CN105753117B - A kind of equipment for separating liquid from solid and its application - Google Patents

A kind of equipment for separating liquid from solid and its application Download PDF

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CN105753117B
CN105753117B CN201511019624.9A CN201511019624A CN105753117B CN 105753117 B CN105753117 B CN 105753117B CN 201511019624 A CN201511019624 A CN 201511019624A CN 105753117 B CN105753117 B CN 105753117B
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cylindrical cavity
equipment
flow
cylindrical
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CN105753117A (en
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张春辉
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Dongguan City Hengchun Environmental Services Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/52Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
    • C02F1/5281Installations for water purification using chemical agents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/38Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by centrifugal separation

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)

Abstract

This application discloses a kind of equipment for separating liquid from solid and its applications.The equipment for separating liquid from solid main body of the application is cylindrical cavity, and cylindrical empty top of chamber installation stirring impeller, the flow-disturbing for stirring impeller is starched or plug-flow pump protrudes into cylindrical cavity;Cylindrical cavity upper portion side wall sets wastewater inlet, and lower sides or bottom set mud discharging mouth;Partition is set inside cylindrical cavity, and in the intracavitary conical cavity for surrounding relative closure of cylindrical empty, conical cavity bottom is connected to partition with cylindrical cavity;Clean water overflow mouth is equipped at the top of conical cavity.The application surrounds the partition of conical cavity in intracavitary set of cylindrical empty, forms fast confounding, slow confounding and sludge condensation settling zone, realizes coagulating basin and sedimentation basin function integration, it takes up little area, needs equipment few, it is at low cost, maintenance is at low cost, easy to operate, and rate of breakdown is low.The application utilizes centrifugal force and gravity double action, effectively improves and is separated by solid-liquid separation speed and effect.Good basis has been established for the popularization of sewage purification environmental protection facility.

Description

A kind of equipment for separating liquid from solid and its application
Technical field
This application involves sewage treatment fields, more particularly to a kind of equipment for separating liquid from solid and its application.
Background technique
During sewage treatment, generally includes physical reaction and be separated by solid-liquid separation two big steps, that is, is so-called mixed Solidifying depositing technology.In coagulation-settlement process, coagulation or coagulation process, that is, physical reaction are primarily referred to as adding coagulation into sewage Hydrolysis, polycondensation reaction are completed in agent under certain hydraulics, make de- steady and cohesion the process of the colloidal dispersion system of sewage, should Process is divided into two stages of mixing and particle coagulation again.Mix stages are to instigate the medicament including coagulant of investment rapid, equal It is spread in sewage evenly, to create good hydrolysis condition, this stage is mixed using fast, i.e., quickly stirs and evenly mixs, make Medicament is rapid, evenly dispersed.After the particle coagulation stage refers to completion mix stages, colloid mutually touches under certain hydraulics It hits, assemble or adds and help on a small quantity solidifying, to form the process of larger cotton-shaped particle, this stage using slow mixed, that is, is stirred at low speed mixed It is even, to ensure the reaction effect of medicament.Involved in entire coagulation process, the 1. property of water-borne glue body, 2. coagulant is in water Hydrolysis, the 3. interaction of colloid and coagulant.
Object handled by coagulation, small suspended matter and colloid mainly in sewage.Big suspended matter is due to by weight The effect of power and sink, can with precipitating the methods of remove.But the small suspended matter of nominal particle size and colloid micelle, it can be Keep dispersion suspended state will not natural subsidence even if standing tens of hours or more for a long time in sewage.This is because small outstanding Floating object particle and micelle have " stability ".The mechanism of coagulation is not fully apparent from yet so far, because there are many factor that it is related to, such as The ingredient and concentration of impurities in water, water temperature, the pH value of water, the property of basicity and coagulant and coagulation condition etc..But it summarizes Come, the mechanism of coagulation there are three broad aspects:
(1) compression double electric layer acts on
Colloidal impurity micelle in sewage can maintain stable dispersion suspended state, mainly due to the ∫ electricity of water-borne glue grain Position is higher.As can eliminating or reducing the ∫ current potential of micelle, it is possible to make micelle collision coalescence, loss of stability.It adds in water The coagulant of electrolyte property is i.e. up to this purpose.Such as negatively charged clay micelle in natural water, in investment molysite or aluminium After the coagulant such as salt, a large amount of cations that coagulant provides can pour in colloid diffusion layer even adsorption layer.Because glue core surface Combined potential is constant, increases the cation concentration in diffusion layer and adsorption layer, is just thinned diffusion layer, and ∫ current potential reduces.When largely just Ion pours in adsorption layer so that when diffusion layer completely disappears, and ∫ current potential is zero, referred to as isoelectric state.Under isoelectric state, between micelle Electrostatic repulsion disappears, and micelle most easily coalesces.In fact, as long as ∫ current potential is down to a certain degree and makes the energy repelled between micelle When amount is less than the kinetic energy of micelle Brownian movement, micelle begins to generate apparent coalescence, and ∫ current potential at this moment is known as critical potential. For micelle because ∫ current potential reduces or eliminates the process so that loss of stability, referred to as micelle is de- steady, takes off steady micelle and mutually coalesces, claims For cohesion.
