CN105754289A - 一种无卤阻燃硅橡胶高铁电缆材料 - Google Patents

一种无卤阻燃硅橡胶高铁电缆材料 Download PDF

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CN105754289A
CN105754289A CN201610289654.XA CN201610289654A CN105754289A CN 105754289 A CN105754289 A CN 105754289A CN 201610289654 A CN201610289654 A CN 201610289654A CN 105754289 A CN105754289 A CN 105754289A
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李训祥
王兴祥
胡云昌
李贻凤
周志梅
李如宝
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Anhui Kangliya Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种无卤阻燃硅橡胶高铁电缆材料，由以下重量份的原料制备制成：氨基树脂5569、淀粉58、葡萄糖1416、聚磷酸铵79、三氧化二锑810、松焦油46、竹纤维34、硬脂酸46、季戊四醇24、锡铋合金粉68、聚丙烯2633、聚碳酸酯1014、己二酸二辛酯35、去离子水适量；本发明制备的电缆机械性能优越，耐老化、耐腐蚀、耐高温、抗老化，能够满足高铁电缆中对电缆的阻燃要求，值得推广。

Description

一种无卤阻燃硅橡胶高铁电缆材料
技术领域
本发明涉及电缆材料技术领域，尤其涉及一种无卤阻燃硅橡胶高铁电缆材料。
背景技术
聚合物由于其价格低廉、质地轻、比强度大，导热系数小和化学稳定性好等特点被广泛的应用于生产生活的各个领域。大多数的聚合物都是良好的电绝缘体，电阻率高，容易产生静电，从而限制其应用。抗静电的危害越来越大，如干扰飞机无线电设备的正常运转，影响飞机的运行，制药厂设备聚合物外壳容易静电吸附尘埃，影响药品纯度等，近几年，国家铁路交通发展迅速，铁路系统的控制越来越复杂，电气控制设备越来越多，对电缆需求量也越来越大。其中抗静电性显得尤其重要。
《导电_抗静电聚合物纳米复合材料的制备及其性能研究》一文中作者利用低熔点金属、碳纳米管等导电填料制备得到导电抗静电聚合物复合材料及纤维，提出了新的制备方法和新原理，采用电导率高、易加工的低熔点金属作为导电填料，通过熔融共混以及固相拉伸等方法，制备出复合纤维，得出聚合物/低熔点导电金属复合纤维具有电阻率随着拉伸倍率的提高而降低的性质，与未含有低导电熔点纤维的复合纤维比较，其复合纤维的强度和断裂伸长率都有所提高。通过在复合纤维中添加碳纳米管和纳米蒙脱土显著降低了金属颗粒粒径，使得复合纤维获得了更加优异的电性能和力学性能。虽然本发明能够解决电缆导电抗静电等方面的要求，但是随着机车技术的发展，对电缆的铺设环境和使用性能要求越来越高，单纯的单一性能已不能满足市场需求，本发明在这基础上进行改进，以期达到耐弯曲性能好、防火阻燃、绿色环保、耐老化等的特性，使其达到铁路工程中对电缆的使用要求。
发明内容
本发明目的就是为了弥补已有技术的缺陷，提供一种无卤阻燃硅橡胶高铁电缆材料。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种无卤阻燃硅橡胶高铁电缆材料，由以下重量份的原料制备制成：氨基树脂55-69、淀粉5-8、葡萄糖14-16、聚磷酸铵7-9、三氧化二锑8-10、松焦油4-6、竹纤维3-4、硬脂酸4-6、季戊四醇2-4、锡铋合金粉6-8、聚丙烯26-33、聚碳酸酯10-14、己二酸二辛酯3-5、去离子水适量。
所述一种无卤阻燃硅橡胶高铁电缆材料，由以下具体步骤制备制成：
（1）将淀粉、葡萄糖加到捏合机中，于120-150℃下恒温处理2-3h，得糊状物质，再向其中加入聚磷酸铵、三氧化二锑继续恒温反应0.5-1h，冷却至室温后和松焦油、竹纤维、硬脂酸搅拌均匀，并于120-140℃搅拌反应1-2h，转速为10rpm，反应结束后粉碎备用；
（2）将聚丙烯在烘箱中80℃下烘干6-8h，冷却后切成颗粒，将锡铋合金粉和预处理的聚丙烯粒料按照配比在高速搅拌机中混合均匀，然后加到双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒，再将颗粒在80℃下烘干4-5h，之后置于毛细管流变仪中，制成混合原丝，将原丝夹持在夹具上，在170-180℃的环境加热箱内，以10mm/min的速度均匀拉伸纤维；
（3）将剩余其余的成分按照配方量和步骤（1）制备的产物通过密炼机熔融共混，温度为160-175℃，时间为15-25min，再使用开炼机将步骤（2）制备的产物混入上述复合材料中，最后通过单螺杆挤出机造粒，再将粒子在10-15m/min的挤出速率下，通过挤压模挤出成缆材冷却至常温即可。
本发明的优点是：本发明通过使用低熔点金属作为导电填料，结合熔融混合和固相拉伸的手段，制备了导电、抗静电复合纤维，使其拥有良好的强度和断裂伸长率，且具有优异的导电性能和力学性能，解决了金属与基体材料相容性差、容易氧化导致电导率下降的问题，还通过糊化工艺是聚磷酸铵和三氧化二锑紧密堆积结合，有助于增加与高分子材料的结合性，再经松焦油等捏合使其与高分子材料的相容性较好，易分散，极大的发挥出高效阻燃性能；本发明制备的电缆机械性能优越，耐老化、耐腐蚀、耐高温、抗老化，能够满足高铁电缆中对电缆的阻燃要求，值得推广。
具体实施方式
一种无卤阻燃硅橡胶高铁电缆材料，由以下重量份（公斤）的原料制备制成：氨基树脂55、淀粉5、葡萄糖14、聚磷酸铵7、三氧化二锑8、松焦油4、竹纤维3、硬脂酸4、季戊四醇2、锡铋合金粉6、聚丙烯26、聚碳酸酯10、己二酸二辛酯3、去离子水适量。
所述一种无卤阻燃硅橡胶高铁电缆材料，由以下具体步骤制备制成：
（1）将淀粉、葡萄糖加到捏合机中，于120℃下恒温处理2h，得糊状物质，再向其中加入聚磷酸铵、三氧化二锑继续恒温反应0.5h，冷却至室温后和松焦油、竹纤维、硬脂酸搅拌均匀，并于120℃搅拌反应1h，转速为10rpm，反应结束后粉碎备用；
（2）将聚丙烯在烘箱中80℃下烘干6h，冷却后切成颗粒，将锡铋合金粉和预处理的聚丙烯粒料按照配比在高速搅拌机中混合均匀，然后加到双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒，再将颗粒在80℃下烘干4h，之后置于毛细管流变仪中，制成混合原丝，将原丝夹持在夹具上，在170℃的环境加热箱内，以10mm/min的速度均匀拉伸纤维；
（3）将剩余其余的成分按照配方量和步骤（1）制备的产物通过密炼机熔融共混，温度为160℃，时间为15min，再使用开炼机将步骤（2）制备的产物混入上述复合材料中，最后通过单螺杆挤出机造粒，再将粒子在10m/min的挤出速率下，通过挤压模挤出成缆材冷却至常温即可。
该机车电缆材料的性能测试如下：
拉伸强度（MPa）：16.2；断裂伸长率（%）：387；体积电阻率（Ω.m）：4.5×1013；介电强度（MV/m）：29；氧指数（%）：32；载荷下伸长率（%）：14；永久变形率（%）：0。

