有螺纹，便于与质量块5和7连接。As shown in Figure 1-3, the horizontal two-way viscoelastic collision tuning mass damper device of the present invention, it is made of outer tube 4, upper and lower cover plate 1 and 10, mass block 5 and 7, spring 6, universal hinge 2, Rigid rods 3 and 11, viscoelastic material 9 are composed. Wherein, a viscoelastic limiting device is welded on the lower cover (the viscoelastic limiting device includes a circular collision ring, and a viscoelastic material can be pasted inside the collision ring). The mass block is cylindrical, with punching and tapping at the center of the circle. It is divided into two types, one is that the bottom mass block 7 will collide with the viscoelastic limit device, and the other mass block 5 has a certain number of The spring 6 is connected to the surface of the mass block 5 through AB structural glue. The lower cover plate 10 is embedded into the inner wall of the outer cylinder 4 through a reasonable design size, and then fixed by AB structural glue. The universal hinge 2 is connected with the upper cover plate by welding, and the surfaces of the rigid rods 3 and 11 are threaded to facilitate connection with the mass blocks 5 and 7.
随着外部激励的变化，装置初始的调谐频率及不同的间隙将使得装置的耗能模式将随着质量单元与主体结构之间不同类型与不同程度的相对运动在质量块的动能及势能耗能，或是碰撞耗能之间按不同的比例进行转换。这就将使得该被动装置相对传统被动装置有了更多的工作耗能模式，并且耗能模式的转换过程并不需要人工进行干预，而是可以通过预先设计的质量大小、连接刚度、阻尼、粘弹性层厚度及质量块与限位装置的间隙等决定。With the change of external excitation, the initial tuning frequency and different gaps of the device will make the energy consumption mode of the device change with the relative motion of different types and different degrees between the mass unit and the main structure in the kinetic energy and potential energy of the mass block. , or the collision energy consumption is converted in different proportions. This will make the passive device have more working energy consumption modes compared with traditional passive devices, and the conversion process of energy consumption modes does not require manual intervention, but can be achieved through pre-designed mass size, connection stiffness, damping, The thickness of the viscoelastic layer and the gap between the mass block and the limit device are determined.
（1）当预先设置的间隙值的设置超过了该激励水平下质量块的相对最大振幅，碰撞将不会发生，粘弹性P-TMD将完全退化为一个普通TMD进行工作；此时装置的耗能仅体现为质量块的机械能耗能及部分阻尼耗能。(1) When the preset gap value exceeds the relative maximum amplitude of the mass block under the excitation level, the collision will not occur, and the viscoelastic P-TMD will completely degenerate into an ordinary TMD to work; at this time, the power consumption of the device is The energy can only be reflected as the mechanical energy consumption of the mass block and part of the damping energy consumption.
（2）而当间隙值减小到一定程度，碰撞间歇性发生，质量块的周期性运动模式将被打乱，此时则可以将装置近似看作是一个碰撞叠加调谐质量阻尼器。耗能模式将体现为质量块的机械能与碰撞耗能的不同比例的组合。(2) When the gap value is reduced to a certain extent, the collision occurs intermittently, and the periodic motion pattern of the mass block will be disrupted. At this time, the device can be approximately regarded as a collision superposition tuned mass damper. The energy consumption mode will be reflected in the combination of different proportions of the mechanical energy of the mass block and the collision energy consumption.
（3）间隙继续减小，碰撞将频繁发生，装置完全转变为碰撞耗能为主的一个阻尼器。(3) As the gap continues to decrease, collisions will occur frequently, and the device is completely transformed into a damper that mainly consumes energy in collisions.
因此，该自适应粘弹性P-TMD预期将具有多个工作及耗能模式，而其工作模式将与初始设定的参数值以及外部激励的强度和频率成分密切相关，并可以随着外部激励的变化而进行自适应调整。当然，为了使装置耗能达到最大，需要针对减振目的对初设的连接刚度、间隙值等参数进行最优化设计。Therefore, the adaptive viscoelastic P-TMD is expected to have multiple working and energy consumption modes, and its working mode will be closely related to the initially set parameter values and the strength and frequency components of the external excitation, and can be changed with the external excitation Adaptive adjustments are made for changes. Of course, in order to maximize the energy consumption of the device, it is necessary to optimize the initial parameters such as connection stiffness and gap value for the purpose of vibration reduction.
以上是本发明的较佳实施例，凡依本发明技术方案所作的改变，所产生的功能作用未超出本发明技术方案的范围时，均属于本发明的保护范围。The above are the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all changes made according to the technical solution of the present invention, when the functional effect produced does not exceed the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
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