(2) adsorption bridging acts on
After trivalent aluminium salt or molysite and the solidifying agent of other macromolecule rods are dissolved in water, macromolecule is formed through poly-condensation and hydrolysis Polymer has linear structure.This kind of high molecular polymer can by micelle strong adsorption, because its lineal measure is larger, when it After a certain micelle is adsorbed in one end, the other end adsorbs another micelle again, carries out adsorption bridging between two micelles apart from each other, makes Gradually knot is big for grain, forms macroscopic coarse floccule body.It is this to be acted on by polymer substance adsorption bridging and keep particle mutual The process of bonding, referred to as flocculates.
(3) the net effect of catching
Trivalent aluminium salt or molysite etc. hydrolyze and generate sediment.These sediments can collect volume, net during settlement The particles such as the colloid in water are caught, micelle is bonded.
Usually the cohesion for making the mutual condensation process of colloidal solid by Effect of Electric Double Layer and pass through high molecular polymer Adsorption bridging effect and make the flocculation of the mutual bonding process of colloidal solid, collectively referred to as coagulation.Therefore medicament is added into sewage, The mixing of sewage and medicament is carried out, so that the colloidal substance in sewage be made to generate this combined process of agglomerating and flocculate as coagulation Process.Coagulation process precipitates small suspended matter and colloid aggregation at coarse particle, is separated from water, obtains sewage Purification.
In existing technology, device or structure used by coagulation process are coagulating basins, by structure type be broadly divided into every Plate flocculation basin, folded plate flocculator, mechanical flocculation basin, grid flocculation pool of grid strip, rotational flow flocculation tank and perforation rotational flow flocculation tank etc..
Partition flocculation basin refer to water flow with certain flow rate between partition by completing the structures of flocculation process, such as Shown in Fig. 1, the flocculating effect of partition flocculation basin is unstable, and pond is big, is commonly used in large and medium-sized water factory, and for small-sized water Factory, water is too small, and partition room is away from excessively narrow, inconvenience construction and maintenance.
Folded plate flocculator refer to water flow with certain flow rate between folded plate by completing the structures of flocculation process, press Folded plate flocculator can be divided into vertical-flow and flat flow according to water (flow) direction, generally use it is vertical-flow, as shown in Fig. 2, it is by partition The plate partition of flocculation basin is changed to the folded plate of certain angle.Folded plate wave crest installs title " with setback plate ", wave crest phase to trough in parallel Claim " different setback plate " to installation.Folded plate flocculator installation and maintenance are difficult, and folded plate is costly.
Mechanical flocculation basin refers to making aqueous agitation to complete the structures of flocculation process, such as with movable vane piece by machinery Shown in Fig. 3, blender has pulpboard formula and vane type, divides horizontal axial type and perpendicular axis type machinery to wad a quilt with cotton by the installation site of agitating shaft Solidifying pond.First lattice stirring intensity of mechanical flocculation basin is maximum, then gradually reduces, stirring intensity is decided by agitator speed and paddle Plate suqare.Likewise, mechanical flocculation basin is also to have the deficiencies of maintenance difficult, maintenance cost is high.
Grid flocculation pool of grid strip is designed to the structure of more lattice vertical shaft reverse-flow types, as shown in figure 4, the installation of each vertical shaft is several Layer grid or grizzly bar, the partition wall between each vertical shaft interlock aperture above and below, and water inlet end to water outlet gradually decreases, general point of 3 sections of controls System, leading portion are close net or close grid, and middle section is that thin net or thin grid, latter end do not install net, grid.In contrast, grid flocculation pool of grid strip Structure it is increasingly complex, installation, difficult in maintenance, and expense is also higher.
The structure design of rotational flow flocculation tank is, as shown in figure 5, peripheral jet water flow of the nozzle of water sprayer along pond, forms The intensity of eddy flow, eddy flow is related with the volume of flocculation basin and shape by water sprayer spout flow control, while also.Rotational flow flocculation tank Be limited to the injection intensity of water sprayer, volume is smaller, also, rotational flow flocculation tank is in addition to exclusive use, usually also with it is other The flocculation basin or sedimentation basin of structure are used cooperatively, such as are built jointly in vertical-flow sedimentation basin, and the residence time is generally 8~ 15min is suitable for middle-size and small-size water factory.
Perforation rotational flow flocculation tank, as shown in fig. 6, it is made of several grids, number of squares is no less than six lattice.Partition wall is opened up and down Hole, water flow enter to form eddy flow along pool wall tangent line.First checkerwork cell mouth is small, and rotation speed is big, then successively successively decreases, corresponding rotation speed Degree successively decreases.The perforation maximum deficiency of rotational flow flocculation tank is that there are terminal reseavoir bottom deposition phenomenons, also, algae is also easily bred on grid Class, blocking mesh.