Claims (2)

1.一种无卤阻燃硅橡胶高铁电缆材料，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制备制成：氨基树脂55-69、淀粉5-8、葡萄糖14-16、聚磷酸铵7-9、三氧化二锑8-10、松焦油4-6、竹纤维3-4、硬脂酸4-6、季戊四醇2-4、锡铋合金粉6-8、聚丙烯26-33、聚碳酸酯10-14、己二酸二辛酯3-5、去离子水适量。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种无卤阻燃硅橡胶高铁电缆材料，其特征在于，由以下具体步骤制备制成：
（1）将淀粉、葡萄糖加到捏合机中，于120-150℃下恒温处理2-3h，得糊状物质，再向其中加入聚磷酸铵、三氧化二锑继续恒温反应0.5-1h，冷却至室温后和松焦油、竹纤维、硬脂酸搅拌均匀，并于120-140℃搅拌反应1-2h，转速为10rpm，反应结束后粉碎备用；
（2）将聚丙烯在烘箱中80℃下烘干6-8h，冷却后切成颗粒，将锡铋合金粉和预处理的聚丙烯粒料按照配比在高速搅拌机中混合均匀，然后加到双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒，再将颗粒在80℃下烘干4-5h，之后置于毛细管流变仪中，制成混合原丝，将原丝夹持在夹具上，在170-180℃的环境加热箱内，以10mm/min的速度均匀拉伸纤维；
（3）将剩余其余的成分按照配方量和步骤（1）制备的产物通过密炼机熔融共混，温度为160-175℃，时间为15-25min，再使用开炼机将步骤（2）制备的产物混入上述复合材料中，最后通过单螺杆挤出机造粒，再将粒子在10-15m/min的挤出速率下，通过挤压模挤出成缆材冷却至常温即可。
CN201610289654.XA 2016-05-04 2016-05-04 一种无卤阻燃硅橡胶高铁电缆材料 Pending CN105754289A (zh)

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CN106543725A (zh) * 2016-10-17 2017-03-29 安徽省绿环电气股份有限公司 一种阻燃硅橡胶电缆材料
CN109306070A (zh) * 2018-08-13 2019-02-05 浙江工业大学 一种具有纳米粒子取向聚合物纤维发泡材料的制备方法

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106543725A (zh) * 2016-10-17 2017-03-29 安徽省绿环电气股份有限公司 一种阻燃硅橡胶电缆材料
CN109306070A (zh) * 2018-08-13 2019-02-05 浙江工业大学 一种具有纳米粒子取向聚合物纤维发泡材料的制备方法

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