Precipitating is solid-liquid separation process, is that sewage acts on the suspension that density ratio water is big in sedimentation basin using gravitational settling The processing structures that particle or coagulation product are removed from water are one of most widely used processing units in sewage treatment, can The post-processing and advanced treating of processing, biological treatment for sewage.
Sedimentation basin includes five inhalant region, settling zone, buffer area, sludge area and exhalant region parts.Inhalant region and exhalant region Effect be to flow through sedimentation basin with making uniform fluid flow, avoid it is short stream and reduction turbulent flow have an adverse effect to precipitating, reduce simultaneously Dead water region improves the capacity utilization of sedimentation basin.Settling zone is also referred to as settling section, the i.e. workspace of sedimentation basin, can need to sink completely The region that the particle in shallow lake is separated from water.Sludge area is the region of sludge storage, concentration and discharge.Buffer area is then to separate settling zone With the water layer region in sludge area, guarantee that row does not float precipitated particle again due to water flow agitation.Sedimentation basin is to utilize water flow The middle downward settling velocity of suspended impurity particle is greater than water flow cross-flow velocity, or the sedimentation time is less than water flow outflow precipitating downwards The time in pond, so that suspended particulate contamination precipitation realizes the purification of sewage in bottom of pond.
Ideal sedimentation basin, treatment effeciency is only related with surface loading, i.e., related with the surface area of sedimentation basin, and with it is heavy The depth in shallow lake pond is unrelated, pond it is deep only with time and quantity of sludge storage and to prevent sludge from the factors such as being washed away related.And In the sedimentation basin of practical continuous operation, since water flow can bring the upflow velocity of water flow, precipitating weight from weir crest overflow is discharged The particle that power is less than water flow upflow velocity power can flow away with water, and precipitate gravity and be equal to the particle of water flow upflow velocity power then It can be still suspended in pond, the particle that only precipitating gravity is greater than water flow upflow velocity power just can precipitate in pond.And Precipitating particle be deposited in sedimentation basin bottom of pond time it is related in the hydraulic detention time of sedimentation basin with water flow, i.e., with pond body Depth is related.Therefore, theoretically, pond body is more shallow, and particle is more accessible to bottom of pond, this is exactly that inclined tube or inclined-plate clarifying basin etc. are shallow Where the theoretical foundation of layer sedimentation basin.In order to make the particle precipitating in sedimentation basin slightly larger than upflow velocity go down and prevent from having precipitated The sludge to go down by water inlet water flow disturbance and float again, thus there are bufferings between settling zone and sludge storage area Area makes after contacting with each other between the particle for being slightly larger than upflow velocity in these sedimentation basins or the particle floated again, precipitates again Go down.
Therefore, sedimentation basin is often divided into rectangular sedimentation tank, vertical sedimentation basin, radical sedimentation basin by water (flow) direction With inclined tube or four kinds of inclined-plate clarifying basin.
Rectangular sedimentation tank, as shown in fig. 7, pond type is rectangle, sewage flows through pond from one end person who lives in exile in pond, horizontal direction Son is flowed out from the other end in pond.Storage bucket is set in the entrance bottom in pond, other position bottom of pond have the gradient, tendency storage bucket.
Vertical sedimentation basin, pond type are mostly circle, are also square or polygonal, side view is as shown in figure 8, sewage Enter from the central tube for being located at pond center, is uniformly slowly distributed in the cross section in pond after reflecting plate from the lower end of central tube On, since water outlet is arranged in pond face or bay wall surrounding, substantially from bottom to top, sludge stores up the sludge in bottom to the flow direction of Gu Shui Bucket.
Radical sedimentation basin, also known as radiation type precipitation pool, as shown in figure 9, how rounded pond type is, small-sized pond is also adopted sometimes With square or polygonal.The import and export arrangement in pond is substantially identical as vertical flow basin, and import exports around in center.But pond The ratio between diameter and Chi Shen, radial flow tank manyfold bigger than vertical flow basin.Water flow spoke stream or jet stream around in horizontal direction in pond, due to Discharge section area constantly becomes larger, therefore the water velocity in pond slows down gradually from pond center to pond surrounding.Bucket is located at pond center, Bottom of pond to center tilt, sludge usually with scrape mud or suction dredge tool exclusion.
Inclined tube or inclined-plate clarifying basin are as shown in Figure 10 the sedimentation basins that inclined tube is equipped in settling zone, and assembling form has tiltedly It manages and two kinds of branch pipe.Inclined parallel pipe or parallelpiped are utilized in the settling zone of flat flow or vertical sedimentation basin, sometimes Using honeycomb filler, a series of shallow layer precipitating layers are divided into, processed and sedimentation heavy mud is mutual in each precipitating shallow-layer It moves and separates.It is divided into reverse flow, concurrent and three kinds of lateral flow different separate modes according to its mutual direction of motion.Every two pieces Between inclined paralled plates or in parallel pipe, it is equivalent to a very shallow sedimentation basin.
Coagulating basin and sedimentation basin mixing are constructed in some integrated uses, i.e. Round Sump coagulative precipitation tank, such as Figure 11 Shown, coagulating basin is built in together with sedimentation basin, and the two pool wall is connected, and sewage is flowed by coagulating basin by overflow port or irrigation canals and ditches and precipitated Pond is not necessarily to extra power.Round Sump coagulative precipitation tank can reduce capital construction cost, occupied area and equipment cost to a certain extent.
It is above exactly to be constructed or equipment employed in current coagulation-settlement process.No matter coagulating basin and sedimentation basin are monomers Construction or fit construction, belong to more piece pond body;Also, coagulating basin has fast mixed, mixed slowly function to need because needing dosing in batches It asks, itself has the setting demand of more piece pond body;And sedimentation basin is because functional requirement is down to structure is complicated.In addition, sedimentation basin The requirement because of surface loading and elevation is designed, facility needs take up a large area, and height is high, and volume is also relatively large.Coagulating basin needs Mating more mixing pumps, with the demand for cooperating fast mixing to mix slowly, meanwhile, sedimentation basin part also needs the auxiliary such as mating mud scraper to set It is standby;The equipment used is more, and structure is more complicated, and operation is also more complicated, and the probability to break down is bigger;Equipment making at Sheet, maintenance cost, operation energy consumption cost etc. are relatively high.In addition, because sedimentation basin carries out solid-liquid point using gravitational settling From being influenced by sinking speed, the sewage treatment time is long, and anti impulsion load ability is poor.
Generally speaking, in existing technology, the volume of coagulative precipitation tank is big, takes up an area more, long construction period;Required equipment Mostly nonstandard production, the technical difficulty for making requirement is big, and cost of investment is too high;Equipment arrangement scene is to site requirements height;Operation Management requires and operating cost is all higher;When in face of pollution variety, adaptibility to response is poor.So many enterprises are mating this kind of at present Identical problem is all suffered from when environmental protection facility, i.e. equipment purchasing is expensive, and equipment placement is difficult, and equipment operation maintenance is difficult, and equipment operation is expensive.
Therefore, it needs to improve facility used by existing coagulation-settlement process, to further reduce the cost, from And sewage purification environmental protection facility is enable preferably to promote and apply.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the application is to provide a kind of improved equipment for separating liquid from solid and application.
The application uses following technical scheme:
The one side of the application discloses a kind of equipment for separating liquid from solid, and the main body of the equipment for separating liquid from solid is a cylinder Cavity is equipped with stirring impeller at the top of cylindrical cavity, and the flow-disturbing slurry or plug-flow pump for stirring impeller protrude into cylindrical empty It is intracavitary;Wastewater inlet is offered in the upper portion side wall of cylindrical cavity, lower sides or bottom offer mud discharging mouth;Cylindrical empty Chamber is internally provided with partition, and partition surrounds the conical cavity of relative closure, the bottom of conical cavity in the inside of cylindrical cavity Portion is connected to cylindrical cavity;Clean water overflow mouth is offered at the top of conical cavity.
In the application, top, upper portion side wall, lower sides and the bottom of cylindrical cavity are according to knot shown in Figure 12 The positioning that structure schematic diagram carries out, top, that is, cylindrical cavity the top, bottom, that is, bottom, upper portion side wall are close to top Side wall, lower sides are the side wall close to bottom;Wastewater inlet is opened in upper portion side wall, and mud discharging mouth be opened in lower sides or Bottom allows for sludge under gravity, is deposited in the bottom of cylindrical cavity, and therefore, sewage is carried out from top, and Sludge is discharged from lower part or bottom.Mud discharging mouth can be opened up on side wall or be opened up in bottom, and opening up in side wall can be square Just pipeline is placed, and if being opened in bottom, then need for pipeline to be embedded in ground end, or entire equipment for separating liquid from solid is erected Come.
In the application, partition surrounds the conical cavity of relative closure in the inside of cylindrical cavity, wherein relative closure is Refer to, partition is entity structure, does not have duct or other channels passed through of supplying water on partition, partition is will be inside and outside conical cavity Water body isolation, the water body in conical cavity can be made not by external water currents in this way.But the bottom of conical cavity is Open, bottom is connected to cylindrical cavity, so that entire conical cavity is connected to cylindrical cavity, conical cavity is simultaneously It is not completely independent enclosure space.
It should be noted that the equipment for separating liquid from solid of the application, by the intracavitary setting partition of cylindrical empty, and by partition The conical cavity for surrounding relative closure realizes multiple function divisions in a device, to realize integrated solid-liquid Separator.Specifically, push flow-disturbing slurry or plug-flow to pump on the top of cylindrical cavity by stirring impeller, form fast confounding, The quick mixing of medicament and sewage may be implemented;And with downward, place less than flow-disturbing slurry or plug-flow pump, the speed of stirring Decline therewith, that is, form slow confounding, to ensure the reaction effect of medicament;Again down, the region shrouded into conical cavity, by In the isolation of partition, so that the interference that the water body in conical cavity is not starched by flow-disturbing, so that settling zone is formed, cylindrical cavity Bottom, that is, sludge area.
It should also be noted that, the equipment for separating liquid from solid of the application also uses centrifugal force and adds not merely with gravitational settling Fast sinking speed is formed specifically, the sewage on upper layer rotates in cylindrical cavity under the rotation of flow-disturbing slurry or plug-flow pump Vortex, at this point, particle can be thrown away to the sidewall direction of cylindrical cavity, so that particle is circumferentially concentrated, accelerated sedimentation.This Shen Equipment for separating liquid from solid please is settled using centrifugal force and gravity, and effect is far longer than single gravitational settling, therefore, warp The sewage water outlet for crossing the equipment for separating liquid from solid processing of the application is more clear, and effect of the sludge through centrifugal force can become more to be concentrated, more Convenient for the Treatment of Sludge in later period.
Preferably, partition is fixedly connected on the side wall of cylindrical cavity by parting bead or mesh screen.
It should be noted that the conical cavity and cylindrical cavity of the application be not it is completely isolated come, therefore, can To understand, the lower circumference of partition is to be fixedly connected by parting bead with the side wall of cylindrical cavity, in partition and cylindrical empty Narrow channel is formed between the side wall of chamber, so that fluid flows to from the narrow channel bottom of cylindrical cavity;Meanwhile parting bead It can play and further top fluid be prevented to flow the influence to lower sediment, so that forming the precipitating of thickened sludge below partition Area.It is appreciated that the main function of parting bead is exactly to support conical cavity, formed between partition and the side wall of cylindrical cavity narrow Channel is stitched, therefore, other than parting bead, the biggish mesh screen of other mesh or hollow out, which are constructed, can be used for the application, herein It is not specifically limited.
Preferably, the bottom of conical cavity is located at about 2/3 depth of cylindrical cavity, and the top of conical cavity is located at circle About 1/3 depth of cylindrical cavity.
It should be noted that the major function of conical cavity be to provide one it is stable, not by the area of flow-disturbing slurry interference Domain, the application are positioned in 1/3 to 2/3 depth of cylindrical cavity, only a kind of preferred implementation of the application;It can To understand, in the utilization big for water process amount, the cylindrical cavity of equipment for separating liquid from solid can be very big, as long as and conical cavity The place for being set to cylindrical cavity close to bottom is not specifically limited herein with ensureing precipitating.
Preferably, flow-disturbing slurry or plug-flow pump protrude into intracavitary about 1/3 depth of cylindrical empty.
It should be noted that the effect of flow-disturbing slurry or plug-flow pump is stirring water body, make its flowing, as previously mentioned, The flow-disturbing slurry not fast confounding in region in one's power in cylindrical cavity, less than region be slow confounding, therefore, flow-disturbing slurry or plug-flow pump are deeply Depth just directly determine it is fast mix subregion mixed slowly, in a kind of preferred implementation of the application, be positioned in cylinder About 1/3 depth in shape cavity;It is appreciated that in the utilization big for water process amount, the cylindrical cavity of equipment for separating liquid from solid Can be very big, at this point, flow-disturbing slurry or plug-flow pump only need to be disposed proximate to the place of cylindrical empty top of chamber, make sewage and medicament It is sufficiently mixed, is not specifically limited herein.In addition, the effect of flow-disturbing slurry or plug-flow pump is stirring water body in the application, because This, as long as can play the role of stirring water body, either flow-disturbing slurry or plug-flow pump or the device or knot of other stirrings Structure may be used to the application, be not specifically limited herein.
Preferably, clear water refluxing opening is also provided at the top of conical cavity, so that part clear water flows back into cylindrical cavity In.
It should be noted that the clear water refluxing opening of the application is it is intended that Partial cleansing clear water is passed through, which is returned Head piece flows back into cylindrical cavity, continues to participate in flocculation precipitation reaction, so on the one hand, can destroy swirl center, another Aspect causes a water flow outside by center, the pollutant for being suspended in swirl center is taken back fast confounding.
Preferably, the top of conical cavity is additionally provided with central tube, clear water refluxing opening on the central axes of cylindrical cavity The clear water of outflow is flowed back into cylindrical cavity by central tube.
It should be noted that centrifugal force is utilized simultaneously for the equipment for separating liquid from solid of the application and the double action of gravity carries out Sedimentation, centrifugal force is that the stirring of flow-disturbing slurry generates, and while formation centrifugation vortex, can form one relatively in vortex centers Stable region, this region, that is, whirlpool region, suffered centrifugal force is faint, this will cause the lighter pollution of specific gravity in sewage Object is suspended in whirlpool, meanwhile, the wadding body into whirlpool region is not easily susceptible to centrifugal force and acts on to equipment for separating liquid from solid edge fortune It is dynamic, to be unfavorable for being separated by solid-liquid separation, influence effluent quality;For this purpose, in the preferred embodiment of the application, in whirlpool region, that is, Central tube is set on the central axes of cylindrical cavity, destroys swirl center using central tube, avoids pollution object or wadding body suspends In center, effluent quality is influenced.Further, also part clear water is overflowed from central tube, is returned using what is overflowed Stream clear water breaks up the pollutant at center or wadding body.
The another side of the application discloses the equipment for separating liquid from solid of the application in sewage treatment or water purification treatment technology Using the sewage includes but are not limited to sanitary sewage, trade effluent.
It is appreciated that the equipment for separating liquid from solid of the application can use at the sewage of coagulation-settlement process suitable for any Reason, these sewage include sanitary sewage, trade effluent etc..Wherein, water purification treatment technology includes such as tap water purifying etc..
The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:
The equipment for separating liquid from solid of the application, by surrounding the partition of conical cavity, natural shape in the intracavitary setting of cylindrical empty At fast confounding, slow confounding and sludge condensation settling zone, coagulating basin and sedimentation basin function integration are realized, occupied area is small, field Ground limitation is small, and required equipment is few, and equipment cost is low, and maintenance is at low cost, and easy to operate, failure occurrence probability is low.Also, this The equipment for separating liquid from solid of application utilizes centrifugal force and gravity double action, effectively raises and is separated by solid-liquid separation speed and separation effect Fruit.Popularization and application for sewage purification environmental protection facility are had laid a good foundation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the vertical view face structural schematic diagram of partition flocculation basin in the background technique of the application;
Fig. 2 is the section structural schematic diagram of folded plate flocculator in the background technique of the application;
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of mechanical flocculation basin in the background technique of the application, and A is section structural schematic diagram, and B is to bow Depending on face structural schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the plane arrangement structure schematic diagram of grid flocculation pool of grid strip in the background technique of the application, dotted arrow table Show that following Inlet and outlet water, solid arrow indicate Inlet and outlet water above;
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of rotational flow flocculation tank in the background technique of the application;
Fig. 6 is the vertical view face structural schematic diagram of the background technique middle punch rotational flow flocculation tank of the application, and dotted arrow indicates Inlet and outlet water below, solid arrow indicate Inlet and outlet water above;
Fig. 7 is the section structural schematic diagram of rectangular sedimentation tank in the background technique of the application;
Fig. 8 is the section structural schematic diagram of vertical sedimentation basin in the background technique of the application;
Fig. 9 is the section structural schematic diagram of radical sedimentation basin in the background technique of the application;
Figure 10 is the section structural schematic diagram of inclined tube or inclined-plate clarifying basin in the background technique of the application;
Figure 11 is the section structural schematic diagram of Round Sump coagulative precipitation tank in the background technique of the application;
Figure 12 is the longitudal section structural schematic diagram of equipment for separating liquid from solid in embodiments herein;
Figure 13 is the Structure of cross section schematic diagram of equipment for separating liquid from solid in embodiments herein.
Specific embodiment
The application is advanced optimized and changes in the theoretical basis of the environmental protection facility used by existing coagulation-settlement process Into, and the integrated equipment for separating liquid from solid of the one kind developed completely newly, wherein integration is mainly reflected in, and the application's consolidates As soon as multiple function divisions of coagulating basin and sedimentation basin have been integrated into a device by liquid separating apparatus, realize in one apparatus Coagulating basin it is fast it is mixed, mix function slowly, meanwhile, also achieve the function of each subregion of sedimentation basin, such as the setting of partition can Short stream and reduction turbulent flow is effectively avoided to have an adverse effect precipitating, the conical bores that partition surrounds partially are thereon To the effect of buffer area, lower part, that is, settling zone and sludge area.
The equipment for separating liquid from solid of the application, it is intracavitary just in a cylindrical empty by carrying out rational modification to internal structure Realize multiple function divisions of coagulating basin and sedimentation basin.
The equipment for separating liquid from solid of the application:
1) coagulating and wadding body precipitating all carry out in a reactor, and centrifugation+gravitational settling carries out separation of solid and liquid generation Single gravitational settling has been replaced, sinking speed is improved, the occupied area and height needed for reducing due to surface loading limitation It is required that greatly reduce the height of equipment, occupied area and total volume.Production requirement, the system of equipment are also reduced simultaneously Make the limitation of cost and equipment to site requirements.
2) all operation work only needs a stirring impeller that can complete, and reduces equipment acquisition cost, maintenance is protected The expense of supporting and energy consumption, while also reducing because of more equipment bring complex operations and high failure occurrence probability.
3) in separation of solid and liquid process, centrifugation+gravity forces are far longer than single gravity forces.Therefore by this The water outlet of the sewage of the equipment for separating liquid from solid processing of application is more clear, and effect of the sludge through centrifugal force can become more to be concentrated, more just In the Treatment of Sludge in later period.
4) equipment for separating liquid from solid of the application can by adjust blender revolving speed, to control reaction speed, treatment effeciency, To make its capacity of resisting impact load be far longer than traditional coagulation-settlement process limited by surface loading.
5) in addition, the equipment for separating liquid from solid of the application can carry out standard specification production, standardization, flowing water metaplasia are realized It produces.
Generally speaking, the final purpose of the application is to solve the environmentally friendly predicament that Small and Medium Enterprises in China is faced at present. The environmental issue of medium-sized and small enterprises, be Environmental Protection in China problem most, solve the problems, such as that this has greatly Environmental Protection in China cause Contribution.Under current economic environment, most of medium-sized and small enterprises all suffer from the contradictory problems of existence with environmental protection, generally to environmental protection Problem is paid attention to inadequate;Also, in existing environmental protection industry (epi), most equipment manufacturing cost is high, takes up a large area, professional is needed to transport The operating costs such as row maintenance management, medicament energy consumption are high, this is that medium-sized and small enterprises are difficult to bear, even if configuration reluctantly, It is usually gradually put aside as useless because operational management is improper, causes significant wastage.The equipment for separating liquid from solid of the application, sewage treatment capacity Existing level can be reached, it is even better;More importantly the equipment for separating liquid from solid equipment of the application is simple, operation side Just, easy to install, and equipment cost, operation expense are all lower, are able to satisfy the use demand of most of medium-sized and small enterprises, it is medium and small Enterprise affords to use, with it is good, and do not increase cost burden;To solve the environmental issue of medium-sized and small enterprises.
The application is described in further detail below by specific embodiments and the drawings.Following embodiment and attached drawing are only right The application is further described, and should not be construed as the limitation to the application.
Embodiment
The equipment for separating liquid from solid of this example is as shown in figure 12, and main body is a column barrel container, and column barrel container has One cylindrical cavity 1, the top of cylindrical cavity 1 are equipped with stirring impeller 2, and the flow-disturbing slurry 21 for stirring impeller protrudes into circle About 1/3 depth of the inside of cylindrical cavity 1;Wastewater inlet 3 is offered in the upper portion side wall of cylindrical cavity, bottom offers row Mud mouth 4;Cylindrical cavity is internally provided with partition 5, and partition 5 surrounds the cone of relative closure in the inside of cylindrical cavity Chamber 51, the setting of partition, so that the bottom of conical cavity is located at about 2/3 depth of cylindrical cavity, the top of conical cavity Positioned at about 1/3 depth of cylindrical cavity;The partition of the bottom of conical cavity, the i.e. partition of the lower circumference of conical cavity, It is fixedly connected by parting bead 52 with the side wall of cylindrical cavity 1, Structure of cross section schematic diagram is as shown in figure 13, preferred to realize In mode, narrow channel 53 is formed between the partition of the bottom of conical cavity and the side wall of cylindrical cavity, which can For sewage there through, meanwhile, also water body is split, the water flow on partition upper layer is avoided to cause the water flow of partition lower layer It influences;Water outlet, i.e. clean water overflow mouth 55 and clear water refluxing opening 54 there are two being opened up at the top of conical cavity, clean water overflow mouth 55, for exporting clear water;The top of conical cavity also has a central tube 6, and central tube 6 is set to the axis of cylindrical cavity On line, central tube 6 is connected to clear water refluxing opening 54, in order to which part clear water is flowed back into circle by central tube by clear water refluxing opening 54 In cylindrical cavity, coagulating sedimentation reaction is participated in again.
It should be noted that central tube 6 is set on the central axes of cylindrical cavity, it is to destroy stirring impeller 2 Swirl center caused by stirring, the stirring impeller 2 of this example push 21 rotation of flow-disturbing slurry, stir sewage, the axis of rotation Line is also in the central axes of cylindrical cavity.It is appreciated that for cylindrical cavity, in order to make full use of its type chamber, Sewage necessarily around the rotation of its central axes, meanwhile, it is normal for, the central axes of conical cavity, cylindrical cavity central axes And it is all to be overlapped that stirring impeller 2, which pushes the central axes of 21 rotation of flow-disturbing slurry,.It, can be with for some special structures designs Depending on specific use demand, it is not specifically limited herein.
The equipment for separating liquid from solid of this example, in use, sewage and medicament enter cylindrical cavity 1 from wastewater inlet 3, stirring is pushed away Stream device 2 starts and brakes 21 rotation of flow-disturbing slurry, and flow-disturbing slurry 21 drives sewage stirring, and control flow-disturbing starches 21 velocities of rotation, realizes dirty Water and the fast of medicament mix, and in the lower section of flow-disturbing slurry 21, the velocity of rotation of sewage gradually slows down, and more downward velocity is slower, until logical After crossing the narrow channel 53 between partition and cylindrical cavity side wall, rotation is not had substantially.Below flow-disturbing slurry 21, with narrow slit Between 53 top of channel, sewage velocity of rotation gradually slows down, and slow confounding is formed, to ensure the reaction effect of medicament.Sludge is in weight Under the double action of 21 stirring centrifugal force of power and flow-disturbing slurry, settle downwards, after narrow channel 53, due to the isolation of partition 5, The stable bottom for falling to cylindrical cavity, at this point, 53 lower section of narrow channel and conical cavity 51 are that is, sedimentation basin. Sludge settling is in bottom, and more up water body is limpider for conical cavity, until the top of conical cavity, clear water is by clean water overflow mouth 55 It overflows, exports equipment for separating liquid from solid.At the same time, separately there is part clear water by clear water refluxing opening 54, flow back into cylinder through central tube 6 In shape cavity, coagulating sedimentation reaction is continued to participate in.
In the equipment for separating liquid from solid of this example, since 21 stirring of flow-disturbing slurry makes sewage form vortex, portion is had in vortex centers Divide the lesser particle of specific gravity or wadding body, since the centrifugal force that central area is subject to is weaker, it is not easy to precipitate, for this purpose, this example is set Central tube 6 has been counted, to destroy the vortex centers, particle or wadding body has been avoided to be suspended in vortex centers area.
The equipment for separating liquid from solid of this example, compared with existing equipment for separating liquid from solid or constructing:
1) equipment for separating liquid from solid of this example has accomplished coagulation and precipitating simultaneously, and occupied area is small, and place limitation is small, required to set Standby few, construction cost, maintenance are at low cost, and easy to operate, failure occurrence probability is low;
2) improvement of the equipment for separating liquid from solid of this example by internal structure, the fast confounding of self-assembling formation, slow confounding, sludge condensation Area, it is reasonable in design;
3) speed of agitator is adjustable, and capacity of resisting impact load is strong, has controllability;
4) equipment for separating liquid from solid of this example completes sedimentation using centrifugation+gravity dual force, effectively raises solid-liquid point From speed and quality, sewage water outlet is more clear.
The foregoing is a further detailed description of the present application in conjunction with specific implementation manners, and it cannot be said that this Shen Specific implementation please is only limited to these instructions.For those of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs, it is not taking off Under the premise of from the application design, a number of simple deductions or replacements can also be made, all shall be regarded as belonging to the protection of the application Range.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of equipment for separating liquid from solid, it is characterised in that: the main body of the equipment for separating liquid from solid is a cylindrical cavity, described Stirring impeller is installed, it is intracavitary that the flow-disturbing slurry or plug-flow pump for stirring impeller protrude into cylindrical empty at the top of cylindrical cavity; Wastewater inlet is offered in the upper portion side wall of the cylindrical cavity, lower sides or bottom offer mud discharging mouth;The cylinder Shape cavity is internally provided with partition, and the partition surrounds the conical cavity of relative closure, circular cone in the inside of cylindrical cavity The bottom of shape chamber is connected to the cylindrical cavity;Clean water overflow mouth is offered at the top of the conical cavity;
Clear water refluxing opening is also provided at the top of the conical cavity, so that part clear water flows back into cylindrical cavity;It is described The top of conical cavity, is additionally provided with central tube on the central axes of cylindrical cavity, and the clear water of clear water refluxing opening outflow passes through Central tube flows back into cylindrical cavity;
The partition is fixedly connected on the side wall of the cylindrical cavity by parting bead or mesh screen;
The bottom of the conical cavity is located at about 2/3 depth of the cylindrical cavity, and the top of the conical cavity is located at About 1/3 depth of the cylindrical cavity;
The flow-disturbing slurry or plug-flow pump protrude into intracavitary about 1/3 depth of cylindrical empty.
2. application of the equipment for separating liquid from solid according to claim 1 in sewage treatment or water purification treatment technology, the dirt Water includes but are not limited to sanitary sewage, trade effluent.
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US4293416A (en) * 1977-05-27 1981-10-06 Entenmann's, Inc. Apparatus for treating plant effluent
JPS63182009A (en) * 1987-01-21 1988-07-27 Suirei:Kk Solid and liquid separator of raw water such as sludge
JP2005288428A (en) * 2004-04-05 2005-10-20 Torao Inoue Method for eliminating sludge on split laminar flow partition plate for solid-liquid separation
CN201235237Y (en) * 2008-03-14 2009-05-13 王鹤名 Y shaped fin piece flocculation apparatus
CN202398157U (en) * 2012-01-05 2012-08-29 文安县天华密度板有限公司 Double-sleeve combined solid-liquid separator
CN205442749U (en) * 2015-12-28 2016-08-10 张春辉 Solid -liquid separation device

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4293416A (en) * 1977-05-27 1981-10-06 Entenmann's, Inc. Apparatus for treating plant effluent
JPS63182009A (en) * 1987-01-21 1988-07-27 Suirei:Kk Solid and liquid separator of raw water such as sludge
JP2005288428A (en) * 2004-04-05 2005-10-20 Torao Inoue Method for eliminating sludge on split laminar flow partition plate for solid-liquid separation
CN201235237Y (en) * 2008-03-14 2009-05-13 王鹤名 Y shaped fin piece flocculation apparatus
CN202398157U (en) * 2012-01-05 2012-08-29 文安县天华密度板有限公司 Double-sleeve combined solid-liquid separator
CN205442749U (en) * 2015-12-28 2016-08-10 张春辉 Solid -liquid separation device

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